共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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昆明市地面沉降发展过程及其特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用1979－1998年昆明市地面沉降监测资料分析昆明市南部地区，即二环南路以南地区大面积地面沉降。该地区形成两个明显的漏斗形沉降区，一个是以小板桥为中心的沉降区，其中在朱家村、巫家坝机场、广卫村、小喜村、六甲、官渡等地较为明显，在沉降中心（小板桥）沉降量达227．5mm(1985-1998年），平均下沉速率在17mm/a左右，最大达30.00mm/a；另一个沉降中心在海埂以北的河尾村、渔户村一逞地区，没降中心的沉降量达100．4mm(1993-1997年），下沉速度达到25．1mm/a。对昆明市地面沉降现象与古滇池松软的湖相沉积、局部地区的地下水资源长期超采以及该地区强震活动的因果关系进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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为研究盾构隧道下穿地下建筑物时的地表沉降特征和地层沉降规律,对沈阳地铁1号线某区间盾构隧道下穿地下结构引起的地层沉降进行了理论分析、数值模拟和工程监测。结果表明：盾构机从不同方向接近地下框架结构端墙的下方时,端墙下方土体出现较大的位移,因此端墙下方土体需加固;盾构机在独立基础下方掘进时,提高同步注浆压力和增加注浆量对减小地表沉降的作用不明显;地下框架结构对土层的约束作用使盾构隧道施工引起的地表最大沉降值减小,沉降槽宽度系数增大,曲线更平缓;忽略地下框架结构刚度的地表沉降数值分析结果与地表位移监测数据接近,可用于指导工程实践。 相似文献
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结合深圳地铁2号线盾构过富水砂层施工实际,考虑流-固藕合水土本构关系,用FLAC3D软件建立了盾构施工数值分析模型。计算结果与工程实测数据对比验证了数值模型的合理性。进一步研究了盾构过富水砂层对地表不同位置建筑的影响:建筑物基础在隧道正上方时产生沉降最大且较均匀,水平位移最小;盾构机开挖下穿时建筑物差异沉降最大,建筑物倾向盾构开挖方向;建筑物基础横向上离隧道中心一倍隧道埋深时,建筑物水平移动最大,易受剪切破坏,倾向垂直盾构开挖方向,周边地表沉降差最大;建筑物离隧道中心横向距离超过两倍隧道埋深时,盾构开挖对建筑物基础沉降的影响较小,建筑物沉降与其周边地表沉降较均匀。 相似文献
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城市轨道交通建设和运营造成的地铁沿线及周边区域的地表沉降,给地铁的安全运营带来极大的隐患,甚至造成严重的经济损失和不良的社会影响.本文以西安市地铁沿线地面形变现象为研究对象,利用覆盖西安市2017—2021年的44景Sentinel-1A影像数据,采用SBAS-InSAR方法获取地铁网络沿线的地表形变信息,并基于SVR模型和LSTM模型对典型地铁站点地面沉降进行预测分析.研究发现：(1)西安市地铁沿线呈现不同程度的地表形变现象,抬升区域主要集中在鱼化寨地区、电子城地区、西安城墙的南部,抬升速率最大为25 mm/a;(2) 2号线的南部、5号线的东西两段以及9号线的东段是沉降发生的主要路段,且5号线沿线整体不均匀沉降现象较为严重,最大沉降速率为32 mm/a,最大累积沉降量达130 mm;(3)通过不同预测模型实验对比,发现LSTM模型精度较高,预测结果显示2、5、9号线典型沉降区域未来四个月以每月约2.3 mm的最大速率继续沉降,需对典型沉降段进行持续监测． 相似文献
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InSAR与概率积分法联合的矿区地表沉降精细化监测方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
结合InSAR与概率积分法的优势,提出一种InSAR和概率积分法联合进行矿区地表沉降的精细化监测方法.该方法首先计算InSAR时序累积沉降盆地,进而建立判别大梯度形变的约束条件,区分沉降边缘与沉降中心.对于形变较小的沉降边缘,保留InSAR结果,而对于大梯度沉降中心,则结合InSAR与概率积分模型建立矿区工作面的沉降盆地,并通过空间插值,获取地理坐标系下连续的地表沉降信息,最终得到完整的矿区地表沉降结果.论文以山东某矿区为研究区域,采用2016年10月16日 2018年3月4日期间的21景SAR影像和工作面水准实测数据对该方法的可行性和精度进行了验证.结果 表明,该方法能够在减少水准监测工作量的前提下,获得与实际情况相吻合的沉降结果,其监测能力明显优于常规InSAR和概率积分法,可有效弥补两种技术单独在矿区地表沉降监测中的不足,获取更为准确、可靠的矿区地表沉降信息. 相似文献
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湖泊水体中HCHs沉降通量及其与浮游植物间响应关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于2006年跨春夏秋三季对一封闭的小型湖泊水体中颗粒物的沉降通量和浮游植物生物量进行了采样调查,测定了沉降颗粒物中的TOC含量和六六六（HcHs）含量。结果表明,湖水中浮游植物在春末以及秋季密度较大,浮游植物密度、叶绿素含量和总悬浮颗粒物浓度总体变化趋势基本一致,说明水体总悬浮颗粒物浓度与浮游植物生物量密切相关;春季颗粒物沉降通量较大,且与总悬浮颗粒物浓度和叶绿素含量之间存在一定的滞后性,夏季和秋季颗粒物沉降通量保持在一个较低水平;HCHs的沉降通量呈现春季较大的现象,与颗粒TOC沉降通量变化趋势相一致,表明HCHs的沉降主要受颗粒TOC沉降通量的控制。 相似文献
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通过实际和模拟例子讨论了缓慢沉降地区的监测资料数据处理问题，指出逐级平差方法有可能民沉降量估计偏差过大；在地面沉降较为缓慢时，这种偏差甚至会导致对地面沉降的错误结论。最后提出了改进方法。 相似文献
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Settlement of surface structures, which is particularly a private house, due to subsoil liquefaction is not a new issue in geotechnical engineering. It has been happening during earthquakes in liquefaction-prone areas since many years ago. However, to date no reliable measure against this problem with reasonable cost has been proposed to people. In this paper, results of a series of 1-g shaking table tests which have been conducted to evaluate performance of a possible mitigation against this problem are presented. The proposed mitigation herein is installation of sheet-pile walls around the foundation. In order to reduce the cost of mitigation, sheet-piling with gap and half-length sheet-piling were examined. The experiments were conducted in different ground water levels. It is found out that installing sheet-pile walls in relatively low ground water level can stop settlement of structures completely. Sheet-piling with gaps delays initiation of settlement but it may increase the ultimate settlement of structure. In addition, it is found that formation of a water film under the building׳s foundation is the governing mechanism of post-shaking settlement of structures. 相似文献
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Sivapalan Gajan Bruce L. Kutter Justin D. Phalen Tara C. Hutchinson Geoff R. Martin 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2005,25(7-10):773-783
Shallow foundations supporting building structures might be loaded well into their nonlinear range during intense earthquake loading. The nonlinearity of the soil may act as an energy dissipation mechanism, potentially reducing shaking demands exerted on the building. This nonlinearity, however, may result in permanent deformations that also cause damage to the building. Five series of tests on a large centrifuge, including 40 models of shear wall footings, were performed to study the nonlinear load-deformation characteristics during cyclic and earthquake loading. Footing dimensions, depth of embedment, wall weight, initial static vertical factor of safety, soil density, and soil type (dry sand and saturated clay) were systematically varied. The moment capacity was not observed to degrade with cycling, but due to the deformed shape of the footing–soil interface and uplift associated with large rotations, stiffness degradation was observed. Permanent deformations beneath the footing continue to accumulate with the number of cycles of loading, though the rate of accumulation of settlement decreases as the footing embeds itself. 相似文献
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核电工程从预可行性研究到正式施工设计,往往有一个很长的周期。以泰山核电二期工程建设项目为例,地震动参数确定是在十多年前完成的,因此其设计地震动参数的校核工作应当在吸收这十多年来我国在活动构造识别、地震活动的不均匀性处理、地震区带划分、潜在震源区的识别和参数确定、地震动衰减等方面的最新研究成果的基础上进行。研究结果表明,新增的地震地质资料进一步补充了原工作报告对地震地质研究的结论,地震的活动特征则没有发生根本变化;工作区内破坏性地震的平均震源深度约为12km,与全国平均震源深度（约为15km）有差别。在对工作区地震地质、地震活动背景最新研究的基础上,考虑本地区有代表性的不同潜在震源区的划分方案,分别采用对应的地震动参数衰减关系进行地震危险性概率分析计算,校核后综合确定秦山核电二期扩建工程厂址的极限安全地震动SL-2为0．15g,这与1990年的结论一致。本文提出的核电扩建工程地震动参数校核工作的技术路线,可供类似的重大工程地震动参数校核参考。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTPower plants often use river waters for cooling purposes and can be sensitive to droughts and low flows. Water quality is also a concern, due to algal blooms and sediment loads that might clog filters. We assessed the impacts of droughts on river flow and water quality from the point of view of power plant operation. The INCA (INtegrated CAtchment) water quality model was coupled with a climate model to create a dataset of flow and water quality time series, using the River Trent (UK) as a case study. The result hints to a significant decrease in flows and an increase in phosphorus concentrations, potentially enhancing algal production. Power plants should expect more stress in the future based on the results of this study, due to reduced cooling water availability and decreasing upstream water quality. This issue might have serious consequences also on the whole national power network. 相似文献
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A case study is presented of the interaction between the bending due to laterally spreading forces and axial-load induced settlement on the piled foundations of the Kandla Port and Customs Tower located in Kandla Port, India, during the 2001 Bhuj earthquake. The 22 m tall tower had an eccentric mass at the roof and was supported on a piled-raft foundation that considerably tilted away as was observed in the aftermath of the earthquake. The soil at the site consists of 10 m of clay overlaid by a 12 m deep sandy soil layer. Post-earthquake investigation revealed the following: (a) liquefaction of the deep sandy soil strata below the clay layer; (b) settlement of the ground in the vicinity of the building; (c) lateral spreading of the nearby ground towards the sea front. The foundation of the tower consists of 0.5 m thick concrete mat and 32 piles. The piles are 18 m long and therefore passes through 10 m of clayey soil and rested on liquefiable soils. Conventional analysis of a single pile or a pile group, without considering the raft foundation would predict a severe tilting and/or settlement of the tower eventually leading to a complete collapse. It has been concluded that the foundation mat over the non-liquefied crust shared a considerable amount of load of the superstructure and resisted the complete collapse of the building. 相似文献
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One of the challenges faced by the engineering profession is to meet the energy requirement of an increasingly prosperous world. Nuclear power was considered as a reliable option until the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) disaster which eroded the public confidence. This short paper shows that offshore wind turbines (due to its shape and form, i.e. heavy rotating mass resting at the top of a tall tower) have long natural vibration periods (>3.0 s) and are less susceptible to earthquake dynamics. The performance of near-shore wind turbines structures during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake is reviewed. It has been observed that they performed well. As NPPs are often sited close to the sea, it is proposed that a small wind farm capable of supplying emergency backup power along with a NPP can be a better safety system (robust and resilient system) in avoiding cascading failures and catastrophic consequences. 相似文献
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以一多层框架结构停车场的地基基础为研究对象,分析其在将来可能发生大地震中的动力特性。除地基可能出现的液化,还包括地震中的瞬时沉降及地震后地基长期固结沉降,尤其是不均匀沉降。采用水土耦合2维有限元分析法,对研究领域的地基基础及上部结构进行整体建模。计算中采用的地震波为一三连动人工地震波,最大加速度为182gal,主震持续150s。为比较不同的基础形式对地基液化和沉降的影响,对采用长桩和密集型短柱两种基础形式做分析比较。有限元计算中,采用能反映其地层土交变移动特性的弹塑性本构模型来描述土的动力学特性,桩基础和上部框架结构采用梁单元模型,密集型短柱基础采用弹性单元模型。结果表明,除地震中地基的液化,震后随着超孔隙水压的消散,地基基础长期不均匀沉降也是不可忽略的重要问题。 相似文献
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通过基坑开挖的变形测量实例,观测到基坑开挖时坡后土体的沉降和水平位移具有相关性,可以由实测的土体水平位移推算坡后不同深度土层的沉降量,并分别从土体沉降量和沉降曲线的斜率两种特性来确定基坑开挖在坡后土体中产生形变的范围。在判断影响范围时,单纯以建筑物距基坑距离与基坑深度的比值b/H来确定不够准确,应同时考虑基础埋深和沉降分布曲线的形状。 相似文献