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地理研究者的地图空间认知过程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地理研究者的地图空间认知过程，经历了地图的感知觉阶段、心象形成阶段、心象记忆对比分析阶段和认知思维（提出问题、解决问题）阶段。其对地图的认知带有强烈的目的性，已有的心象地图（地理空间概念）对地图空间认知有重要的影响。知觉过程经历了先自上而下后自下而上的两个阶段，是两个阶段的有机结合；心象地图的形成过程是概括地物图形特点、抽取地物组成元素及其组织关系的过程；心象地图的记忆则是构成心象的元素和组织这些元素的关系分别编码储存的过程；认知思维是根据地理空间概念进行判断、推理的过程，是地理研究者认知地图空间的核心；心象地图（地理空间概念）则是认知思维的基础。 相似文献
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PHILIP K.HOPKE 《地理学报(英文版)》1992,(2)
In many cases,monitoring data for ambient airborne particles can be organized in the form of a three-way data table with one way for chemical species,one for sampling periods and one for sites.A directtrilinear decomposition followed by a matrix reconstruction(DTDMR)is developed to analyze such adata table as a whole.The three-way data set is composed into three two-way matrices by a direct trilineardecomposition(DTD).The column vectors of each of the matrices are called‘source profiles’,‘emissionpatterns’and‘site coefficients’respectively.Particulate sources are identified by examining both theirsource profiles and emission patterns.After the sources have been identified,emission patterns and sitecoefficients are used to produce a three-way matrix that gives estimates of mass contributions of sourcesto the samples collected at every site in every period.By simulation study,not only has the method beenverified,but a good indicator has been found that shows the number of factors(i.e.sources)in thesystem.Unlike other receptor models,DTDMR does not require source profile data and does not involvetrial-and-error procedures.Since DTDMR identifies sources based on variations in two dimensions,it hasa higher potential to distinguish two sources that have similar chemical compositions.The DTDMRmodel has provided excellent results with simulated data and has been applied in a real world three-waydata set. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):297-303
Analyses of agricultural growth in subsistence economies may be facilitated if agricultural intensity is viewed in terms of the concentration of production or yield per unit area and time. This view of agricultural intensity is implicit in many growth arguments and is consistent with their purpose. Limited production data from various subsistence economies necessitate the use of a surrogate measure of intensity that is based on a variety of input factors. 相似文献
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《The Journal of geography》2012,111(1)
Abstract A Teacher's Handbook on Energy, prepared under the direction of the Governor's Energy Advisory Council in consultation with the Texas Education Agency, January 1977. 相似文献
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Language plays a vital role in the communication, sharing and transmission of information among human beings. Geographical languages are essential for understanding, investigating, representing and propagating geo-spatial information. Geographical languages have developed and evolved gradually with improvements in science, technology and cognitive levels. Concerning the theoretical progress from geographical information ontology, epistemology and linguistic theory, this paper firstly puts forward the concept of a GIS language and discusses its basic characteristics according to changes in the structures, functions and characteristics of geographical languages. This GIS language can be regarded as a system of synthetic digital symbols. It is a comprehensive representation of geographical objects, phenomena and their spatial distributions and dynamic processes. This representation helps us generate a universal perception of geographical space using geographical scenarios or symbols with geometry, statuses, processes, spatio-temporal relationships, semantics and attributes. Furthermore, this paper states that the GIS language represents a new generation of geographical language due to its intrinsic characteristics, structures, functions and systematic content. Based on the aforementioned theoretical foundation, this paper illustrates the pivotal status and contributions of the GIS language from the perspective of geographical researchers. The language of GIS is a new geographical language designed for the current era, with features including spatio-temporal multi-dimension representation, interactive visualization, virtual geographical scenarios, multi-sensor perception and expedient broadcasting via the web. The GIS language is the highest-level geographical language developed to date, integrating semantic definitions, feature extraction, geographical dynamic representation and spatio-temporal factors and unifying the computation of geographical phenomena and objects. The GIS language possesses five important characteristics: abstraction, systematicness, strictness, precision and hierarchy. In summary, the GIS language provides a new means forpeople to recognize, understand and simulate entire geo-environments. Therefore, exploration of the GIS language’s functions in contemporary geographical developments is becoming increasingly important. Similarly, construction of the conceptual model and scientific systems of the GIS language will promote the development of the disciplines of geography and geographical information sciences. Therefore, this paper investigates the prospects of the GIS language from the perspectives of digital technology, geographical norms, geographical modeling and the disciplinary development of geography. 相似文献
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