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1949—2009年登陆和影响浙江的热带气旋分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对1949—2009年61年间登陆和影响浙江的热带气旋的时空分布特征、主要影响路径等的分析,发现在7—9月份登陆浙江的热带气旋占登陆总数的92.5%,7—9月份影响浙江的热带气旋占影响总数的82%。影响浙江的热带气旋中登陆福建或在台湾海峡消失的热带气旋占的比重最多。虽然西北太平洋上热带气旋生成个数近年来大幅减少,但登陆浙江的强台风有明显增多的趋势。随着气候的变暖,海水温度的增高,热带气旋生成的时间提早,结束的时间偏迟。另外通过对热带气旋影响时各海岛、沿海和内陆站的大风、暴雨的分析,发现热带气旋影响期间容易引起大风天气的是大陈和嵊山站;容易引起暴雨天气的是温岭、临海和温州站。本文还分析了验潮站最大增水超过1m、2m、3m的时空分布特征。 相似文献
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影响华南沿海的热带气旋分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用１９４９－１９９８年《台风年鉴》和气候与水文资料,对华南沿海的热带气旋作了统计分析,结果表明：登陆华南沿海的热带气旋是厄尔尼诺年较反厄尔尼诺年少,近期厄尔尼诺过程对 旋活动影响尤为明显。登陆各少区热带气旋的年际变化存在明显差异,月际变化是登陆的高峰月份较一致。登陆个数提广东省居多,广西区最少,登陆岸区较集中。影响华南沿海海区的台风,东部海区明显地少于西部海区。５０ａ间,我国台风最大风速和最大增 相似文献
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利用东京台风中心提供的1971—2020年的西北太平洋热带气旋资料,对南海生成热带气旋的发生频数、发生源地、强度和持续时间、移动路径以及大风分布特征进行统计分析。结果表明：南海热带气旋主要生成于5—12月,其中6—9月为盛行期,约有70%的热带气旋生成;热带气旋生成位置季节变化明显,6—9月多生成于南海北部17°N附近,11月—次年4月多生成于14°N以南的南海南部,5月和10月为季节转换期,生成位置大幅北进或南撤;热带气旋中心最低气压为940～1 004 hPa,平均值为985.4 hPa,近中心最大风速为35～85 kt,平均值为48.3 kt,平均持续天数为6.2 d;热带气旋移动路径以西移和西北移路径居多,各月都有发生,其次为东北移路径,主要发生在5—6月;近90%的南海热带气旋10级以上大风以中心呈对称分布,大风圈平均半径为53.2 n mile,在7级以上大风中以中心呈对称分布的略多于不对称分布的,7级大风圈的平均半径为142.3 n mile。 相似文献
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根据广东省,海南岛及香港特区１４个气象站多年的热带气旋过程实测极大风速与最大风速资料,分析热带气旋影响时阵风因子与下垫面的关系,统计沿海阵风因子的分布与变化概况,对工程设计上的阵风因子取值提出建设性意见。 相似文献
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热带气旋-海洋的相互作用对南海一个强热带气旋过程影响的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用中尺度海-气耦合模式MCM v1.0对南海强热带气旋“黄蜂”(No.0214)进行了数值模拟试验,并就热带气旋-海洋的相互作用对热带气旋的影响进行了定量分析。结果表明,耦合试验中热带气旋后期路径有显著改善,36h和48h路径误差分别减小22km和110km,登陆点位置误差减小22km;气旋强度与非耦合结果基本一致,36—48h气旋强度减弱得更快;热带气旋中心大风区地面风速增大1—3m.s-1,眼区附近风速减小2—5m.s-1;近地层(取925hPa)气温降低1℃以上,且气温降温区与较大的SST下降区域大致吻合;改进了热带气旋暴雨的落区及降水强度,且主要落区误差的修正位于热带气旋移动路径的右侧并同主要的SST降温区相关;热带气旋-海洋相互作用通过SST下降减少向上的热通量,潜热通量的减少对SST的下降更敏感。 相似文献
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登陆或经过广西沿海的热带气旋是一种严重的自然灾害,每年热带气旋所伴随的大风、大雨、风暴潮等灾害造成沿海地区严重的财产损失或人员伤亡。通过对1950~2012年影响广西沿海的热带气旋的统计分析发现,影响广西沿海的热带气旋数量年际变化明显,最多的年份达9个,最少的年份为0个;热带气旋季节分布具有明显规律性,每年的7、8、9三个月为影响高峰月,其次为6、10月;热带气旋从菲律宾以东洋面进入南海后穿过海南省和雷州半岛再次登陆广西沿海的次数最多,该类热带气旋引起的风暴增水平均值为111.2 cm,到达非登陆台风增水的2.6倍。风暴潮灾害的形成与强台风天气系统、全日大潮、河流下泄洪水直接有关。强台风产生巨浪及降雨,使入海河口水位上升,与风暴潮叠加后产生明显的增水,造成巨大的潮灾。 相似文献
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本文利用1949～2008年西北太平洋热带气旋资料、影响中国和福建的热带气旋资料,采用小波分析等统计方法分析近60年来西北太平洋生成的热带气旋及影响中国和福建的热带气旋变化情况,得出如下结论:(1)近60年来西太生成热带气旋在20世纪70年代以前有一个6～7年左右的振荡周期,以后周期变为4～5年;(2)登陆我国热带气旋有一个10年左右的振荡周期,在一年中呈正态分布,以8月份最多;(3)登陆福建后的热带气旋移动路径与登陆前一致出现的频数最多,其次为路径转向右折,登陆后转向左折出现的频数最少;(4)影响福建的热带气旋有一个4～5年的周期,影响频数在地域上表现为从南往北逐次减少的特征;(5)20世纪90年代以来登陆我国的初旋日期呈现一个偏晚的趋势,终旋日期的年际变化不明显,而登陆福建的初、终旋日期年际变化不明显,但登陆福建初、终旋日期时间间隔近几年有一个偏短的趋势。 相似文献
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The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
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We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
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We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
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Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
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The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献
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E. L. Vinogradova 《Oceanology》2008,48(4):483-492
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers. 相似文献
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I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1... 相似文献