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1.
《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(2)
大坝的强震观测是传感器测量的结构在地震激励下实际的振动反应。基于强震观测进行混凝土拱坝模态参数识别,可为结构的抗震分析、健康诊断和震损评估等提供基础。本文基于Pacoima拱坝的3次地震观测数据,分别采用"输入-输出"型和"仅考虑输出"型两类方法对大坝的模态参数进行了识别,并对不同地震记录下,不同方法的识别结果进行对比。同时,结合国内外不同学者通过数值计算、大坝原型动力试验和运行模态分析等方式得到的Pacoima拱坝模态参数识别的结果,分析了基于强震观测的模态识别结果与上述方式获得的模态参数的差异,并分析了差异产生的原因。相关的研究成果,可为后续的研究提供参考。 相似文献
2.
利用混凝土拱坝地震记录识别的模态参数，可以揭示结构在地震过程中实际动力特性的变化情况，为结构地震反应分析和震后损伤评估提供重要信息。首先对模态识别常用方法的基本原理进行介绍；然后利用龙羊峡拱坝两次地震观测数据，采用"输入—输出"型和"仅考虑输出"型两类方法对大坝模态参数进行识别；最后将获得的模态识别结果与工程经验值和其他学者的研究成果进行对比，以分析评价识别结果的合理性。相关研究成果可为基于地震记录的混凝土拱坝模态参数识别的工程应用提供经验借鉴。 相似文献
3.
高耸塔结构动力特性的监测与分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
使用适合于高柔结构的测试系统和测试技术,监测了塔,陕西塔和天津塔在环境振动激励下不同高程的加速度反应,使用在ＭＡＴＬＡＢ语言环境下编制的数据处理,分析,模态识别程序在微机上对各测点输出信号进行了处理,分析,识别得出３座塔结构平动前１０阶模态频率和前３阶模态阻尼比。 相似文献
4.
《地震研究》2016,(3)
基于环境激励信号的桥梁结构响应在线检测系统,利用高灵敏度三分量宽频带地震计,连续监测北京市四座典型在役桥梁在自然荷载作用下的微弱振动信号,分别利用峰值法和互相关函数法获得了在役桥梁结构不同方向上的频谱特征及其结构响应特征。结果表明:(1)三分量地震计能够准确可靠地连续记录宽频带范围内的环境激励的微弱振动信号,非常适用于构建新型的桥梁结构响应检测系统;(2)峰值法和互相关函数法都能够可靠地识别多阶桥梁模态频率,互相关函数法的识别结果更为稳定;(3)桥梁的模态频率受桥梁结构、材料、环境温度等多种因素影响,桥梁不同方向的固有振动频率不同,不同类型的桥梁的结构响应也存在显著差异。该桥梁结构响应检测技术为在役桥梁实时健康诊断打下了基础。 相似文献
5.
对一基础隔震钢筋混凝土框架结构在无填充墙情况下进行了环境激励下的动力测试,重点利用Hilbert-Huang变换与随机减量技术相结合的方法识别了其模态参数,并与随机子空间识别法、有理分式多项式法识别的结果进行了对比。识别结果表明在环境激励下,基础隔震结构的基本周期远小于多遇和罕遇地震工况下设计计算的基本周期;等效黏滞阻尼比很小,近乎于基础固定模型。对隔震层阻尼特性的分析表明,环境激励下可以将基础隔震结构视为经典的比例阻尼系统。进一步以识别的模态参数为基准,采用优化的方法数值反演了环境激励下该结构隔震层的实际水平等效刚度,结果表明其值为多遇地震下计算刚度取值的10.75倍。 相似文献
6.
为揭示环境激励下不同测点反映的模态信息情况,在厦门财富中心布置结构台阵获取环境激励下的结构振动响应。采用Welch平均周期图法获得功率谱密度(power spectral density, PSD)曲线,并在此基础上识别结构模态参数。比较不同测点的PSD曲线和模态识别结果,并与有限元结果进行对比。结果表明：1)结构基底、自由场地和基岩场地三个测点PSD曲线在0.1～1.0 Hz频段高度相似,该频段是由场地次级微地震引起的;不同之处在于结构基底测点PSD曲线Z向峰值是结构竖向基频,而自由场地峰值是场地基本频率。2)结构低楼层测点主要反映其测试方向上的模态频率,而高楼层测点能够反映多方向的模态频率。高楼层测点反映的模态信息更丰富,但易受到密集模态的影响。3)有限元结果与实测结果接近,表明有限元模型可以较好地反映结构的真实动力特性。 相似文献
7.
随机子空间方法在桥塔模态参数识别中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于环境振动的结构模态参数识别方法正逐渐成为国内外研究的一大热点。环境振动方法就是仅仅利用结构测试的输出信号进行结构的模态参数识别,随机子空间方法就是其中的一种。随机子空间法是近年来发展起来的一种线性系统辩识方法,可以有效地从环境激励的结构响应中获取模态参数。它属于时域的方法,该方法不需要进行FFT变换,它不仅可以识别结构的频率,而且可以识别结构的阻尼和振型。文章首先介绍了随机子空间的理论,然后用该方法对正在施工中的南京长江三桥的南塔进行模态参数识别,通过与其他方法的识别结果进行比较,证明随机子空间方法不失为一种有效的模态参数识别方法。 相似文献
8.
《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(5)
结构损伤会引起结构振动信号的突变,而该突变信号会淹没于环境噪声信号中。为此,文章将复杂追踪理论(CP)引入结构损伤识别领域,将损伤识别问题转化为突变特征提取问题。提出一种复杂追踪结合集合经验模态分解(EEMD)识别结构损伤的新方法,首先采用EEMD预处理结构振动信号,接着将分解得到的本征模函数(IMF)作为混合信号输入CP模型中,提取出包含损伤特征的本征模函数,进而识别出结构损伤发生的时刻及位置。最后,通过对环境激励下六自由度质量-弹簧系统和地震激励下三层框架模型的数值分析。结果表明,该方法能够准确有效地识别结构损伤异常时刻与位置。 相似文献
9.
《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
本文以广州国际会展中心一期在环境激励下获得的屋盖5处位置加速度响应时程数据为基础,分别采用随机减量法(RDT)、峰值拾取法(PP)以及频域分解法(FDD)识别结构的前4阶竖向振动模态频率;并采用随机减量法(RDT)获得了前2阶阻尼比。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立结构三维有限元模型,获得了结构前16阶模态频率,并将前4阶整体竖向模态频率与实测结果进行对比。研究表明:(1)RDT法、PP法以及FDD法具有很好的识别结构振动模态频率的功能,且RDT法能有效地识别结构整体阻尼比;(2)有限元数值计算在结构设计初期对识别动力特性上具有较高的精度。 相似文献
10.
工作状态下桥梁结构的模态参数识别是桥梁损伤识别的重要环节,考虑桥梁检测的实用性,桥梁检测一般应建立在环境激励的基础上,已有的环境激励下模态参数识别的方法对模态频率的识别的精度较高,而对位移模态的识别则误差较大。提出了一种利用移动质量块在不同位置时对桥梁的模态频率进行多次测量,用各次测得的频率值确定位移模态的新方法,使得位移模态识别的精度接近频率识别的精度,建立了该方法的初步模型,推导了频率与位移模态关系的理论公式,并通过数值模拟对该方法的有效性进行了说明。 相似文献
11.
断层错动对隧道的影响分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
隧道通过潜在地震地区时.存在活动断层的错动形成的重大工程地质问题的威胁.基于断裂儿何学和震源的运动学特征,以广州地区活动断裂为研究背景,通过在断层左右盘施加一定的速度荷载,模拟了断层错动达到0.28 m时对隧道的影响.得出隧道结构在断层错动影响下的位移和应力的变化规律.分别建立隧道结构距离断层50 m、100 m、150 m三个模型,比较了三种情况下的位移和应力状况.归纳出隧道与断层之间的安全距离. 相似文献
12.
测定震源深度的意义的初步讨论 总被引：32，自引：5，他引：32
在地震目录中，震源深度是地震学最基本的参数之一，然而它也是一个最不易测准的参数，ＰＤＥ报告中的震源深度以及ＵＳＧＳ和Ｈａｒｖａｒｄ大学的ＣＭＴ反演的矩心深度和利用宽频带波形的深度震相资料获得的震源深度各不相同，其含义也不同，而宽频带波形模拟得到又是一种破裂“核心”的深度。本文对不同测量手段的震源深度的不同物理意义做了初步的探讨。 相似文献
13.
沉积物再悬浮对食浮游动物鱼类捕食浮游动物的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
在亚热带浅水湖泊中,由风浪引起沉积物再悬浮是其重要特征之一.沉积物再悬浮一方面直接影响浮游动物群落结构,另一方面通过影响食浮游动物鱼类对浮游动物的捕食而产生间接影响.以食浮游动物鱼类——餐条(Hemiculter leucisculus)为实验对象,通过模拟实验,比较不同再悬浮条件下餐条对浮游动物群落结构的影响.结果显示,在有餐条的处理组中,大型枝角类短钝溞(Daphnia obtusa)只在弱再悬浮条件下出现,并成为枝角类群落的优势种;在无餐条的处理组中,短钝溞生物量随再悬浮强度减弱而增加.强再悬浮(无餐条)和无再悬浮(有餐条)条件下,小型枝角类角突网纹溞(Ceriodaphnia cornuta)和盘肠溞(Chydorus sp.)为优势种.无论有、无餐条条件下,桡足类优势种均为中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops sp.),其生物量随再悬浮强度减弱而增加.所有处理组中,轮虫丰度均低于枝角类和桡足类丰度.研究表明,在亚热带浅水湖泊中,适当的悬浮质浓度既能干扰食浮游动物鱼类对大型浮游动物的捕食,又不影响大型浮游动物的生存,使得它们保持一定的丰度,通过对浮游植物的摄食,降低叶绿素a浓度. 相似文献
14.
章双立 《CT理论与应用研究》1995,4(3):21-24
保证ＣＴ的可靠运行，提供最佳质量的ＣＴ图，已成为临床放射全面质量控制的重要内容之一，本文以ＴＣＴ８０Ａ和ＧＥ９０００两台ＣＴ机为例，从维修角度谈ＣＴ机的质量保证。 相似文献
15.
Energy and thermal transfers in active volcanoes can play an important role incontrolling their dynamics depending on the hydrothermal state. Much geothermalenergy is released through the groundwater circulation, hot gas emission and thermalconduction. Therefore, it is very important to know the hydrological and thermalenvironments associated with volcanoes from the volcano-energetic point of view.However, it is difficult to evaluate these because of the availability of only a fewborehole data on the summit of volcanoes. Recent studies reveal that self-potential(SP) anomalies (up to some hundreds of mV) are observed on volcanoes, activefissure zones and/or fumarolic areas, suggesting that the SP anomalies are closelyrelated to heat-triggered phenomena such as thermoelectric and electrokinetic effectsdue to hydrothermal circulations. Therefore, SP studies can be appropriate for sensingthe thermal and hydrothermal states of volcanoes. In addition, monitoring SP anomaliescan be an efficient method for describing the change of thermal state and the evolutionof the hydrothermal (and volcanic) activities.In this paper, we have reviewed the origin of the SP anomalies associated withvolcanic phenomena theoretically as well as experimentally. Subsequently, wehave presented the results of many case studies and have classified the types ofanomalies in accordance with possible mechanisms. We have also described theresults of time variations of SP anomalies associated with volcanic activities. Timevarying SP fields exhibit the dynamic aspects of volcanic activities correspondingto the evolution of hydrothermal activity, changes in ground water circulation andmagma displacement. These morphological insights should lead to a quantitativeinterpretation of SP anomalies in volcanic regions. 相似文献
16.
Occurrence of water ponding on soil surfaces depending on infiltration rates on Mongolian rangeland 
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下载免费PDF全文 Katori Miyasaka Sho Shiozawa Kazuhiro Nishida Siilegmaa Batsukh Shuichiro Yoshida Undarmaa Jamsran 《水文研究》2017,31(22):3996-4005
The occurrence of water ponding on soil surfaces during and after heavy rainfall produces surface run‐off or surface water accumulation in low‐lying areas, which might reduce the water supply to soils and result in a reduction of the soil water that plants can use, especially in arid climates. On Mongolian rangeland, we observed ponded water on the surface of a specific soil condition subjected to a heavy rainfall of 30 mm/hr. By contrast, ponded water was not observed for the same type of soil where livestock grazing had been removed for 6–8 years via a fence or for nearby soil containing less clay. We measured the infiltration rate (the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the surface soil, Ks) of the three sites by applying ponded water on the soil surface (an intake rate test). The results showed that Ks in the rangeland was lower than the rainfall intensity in the site where water ponded on the soil surface; however, Ks of the soil inside of the fence has recovered to 3 times that of the soil outside of the fence to exceed the rainfall intensity. Heavy rainfall that exceeds the infiltration rate occurs several times a year at the livestock grazing site where we observed ponded water. Slight water repellency of the soil reduces rain infiltration to increase the possibility of surface ponding for the soil. 相似文献
17.
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,¶rt; h a ¶rt;umuauu. 相似文献
18.
Eroded sediment may have significant effects on the hydraulics of overland flow, but few studies have been performed to quantify these effects on steep slopes. This study investigated the potential effects of sediment load on Reynolds number, Froude number, flow depth, mean velocity, Darcy–Weisbach friction coefficient, shear stress, stream power, and unit stream power of overland flow in a sand‐glued hydraulic flume under a wide range of hydraulic conditions and sediment loads. Slope gradients were varied from 8·7 to 34·2%, unit flow rates from 0·66 to 5·26×10?3 m2 s?1, and sediment loads from 0 to 6·95 kg m?1 s?1. Both Reynolds number (Re) and Froude number (Fr) decreased as sediment load increased, implying a decrease in flow turbulence. This inverse relationship should be considered in modeling soil erosion processes. Flow depth increased as sediment load increased with a mean value of 1·227 mm, caused by an increase in volume of sediment‐laden flow (contribution 62·4%) and a decrease in mean flow velocity (contribution 37·6%). The mean flow velocity decreased by up to 0·071 m s?1 as sediment load increased. The Darcy–Weisbach friction coefficient (f) increased with sediment load, showing that the total energy consumption increased with sediment load. The effects of sediment load on f depended on flow discharge: as flow discharge increased, the influence of sediment load on f decreased due to increased flow depth and reduced relative roughness. Flow shear stress and stream power increased with sediment load, on average, by 80·5% and 60·2%, respectively; however, unit stream power decreased by an average of 11·1% as sediment load increased. Further studies are needed to extend and apply the insights obtained under these controlled conditions to real‐world overland flow conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Introduction With rapid development of national economy, urbanization has been speeded up in China, and several city groups or city belts with extra-large cities as their centers have been formed. For example, Pearl River Delta urbanized area surrounds Guangzhou City, Shenzhen City, Zhuhai City; Yangtze River Delta urbanized area surrounds Shanghai City, Suzhou City, Wuxi City, Nanjing City, Hangzhou City; Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urbanized area surrounds Beijing City, Tianjin City… 相似文献
20.
The goal of cathodic protection is to prevent corrosion by maintaining buried pipelines at a constant potential with respect to the surrounding soil. In practice, however, the implementation is very complicated since many factors can contribute to the current flowing off the pipe. Design requires characterization of the parameters impacting the corrosion process, such as soil resistivity, size of the pipe and quality of the coating.In the present paper, we have studied the effect of geomagnetic fields on the pipe-induced currents considering it as an additional cause of corrosion. A theoretical method implemented to model the induced currents was tested in a previous work and the effect during disturbed days was quantified. This theoretical model indicated that the intensity of the current induced in a pipeline by the varying geomagnetic field depends on the intensity and rate of change of the field and the electrical resistivity of the soil. This induced current is in equilibrium with the host current and there is no current drainage between the pipeline and the host until, along the length of the pipeline, the host resistivity becomes different. At that point, current must flow between the pipe and host in order to establish a new equilibrium. It is this drainage current, flowing between the pipeline and the host, which causes corrosion problems.Following these results, experimental tests were performed in Tierra del Fuego. In this zone, a geophysical study was made to determine the discontinuities in soil resistivities and simultaneous measurements of the geomagnetic field and the drainage of current were recorded at different sites. The results obtained from the correlation of the data are consistent with the theoretical predictions. 相似文献