共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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门架式双排抗滑桩的弹塑性模型与计算分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
门架式双排抗滑桩的计算模型大部分将桩排间岩土体视为弹性材料,而岩土体为弹塑性材料,使得抗滑桩内力、位移计算结果与实际情况相差较大。假设桩排间岩土体为弹塑性材料,提出一种弹塑性计算模型,该模型将桩排间岩土体看作线弹性单元和塑性单元的组合,根据结构力学知识、土的本构关系和数值分析方法建立一种计算前后排抗滑桩内力的计算方法。首先,由已知的桩顶位移,并结合结构力学位移法求出桩间土总应力。根据Lade-Duncan模型导出这两个单元的基本参数,然后,结合数值分析方法计算出抗滑桩的内力,最后,结合工程实例,运用ANSYS有限元软件进行计算分析,得出门架式双排抗滑桩的内力图。对比监测数据和弹性模型计算结果表明,弹塑性模型的计算结果比弹性模型更加接近监测值。 相似文献
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顶管施工引起的土体垂直变形计算方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对前人工作进行总结,将3个已有的经验公式合并成一个通用经验公式,该公式可以计算由土体损失引起的土体中任一点沉降。假定土体不排水,利用弹性力学的Mindlin解推导了顶管正面附加推力、掘进机和后续管道与土体之间的摩擦力引起的土体垂直变形计算公式。结合土体损失引起的土体变形计算公式,得到顶管施工引起的总的土体垂直变形计算公式,该方法适用于施工阶段。算例分析表明,正面附加推力引起开挖面前方地面隆起,后方地面沉降,以开挖面正上方为轴线呈反对称分布,在正常施工时产生的地面变形较小;掘进机和后续管道与土体之间的摩擦力引起的地面变形分布规律与正面附加推力相似,轴线分别位于掘进机中间部位和后续管道中间部位的正上方。 相似文献
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加固膨胀土路堑边坡中框架梁的内力计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锚杆框架梁是一种较好的加固膨胀土路堑边坡方式,但其设计理论依据仍不统一,未形成成熟的规范,多依靠工程经验。Winkler地基梁和半无限弹性体理论被用来计算框架梁的内力,在Winkler假设的前提下,着重分析了现浇梁和预制梁在不同长度条件下的内力分布。结果表明：框架梁的设计完全依据膨胀力是欠合理的,建议采用Winkler地基梁和半无限弹性体理论计算框架梁的内力,并结合工程实例,提出了相关的建议。 相似文献
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成都市土壤质量的模糊综合评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
土壤是一个开放体系,尤其城市的土壤污染来源更为广泛,而在土壤的质量评价中,常涉及到大量的复杂现象和多种因素的相互作用,且存在大量的模糊现象和模糊概念。针对这一情况,在成都城区168个土壤样品进行调查和实测后,对主要影响土壤质量的六种重金属污染进行分析,并且在环境地球化学原理的基础上,根据土壤污染分级标准建立了土壤质量的综合评判模型,同时给出了六种重金属的隶属函数。最后在对成都六个城区土壤样本的综合评判中,准确地得出了各城区的土壤污染程度及污染类别。 相似文献
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选取内蒙古主要产粮基地之一的托克托地区作为研究对象,以多目标地球化学调查获取的1 556个表层土壤样品的测试数据为基础数据,基于多元地学数据空间数据管理与分析系统(GeoExpl)对土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量进行描述统计及空间分布分析,并采用模糊数学和改进的内梅罗指数对区内的土壤养分综合质量进行分级。结果表明：研究区表层土壤养分综合质量中等,土壤养分因子的含量水平为全钾＞全磷＞有机质＞全氮,磷元素和钾元素是土壤养分的主要贡献因子,氮元素为土壤养分的最主要限制性因子;从养分因子的空间分布状况看,研究区北部及西北部的土壤养分状况较好。在此基础上,根据土壤养分综合质量、地形及地表状况对研究区进行了简单的农业分区规划,认为研究区西北部的平原区为主要的农业生产区。 相似文献
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We investigate the effects of using different types of statistical distributions (lognormal, gamma, and beta) to characterize the variability of Young’s modulus of soils in random finite element analyses of shallow foundation settlement. We use a two-dimensional linear elastic, plane-strain, finite element model with a rigid footing founded on elastic soil. Poisson’s ratio of the soil is considered constant, and Young’s modulus is characterized using random fields with extreme values of the scale of fluctuation. We perform an extensive sensitivity analysis to compare the distributions of computed settlements when different types of statistical distributions of Young’s modulus, different coefficients of variation of Young’s modulus, and different scales of fluctuation of the random field of Young’s modulus are considered. A large number of realizations are employed in the Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the influence of the tails of the statistical distributions under study. Results indicate the type of distribution considered for characterization of the random field of Young’s modulus can have a significant impact on computed settlement results. In particular, considering different types of distributions of Young’s modulus can lead to more than 600% differences on computed mean settlements for cases with high coefficient of variation and large scale of fluctuation of Young’s modulus. The effect of considering different types of distributions is reduced, but not completely eliminated, for smaller coefficients of variation of Young’s modulus (because the differences between distributions decrease) and for small values of the scale of fluctuation of Young’s modulus (because of an identified “averaging effect”). 相似文献
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Response of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced bed resting on soft soil with stone columns 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the present study, a mechanical model has been developed to study the behavior of multilayer geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill over stone column-reinforced soft soil. The granular fill and geosynthetic reinforcement layers have been idealized by Pasternak shear layer and rough elastic membranes, respectively. The Kelvin–Voight model has been used to represent the time-dependent behavior of saturated soft soil. The stone columns are idealized by stiffer springs and assumed to be linearly elastic. The nonlinear behavior of the soft soil and granular fill is considered. The effect of consolidation of soft soil due to inclusion of the stone columns on settlement response has also been included in the model. Plane strain conditions are considered for the loading and reinforced foundation soil system. An iterative finite difference scheme is applied for obtaining the solution and results are presented in nondimensional form. It has been observed that if the soft soil is improved with stone columns, the multilayer reinforcement system is less effective as compared to single layer reinforcement to reduce the total settlement as there is considerable reduction in the total settlement due to stone column itself. Multilayer reinforcement system is effective for reducing the total settlement when stone columns are not used. However, multilayer reinforcement system is effective to transfer the stress from soil to stone column. The differential settlement is also slightly reduced due to application of multiple geosynthetic layers as compared to the single layer reinforcement system. 相似文献
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岩溶区坡耕地土壤肥力综合评价——以重庆中梁山坡耕地样区为例 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
坡耕地是我国西南地区最重要的土地利用类型,也是我国一项重要的国土资源。由于该地区坡耕地石漠化程度高,土壤侵蚀问题严重,致使坡耕地土壤肥力不断退化。以重庆市中梁山坡耕地样区为例,采用模糊综合指数法进行小尺度坡耕地土壤肥力评价。经取样数合理性分析表明,25个样点估计研究区土壤肥力评价能够满足90 %置信水平条件下,10 %、15 %和20 %的相对误差取样数的精度要求;运用主成分分析（PCA）,通过计算变量的Norm值筛选有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、耕层厚度和粉黏比进入最小数据集（MDS）,并对进入MDS的肥力因子进行相关系数分析检验,表明选取的MDS能最大程度表达坡耕地土壤属性信息;利用隶属度函数实现评价指标量纲归一化并对单项肥力指标进行评价,采用加权求和模型计算土壤肥力综合指数（IFI）,结果表明,土壤有机质和全磷是影响研究区土壤肥力的限制因子,研究区80 %样地肥力综合指数在0.40～0.60之间,肥力水平处于中等程度。 相似文献
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This paper presents a semi-analytical solution to one-dimensional consolidation of viscoelastic unsaturated soils with a finite thickness under oedometric conditions and subjected to a sudden loading. The solution is obtained by using Lee’s correspondence principle based on the semi-analytical solution to one-dimensional consolidation of elastic unsaturated soils. The boundary contains the top surface permeable to water and air and the bottom impermeable to water and air. A typical example is given to show the evolution of excess pore-air and pore-water pressures as well as the total degree of consolidation of the soil layer with time for different ratios of air–water permeability coefficient, elastic modulus and viscoelastic coefficient. The one-dimensional consolidation behavior of viscoelastic unsaturated soil is discussed according to the semi-analytical solution. These results contribute to a better understanding of the consolidation behavior of viscoelastic unsaturated soils. 相似文献
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Gilles Grandjean Clément Hibert François Mathieu Emilie Garel Jean-Philippe Malet 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2009,341(10-11):937-948
Seismic and electrical resistivity tomography allow subsurface characterization from acoustic P-waves (Vp), shear S-waves (Vs) velocities, and electrical resistivity (ρ). Both geophysical methods were used to monitor water flow during a controlled rainfall experiment on a clay-shale hillslope located in the Laval catchment at Draix (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France). The objectives of the rainfall experiment were to analyse the water infiltration processes and identify possible water pathways by combining multi-method observations. The seismic data provide information on fissure density and the electrical resistivity data provide information on soil water content within the hillslope. Changes of the Vp and electrical resistivity fields with time show some similar pattern. To go further in the analysis of the water flow a geophysical data fusion strategy based on fuzzy set theory is applied. The computed fuzzy cross-sections based on expert hypotheses show the possibility for the material to be saturated during the rainfall experiment. The data fusion process is repeated in time for each acquisition set. The relative difference between the obtained fuzzy cross-sections is calculated and reveals possible locations where water may be transferred within the hillslope. 相似文献
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在基坑设计计算中,就深基坑桩锚支护结构的受力与变形研究而言,目前运用较为广泛的是改进增量法理论,荷载增量的准确计算是该理论是否应用于实践的关键点,荷载增量的计算中是否应考虑开挖面以下土体因抗力系数变动引起弹性抗力变化释放的反力增量成为研究焦点,而对土体弹性抗力的影响因素却少有研究.鉴于此,本文在计算荷载增量时,综合考虑... 相似文献
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30多年来,国际上的道路设计原理及方法逐渐从传统经验法向运用理论框架方面转变。但这些理论框架主要基于土和粒状材料的弹性假设,从而限制了材料塑性性能的发挥。安定分析基于弹塑性理论,可以确定结构在循环或变值荷载作用下的最大承载力,因此,能够被运用于道路承受交通荷载的问题。阐述了安定理论的概念以及两种经典安定定理,回顾了道路安定分析方法的创始及发展过程,包括与试验结果的比较,讨论了残余应力在道路中的分布、两种求解道路安定荷载极限的方法,以及与塑性极限分析的比较,并把一种下限安定分析方法应用于多层柔性路面的设计,最后展望了道路安定理论未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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C. M. O. Nwaiwu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2009,27(1):169-179
This paper describes a first-order reliability-based analysis to identify the best-fit probability distributions for hydraulic
conductivity. The analysis involved the use of existing hydraulic conductivity model developed from laboratory data and applied
to lateritic soils, considering variations in soil parameters. Plots of reliability indices versus coefficients of variation
were first made for hydraulic conductivity as well as for initial degree of saturation, plasticity index and clay content,
considering three compactive efforts and log-normally distributed hydraulic conductivity. The traditional two-parameter log-normal
distribution was compared to four alternative distributions: normal, gamma, Gumbel (extreme value type I-EVT-I) and Weibull
(extreme value type III-EVT-III). The analysis showed that the Weibull and normal are the best-fit probability distributions
for the hydraulic conductivity based reliability data. Hydraulic conductivities predicted from reliability analysis were used
to demonstrate the possibility of applying the results obtained in this research by practising engineers. Experimentally-determined
hydraulic conductivities were shown to be in good agreement with predicted values. 相似文献
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膨胀土路基沉降的模糊可靠度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
由于影响膨胀土路基沉降的诸多因素,如含水量、孔隙比、固结度等的不确定性和随机性,导致路基沉降安全的极限状态并非如“临界点”所定义的那样绝对明确。运用模糊数学的原理,在分析膨胀土路基沉降的安全性时,将极限状态规定为在“零”附近的一个不确定区间,即引入“模糊临界区间”和“模糊极限状态”,从而,提出模糊可靠度的概念。进一步地阐述了膨胀土路基沉降的模糊可靠度的分析方法和步骤,并针对具体工程实例进行了模糊可靠度的计算,结果表明：按强度和稳定性设计原则设计的膨胀土路基沉降的模糊失效概率可能较大。 相似文献
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Kriging with imprecise (fuzzy) variograms. II: Application 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The geostatistical analysis of soil liner permeability is based on 20 measurements and imprecise prior information on nugget effect, sill, and range of the unknown variogram. Using this information, membership functions for variogram parameters are assessed and the fuzzy variogram is constructed. Both kriging estimates and estimation variances are calculated as fuzzy numbers from the fuzzy variogram and data points. Contour maps are presented, indicating values of the kriged permeability and the estimation variance corresponding to selected membership values called levels. 相似文献
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基本地震烈度、饱和砂土振动液化的可能性、土体允许承载力和压缩模量及洪水威胁性等,是影响洞庭湖区工程地质环境质量的5个主要参评因子,据此本文运用模糊综合评判方法,对洞庭湖区的工程地质环境质量进行了综合评价。 相似文献
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Y. K. Chow 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1987,11(1):1-15
A numerical procedure is described for the analysis of vertical deformation of smooth, rigid foundations of arbitrary shape on homogeneous and layered soil media. The contact area at the interface of the foundation and soil medium is approximated by square subdivisions. The response of the system is then obtained from the superposition of the influence of the individual subdivisions. The flexibility influence coefficients are based on equivalent smooth, rigid circular areas with the same contact area as the square subdivisions. For foundations on a homogeneous, isotropic elastic half-space, the flexibility coefficients are given analytically by the integrated forms of the Boussinesq's solution. For a layered soil medium, the flexibility coefficients are determined from an axisymmetric finite element analysis which is essentially two dimensional. Thus, there is no necessity for a full three-dimensional finite element analysis. Comparison with solutions obtained using the integral transform technique for smooth, rigid rectangular foundations on a homogeneous, isotropic elastic half-space shows good agreement. Parametric solutions are presented for the response of rectangular foundations on some ‘typical’ soil profiles. The use of a simplified method to estimate the settlement of rectangular foundations on a layered soil medium by superposing solutions for homogeneous, elastic strata is discussed. 相似文献