共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
对地月系统而言, 在很大程度上角动量守恒是正确的. 地月距离的变化主要是受到月球引起的潮汐能量耗散的影响. 根据月球的平均运动和它的长期加速度, 就可以计算出月潮能量耗散的数值. 海洋是潮汐能量耗散的主要区域. 由于潮汐的高度正比于月球对潮汐隆起的万有引力, 由此可导出总的月球潮汐摩擦力正比于月球平均运动的平方. 如果采用月球平均加速度数值-20.72$''\cdot$cy-2, 就可以推算出35亿年来地月之间的距离以及回归年日数和朔望月日数的演化. 此理论结果与古生物钟的数据进行比对, 两者符合较好. 相似文献
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为了模拟位于地月系L2点的中继星"鹊桥"与月球的位置关系,进而估算中继星激光测距的成功率,按照轨道周期约为14天的要求对中继星所在的晕轨道进行计算,建立了一个综合考虑望远镜抖动、大气抖动和预报轨道横向偏离的模型。从数值上给出了一条轨道周期为14. 78天,X方向(地月连线方向)振幅为12 493 km,Y方向为34 596 km,Z方向(垂直于地月轨道平面方向)为11 916 km的周期轨道。由于晕轨道的最小振幅远大于月球遮挡的临界振幅4 000 km,因此月球对中继星不存在遮挡问题。基于建立的测距成功率模型,根据昆明站(国际编号:7820)的激光测距系统对运行在该轨道上的中继星进行测距成功率分析,结果表明:测距成功率随着中继星横向轨道标准差的增大呈快速降低的趋势。对于中继星到测站的平均距离而言,当中继星没有横向偏离时,探测器产生的光电子数为0. 151,成功率为14. 07%;横向偏离2 km时,光电子数降为0. 035,成功率降为3. 46%。对比最近距离与最远距离的情况,无横向偏离的情况下,探测器产生的光电子数从0. 174降为0. 139,成功率从16. 01%降为13. 02%。该计算结果可为云南天文台1. 2 m望远镜实现中继星激光测距提供参考。 相似文献
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以太阳系质心参考系为基础，根据太阳系的质心参考系和非旋转地球质心参考系的坐标转换关系，推导了太阳系天体地面VLBI观测的相对论时间延迟模型，给出了一个通用的解析表达式．根据这一公式可以得到平劲松博士所采用的公式，以及当地心与源的距离无限大时，可得河外射电源VLBI观测的Zhu—Groten模型、Shapiro模型和IERS(92，96)推荐模型．所推导的公式严格解析且无误差，在实际应用中建议采用这一公式．同时详细地讨论了所推导公式的实用范围和各种舍掉项的量级估计，并详细给出了时间延迟理论模型的计算步骤． 相似文献
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中国探月3期任务中,月球交会对接技术是任务成功的重要保障.利用嫦娥3号(CE03)绕月飞行的VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry)时延数据,模拟仿真绕月交会对接过程中,同波束VLBI观测模式下,差分群时延的变化情况.仿真结果显示,在远程导引段,轨道器和上升组合体轨道距离保持100 km,持续半小时,差分群时延很好地反映了两者的轨道信息,可以用于定轨定位;自主控制段,上升组合体靠近轨道器,在轨道距离从5 km减小到20 m过程中,上升组合体加速追赶轨道器时,差分群时延快速趋近于0,上升组合体减速远离轨道器时,差分群时延绝对值快速变大.最后,利用嫦娥3号奔月段同时发射两个DOR (Differential One-Ranging)信号的VLBI时延数据,计算差分相时延,初步展示了月球交会对接过程中同波束VLBI差分相时延的误差情况. 相似文献
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本文详细论述了月球的弹性潮汐形变问题,并根据作者最近用较新的地球和月球模型解算出的地球和月球的勒夫数,计算了地球和月球的弹性潮汐形变。这个结果被用于精密激光测定月-地距离的改正。结果表明,在精密激光测月中,地、月潮汐的影响是不可忽视的。 相似文献
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通过角动量守恒计算,证明了原始星云角动量不足,单纯靠星云自转惯性离心力无法抗衡中心部位星云的吸引力,无法在星云赤道处形成星云盘.原始星云角动量不足,同时星云收缩时径向方向速度不等,内快外慢,结果中心部位星云形成太阳,外部赤道部位星云物质因赶不上内部星云物质收缩而掉队形成星云盘.再由星云盘分裂、掉队形成星云环;星云环形成行星、卫星.对太阳系一些主要特征,作了分析和说明. 相似文献
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在高精度星地激光时间比对中,为了降低星载设备的研制难度,采用了无门控星载激光探测器。根据星地先验钟差、卫星距离和系统延迟量,精确计算地面激光发射时刻,使得激光信号能在星载计时器星钟开门信号之后短时间内到达星载探测器,使星载计时器关门,这样可以大大降低背景噪声影响,获得有效数据。该文研究了精确控制地面激光发射时刻的方法,包括激光发射时刻计算和激光控制器硬件的实现,该方法已在星地激光时间比对在轨试验中得到了成功应用,控制精度在20ns以内,满足了试验的要求。 相似文献
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According to the conservation principle of angular momentum, we calculate in this paper the revolution period and the distance between the Earth and the Moon in the equilibrium state of the tidal evolution in the Earth-Moon system. The difference of energy between the current state and the equilibrium state is used to compute the time needed to fulfil the equilibrium state. Then the long-term variations of the Earth-Moon distance and of the Earth rotation rate are further estimated. 相似文献
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定点在日-地(月)系L1点附近的探测器的发射及维持 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在限制性三体问题中共线平动点附近的运动虽然是不稳定的,但可以是有条件稳定的,该动力学特征使得一些有特殊目的的探测器只需消耗较少的能量即可定点在这些点附近(如ISEE-3、SOHO).以日-地(月)系的L1点为例,根据其附近的运动特征,探讨定点探测器的发射与轨道控制问题,给出了相应的数值模拟结果,为工程上的实现提供理论依据. 相似文献
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We have investigated the resonances in the earth-moon system around the sun including earth’s equatorial ellipticity. The resonance resulting from the commensurability between the mean motion of the moon and Γ (angle measured from the minor axis of the earth’s equatorial ellipse to the projection of the moon on the plane of the equator) is analyzed. The amplitude and the time period of the oscillation have been determined by using the procedure of Brown and Shook. We have shown the effects of Γ on the amplitude and the time period of the resonance oscillation using the data of the moon. It is observed that the amplitude decreases and the time period also decreases as Γ increases from 0° to 45°. 相似文献
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G. A. Krasinsky 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2002,84(1):27-55
Differential equations describing the tidal evolution of the earth's rotation and of the lunar orbital motion are presented in a simple close form. The equations differ in form for orbits fixed to the terrestrial equator and for orbits with the nodes precessing along the ecliptic due to solar perturbations. Analytical considerations show that if the contemporary lunar orbit were equatorial the evolution would develop from an unstable geosynchronous orbit of the period about 4.42 h (in the past) to a stable geosynchronous orbit of the period about 44.8 days (in the future). It is also demonstrated that at the contemporary epoch the orbital plane of the fictitious equatorial moon would be unstable in the Liapunov's sense, being asymptotically stable at early stages of the evolution. Evolution of the currently near-ecliptical lunar orbit and of the terrestrial rotation is traced backward in time by numerical integration of the evolutional equations. It is confirmed that about 1.8 billion years ago a critical phase of the evolution took place when the equatorial inclination of the moon reached small values and the moon was in a near vicinity of the earth. Before the critical epoch t
cr
two types of the evolution are possible, which at present cannot be unambiguously distinguished with the help of the purely dynamical considerations. In the scenario that seems to be the most realistic from the physical point of view, the evolution also has started from a geosynchronous equatorial lunar orbit of the period 4.19 h. At t < t
cr
the lunar orbit has been fixed to the precessing terrestrial equator by strong perturbations from the earth's flattening and by tidal effects; at the critical epoch the solar perturbations begin to dominate and transfer the moon to its contemporary near-ecliptical orbit which evolves now to the stable geosynchronous state. Probably this scenario is in favour of the Darwin's hypothesis about originating the moon by its separation from the earth. Too much short time scale of the evolution in this model might be enlarged if the dissipative Q factor had somewhat larger values in the past than in the present epoch. Values of the length of day and the length of month, estimated from paleontological data, are confronted with the results of the developed model. 相似文献
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Calculation of meteoroid impacts on moon and earth 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Concise derivations are given for the expected flux of meteoroids to the surfaces of the earth and the moon. Contrary to other published results, we find an accretion rate which is lower for the near side of the moon than for the far side and which is lower for the moon than for the earth, for all earth-moon distances. 相似文献
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A star will become brighter and brighter with stellar evolution, and the distance of its habitable zone will become larger
and larger. Some planets outside the habitable zone of a host star during the main sequence phase may enter the habitable
zone of the host star during other evolutionary phases. A terrestrial planet within the habitable zone of its host star is
generally thought to be suitable for the existence of life. Furthermore, a rocky moon around a giant planet may be also suitable
for life to survive, provided that the planet–moon system is within the habitable zone of its host star. Using Eggleton’s
code and the boundary flux of the habitable zone, we calculate the habitable zone of our Solar system after the main sequence
phase. It is found that Mars’ orbit and Jupiter’s orbit will enter the habitable zone of the Solar system during the subgiant
branch phase and the red giant branch phase, respectively. And the orbit of Saturn will enter the habitable zone of Solar
during the He-burning phase for about 137 million years. Life is unlikely at any time on Saturn, as it is a giant gaseous
planet. However, Titan, the rocky moon of Saturn, may be suitable for biological evolution and become another Earth during
that time. For low-mass stars, there are similar habitable zones during the He-burning phase as our Solar, because there are
similar core masses and luminosities for these stars during that phase. 相似文献
19.
A.W. Harris 《Icarus》1978,34(1):128-145
The satellite formation model of Harris and Kaula (Icarus24, 516–524, 1975) is extended to include evolution of planetary ring material and elliptic orbital motion. This model is more satisfactory than the previous one in that the formation of the moon begins at a later time in the growth of the earth, and that a significant fraction of the lunar material is processed through a circumterrestrial debris cloud where volatiles might have been lost. Thus the chemical differences between the earth and moon are more plausibly accounted for. Satellites of the outer planets probably formed in large numbers throughout the growth of those planets. Because of rapid inward evolution of the orbits of small satellites, the present satellite systems represent only satellites formed in the last few percent of the growths of their primaries. The rings of Saturn and Uranus are most plausibly explained as the debris of satellites disrupted within the Roche limit. Because such a ring would collapse onto the planet in the course of any significant further accretion by the planet, the rings must have formed very near or even after the conclusion of accretion. 相似文献
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In 1918, J. Lense and H. Thirring calculated that a moon in orbit around a massive rotating planet would experience a nodal dragging effect due to general relativity. We describe an experiment to measure this effect by means of two counter-orbiting drag-free satellites in polar orbit about the earth. For a 2 1/2 year experiment, the measurement should approach an accuracy of 1%. An independent measurement of the geodetic precession of the orbit plane due to the motion about the sun may also be possible to about 10% accuracy. In addition to precision tracking data from existing ground stations, satellite-to-satellite Doppler data are taken at points of passing near the poles to yield an accurate measurement of the separation distance between the two satellites. New geophysical information on both earth harmonics and tidal effects is inherent in this polar ranging data.Work supported partially by NASA Grant No. NGR 05-020-019 through the Marshall Space Flight Center and by NASA Contract No. 5-21960 through the Goddard Space Flight Center. 相似文献