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《上海国土资源》2012,33(1):1-8
2012年1月10日,中国土地学会顾问（原副理事长兼学术委员会主任）、南京农业大学土地管理学院王万茂教授,接受了《上海国土资源》期刊的专访。王教授介绍了国内外土地规划理论与实践的发展与最新动向,指出土地规划的本质与特征,强调须结合国情编制具有指导性和切实可行的土地利用总体规划;结合城市土地利用总体规划与城市总体规划的＂两规合一＂工作,指出必须注重两者的共性与差异,在基础数据方面尤其应该实现统一;土地利用规划调整优化与具体实施,应同时考虑土地的数量与质量,并须合理保障环境生态的用地需求;应当加强土地规划中不确定性研究;土地利用规划的未来发展应体现社会化、生态化、信息化、计量化、综合化,以更好地发挥作用和实效。 相似文献
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This paper presents a method for transforming the information of an engineering geological map into useful information for
non-specialists involved in land-use planning. The method consists of classifying the engineering geological units in terms
of land use capability and identifying the legal and the geologic restrictions that apply in the study area. Both informations
are then superimposed over the land use and a conflict areas map is created. The analysis of these data leads to the identification
of existing and forthcoming land use conflicts and enables the proposal of planning measures on a regional and local scale.
The map for the regional planning was compiled at a 1:50,000 scale and encompasses the whole municipal land area where uses
are mainly rural. The map for the local planning was compiled at a 1:10,000 scale and encompasses the urban area. Most of
the classification and operations on maps used spatial analyst tools available in the Geographical Information System. The
regional studies showed that the greater part of Analandia’s territory presents appropriate land uses. The local-scale studies
indicate that the majority of the densely occupied urban areas are in suitable land. Although the situation is in general
positive, municipal policies should address the identified and expected land use conflicts, so that it can be further improved. 相似文献
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谭周地 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(3)
本文从强调研究地质环境～工程设施系统的协调稳定性出发,建议在研究、分析地质环境对城市建设的适宜性和适应性基础上,以城市工程地质环境稳定性作为其质量评价指标。而城市工程地质环境稳定性可由研究、分析地壳稳定性,地面稳定性和地基稳定性等综合进行评定。文中初步提出了地壳、地面及地基稳定性级别划分的原则和标准,也提出了城市工程地质环境稳定性的简单判别式,并附一实例。该方法对地震区城市工程地质环境区划和城市建设规划将有实用意义。 相似文献
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从上海城市建筑密度看城市用地效率与生态环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
建筑密度是城市规划的定额指标之一,也间接反映出城市用地效率,同时又和城市生态环境的保护密不可分。从上海地区的建筑密度现状分析,了解建筑密度同城市用地效率和生态环境保护之间是密切相关的,在借鉴国外城市用地规划方面,上海应加强政策调控与科学规划,最后提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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从城市地学资料入手, 详细研究了西安市的地质环境主题, 采用了相应的模型, 对土地工程能力进行了综合评价, 为制定城市土地利用工程控制措施提供了科学依据. 相似文献
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Classification and Extraction of Urban Land-Use Information from High-Resolution Image Based on Object Multi-features 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
INTRODUCTIONWith the rapid development of industrialization,urbanization,andinformation technology ,as well asthe practice of “digital city”and “digital earth”( Gore , 1998) , many administrators and decision-makers are realizing the i mportance of high-resolution i mage information to urban planning andmanagement . Especially in recent years , with thefast development of remote sensing technology ,remote sensing data can be obtained that are complementaryin spatial andti me resolution… 相似文献
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城区土地级别和基准地价是城市土地利用情况的反映,它客观地揭示了城区内不同区段土地使用价值及变化规律,是政府宏观调控土地市场、科学合理配置土地资产的有效手段。随着枣庄市市中区经济建设发展和城市规划的实施,城市基础设施不断完善,带动了城市房地产市场健康发展和土地使用权价格稳定上涨。该文通过对枣庄市市中区新一轮基准地价更新成果的详细分析,探讨了基准地价更新成果在城市经济发展中的应用。 相似文献
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＂两规合一＂要求在严格落实国家对基本农田保护和管控的前提下,在区级土地利用总体规划中,充分发挥基本农田的生产生态功能,优先保护具有较高粮食生产能力的耕地,并强化区域生态结构控制,因地制宜地分解落实规划指标;在镇级土地利用总体规划层面,应当充分发挥基本农田的阻隔功能,利用基本农田刚性的控制手段,阻挡建设用地无序蔓延,有效保护现状耕地,从而形成最佳的粮食生产区域和最优的生态空间。本文以上海市嘉定区为例,全面阐述了在＂两规合一＂要求下,本轮土地利用总体规划中基本农田保护区、保护指标和保护图斑的规划方案,实现了区、镇两级基本农田在功能、布局和数量的协调和统一,为大都市基本农田规划的理论和实证研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Applications of GIS to urban planning and management: Problems facing Japanese local governments 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Hiroyuki Kohsaka 《GeoJournal》2000,52(3):271-280
Japanese local governments consist of about 3,380 municipalities in 2000. The total survey undertaken in 1997 says that GIS
was implemented in 455 (14.3%) out of 3,182 municipalities that answered to the survey. This paper considers GIS utilization,
especially focusing on urban planning and management in Japanese local government. Typical GIS applications in the urban planning
and management are divided into three businesses: inquiry on the content of urban plan decision, register management, and
planning. The most successful GIS application in the local government is an inquiry system on the content of urban plan decision.
‘Mappy’, Urban Plan Information Inquiry System developed by Yokohama City, is introduced as an example. The register management
treats the registers for urban planned road, urban park, and urban open space, and the receipt book for development permission
application. GIS can systematize their management based on maps. District diagnosis system using GIS performed two analyses
in Ichikawa City. One is the calculation of area and ratio for land-use. The other is the measurement of land-use purity.
GIS can calculate the degree of purity (namely occupancy rate) of specified land-use in the land-use zoning system. Most of
Japanese local governments implement GIS and obtain moderate results. However, it is reported that some municipalities that
paid huge amount of budget to implement GIS hardly used them. The final section will consider various issues in the use of
administrative GIS.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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地质环境问题是影响城市国土空间安全开发利用的重要因素,在城市规划开发阶段开展地质环境综合评价可有效控制地质灾害风险。锦州市规划区尚处于开发前期,本文基于该规划区的地质条件和开发需求,构建了地质环境安全评价指标和评价方法体系,基于主导因素综合法开展了地质环境安全综合评价。根据评价结果,锦州市规划区地质环境安全程度可划分为3级,空间分布上以相对安全区为主,其次为次不安全区和安全区。按照空间位置和区域构造稳定性、地质灾害易发性等不同成因划分为23个亚区,并指出了每个亚区安全程度主要影响因素。该评价结果反映了锦州市规划区的地质环境安全程度,确定了影响地质环境安全问题的关键因素,有助于规避该区国土空间规划开发可能面临的地质灾害风险。 相似文献
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A geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning often requires a large amount of spatial information. Geographic information systems (GIS) are capable of managing large amounts of spatially related information, providing the ability to integrate multiple layers of information and to derive additional information. A GIS-aid to the geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning is illustrated for the urban area of Lanzhou City and its vicinity in Northwest China. This evaluation incorporates topography, surficial and bedrock geology, groundwater conditions, and historic geologic hazards. Urban land-use is categorized according to the types of land-use and projects planned, such as high-rise building, multi-storey building, low-rise building, waste disposal, and natural conservation. Multi-criteria analysis is performed to evaluate development suitability of the geo-environment for each category, according to appropriately measured and weighted factors. A suitability map for each category is developed using an algorithm that combines factors in weighted linear combinations. It is demonstrated that the GIS methodology has high functionality for geo-environmental assessment. 相似文献
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采用土地利用动态度分析方法和GIS技术,通过建立土地利用空间数据库,构建土地利用时空变化模型,分析上一轮规划以来邹平县土地利用时空变化特征及驱动力。研究结果表明,从1996到2005年近10年间,邹平县土地利用／覆被变化明显。其中耕地和未利用地面积减少量最大,耕地面积逐年减少的主导原因为城镇工矿及交通水利等建设用地的逐年增加,这与邹平县城镇化水平不断提高及经济快速发展密不可分,而城镇工矿用地与GDP、非农业人口存在很强的线性相关关系;未利用转出地类主要为农用地,这一定程度上缓减了因建设占用农用地所引发的农用地规模不断下降的压力。 相似文献
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It is axiomatically true that urbanization in India's metropolises and large cities has been exacerbated since the beginning of the millennium, consuming the natural and semi-natural ecosystem on the outskirts of the city, resulting in a zone with a distinct climate known as urban climate. Such a climate—the result of a built-up environment is distinctly different from the natural climate as the paved surface and concrete skyscrapers not only destroy the natural ecosystem, it peculiarly induce a different kind of insolation, cooling and air drainage were lacking in green space, water bodies and open space cannot accommodate with environmental rhythm properly, resulting into the accumulation of heat, ecological derangement of subsurface soil which can easily be predicted by GIS analysis. This paper is an attempt to measure urban growth and its impact on the environment in the metropolitan city Kolkata. The use of satellite data and GIS techniques to detect urban expansion is a highly scientific strategy. Using geospatial techniques, the current study attempts to examine major urban changes in Kolkata and its surroundings from 1988 to 2021. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI temporal data are used to identify land-use change through unsupervised classification; Spectral Radiance Model and Split Window Algorithm method are used for identifying land surface temperature change. SRTM DEM (30 m) has been used to identify flood risk zones and several spectral indices like Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index are a further extension for environmental assessment. By all such suitable methods, a clearer change in an urban environment is detected within the period of 33 years (1988–2021). The result shows that the population changes, vegetation cover and built-up area, and accessibility are at a rapid rate. These changes are causing major environmental degradation in the city. The classification result indicates that appropriate land use planning and environmental monitoring are required for the long-term exploitation of these resources.
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Integrating long-term seismic risk changes into improving emergency response and land-use planning: a case study for the Hsinchu City, Taiwan 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Hung-Chih Hung Ming-Chin Ho Yi-Jie Chen Chang-Yi Chian Su-Ying Chen 《Natural Hazards》2013,69(1):491-508
An increasing number of rapidly growing urban areas in Asia are becoming more vulnerable to seismic hazards in their development process. However, local authorities rarely integrate seismic risk into the procedure of emergency and land-use planning. This article explores the question of whether seismic risks for urban areas are increasing or diminishing over time, while trends such as population growth and land development in hazard-prone areas increase the potential for loss in disasters. The net effects of such urbanization factors are examined through the use of simulation models that estimate building inventory and seismic loss changes. Seismic losses are modeled for a comparative analysis under the same hypothetical earthquake events hitting at different points in a city area’s long-term development. A case study of seismic risk assessments is illustrated by the Hsinchu City, Taiwan. Results of a prospective analysis indicate that, for the same seismic events, overall risk is expected to increase due to a forecast 2.9 % growth in building inventory. This increment in loss is largely attributed to a large amount of initial buildings predicted to be developed into commercial and industrial uses. However, the spatial pattern of risk would change slightly; particularly, the southeastern, eastern, and some older core areas would be the most vulnerable and risky both at current and future time periods. The approach here enables city planners to incorporate seismic risk analysis into predisaster emergency and land-use planning to encourage risk-reduction strategies. 相似文献
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以唐山市岩溶地面塌陷区为依托，提出了单因子图迭置分析的岩溶地面塌陷危险区划分原则和方法，编制了相应的软件系统ＫＬＣ，并对唐山市城市岩溶塌陷进行了综合分区评价。以此为基础对岩溶塌陷宏观减灾对策进行了探讨。提出了以防止岩溶塌陷为目的的地下水优化管理方案，使地下水状态在岩溶地面塌陷危险区形成最不利于塌陷产生的水动力状态，以实现全区塌陷危害最小的目的。 相似文献