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1.
The only Iberian lower Jurassic paleomagnetic pole come from the “Central Atlantic Magmatic Province”-related Messejana Plasencia dyke, but the age and origin of its remanence have been a matter of discussion. With the aim of solving this uncertainty, and to go further into a better understanding of its emplacement and other possible tectonic features, a systematic paleomagnetic investigation of 40 sites (625 specimens) distributed all along the 530 km of the Messejana Plasencia dyke has been carried out. Rock magnetic experiments indicate PSD low Ti-titanomagnetite and magnetite as the minerals carrying the NRM. The samples were mostly thermally demagnetized. Most sites exhibit a characteristic remanent component of normal polarity with the exception of two sites, where samples with reversed polarities have been observed. The paleomagnetic pole derived from a total of 35 valid sites is representative of the whole structure of the dyke, and statistically well defined, with values of PLa = 70.4°N, PLo = 237.6°E, K = 47.9 and A95 = 3.5°. Paleomagnetic data indicates that: (i) there is no evidence of a Cretaceous remagnetization in the dyke, as it was suggested; (ii) most of the dyke had a brief emplacement time; furthermore, two dyke intrusion events separated in time from it by at least 10,000 y have been detected; (iii) the high grouping of the VGPs directions suggests no important tectonic perturbations of the whole structure of the dyke since its intrusion time; (iv) the pole derived from this study is a good quality lower Jurassic paleopole for the Iberian plate; and (v) the Messejana Plasencia dyke paleopole for the Iberian plate is also in agreement with quality-selected European and North American lower Jurassic paleopoles and the magnetic anomalies data sets that are available for rotate them to Iberia.  相似文献   

2.
The results of our new paleomagnetic investigations on 21 sites in the Cévennes and Lure regions as well as previous studies demonstrate that all Mesozoic marly limestones of SE France exhibit similar paleomagnetic behavior with remagnetization disputed in age. The studied areas have the particularity to have been folded before (Late Eocene), the Alpine folding (Oligo–Miocene). Samples (201 marly limestones) dated from Lower Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous have been demagnetized by thermal treatment. They all present a well-defined component with a normal polarity which was mostly obtained between 200 and 350 °C. Numerous arguments lead from pretectonic to syntectonic widespread remagnetization related to orogenic fluid circulation affecting the whole basin. An Eocene age (between 35 and 40 Ma) is obtained for this remagnetization thanks both to the comparison of the average inclination of all regional paleomagnetic studies (+54.9°/−1.5°) with the expected paleomagnetic inclination and the syntectonic character of remagnetization.  相似文献   

3.
The analysis of paleomagnetic data available for the southern Primiorye region revealed that the studied objects were magnetized under regional remagnetization presumably during the Late Mesozoic folding and this magnetization can be interpreted as being synfolding. The interpretation is based on the parameter that characterizes the folding completion degree immediately before regional remagnetization. It is shown that the relaxation of Late Mesozoic horizontal stresses was irregular. The obtained estimates of the degree of folding completion are consistent with the available geological data and Talitskii’s model for tectonic deformations.  相似文献   

4.
A detailed rock magnetic and paleomagnetic study was performed on samples from the Neoproterozoic Itajaí Basin in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in order to better constrain the paleogeographic evolution of the Rio de la Plata craton between 600 and 550 Ma. However, rock magnetic properties typical of remagnetized rocks and negative response in the fold test indicated that these rocks carried a secondary chemical remanent magnetization. After detailed AF and thermal cleaning, almost all samples showed a normal polarity characteristic remanent magnetization component close to the present geomagnetic field. The main magnetic carriers are magnetite and hematite, probably of authigenic origin. The mean paleomagnetic pole of the Itajaí Basin is located at Plat = − 84°, Plong = 97.5° (A95 = 2°) and overlaps the lower Cretaceous segment of the apparent polar wander path of South America, suggesting a cause and effect with the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. A compilation of remagnetized paleomagnetic poles from South America is presented that highlights the superposition of several large-scale remagnetization events between the Cambrian and the Cretaceous. It is suggested that some paleomagnetic poles used to calibrate the APWP of Gondwana at Precambrian times need to be revised; the indication of remagnetized areas in southern South America may offer some help in the selection of sites for future paleomagnetic investigations in Precambrian rocks.  相似文献   

5.
The paleomagnetism of Upper Cretaceous magmatic rocks from 47 collecting sites (172 samples, 692 specimens) in the Apuseni Mountains was studied. After AF cleaning, characteristic magnetizations were identified for various collecting areas in the study zone, which defined a few spatial and temporal units for which paleomagnetic poles could be derived statistically. At 21 sampling sites the paleomagnetic directions showed a high level of intrasite and intersite consistency, with a mean direction of If = −38° and Df = −100°, with 95 = 6°. The paleomagnetic results show that to reach their present-day position the Apuseni Mountains moved to the north, around 14° with respect to Europe, or around 25° with respect to the geographic poles, between the Campanian and, probably, Late Miocene, while a clockwise rotation, of around 80°, was taking place.  相似文献   

6.
Paleomagnetic investigation in the Deseado Massif, southern Patagonia, suggests that Triassic sedimentary rocks carry a latest Triassic to Jurassic remagnetization and that earliest Jurassic plutonic complexes carry a reversed polarity magnetization of thermoremanent origin. Despite uncertainties in the timing of the observed remanence in the Triassic rocks and the lack of paleohorizontal control on the plutonic complexes, comparison of the derived pole positions with the most reliable Late Triassic–Jurassic apparent polar wander paths indicates that the study areas underwent significant clockwise vertical-axis rotation. In contrast, paleomagnetic results from mid-Cretaceous rocks in the region indicate no rotation. The observed crustal rotations in the Deseado Massif are thus bracketed to have occurred between Jurassic and Early Cretaceous times, documenting southern Patagonian deformation during the breakup of Western Gondwana and then enlarging the regional record of clockwise rotations associated with this event. These results suggest a more complex than previously supposed tectonic evolution of this part of South America.  相似文献   

7.
To verify paleomagnetic proof for megatectonic translation in the Tethys a large collection of samples from a key area, the Bolzano Quartz Porphyry Plateau in the Southern Alps, was examined. Their natural remanent magnetization was analyzed with thermal, and mainly alternating field demagnetization. The result is a well-established paleomagnetic direction of D: 150° and I: −19.5° (95 = 4.9), obtained from 152 samples from 39 sites distributed over 12 volcanic units. It is argued that the inclination of this result is not significantly different from that which can be extrapolated for the Southern Alps from Early Permian paleomagnetic directions of the stable European shield. Consequently it is concluded that a paleomagnetic indication for megatectonic translation of the Southern Alps is virtually absent. But a large counterclockwise deviation of the declination is evident, and is easily explained by a counterclockwise rotation of 50° of the Southern Alps with respect to stable Europe. Since the paleomagnetic direction of the Early Permian volcanics of the Southern Alps fits in reasonably well with the (poorly known) Early Permian paleomagnetic pattern of Africa, a coherence between both regions is presumed.  相似文献   

8.
Since the pioneering studies of Van der Voo [Tectonophysics 7 (1969) 5] and Van der Voo and Boessenkool [J. Geophys. Res. 78 (1973) 5118], paleomagnetism of Permo-Triassic redbeds and volcanics from the Western Pyrenees has furnished important contributions for delineating the Mesozoic boundary between the Iberian and Eurasian plates. In this paper, we present a new paleomagnetic study focussed on Triassic red beds (23 sites) of the Paleozoic Basque Massifs (PBM). The aim of this study is to complement previous studies done in those massifs to better constrain the complex kinematics of the Western Pyrenees. Two stable magnetic components have been isolated: (1) a dual polarity, pre-folding magnetisation carried by specular hematite; and (2) a secondary, normal polarity component also carried by hematite. Our data confirm both the origin and the rotation pattern of the primary remanence described in previous works. Nevertheless, field tests performed on the secondary component do not confirm the earlier interpretations by Schott and Peres [Tectonophysics 156 (1988) 75] as they indicate a synfolding nature of the remagnetisation instead of a post-folding origin. We consider that the secondary component is better explained if a Cretaceous age is considered. The presence of such remagnetisation in the western Pyrenees strengthens the widespread occurrence of similar remagnetisation events reported in northern Iberia in connection with the extensional tectonic events that occurred during Cretaceous times. A comparison of the rotations recorded by the Triassic component and by the remagnetisation indicate that the Paleozoic units underwent variable tectonic rotations before the remagnetisation was acquired, most likely in connection with the counterclockwise rotation of Iberia with respect to Eurasia. These results favour that the Mesozoic plate boundary between the Iberian and Eurasian plates was a wide domain of distributed deformation and therefore contradict previous interpretations claiming for a discrete plate boundary.  相似文献   

9.
三门峡地区黄土L9的重磁化现象及原因探析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文
对黄河三门峡地区曹村黄土剖面L1至L13(年代持续约1.1Ma)的高分辨率古地磁研究发现:布容/松山界线位于第8层古土壤(S8)的顶部,贾拉米洛正极性亚时的顶、底界分别位于S10和L13的顶部,上述古地磁极性转换界线与洛川标准剖面一致。“上粉砂层”(L9)的绝大多数样品特征剩磁方向与现代地磁场方向一致,而其中的弱发育古土壤层(L9SS1)则呈预期的反极性特征。综合L9的厚度、岩性和岩石磁学特征,认为这一巨厚的正极性带可能反映了完全由岩性所控制的重磁化特征。对于L9重磁化的原因,似乎很难用后生的化学剩磁和粘滞剩磁来解释。文章尝试性地提出,可能在L9沉积后的间冰期(对应S8)和布容正极性时内气候较湿润的时期,由于雨水的向下渗透而诱导了其中强磁性矿物(磁铁矿)在沉积后随地磁场方向的变化而进行了重新排列。  相似文献   

10.
Upper mantle material can be sampled from two distinctive suites in the North Pyrenean Zone (NPZ) of the Pyrenees. These occur either as ultramafic tectonic slices in the central and western part of the NPZ, or as discrete xenoliths in alkaline magmas in its eastern part, know as the Corbières. In the eastern part of the PNZ, two ultramafic xenolith suites have been found. The first suite is enclosed within Triassic basalts and the second suite is enclosed within Cretaceous monchiquites. Both suites essentially comprise spinel peridotites showing varying degrees of depletion, but each clearly distinguishable by texture and mineral chemistry.

The Triassic suite of ultramafic xenoliths is characterized by coarse texture and homogeneous composition of mineral constituents. This records equilibrium temperature of around 950 ° C before inclusion in the host basalt. They represent fragments of an upper mantle type normally occurring beneath continental rift systems.

The Cretaceous suite of ultramafic xenoliths display porphyroclastic textures, which grade locally to ultramylonites. The pyroxene porphyroclasts are compositionally zoned, titanian pargasite is ubiquitous, and equilibrium temperatures of around 750–800 ° C are indicated. They appear to be similar to peridotites occurring in ultramafic tectonic massifs in the NPZ, and with a common texture, mineralogy and thermal history. This indicates therefore that shear deformation and alkaline magmatism, experienced during the Middle Cretaceous, affected the upper mantle along the entire length of the NPZ. This can then be related to the regional transcurrent movements that were produced by sinistral strike-slip of Iberia with respect to the rest of Europe.  相似文献   


11.
The Variscan mountain belt in Iberia defines a large “S” shape with the Cantabrian Orocline in the north and the Central Iberian curve, an alleged orocline belt of opposite curvature, to the south. The Cantabrian Orocline is kinematically well constrained, but the geometry and kinematics of the Central Iberian curve are still controversial. Here, we investigate the kinematics of the Central Iberian curve, which plays an important role in the amalgamation of Pangea since it may have accommodated much of the post-collisional deformation. We have performed a paleomagnetic study on Carboniferous granitoids and Cambrian limestones within the hinge of the curve. Our paleomagnetic and rock magnetic results show a primary magnetization in the granitoids and a widespread Carboniferous remagnetization of the limestones. Syn-kinematic granitoids show ca. 70° counter-clockwise rotations consistent with the southern limb of the Cantabrian Orocline. Post-kinematic granitoids and Cambrian limestones show consistent inclinations but very scattered declinations suggesting that they were magnetized coevally to and after the ~ 70° rotation. Our results show no differential rotations between northern, southern limb and the hinge zone. Therefore, we discard a late Carboniferous oroclinal origin for the Central Iberian curve.  相似文献   

12.
Lithosphere created in an interarc basin is expected to be characterized by features distinguishing it from “normal” oceanic lithosphere. Apart from island-arc geochemical affinities and from the occurrence of hydrous high-T parageneses in the mantle and deep crustal sequences, it is expected that due to a low rate of spreading, vertical transport prevails over lateral drifting.

The Canyon Mountain complex located in an island-arc environment of Permo-Triassic age offers a remarkable illustration of these expected geological characteristics. In particular, mantle diapirism is deduced from the structural study. Smaller diapirs are formed in crustal formations. The intrusions took place at variable temperatures (1300°–800°C) and were accompanied by multistage melting in hydrous conditions.  相似文献   


13.
The paleomagnetic results obtained in 23 sites from red beds of the northern border of the inverted Cameros Basin (northern Iberian Peninsula) prove a Cretaceous widespread remagnetization. Paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses indicate that the Natural remanent magnetization (NRM) is dominated by a stable and always normal polarity component carried by haematite. Two conglomerate test and five-fold test indicate that this component is a syn-tectonic overprint dated between Albian and Santonian times, most probably Albian, contemporary with a low-grade metamorphism. Remagnetization was acquired before compressional deformation and post-dates the main extensional stage of basin formation (Berriasian–Albian). Incremental fold tests provide best clustering solutions showing dispersed results and far from the expected direction. An alternative procedure to obtain fold test solution was applied considering asymmetric limb rotation. Mean directions obtained from these “asymmetric solutions” are consistent with the expected direction and yield a statistical value for significant grouping at the 95% confidence level in all fold tests performed. This reconstruction allows to determine the tilting of beds at the moment of acquisition of magnetization. These original dips were used to reconstruct the original geometry of the northern basin border, later modified during the Tertiary inversion stage. This extensional geometry can be characterised as a large-scale syn-sedimentary normal fault drag, with a minor roll-over anticline. The procedure developed in this paper should be tested in other inverted basins that also have undergone burial remagnetizations.  相似文献   

14.
Time and tectonic processes involved in docking of the Argentine Precordillera (Cuyania terrane) against SW Gondwana has been a matter of much debate. A paleomagnetic study on the Early Caradoc Pavón Formation, exposed in the San Rafael block, province of Mendoza, Argentina, is presented. After detailed thermal and alternating field demagnetizations two geologically significant magnetic components were defined. A widespread post-tectonic component (A) is present in most sites of the Pavón Formation, with dual polarities, and is coincident with the characteristic remanence isolated from a Permo-Triassic rhyolitic dome intruding the sediments. Its pole position (83.7°S, 271.0°E, dp = 6.8°, dm = 9.0° N = 11 sites) falls on the Late Permian-Early Triassic South American reference poles suggesting that this component was acquired during the Choiyoi magmatic phase. A second component (B) also shows dual polarities and a positive fold test suggesting a primary origin. Unblocking temperatures and rock magnetic experiments indicate that B is carried either by hematite or magnetite at different sites. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility results suggest a depositional fabric and no remanence distortion due to deformation or compaction. A paleomagnetic pole computed from this remanence (PV) falls on 3.6°N, 346.4°E (dp = 2.9°, dm = 4.6° n = 22 samples). It indicates a paleolatitude around 26°S for deposition of Pavón sediments and constrains the paleogeographic evolution of Cuyania during the Ordovician, which was still at subtropical latitudes by the Early Caradoc. PV is consistent with the Laurentian Late Ordovician reference pole if Cuyania remains attached to SE Laurentia for the Early Caradoc, while it shows a significant cw rotation with no paleolatitude anomaly respect to the Gondwana reference pole when kept in its present position in SW South America. These comparisons are interpreted in three possible alternatives for the paleogeographic and tectonic setting of Cuyania in the Late Ordovician.  相似文献   

15.
本文对郯庐断裂带东西两侧的莱阳、六安、庐枞和怀宁等中新生代盆地内的中三叠世至早白垩世沉积构造变形进行了古地磁研究。采样区大多数特征磁化方向通过了褶皱检验或反极性检验,从上述地区共获得了10个可靠的中三叠世-早白垩世的古地磁极。该结果与华南地块的视极移曲线对比,可以看出,从中侏罗世以来,郯庐断裂带东西两侧不存在大规模地水平相对位移。但是,断裂带东边的华南地块部分存在15°-25°的逆时针转动。这种转动主要应发生在晚侏罗世,主要与华南、华北地块的碰撞以及太平洋板块的挤压有关。   相似文献   

16.
The study presents new paleomagnetic data on the Upper Cretaceous and Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary intervals of the southern Kulunda basin (Alei area), which were obtained from core samples collected from a 305-m-thick section penetrated in two wells. The paleomagnetic sections of each well were compiled and correlated based on the characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM). Paleomagnetic, geological, stratigraphic, and paleontological data were used to compile the Upper Cretaceous and Cretaceous-Paleogene magnetostratigraphic section of the southern Kulunda basin. The magnetostratigraphic section consists of five magnetozones, one normal polarity zone, and four reversed polarity zones spanning the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Paleogene. The lower part of the Gan’kino Horizon, showing normal polarity, forms a single normal polarity magnetozone N. The upper part of the Gan’kino Horizon comprises two reversed polarity magnetozones (R1km and R2mt). The Talitsa and Lyulinvor Formations of Lower Paleogene age correspond to two reversed polarity magnetozones (R1zl and R2i). The compiled Upper Cretaceous and Lower Paleogene magnetostratigraphic section was correlated with the geomagnetic polarity time scale. Two options were considered for correlating the lower normal polarity part of the section with geomagnetic polarity time scale of Gradstein.  相似文献   

17.
Radiolarian-rich sediments dominated pelagic deposition over large portions of the Tethys Ocean during middle to late Jurassic time as shown by extensive bedded chert sequences found in both continental margin and ophiolite units of the Mediterranean region. Which paleoceanographic mechanisms and paleotectonic setting favored radiolarian deposition during the Jurassic, and the nature of a Tethys-wide change from biosiliceous to biocalcareous (mainly nannofossil) deposition at the beginning of Cretaceous time, have remained open questions. Previous paleomagnetic analyses of Jurassic red radiolarian cherts in the Italian Apennines indicate that radiolarian deposition occurred at low peri-equatorial latitudes, similar to modern day deposition of radiolarian-rich sediments within equatorial zones of high biologic productivity. To test this result for other sectors of the Mediterranean region, we undertook paleomagnetic study of Mesozoic (mostly middle to upper Jurassic) red radiolarian cherts within the Aegean region on the Peloponnesus and in continental Greece. Sampled units are from the Sub-Pelagonian Zone on the Argolis Peninsula, the Pindos–Olonos Zone on the Koroni Peninsula, near Karpenissi in central Greece, and the Ionian Zone in the Varathi area of northwestern Greece. Thermal demagnetization of samples from all sections removed low-temperature viscous and moderate-temperature overprint magnetizations that fail the available fold tests. At Argolis and Koroni, however, the cherts carry a third high-temperature magnetization that generally exhibits a polarity stratigraphy and passes the available fold tests. We interpret the high-temperature component to be the primary magnetization acquired during chert deposition and early diagenesis. At Kandhia and Koliaky (Argolis), the primary declinations and previous results indicate clockwise vertical-axis rotations of  40° relative to “stable” Europe. Due to ambiguities in hemispheric origin (N or S) and thus paleomagnetic polarity, the observed declinations could indicate either clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW) vertical-axis rotations. Thus at Adriani (Koroni), the primary declinations indicate either CW or CCW rotations of  95° or  84°, depending on paleomagnetic polarity and age. The primary inclinations for all Peloponnesus sites indicate peri-equatorial paleolatitudes similar to those found for coeval radiolarian cherts exposed in other Mediterranean orogenic belts. Our new paleomagnetic data support the interpretation that Mesozoic radiolarites within the Tethys Ocean were originally deposited along peri-equatorial belts of divergence and high biologic productivity.  相似文献   

18.
A palaeomagnetic study of the 100 to 90 m.y. old alkaline igneous rocks of the French Pyrenees has in part revealed large between-site scatter caused by highly variable declination. Magnetomineralogical evidence suggests that the original titano-magnetite has undergone variable low-temperature oxidation through martitization and maghemitization processes, suggesting that the rocks have been remagnetized. When viewed in the context of the Upper Cretaceous–Lower Tertiary inclination pattern based on Portuguese palaeomagnetic data, it is concluded that the rocks most likely acquired their present magnetization during early Campanian–Maastrichtian time, i.e. 20-30 m.y. after their original cooling. On the other hand, this magnetization postdates a major phase of late Cretaceous compressive deformation. Subsequent strike-slip movement along the Pyrenean zone in the Lower Tertiary led to variable rotation of cover units along the orogenic belt, producing the inconsistent palaeomagnetic declination picture presently observed. It is concluded that the geological history of the alkaline rocks of the French Pyrenees, from the magmatic stage to the subsequent events of remagnetization and tectonic deformation, is strongly associated with the Alpine-age rotational instability of Iberia. The principal kinematic history of the Peninsula comprised ca. 40° counterclockwise rotation (relative to Europe) during Cenomanian– Turonian time (100–90 m.y. ago) followed by ca. 70° clockwise rotation in the early Campanian (ca. 75 m.y. ago).  相似文献   

19.
A paleomagnetic study has been conducted on intrusive doleritic rocks cropping out within Devonian horizontal tabular formations of the Saharan craton (Tin Serririne basin, South of Hoggar shield). The 40K/40Ar dating of the dolerites gave an age of 347.6 ± 8.1 Ma, i.e. Tournaisian. The paleomagnetic data present three different directions. The first has a paleomagnetic pole close to the previous African poles of Permian age. This direction is therefore interpreted as a Permian remagnetization. The second direction, which is defined by both linear regression and remagnetization circles analysis, is considered as the primary magnetization. It yields a new African Tournaisian paleomagnetic pole (λ = 18.8° S,  = 31.2° E, K = 29, A95 = 7.5°) very close to the Ben Zireg Tounaisian pole [Aifa, T., Feinberg, H., Pozzi, J.P., 1990. Devonian/Carboniferous paleopoles for Africa. Consequences for Hercynian geodynamics. Tectonophysics, 179, 288–304]. The third direction has intermediate orientation between those of the first or second directions and that of the Upper Cenozoic field. It is interpreted as related to a composite magnetization. This new Tin Serririne pole improves the APWP of Gondwana, for this key period of the evolution of the Pangea. This APWP confirms the previous paleogeographic reconstruction which shows that the pre-Hercynian ocean between Gondwana and Laurussia is still not close during the beginning of the Carboniferous.  相似文献   

20.
M. Manzoni 《Tectonophysics》1979,60(3-4):169-188
The magnetization of Lower Permian rocks from Sila has a mean direction D = 56.5°, I= +20.4° with 95 = 9.1° after correction for Upper Neogene tilting. A further correction for the attitude of the nappes after their Middle Miocene emplacement establishes paleolatitudes consistent with those from the Lower Permian Tethys. The remarkable internal consistency of the data has not supported the distinction of units with opposite vergences within the Sila crystalline nappes. The declination indicates that the Sila massif has rotated counter-clockwise by about 90° relative to the Apennines, Sardinia and the Southern Alps and therefore the well-known Apenninic rotation alone does not account for the total change of direction in tectonic transport. Accordingly, the structural trends of tectonic phases older than the emplacement time of the Calabrian nappes should no longer be referred to present-day geographic coordinates. The post-Late Cretaceous motion relative to the north Calabrian Apennines enhances the geotectonic role of the northern boundary of the Calabrian—Peloritan arc, since its sinistral-shear character permits both tectonic transport from the west and counter-clockwise motion during tectonic transport.  相似文献   

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