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太阳磁场的诊断对研究太阳物理有着重要的意义。近几十年,许多科学家利用汉勒效应(Hanle effect)进行诊断弱磁场的研究。而利用汉勒效应诊断弱磁场,需要对偏振的产生机制有一个完整的理解。直到近年来,随着技术的发展,对偏振的测量精度达到10~(-5)的ZIMPOL(Zurich Imaging Polarimeter)获得以斯托克斯参量Q/I为表征的第二太阳光谱(second solar spectrum),展现丰富的散射偏振特征,促进了偏振研究的蓬勃发展。通过对第二太阳光谱的研究,使我们对偏振产生机制理解得更为透彻,从而使利用汉勒效应诊断弱磁场逐渐成为可能。主要介绍了用量子电动力学为基础的密度矩阵来研究偏振光谱产生的物理过程,并简要介绍了近年有关在第二太阳光谱和汉勒效应研究的一些进展。 相似文献
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现有的天体磁场测量方法主要根据磁场敏感谱线的塞曼效应,而解释观测资料的理论基础是斯托克斯(Stokes)参数的形成及其转移方程的求解。近年来,为了观测太阳的向量磁场和精细结构磁场,仪器技术和理论分析都得到迅速发展,这突出表现在斯托克斯偏振量度学的诞生。本文对这些情况作扼要的综合介绍。 相似文献
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分子云磁场与尘埃导致的偏振 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
磁场对分子云及其中的恒星的形成和演化起到重要的作用.分子云磁场的探测方法主要是谱线塞曼效应、尘埃热辐射的偏振,以及谱线的线偏振观测.利用谱线的塞曼效应可以直接测量视线方向的磁场强度.尘埃热辐射偏振可以有效地示踪磁场方向在天球上的分布.分子云内部的磁场会受到不同物理过程的影响.高分辨率观测可以研究磁场扰动的细节,低分辨率观测可以得到分子云甚至银河系大尺度磁场的宏观信息.只有多波段的观测才能全面地认识分子云磁场与各种物理过程的联系.该文对分子云尘埃热辐射偏振的观测情况做了调研,总结了分子云大尺度磁场的研究现状和发展前景. 相似文献
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望远镜的仪器偏振是影响太阳磁场测量的重要因素,为了获得精确的太阳磁场信息,对大型太阳望远镜光学系统进行偏振优化设计非常必要.针对8 m中国巨型太阳望远镜(Chinese Giant Solar Telescope, CGST)的偏振设计需求,提出了基于四镜偏振补偿结构的望远镜折轴光学系统设计方案.基于偏振光线追迹方法,分析了该方案仪器偏振在望远镜光瞳和视场上的分布特性以及视场分布特性随望远镜运动和波长的变化.结果表明,在HeI 1.083μm和FeI 1.565μm磁敏谱线所在的近红外波段, CGST仪器偏振满足2×10-4测量精度要求的“无偏振视场”为0.91′,而在可见光波段该“无偏振视场”为0.5′. 相似文献
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对太阳大气磁场的可靠测量有助于人们更好地理解太阳活动区内外的许多活动现象,如耀斑的触发和能量释放过程、黑子的形态和黑子大气的平衡、日珥的形成等.由于原子在磁场中的一些能级会产生分裂(Zeeman效应),使对应这些能级的谱线分裂成若干个具有不同偏振特性的分量,因此目前对黑子磁场的测量主要是通过偏振光,即Stokes参量I、Q、U、V的观测来实现的.该文主要介绍近30年来太阳黑子光谱反演的方法以及所取得的成就;同时也对光谱反演和滤光器型的望远镜矢量磁场的测量进行了简单的比较. 相似文献
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随着"环日轨道器"(Solar Orbiter, SO)的在轨运行,太阳磁场观测进入了双视角遥测的时代.对利用太阳磁场的双视角观测改正矢量磁图中存在的横场(垂直于视线方向的磁场分量) 180°不确定性进行了模拟,首先模拟了对解析解得到磁图的双视角观测,然后利用"日震学和磁学成像仪"(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, HMI)在不同时间观测到的一个老化黑子的磁图模拟了双视角观测.发现要改正一个磁图中横场方向的180°不确定性,在观测上只需要另外一个平行于视线方向的磁场即纵向磁场观测的协助.利用HMI的磁场观测模拟,估算显示30°的张角能够改正50 Gs磁场中的180°不确定性.更大的张角虽然更有利于更弱磁场的改正,但是考虑到投影效应的不利影响, 30°左右的张角应该是未来空间设备进行多视角观测太阳磁场的最佳张角. 相似文献
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本文在考虑磁光效应的条件下,选用合适的太阳黑子模型,对Fel λ6302.499等磁场敏感谱线,求得四个斯托克斯参数转移方程组的数值解。此外,本文建立由斯托克斯参数轮廓直接推求向量磁场信息(包括磁场强度、磁场方向与视线的夹角以及磁场方位角)的方法。 相似文献
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大视场、高灵敏度、高分辨、宽带信号接收以及多偏振成份接收等,是银河系毫米波分子谱线巡天不断追求的目标.从一氧化碳(CO)多谱线巡天的最新进展出发,归纳了未来银河系大尺度分子巡天可着重瞄准的几个前沿科学目标,包括广域弱发射区的探查、分子云内部结构的多探针成像以及银河系大尺度气体结构与物质循环调查等.介绍3毫米波段新一代多波束接收系统的一套概念设计.结合最新的技术预研,给出实现该方案的技术要点.新一代多波束接收系统的概念设计瞄准了100波束的接收规模,众多谱线以及双偏振成份的接收能力.在继承边带分离混频原理的基础上,基于新近发展的超导混频器集成电路,实现双偏振接收的新模式.在多谱线信号接收的基础上扩大每个信号边带至8 GHz从而同时接收众多谱线.参照已有的技术基础和近期预研的进展,本概念设计方案完全可以实现.与现有毫米波多波束接收设备相比,新一代毫米波多波束接收系统的综合接收能力预计将提升89–178倍.该设计将为毫米波多波束接收能力再次实现变革性的飞跃提供可能. 相似文献
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综述日冕物质抛射的观测和持性，简短的前言之后，给出ＣＭＥ的发现经过及统计特性，着重介绍ＣＭＥ与其他种类太阳活动的相关。然后介绍ＣＭＥ的一般特性，包括可能与ＣＭＥ相关的一些物理过程的观测特性。初步结论是：ＣＭＥ是一种演变中的磁结构现象。 相似文献
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经典的太阳光谱观测是一维的，它有很大的局限性。从５０年代起，天文工作者采用多种方法开展二维太阳光谱观测，已经研制出一系列仪器，建立完整的资料归算程序，取得优良成果。在二维观测资料的基础上，用理论方法推出深度分布，可以得出三维的立体图像，这会成为太阳研究的主要方法之一。 相似文献
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T. Venturi S. Bardelli G. Zambelli R. Morganti R.W. Hunstead 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,324(4):1131-1146
We report and discuss the results of a 22-cm radio survey carried out with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) covering the A3528 complex, a chain formed by the merging ACO clusters A3528–A3530–A3532 , located in the central region of the Shapley Concentration. Simultaneous 13-cm observations are also presented. Our final catalogue includes a total of 106 radio sources above the flux density limit of 0.8 mJy. By cross-correlation with optical and spectroscopic catalogues we found 32 optical counterparts, nine of them belonging to the A3528 complex.
We explored the effects of cluster mergers on the radio emission properties of radio galaxies by means of the radio luminosity function (RLF) and radio source counts. We found that the radio source counts are consistent with the background counts, as already found for the A3558 complex. The RLF for this complex is consistent, in both shape and normalization, with the general cluster luminosity function for early-type galaxies derived by Ledlow & Owen. This result is different from the one we obtained for the A3558 merging complex, the RLF of which is significantly lower than that derived by Ledlow & Owen.
We propose that the different stage of the merger is responsible for the different RLFs in the two cluster complexes in the core of the Shapley Concentration. The early stage of merger for the A3528 complex, proposed by many authors, may not yet have affected the radio properties of cluster galaxies, while in the more much advanced merger in the A3558 region we actually see the effects of this process on the radio emission. 相似文献
We explored the effects of cluster mergers on the radio emission properties of radio galaxies by means of the radio luminosity function (RLF) and radio source counts. We found that the radio source counts are consistent with the background counts, as already found for the A3558 complex. The RLF for this complex is consistent, in both shape and normalization, with the general cluster luminosity function for early-type galaxies derived by Ledlow & Owen. This result is different from the one we obtained for the A3558 merging complex, the RLF of which is significantly lower than that derived by Ledlow & Owen.
We propose that the different stage of the merger is responsible for the different RLFs in the two cluster complexes in the core of the Shapley Concentration. The early stage of merger for the A3528 complex, proposed by many authors, may not yet have affected the radio properties of cluster galaxies, while in the more much advanced merger in the A3558 region we actually see the effects of this process on the radio emission. 相似文献
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太阳大气磁场的研究对于太阳大气物理及太阳活动研究是十分重要的。目前探测光球以外的日够以球，过渡区磁场的几乎唯一办法，是在紧密联系其他频说段取得的信息基础上使用射电观测。根据在微波，米波段有关辐射机制和传播过程，介绍了推导磁场讯息的基本射电方法。 相似文献
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Ho Seong Hwang † Myung Gyoon Lee 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,397(4):2111-2122
We present the results of a study of galaxy activity in two merging binary clusters (A168 and A1750) using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data supplemented with the data in the literature. We have investigated the merger histories of A168 and A1750 by combining the results from a two-body dynamical model and X-ray data. In A168, two subclusters appear to have passed each other and to be coming together from the recent maximum separation. In A1750, two major subclusters appear to have started interaction and to be coming together for the first time. We find an enhanced concentration of the galaxies showing star formation (SF) or active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity in the region between two subclusters in A168, which were possibly triggered by the cluster merger. In A1750, we do not find any galaxies with SF/AGN activity in the region between two subclusters, indicating that two major subclusters are in the early stage of merging. 相似文献
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Jin-Zhao Yuan 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(10)
The multicolor photometric observations of the neglected eclipsing binary FT Ursae Majoris (FT UMa) were obtained in 2010. The 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney code was used to analyze the light curves in the B, V and R bands simultaneously. Based on the spectroscopic mass ratio q = 0.984 published by Pribulla et al., it is found that FT UMa is an evolved contact binary with a contact degree of 15.3%. The low amplitude of light variations, ～ 0.15 mag, arises mainly from a moderately low inclination angle... 相似文献
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Gang Zhao Yu-Qin Chen Jian-RongShi Yan-Chun Liang Jin-Liang Hou Li Chen Hua-Wei Zhang Ai-Gen Li National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University Beijing Department of Physics Astronomy University of Missouri Columbia MO USA 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2006,6(3):265-280
A project of a spectroscopic survey of Galactic structure and evolution with a Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) is presented. The spectroscopic survey consists of two observational modes for various targets in our Galaxy. One is a major survey of the Milky Way aimed at a systematic study of the stellar abundance and Galactic chemical evolution through low resolution (R=1000-2000) spectroscopy. Another is a follow-up observation with medium resolution (R = 10000) spectrographs aimed at detailed studies of the selected stars with different chemical composition, kinematics and dynamics. 相似文献