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1.
城市土地利用—交通集成模型的构建与应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中国目前正经历着城市化转型,科学合理的空间政策是城市可持续发展的重要保障,因此开展政策情景实验、辅助空间决策具有重要现实意义。本文构建了土地利用—交通集成模型,模拟城市活动空间分布,称作SDA（Spatial Distribution of Activities）模型。该模型主要包含4个子模型：交通模型、家庭区位模型、经济活动区位模型、房租模型;并以北京市为例模拟土地利用政策对城市空间发展的影响。研究表明,延续过去5年（2009-2013年）房地产开发模式至2030年,则由于周边房地产开发数量较高、房租较低,越来越多的人口和企业将向郊区聚集（增长速度更大）。该趋势与目前疏解北京社会经济活动、缓解交通拥堵的规划目标相一致,模型可以很好地检验土地利用政策情景影响。而“基于活动”的模型被认为是模型发展趋势,因此,本文构建的SDA模型不仅可以检验不同政策对城市空间影响、辅助城市空间决策,也有助于推动LUTI模型的发展及其在国内的应用,丰富和发展国内城市空间模拟分析的研究内容。 相似文献
2.
《地理学报(英文版)》2019,(2)
China is now experiencing rapid urbanization. Powerful tools are required to assess its urban spatial policies before implemented toward a more competitive and sustainable development paradigm. This study develops a Land Use Transport Interaction(LUTI) model to evaluate the impacts of urban land-use policies on urban spatial development. The model consists of four sub-models, i.e., transport, residential location, employment location and real estate rent sub-models. It is then applied to Beijing metropolitan area to forecast the urban activity evolution trend based on the land-use policies between 2009 and 2013. The modeling results show that more and more residents and enterprises in the city choose to agglomerate on outskirts, and new centers gradually emerge to share the services originally delivered by central Beijing. The general trend verifies the objectives of the government plan to develop more sub-centers around Beijing. The proposed activity-based model provides a distinct tool for the urban spatial policy makers in China. Further research is also discussed at the end. 相似文献
3.
Nae-Young Choei 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(8):1345-1372
Development impact fees (DIF) are used for the provision of public infrastructure services to adequately serve new developments. Korean Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs introduced the DIF zoning in 2008 and, like its US counterpart, it requires Korean localities to designate specific districts called ‘DIF zones’ based on the local population growth rate. This study examines the genetic algorithms as a method for DIF zoning-related geodemographic modelling using the Korean National Geographic Information Systems as property-level ancillary data. A borough of Hwasung City is taken as the case area since the city internally collected population data by ward-level enumeration areas for DIF zoning in 2008. The gridded population map is built from this source enumeration area population data to select the training dataset. The functional form of the genetic algorithm model has been formulated to have a hierarchical weighting system in which categorical weights of variable groups and individual weights of subordinate variables are sought bilaterally. The model is run by a carefully pretested set of reproductive plan parameters and the consequences are compared with the conventional regression models. It is found that the genetic algorithm solutions are quite comparable to the ones obtained by the regression methods, and it seemed, in this regard, worth adopting the two approaches simultaneously in a complementary manner to take unique advantages of each other either in facilitating the analysis processes or in obtaining more promising outputs for the DIF zoning as well as other geodemographic applications. 相似文献
4.
Transport infrastructure plays an important role in shaping the configuration of spatial socio-economic structures and influences regional accessibility.This paper defines transport dominance from three aspects:quality,quantity,and advantage,measured by density,proximity,and accessibility indices.County is the basic unit for analysis.The results reveal:(1)Transport dominance statistically follows a partial normal distribution.A very few counties,1.4%of the total,have extremely high transport dominance which... 相似文献
5.
《New Zealand geographer》1992,48(2):93-93
JOHN OVERTON. Coups and Constitutions: Drawing a Political Geography of Fiji.
LAURENCE O. P. KNIGHT. Environmentalism and Transport Choices: An Australian Study of Attitudes Towards Urban Travel and Transport Energy Use.
A. J. TILLING. Third World Meets First World in the West Coast Region of the South Island: Possum Hunting and the Role of Social Forestry in Indigenous Forest Management.
PHILIP MORRISON and STEVE O'MALLEY. Office Development in the Central City. 相似文献
LAURENCE O. P. KNIGHT. Environmentalism and Transport Choices: An Australian Study of Attitudes Towards Urban Travel and Transport Energy Use.
A. J. TILLING. Third World Meets First World in the West Coast Region of the South Island: Possum Hunting and the Role of Social Forestry in Indigenous Forest Management.
PHILIP MORRISON and STEVE O'MALLEY. Office Development in the Central City. 相似文献
6.
Transport infrastructure plays an important role in shaping the configuration of spatial socio-economic structures and influences regional accessibility. This paper defines transport dominance from three aspects: quality, quantity, and advantage, measured by density, proximity, and accessibility indices. County is the basic unit for analysis. The results reveal: (1) Transport dominance statistically follows a partial normal distribution. A very few counties, 1.4% of the total, have extremely high transport dominance which strongly supports the socio-economic development in these areas. In contrast, one eighth of all counties have poor transport dominance which impedes local socio-economic development to some extent. The remaining areas, about 70% of the counties, have median transport dominance. (2) Transport dominance is spatially unevenly distributed, with values decreasing gradually from the coastal area to the inland area. Areas in the first-highest level of transport dominance are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, the Greater Beijing area, and the Pearl River Delta. Areas in the second-highest level are focused in Chengdu, Chongqing, and Wuhan metropolitan areas. Provincial capitals and a few other counties belong to the third-highest level. 相似文献
7.
基于一致性标准的大城市多中心体系规划实施评估——以杭州为例 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
基于一致性标准的2个方面——物质空间建设一致性和目标一致性,评估杭州核心建成区多中心体系的规划实施结果。研究发现多中心体系的物质空间建设较成功,现状已建成15个城市级中心,具有较显著的主、副、次3个规模等级,成功引导了空间结构由单主中心向两主多副转变。但是规划目标实现不理想,外围新建的公共中心集聚水平偏低,对传统中心地区过度集聚的公共活动的疏解作用有限,也没有成功优化居住和日常公共活动之间的空间关系。这主要是由于杭州是通过强有力的政策保障多中心体系建设,但经济活动仍倾向于向传统城市中心集聚;城市扩张速度过快导致居住外迁的居民还没有来得及调整居住和日常公共活动之间的空间关系。 相似文献
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"十一五"期间我国区域规划有关问题的思考和建议 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
"十一五"规划期间,国家将把区域规划工作放在突出重要的位置。区域规划既不是国民经济和社会发展规划在区域上的细化,也不是行业规划在区域上的汇总,而是为解决特定区域的特定问题或达到区域内特定目标而采取或实施的战略、发展思路、政策等。区域规划的内涵决定了区域规划的特点和性质,"十一五"期间加强和重视区域规划工作具有重大意义,是促进我国区域协调发展、落实科学发展观、解决区域重大问题、加速与国际现代管理体制接轨、完善我国规划体系以及促进社会主义市场经济秩序建立的迫切需要。文章提出在"十一五"期间,要研究确定区域规划编制主体、编制程序及审批主体等问题,加强我国重点区域规划范围的研究,开展新的地区经济发展类型划分,统筹区域发展,完善区域发展政策,制定相应的法律法规。 相似文献
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11.
JIN Fengjun WANG Chengjin LI Xiuwei WANG Jiao＇e 《地理学报(英文版)》2010,20(2):295-309
Transport infrastructure plays an important role in shaping the configuration of spatial socio-economic structures and influences
regional accessibility. This paper defines transport dominance from three aspects: quality, quantity, and advantage, measured by density, proximity, and accessibility indices. County is the basic unit for analysis. The results reveal: (1) Transport dominance statistically follows a partial normal distribution. A very few counties, 1.4% of the total, have extremely high transport dominance which strongly supports the socio-economic development in these areas. In contrast, one eighth of all counties have poor
transport dominance which impedes local socio-economic development to some extent. The remaining areas, about 70% of the counties, have median
transport dominance. (2) Transport dominance is spatially unevenly distributed, with values decreasing gradually from the coastal area to the inland area. Areas in the
first-highest level of transport dominance are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, the Greater Beijing area, and the Pearl River Delta. Areas in the second-highest
level are focused in Chengdu, Chongqing, and Wuhan metropolitan areas. Provincial capitals and a few other counties belong
to the third-highest level. 相似文献
12.
国外大都市区规划体系评述 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文探讨了国外大都市区在规划编制中的一些最新做法和特点，包括规划负责机构、规划组织体系、规划编制大纲三个方面，并介绍了美国纽约、英国伦敦和日本近畿圈规划的特点。由于各国管理制度的差异性和大都市区组织结构的多样性，国外大都市区的规划呈现不同特点和效果。 相似文献
13.
Ivor Ll. van Heerden 《地理学报》1999,(2):165-176
１Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｅｔｉｎｇ１．１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓｏｆＬｏｕｉｓｉａｎａａｒｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ＇ｓｇｒｅａｔｅｃｏｓｙｓ－ｔｅｍｓ［１］．Ｆｏｒｍｉｌｅｎｎｉａ... 相似文献
14.
云南省马关县土地利用结构的优化配置 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
土地利用结构的优化配置是土地利用总体规划的主要内容和基本方法,也是区域经济和社会发展规划的重要依据。通过土地利用现状分析,根据社会和经济发展对土地的需求和可能提供的土地资源情况,提出土地利用结构调整的优化配置方案,力求提高土地利用的综合效益,实现全县土地资源永续利用和国民经济持续发展 相似文献
15.
Meretta Lake (Resolute Bay, Cornwallis Island, Nunavut, Canada) is a high arctic lake that received raw sewage for almost 50 years from the Canadian Department of Transport Base. The lake was sampled from 1968–72 during the International Biological Programme, as part of the Char Lake Project. As the number of users at the Transport Base declined throughout the 1990s, so too did the lake's nutrient levels, and Meretta Lake is now classified as oligotrophic. A previous diatom-based paleolimnological study revealed marked species assemblage shifts coincident with sewage inputs beginning in the late 1940s; however, because the core was taken at a time when nutrient levels were still relatively high (i.e., 1993), the diatom record did not yet track any signs of recovery. In this present study, we examined fossil diatom assemblages from a sediment core taken in 2001. Our results indicate a shift to the pre-impact diatom assemblages in the most recent sediments, indicating that the paleolimnological record is tracking the decreased nutrient inputs to this high arctic lake, and confirms that no significant lags exist in these largely ice-covered lakes. 相似文献
16.
国土资源开发在我国西部地区经济发展中具有重要的地位和作用,但是也受许多因素的制约。西部国土资源开发必须突出重点、科学规划并采取多种优惠扶持政策。 相似文献
17.
全球集装箱航运企业的航线网络格局及影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用船期表数据,以全球前20位航运企业中的18家为研究对象,剖析各企业航线网络的异同点,并探讨企业航线配置的影响因素。研究表明：各企业航线网络均具有小世界和无标度特征,东亚是航班的首要集聚区,并且均为轴辐连接与点对点连接并存的混合式网络;各企业航线网络的市场广度和深度各异,根据航班的空间分布特征可将企业划分为4种类型,其中高丽海运、汉堡南美、阿拉伯轮船和万海航运专注于特定区域的细分市场,且拥有不同于全球枢纽港的企业枢纽港;港口腹地货源、港口自然条件及作业效率、海运保护政策、企业自身能力等是影响企业航线布局的重要因素。本研究有助于揭示航运企业的航线组织模式,为港口管理者决策提供参考。 相似文献
18.
生态旅游与自然保护区建设--以河南省石人山自然保护区为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
自然保护区生态旅游的开展提出了一个重要问题，即如何处理保护与开发的关系。文章在分析生态旅游特点和自然保护区发展概况的基础上，指出在我国自然保护区开展生态旅游是其可持续发展的重要途径，认为自然保护区开发生态旅游应注意以下问题：制定合理规划；吸收当地居民参与；加大对自然保护区的经济支持。最后，对河南省石人山自然保护区开发现状、存在问题等进行了探讨。 相似文献
19.