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1.
This issue marks a change in the editorial team of the ICESJournal of Marine Science, in that we have bid farewell to ourformer Editor-in-Chief, Niels Daan, after six years of sterlingservice, and to our Elsevier Publishing Editor, Andrew Richford,after an even longer period of years. Both deserve credit fortheir energy and vision that has left us the legacy of a journalas widely read and cited as the ICES Journal now is, but theyleave a gap that will be a huge challenge for us to meet. However,in my new capacity as Editor-in-Chief and in Els Bosma's capacityas Elsevier's Publishing Editor, I  相似文献   

2.
The author describes the evolution of ICES and the development of its current structures and functions. He shows how cooperation has occurred within ICES in the field of collecting scientific data on fish stocks, and considers the extent to which it has promoted and developed research in the marine biological and oceanographic fields. The author concludes that ICES provides an excellent example of international cooperation in marine affairs, and that it can serve as a model for the development of other international scientific bodies in this field.  相似文献   

3.
Introduction     
An ICES Symposium on The Influence of Climate Change on NorthAtlantic Fish Stocks was held in Bergen, Norway, from 11 to14 May 2004. The Symposium, sponsored by the ICES/GLOBEC WorkingGroup on Cod and Climate Change (WGCCC) as part of their synthesisactivities, was convened to address the issue of climate variabilityand its impact on cod and other fish stocks in the North Atlantic.It followed 11 years after the first WGCCC-sponsored ICES Symposiumon Cod and Climate (ICES, 1994) in Reykjavík, Iceland,which was convened to gather together the then current knowledgeof the influence of climate variability on cod. The 2004 Symposiumwas timely  相似文献   

4.
The following 15 papers in this issue of the ICES Journal ofMarine Science are based on presentations given at a Theme Session—"Isthere more to Eels than Slime?"—at the ICES Annual ScienceConference held in Maastricht, the Netherlands, during September2006. International involvement in research on the Europeaneel (Anguilla anguilla) started in 1968, when a draft synopsisof eel biology, fisheries, and aquaculture was prepared at theEuropean Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission (EIFAC) sessionin Rome. By 1975, an ICES Eel Working Group had been set up(WGEEL), and it met in Copenhagen to document information oneel populations and fisheries and, for the first time, to notedeclining trends in catches. These were the subjects of a jointEIFAC/ICES symposium in Helsinki in 1976, where mitigation byrestocking was first proposed,  相似文献   

5.
This study examines the reorganization of formal coordination structures of a unique international public organization involved in marine governance in Europe, namely the structural reorganizations of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) between 1999 and 2009. The findings indicate that the reorganizations of ICES’ formal coordination structures were not driven primarily for reasons of efficiency, by clear and consistent goals, and by clear means-ends considerations for organizational design as proposed by rational perspectives in organization theory. Instead, the formal coordination structures have also been adapted to live up to changing expectations in the institutional environment, to modern management concepts in marine governance such as the Ecosystem Approach to Management (EAM), and to ensure the legitimacy of the organization. However, it is also found that institutional explanations alone are insufficient to comprehensively understand why the formal organizational structures of ICES were reorganized. Instrumental and cultural perspectives in organization theory as well as resource-dependence theory additionally add to understand how ICES responded to external demands and why organizational structures have been changed.  相似文献   

6.
Zooplankton play a key role in the pelagic foodweb by controllingphytoplankton production and shaping pelagic ecosystems. Inaddition, because of their critical role as a food source forlarval and juvenile fish, the dynamics of zooplankton populationshave a significant influence on recruitment to fish stocks.In 1961, ICES convened the First Zooplankton Production Symposiumin Charlottenlund, Denmark. ICES also played a leading rolein the Second Zooplankton Production Symposium on "ZooplanktonProduction: measurement and role in global  相似文献   

7.
Organizations involved in the governance of natural resources are challenged to adjust to the call for more holistic management approaches. This often necessitates organizational change. Here change processes in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) during the years 1998–2009 are investigated using semi-structured interviews combined with observations and review of documents. Several organizational reforms were implemented during the time period studied. The major drivers were the need to improve efficiency and a striving for better integration between different components within the organization. The reform processes were driven forward by individuals who navigated between opportunities and constrains embedded in the network structure of ICES. This required good leadership and communication skills. Broad consultations were important to ensure support within the ICES community. By increasing the understanding of the dynamics of change in organizations, which operate at the science–policy interface developments in desired directions can be facilitated.  相似文献   

8.
List of referees     
ICES and the Guest Editors are delighted to record their gratitudeto the following  相似文献   

9.
The ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology(SAFAE) was held in Montpellier, France, from 10 to 14 June2002. There were 303 participants from 37 countries, emphasizingthe strongly international character of the meeting. This Symposiumwas the fifth organized by ICES in a series concerned with acousticsin fisheries and related fields. The first two were held inBergen (1973 and 1982), the third in Seattle (1987), and thefourth in Aberdeen  相似文献   

10.
List of referees     
ICES and the Guest Editors are delighted to take this opportunityto record their gratitude to the following referees for theirprompt, thoughtful, and  相似文献   

11.
A theoretical investigation is carried out of the mesh size measurement of an idealized fishing netting mesh. It is assumed that the bending moment of the netting twine is proportional to curvature and that there is no twine extension and no cross-sectional deformation of the twine. The corresponding momentum and force balance equations are analyzed. The measurement method our analysis most approximates is that of the ICES gauge. The effect on mesh measurement of twine bending stiffness, frictional resistance, boundary slope, gauge force and gauge thickness are all examined.  相似文献   

12.
List of referees     
ICES and the Guest Editors are delighted to record their gratitudeto the following referees for their prompt, thoughtful, andconstructive reports.
John  相似文献   

13.
Referees     
ICES and the Guest Editor acknowledge with thanks the assistanceof the following reviewers in helping us meet a tight timetablefor  相似文献   

14.
An ecosystem approach to the management of the marine environment has received considerable attention over recent years. However, there are few examples which demonstrate its practical implementation. Much of this relates to the history of existing marine monitoring and assessment programmes which (for many countries) are sectoral, making it difficult to integrate monitoring data and knowledge across programmes at the operational level.To address this, a scientific expert group, under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), prepared a plan for how ICES could contribute to the development of an Integrated Ecosystem Assessment (IEA) for the North Sea by undertaking a pilot study utilising marine monitoring data. This paper presents the main findings arising from the expert group and in particular it sets out one possible integrated approach for assessing the relative significance of environmental forcing and fishing pressure on the ecological status of the North Sea, it then compares the findings with assessments made of other Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs).We define the North Sea ecosystem on the basis of 114 state and pressure variables resolved as annual averages between 1983 and 2003 and at the spatial scale of ICES rectangles. The paper presents results of integrated time-series and spatial analysis which identifies and explains significant spatial and temporal gradients in the data. For example, a significant shift in the status of the North Sea ecosystem (based upon 114 state-pressure variables) is identified to have occurred around 1993. This corresponds to previously documented shifts in the environmental conditions (particularly sea surface temperature) and changes in the distribution of key species of plankton (Calanus sp.), both reported to have occurred in 1989. The difference in specific timing between reported regime shifts for the North Sea may be explained, in part, by time-lag dependencies in the trophic structure of the ecosystem with shifts in higher trophic levels occurring later than 1989.By examining the connection (or relatedness) between ecosystem components (e.g. environment, plankton, fish, fishery and seabirds) for the identified regime states (1983–1993; 1993–2003) we conclude that both the North Sea pelagic and benthic parts of the ecosystem were predominantly top-down (fishery) controlled between 1983 and 1993, whereas between 1993 and 2003 the pelagic stocks shifted to a state responding mainly to bottom-up (environment) influences. However, for the demersal fish stocks between 1993 and 2003 top-down (fishery) pressure dominated even though over this period significant reductions in fishing pressure occurred. The present analysis, therefore, provides further evidence in support of the need for precautionary management measures taken in relation to setting fishery quotas.  相似文献   

15.
The April 1984 special issue of Marine Policy included an overview article on international marine research in the post-UNCLOS era: ‘Marine science: organizing the study of the oceans’ by Henry Charnock. We sent a galley proof of the article to Dr Hans Tambs-Lyche, formerly of ICES, for comment and we are pleased to publish his remarks.  相似文献   

16.
Work on multispecies assessment and management has been conducted within ICES (the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) throughout the 1980s and is still ongoing. The focus has been principally the biological interactions, although there has been an increasing tendency to consider technical interactions too. Most of the work on biological interactions has been carried out by two working groups — the ad hoc Working Group on Multispecies Assessment Methods and the ad hoc Multispecies Assessment Working Group. In this paper, a brief overview of the work of those groups is given, but with emphasis on the latter over the most recent years. The difficulties and problems of the assessment methods are highlighted as well as the progress and successes. The contrast between single-species and multispecies assessments and steady-state forecasts is made and the consequences for management decisions are discussed. It is concluded that, whereas multispecies management approaches might not yet be the all-powerful tools that many people imagine or hope for, they will, with suitable caution and communication, become routine vehicles for investigating fisheries management options.  相似文献   

17.
The September 2003 ICES Annual Science Conference was held inTalinn, Estonia, and Theme Session V was "Mixed and multi-stockfisheries – challenges and tools for assessments, prediction,and management." The theme session brought together researchersfrom the salmonid and marine fishery fields to address commonproblems faced when multiple fleets harvest a common stock,  相似文献   

18.
I don't know. The editor did it when I was away.Rupert MurdochGuardian, 25 February 1994 It is an honour to edit the proceedings of this successful InternationalSymposium and we thank ICES for the invitation. The editingwas very much a team effort. The choice of referees and selectionof papers rested  相似文献   

19.
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) taken from several sites in the Mersey Estuary, an urban-industrial water body in NW England, have been analyzed for residues of the persistent organochlorines, DDT, PCB congeners nos. 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180 (ICES7), and alpha-MHCH (alpha-methyl hexachlorocyclohexane). The concentration range for sigmaPCB (ICES7) was 13.9-34.9 microg kg(-1) in 1994 compared with 9.6-31.9 microg kg(-1) in 1998, whilst the equivalent concentrations of sigmaDDT were 8.9-32.4 microg kg(-1) and 4.5-16.8 microg kg(-1), respectively. The concentration of alpha-MHCH, an organochlorine largely restricted to the Mersey Estuary, was 1.2-11 microg kg(-1) in 1994 and 0.3-1.3 microg kg(-1) in 1998. At both sampling dates the inner estuary sites of Rock Ferry and Egremont were more contaminated than the outer estuary sites of New Brighton. Dove Point and Caldy Blacks. The lower concentrations of organochlorines in mussels in 1998 compared with 1994 are thought to be early evidence of significant improvements in water quality derived from major capital investment in the treatment of industrial effluents and sewage wastewater, linked to a combination of stricter legislative controls and the environmental benefits from the adoption of new, clean technologies in manufacturing.  相似文献   

20.
郑建元 《海洋科学》1988,12(3):50-53
本文对鱼群回声积分仪的理论基础及其基本功能和结构作了简要的阐述和分析。在此基础上,对利用现有的高性能鱼探仪和通用计算模拟数字式积分仪进行组装的可能性,以及如何设计一种合适的接口装置进行了探讨。  相似文献   

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