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1.
采用国际照明委员会CIE LAB色度坐标,定量描述了翡翠的绿色,分析了颜色的分布情况,总结其分布规律,建立起翡翠绿色L*、a*、b*、C*、hab的分布关系。当明度较小时,色调角几乎不变,彩度和明度呈现近似的线性相关;当明度变大时,色调角的变化幅度稍大,彩度值在明度中等偏低时变为最大。这些信息将在很大程度上对翡翠绿色分级的细化起到积极作用,可以用来指导翡翠色卡的制备。 相似文献
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利用傅立叶红外光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪、电子探针X射线显微分析仪和X-Rite SP62手持式分光光度计对黄-红色缅甸黄龙玉样品进行了颜色特征、化学组成以及光谱学特征的研究,分析缅甸黄龙玉的颜色与光谱特性之间的定量关系。结果表明,缅甸黄龙玉主要由SiO2组成,含少量Fe、Cu、Cr等过渡金属元素,属于隐晶质石英质玉。在CIE D65标准光源和N9孟塞尔中性背景下,缅甸黄龙玉的明度与色调角具有高度的相关性,Fe含量的变化对其明度和色调角具有显著影响。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱的一阶导数可以推断缅甸黄龙玉中针铁矿和赤铁矿的相对含量,且随着主波谷的位置向长波方向偏移,缅甸黄龙玉的颜色会从黄色调向红色调转变。 相似文献
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虽然目前普遍认为钠长石玉的主要矿物组成是钠长石、阳起石、绿泥石、绿帘石、石英等,但仍有待验证.参照行业中对翡翠种的划分,将市场上常见的钠长石玉进行分类,通过偏光显微镜观察、电子探针测试、X射线粉末衍射仪等测试方法对钠长石玉的矿物组成进行了测试与分析,得出钠长石玉的主要组成矿物、次要矿物及副矿物.对一些学术著作中关于钠长石玉的矿物组成钠长石玉中“飘蓝花”品种的致色矿物是绿泥石和绿帘石提出质疑,结果表明,钠长石玉中“飘蓝花”矿物为绿辉石和角闪石.X射线粉末衍射试验的分析表明钠长石的有序度为1或非常接近1,为完全有序或非常接近完全有序的钠长石,说明钠长石玉的形成温度很低. 相似文献
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翡翠玉的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图谱研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文应用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）技术，研究了翡翠玉样品阳绿色部分的矿物组成，矿物颗粒大小和矿物理解面的形态特征，在此基础上，对翡的宝石学特征进行了有意义的探讨。 相似文献
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墨翠是翡翠中一个较特殊的品种,其主要的组成矿物为绿辉石.欧阳秋眉对其定义为由90%以上的绿辉石组成的单一矿物的玉石,具有反射光下呈黑色,透射光下呈绿色的特殊属性,并且具有较强的玻璃光泽.在近些年中,优质的墨翠以其具有细腻的质地、强玻璃光泽、反射光下深浓至黑的墨绿色、透射光下艳丽的绿色等特性受到市场和收藏者的追捧.本文探讨了墨翠的主要结构特征及其矿物颗粒大小、形态以及裂隙发育程度对墨翠透明度的密切影响. 相似文献
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我国玉器市场的繁荣发展,使得玉器优劣并存,导致大量墨绿色“石材”充斥市场,充当翡翠销售.在广东玉器加工批发集散市场上收集了多种墨绿色仿翡翠原料,挑选具有代表性的4件原料进行测试分析.通过宝石显微镜观察、折射率、密度以及红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、偏光显微镜薄片鉴定等测试方法进行对比研究.该4件样品的密度、折射率与翡翠一致,红外反射光谱与绿辉石非常相似,但其结构特征、矿物组成明显区别于翡翠.综合国标判定,该4件样品均为仿翡翠品.笔者提醒,常规宝石学测试和红外光谱测试不易区分此类制品,而加强基础性研究、提高镜下鉴定能力是防范检测风险的有效途径. 相似文献
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Petrogenesis and implications of jadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite from the Sanbagawa belt (SW Japan)
Jadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite has been discovered in the Iratsu body of the Sanbagawa belt, SW Japan. The jadeite + kyanite assemblage is stable at higher pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions or lower H2O activity [a(H2O)] than paragonite, although paragonite‐bearing eclogite is common in the Sanbagawa belt. The newly discovered eclogite is a massive metagabbro with the peak‐P assemblage garnet + omphacite + jadeite + kyanite + phengite + quartz + rutile. Impure jadeite is exclusively present as inclusions in garnet. The compositional gap between the coexisting omphacite (P2/n) and impure jadeite (C2/c) suggests relatively low metamorphic temperatures of 510–620 °C. Multi‐equilibrium thermobarometry for the assemblage garnet + omphacite + kyanite + phengite + quartz gives peak‐P conditions of ~2.5 GPa, 570 °C. Crystallization of jadeite in the metagabbro is attributed to Na‐ and Al‐rich effective bulk composition due to the persistence of relict Ca‐rich clinopyroxene at the peak‐P stage. By subtracting relict clinopyroxene from the whole‐rock composition, pseudosection modelling satisfactorily reproduces the observed jadeite‐bearing assemblage and mineral compositions at ~2.4–2.5 GPa, 570–610 °C and a(H2O) >0.6. The relatively high pressure conditions derived from the jadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite are further supported by high residual pressures of quartz inclusions in garnet. The maximum depth of exhumation in the Sanbagawa belt (~80 km) suggests decoupling of the slab–mantle wedge interface at this depth. 相似文献
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Implications to garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometry of non-ideal solid solution in jadeitic pyroxenes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peter O. Koons 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1984,88(4):340-347
Garnet-clinopyroxene geothermometry has been applied to numerous rock types from the blueschist and eclogite terrain of the Sesia zone in the Western Alps. Discrepancies in apparent temperatures of up to 600° C have been found suggesting substantial deviation from ideal behaviour of the garnet-clinopyroxene equilibria in certain assemblages. Assemblages containing jadeitic pyroxenes rather than omphacitic or diopsidic pyroxenes yield very low K
D (2.0) values and correspondingly high apparent temperatures (> 1,000° C). The garnets coexisting with high-Na pyroxenes have compositions similar to those coexisting with omphacitic pyroxenes. Departure from ideal behaviour of these garnets is likely to be minor and is accomodated in the formulation of the geothermometer. Numerous examples of coexisting garnet-clinopyroxene pairs indicate that there is no obvious relationship of K
D with jadeite content in pyroxenes with jadeite content less than 70%, but at higher values, K
D varies inversely with the jadeite content. The dependence of K
D upon the jadeite content in the high-Na pyroxenes is believed to be due to the preference of M2 sites for Fe2+ in the enstatite-jadeite substitution (Fe2+MgNa–1Al–1). This substitution is usually very limited and has no demonstrable effect upon X
Fe
Cpx
when the M1 (Fe2++Mg) content of the pyroxenes is high as in omphacitic and diopsidic pyroxenes. However, when the M1 (Fe2++Mg) content is low, as in jadeitic pyroxenes, the non-ideality of the enstatite type exchange has a marked effect on X
Fe
Cpx
and consequently on garnet-clinopyroxene calculations. 相似文献
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随着翡翠价格的不断攀升,市场上可作为仿翡翠的玉石种类也越来越多。利用宝石显微镜、折射仪、静水称重法、红外光谱仪对一批外观与黑色翡翠相似的样品进行测试分析,结果显示,样品外观颜色呈黑色,略带淡绿色,玻璃光泽,放大观察为柱粒状结构,折射率为1．71（点测）,相对密度在3．34～3．42之间变化,红外光谱显示为黝帘石谱峰,初步鉴定其主要矿物组成为黝帘石。进一步通过偏光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射等测试方法研究分析得出,这批具有黑色外观的样品为单一的黝帘石矿物集合体。通过对其颜色、光泽、结构、折射率、密度、红外光谱以及偏光显微镜、XRD测试的对比,可将这种黑色样品与黑色翡翠区分开,并能确认其为黝帘石玉。 相似文献
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与翡翠相似的玉石“不倒翁”的矿物学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对与翡翠相似的玉石“不倒翁”尚无统一的认识。通过对其外表及镜下特征的鉴别、电子探针矿物成分分析、X光粉晶衍射和红外光谱分析等测试研究表明,不倒翁玉石主要矿物成分为含水钙铝榴石,同时有辉石和符山石矿物组成。含水钙铝榴石呈绿色是因含Cr致色元素所致。 相似文献
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Jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists in the Bizan area,Sambagawa metamorphic belt,eastern Shikoku,Japan: significance and extent of eclogite facies metamorphism 
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下载免费PDF全文 Eclogite facies metamorphic rocks have been discovered from the Bizan area of eastern Shikoku, Sambagawa metamorphic belt. The eclogitic jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists occur as lenticular or sheet‐like bodies in the pelitic schist matrix, with the peak mineral assemblage of garnet + glaucophane + jadeite + phengite + quartz. The jadeitic clinopyroxene (XJd 0.46–0.75) is found exclusively as inclusions in porphyroblastic garnet. The eclogite metamorphism is characterized by prograde development from epidote–blueschist to eclogite facies. Metamorphic P–T conditions estimated using pseudosection modelling are 580–600 °C and 18–20 kbar for eclogite facies. Compared with common mafic eclogites, the jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists have low CaO (4.4–4.5 wt%) and MgO (2.1–2.3 wt%) bulk‐rock compositions. The P–T– pseudosections show that low XCa bulk‐rock compositions favour the appearance of jadeite instead of omphacite under eclogite facies conditions. This is a unique example of low XCa bulk‐rock composition triggered to form jadeite at eclogite facies conditions. Two significant types of eclogitic metamorphism have been distinguished in the Sambagawa metamorphic belt, that is, a low‐T type and subsequent high‐T type eclogitic metamorphic events. The jadeite–garnet glaucophane schists experienced low‐T type eclogite facies metamorphism, and the P–T path is similar to lawsonite‐bearing eclogites recently reported from the Kotsu area in eastern Shikoku. During subduction of the oceanic plate (Izanagi plate), the hangingwall cooled gradually, and the geothermal gradient along the subduction zone progressively decreased and formed low‐T type eclogitic metamorphic rocks. A subsequent warm subduction event associated with an approaching spreading ridge caused the high‐T type eclogitic metamorphism within a single subduction zone. 相似文献
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A new jadeitite jade locality (Sierra del Convento, Cuba): first report and some petrological and archeological implications 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Antonio García-Casco A. Rodríguez Vega J. Cárdenas Párraga M. A. Iturralde-Vinent C. Lázaro I. Blanco Quintero Y. Rojas Agramonte A. Kröner K. Núñez Cambra G. Millán R. L. Torres-Roldán S. Carrasquilla 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,158(1):1-16
A new jadeitite jade locality has been discovered in the serpentinite-matrix subduction mélange of the Sierra del Convento
(eastern Cuba) in a context associated with tectonic blocks of garnet-epidote amphibolite, tonalitic–trondhjemitic epidote
gneiss, and blueschist. The mineral assemblages of jadeitite jade and jadeite rocks are varied and include combinations of
jadeite, omphacite, albite, paragonite, analcime, clinozoisite-epidote, apatite, phlogopite, phengite, chlorite, glaucophane,
titanite, rutile, zircon, and quartz formed during various stages in their P–T evolution. Field relationships are obscure,
but some samples made almost exclusively of jadeite show evidence of crystallization from fluid in veins. In one of these
samples studied in detail jadeite shows complex textural and chemical characteristics (including oscillatory zoning) that
denote growth in a changing chemical medium. It is proposed that interaction of an Al–Na rich fluid with ultramafic rocks
produced Al–Na–Mg–Ca fluids of varying composition. Episodic infiltration of these fluids, as a result of episodic opening
of the veins, developed oscillatory zoning by direct precipitation from fluid and after reaction of fluid with pre-existing
jadeite. The latest infiltrating fluids were richer in Mg–Ca, favouring the formation of omphacite and Mg–Ca rich jadeite
in open voids and the replacement of earlier jadeite by fine-grained omphacite + jadeite at 550–560°C. This new occurrence
of jadeite in Cuba opens important perspectives for archeological studies of pre-Columbian jade artifacts in the Caribbean
region. 相似文献
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Hydrogen incorporation is critical for explaining defect energies, structure parameters and other physical characteristics of minerals and understanding mantle dynamics. This work analyzed the hydrogen complex defects in jadeite by the plane-wave pseudo-potential method based on density functional theory, and optimized the atomic positions and lattice constants in all configurations(different defective systems). Incorporation mechanisms considered for hydrogen(H) in jadeite include:(1) hydrogen incorporating with the O2 site oxygen and coexisting with M2 vacancy;(2) one H atom combined with an Al atom replacing Si in tetrahedron;(3) 4H atoms directly replacing Si in tetrahedron and(4) 3H atoms replacing Al on the M1 site. The four incorporation mechanisms mentioned above form the corresponding V_(Na)-H_i, Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i point defects. The molecular dynamics simulation to the ideal, V_(Na)-H_i, Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i point defects under the P-T conditions of 900 K, 2 GPa, the V_(Na)-H_i and Al_(Si)-H_i point defects under different pressures at T = 900 K, and Al_(Si)-H_i point defects under different temperatures at P = 3 GPa was performed to examine the preferential mode of hydrogen incorporation in jadeite by means of first-principles calculations. The calculations show that the averaged O–H bond-length in the hydrogen point defects system decreased in the order of Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Na)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i. V_(Na)-H_i complex defects result in a contraction of the jadeite volume and the presence of Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i defects could increase the supercell volume, which is the most obvious in the V_(Al)-3H_i defects. The energy of formation of Al_(Si)-H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i complex defects was much lower than that of other defect systems. The V_(Al)-3H_i defects system has the lowest energy and the shortest O–H bond-length, suggesting that this system is the most favorable. The analytical results of vacancy formation energy, O–H bondlength, and the stability of the hydrogen defects in jadeite have suggested that the preferred hydration incorporation mode in jadeite is V_(Al)-3H_i complex defect. 相似文献
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钠长石玉是常见翡翠仿品之一,常与辉石类矿物共生形成不同组合的玉石品种.本次检测的样品为新的钠长石玉石品种,实验中采用常规珠宝检测设备、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）及X射线能谱仪（EDS）对样品的矿物组合进行分析.结果表明,样品的主要成分为钠长石与石英,白色部分为较纯净的石英,蓝绿色部分为钠长石,由于石英的质量分数超过了一定的范围,因此定名为石英-钠长石玉.在日常检测中,由不同矿物组成的样品检测及定名要加以注意. 相似文献
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We employed the thin source technique to investigate tracer diffusion of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba in glasses and supercooled melts of albite (NaAlSi3O8) and jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) compositions. The experiments were conducted at 1 bar and at temperatures between 645 and 1025°C. Typical run durations ranged between 30 min and 35 days. The analysis of the diffusion profiles was performed with the electron microprobe. Diffusivities of Ca, Sr, and Ba were found to be independent of either duration t of the experiment or tracer concentration M, initially introduced into the sample. Mg exhibits a diffusivity depending on run time and concentration and tracer diffusivity is derived by extrapolation to M/√t = 0. Temperature dependence of the diffusivity D can be represented by an Arrhenius equation D = Do exp(−Ea/RT), yielding the following least-squares fit parameters (with D in m2/s and Ea in kJ/mol): DMg = 1.8 · 10−5 exp(−234 ± 20/RT), DCa = 3.5 · 10−6 exp(−159 ± 6/RT), DSr = 3.6 · 10−6 exp(−160 ± 6/RT), and DBa = 6.0 · 10−6 exp(−188 ± 12/RT) for albite; and DMg = 8.3 · 10−6 exp(−207 ± 18/RT), DCa = 3.8 · 10−6 exp(−153 ± 4/RT), DSr = 2.3 · 10−6 exp(−150 ± 4/RT), and DBa = 3.7 · 10−5 exp(−198 ± 4/RT) for jadeite composition. Ca and Sr diffusivities agree within error in both compositions and exhibit the fastest diffusivities, whereas Mg reveals the lowest diffusivity. The relationship between activation energy and radius shows a minimum at Ca and Sr for albite and jadeite compositions extending the relationship already observed elsewhere for alkalies. With increasing substitution of Si by (Na + Al), diffusivities increase, whereas activation energies decrease. Furthermore, a simple model modified from that of Anderson and Stuart (Anderson O. L. and Stuart D. A., “Calculation of activation energy of ionic conductivity in silica glasses by classical methods,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.37, 573-580, 1954) is discussed for calculating the activation energies. 相似文献