共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 242 毫秒
1.
Changes in permanent sample plots in the lowland,submontane and montane forests on Mount Cameroon(4,095 m above sea level),an active volcano,are described for 15 years from 1989 to 2004.Throughout the study period,the stocking level of trees with a diameter at breast height(DBH) ≥ 10 cm in the three forests were lower than in pan-tropical stands suggesting a significant impact of volcanic and human-related activities on the vegetation communities on the mountain.Annual mortality rates in the submontane and ... 相似文献
2.
NOVOTNY Jan 《山地科学学报》2011,8(2):307-313
The paper gives two examples of larger construction projects with typical stability problems. The first example is from Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East. It is connected with a construction of oil and gas pipelines through the mountainous terrain in Makarov region. The region has an active geotectonic history and is highly affected by uncontrolled erosion and extensive landslips. Basic principles of landslide hazard mitigation are presented. The second example is from a motorway construction in Azerbaijan. This motorway leads from Baku to Russia through a seismo-tectonically active area at the toe of Caucasian mountains and in some places is situated in deep cuts at the toe of high slopes. This unsuitable routing, together with seismic activity, led to a slope stability failure of a slope affected by recent tectonic movements near the village of Devechi. Stability conditions and designed remedy measures are presented. 相似文献
3.
LIUGuo-ming ZHANGHeng-rong KONGQing-jun WUCheng-zhi GUOFeng ZHANGChao-fan 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(2):156-160
Tianchi Volcano is the largest potential erupticve volcano in China. Analyzing these data on seismic monitoring, deformation observation and water chemistry investigation gained from the Tianchi Volcano Observatory (TVO), the authors consider that the Tianchi Volcano is in going into a new flourishing time. 相似文献
4.
Changes in permanent sample plots in the lowland,submontane and montane forests on Mount Cameroon(4,095 m above sea level),an active volcano,are described for 15 years from 1989 to 2004.Throughout the study period,the stocking level of trees with a diameter at breast height(DBH) ≥ 10 cm in the three forests were lower than in pan-tropical stands suggesting a significant impact of volcanic and human-related activities on the vegetation communities on the mountain.Annual mortality rates in the submontane and montane forests were consistent with those reported for comparable altitudinal ranges in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica.The annual mortality rate was higher in the lowland forest than other lowland sites included.Divergence between recruitment and mortality rates was large suggesting that the three vegetation communities have not reached their climax.The seven-year difference in half-life of large trees(with a DBH ≥ 50 cm) in the submontane and montane forests suggests an altitudinal effect on turnover of larger trees that in turn contributes to the frequent small stature of high altitude forests.There was little evidence of an altitudinal effect on species turnover and growth rate.This finding supports generalizations about the zero effect of growth on the stature of high altitude trees.Understanding forest dynamics is crucially important in the management of tropical montane environmentsand in this instance particularly so given the recent creation of the Mount Cameroon National Park. 相似文献
5.
A field monitoring system was established in an active river bank landslide in the Three Gorges area, China, and a consecutive monitoring for about 5 years were conducted to understand the displacement characteristics of flexible piles and the surrounding soil. It was found that piles deformed elastically under reservoir operation, and the soil in front of piles was gradually separated from piles. The movement of the pile heads exceeded that of the soil between and behind piles. This phenomenon was further studied by a large-scale physical model test to gain insights into the pile-soil interaction. The displacement relationship between pile heads and the surrounding soil is in good agreement with the field data. The physical model test shows that the deformation process of pile-reinforced landslides can be divided into two stages: firstly, when the piles head movement exceeds soil movement, the soil arching is mainly affected by the deflection of the piles, the arches between and behind piles bent upwards;but when the soil movement exceeds piles head movement, the arches near the upslope and downslope bent downwards and upwards, respectively. Furthermore, the different deformation of two adjacent piles and the pile stiffness influenced the arch’s shape and formation;the flexible piles exhibit great coordinated deformation with the landslide, and caused the soil arch on the downslope. 相似文献
6.
Magnetotelluric(MT)inversion and seismic inversion are important methods for the interpretation of subsurface exploration data,but separate inversion of MT and seismic produces ambiguous and non-unique results due to various factors.In order to achieve accurate results,the authors propose a joint inversion method of two-dimensional MT and seismic data in the frequency domain.The finite element method is used for numerical simulation of electromagnetic data in the forward modelling,and the Gauss-Newton method is used for the inversion.The 9-point-finite-difference method is used to solve the seismic wave field in the acoustic wave equation,and the inverse problem of seismic data is solved by full waveform inversion with a conjugate gradient,a simple and fast method.Cross gradient functions are used to provide constraint structure between resistivity and velocity parameters to carry out the joint inversion.The joint inversion algorithm is tested by double-rectangular model synthesis data,and the accuracy of the algorithm is verified.The results show that the joint inversion results are better than those from separate inversion.The algorithm is applied to a geophysical model of a metalliferous deposit in Jinchuan and is compared with the separate inversion results.It shows that the results obtained with joint inversion are much closer to the real model. 相似文献
7.
Physical properties of sea water,such as salinity,temperature,density and acoustic velocity,could be demarcated through degradation of energy caused by water absorption,attenuation and other factors.To overcome the challenging difficulties in the quick monitoring of these physical properties,we have explored the high resolution marine seismic survey to instantly characterize them.Based on the unique wavefield propagating in the sea water,we have developed a new approach to suppress the noise caused by the shallow sea water disturbance and obtain useful information for estimating the sea water structure.This approach improves seismic data with high signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.The seismic reflection imaging can map the sea water structure acoustically.Combined with the knowledge of local water body structure profile over years,the instant model for predicting the sea water properties could be built using the seismic data acquired from the specially designed high precision marine seismic acquisition.This model can also be updated with instant observation and the complete data processing system.The present study has the potential value to many applications,such as 3D sea water monitoring,engineering evaluation,geological disaster assessment and environmental assessment. 相似文献
8.
《山地科学学报》2020,17(1):173-190
Probabilistic analysis in the field of seismic landslide hazard assessment is often based on an estimate of uncertainties of geological, geotechnical,geomorphological and seismological parameters.However, real situations are very complex and thus uncertainties of some parameters such as water content conditions and critical displacement are difficult to describe with accurate mathematical models. In this study, we present a probabilistic methodology based on the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis method and the Newmark's displacement model. The Tianshui seismic zone(105°00′-106°00′ E, 34°20′-34°40′ N) in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau were used as an example. Arias intensity with three standard probabilities of exceedance(63%, 10%, and 2% in 50 years) in accordance with building design provisions were used to compute Newmark displacements by incorporating the effects of topographic amplification.Probable scenarios of water content condition were considered and three water content conditions(dry,wet and saturated) were adopted to simulate the effect of pore-water on slope. The influence of 5 cm and 10 cm critical displacements were investigated in order to analyze the sensitivity of critical displacement to the probabilities of earthquake-induced landslide occurrence. The results show that water content in particular, have a great influence on the distribution of high seismic landslide hazard areas. Generally, the dry coverage analysis represents a lower bound for susceptibility and hazard assessment, and the saturated coverage analysis represents an upper bound to some extent. Moreover, high seismic landslide hazard areas are also influenced by the critical displacements. The slope failure probabilities during future earthquakes with critical displacements of 5 cm can increase by a factor of 1.2 to 2.3 as compared to that of 10 cm. It suggests that more efforts are required in order to obtain reasonable threshold values for slope failure. Considering the probable scenarios of water content condition which is varied with seasons, seismic landslide hazard assessments are carried out for frequent, occasional and rare earthquake occurrences in the Tianshui region, which can provide a valuable reference for landslide hazard management and infrastructure design in mountainous seismic zones. 相似文献
9.
CHEN Jie GUO Laiyin YANG Xiaodong ZHANG Jinchang ZHANG Zhiwen SUN Mengyu LIN Jingxue 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2023,(6):1563-1571
In recent years, great earthquakes occurred within the Wharton Basin in the eastern Indian Ocean, and they have been associated with active faulting on the ancient oceanic crust. Large seismogenic faults were thought to be the fault reactivation on the ancient oceanic crust, but these phenomena are still unclear and require examination. This study used high-quality multibeam bathymetry and multichannel seismic data collected over the northern Ninetyeast Ridge to investigate detailed fault geomet... 相似文献
10.
Dust storms in Northeast China become more se-rious in recent years due to the global warming and local land use and cover change (LUCC) around the sand lands in western and northwestern Jilin Province. Field investigations and urban testing re-vealed that the amount of dusts brought by dust storm reaches a higher level in the past two years. According to an experiment on the “mud-snow”in April, 2000 and an observation in March, 2002, the dusts coming from the western Jilin and fall… 相似文献
11.
LIU Guoming YANG Jingkui WANG Lijuan SUN Jicai .Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano Observatory Antu Jilin China .Seismological Bureau of Jilin Province Changchun 《东北亚地学研究》2011,(1)
Changbaishan volcano is the largest potential eruptive volcano in China.In this paper,seismic activity,horizontal displacement,vertical displacement and the fluid geochemistry data acquiring from Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano Observatory(TVO) in recent years are analyzed.The authors discussed the ability for the Changbaishan volcanic seismic monitoring and active level of Changbaishan volcano in recent years based on the fundamental monitoring results.The results show that Changbaishan volcano has experience... 相似文献
12.
通过对日本3·11大震前后GEONET观测站位移时间序列以及中国东北三维形变特征进行分析,结合地震及大地电磁研究成果,探讨中国东北长白山火山区现今地壳运动特征及动力学环境。结果表明,奥羽山脉是日本东北地壳运动的分界带。3·11地震后,两侧点位以东向运动为主,大震对中国东北形变的影响还未结束。受板块俯冲及壳幔岩浆运动的影响,长白山火山区现今地壳变形及地震的发生与区域应力变化及岩浆活动有关。 相似文献
13.
长白山火山区几何形变的联合反演 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
应用长白山火山区的水准和GPS资料，采用Mogi源模型对火山区的压力源参数进行联合反演，并考虑天池火山南侧断层的影响，利用Okada的断层位错模型对长白山火山区近年来的主要活动区天池火山的地下岩浆的可能变化进行推测，得出以下结论：长白山天池火山浅层目前为单一的压力源，位置仍在天池老火山口一带；近几年岩浆上涌活动比较明显；天池南侧的北西向隐伏断裂有一定的活动性。 相似文献
14.
Late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China are distributed in a zonal pattern around the old-land on the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block.They are composed of active deposits in the regular distributed tectonic lithofacies zones.This indicates that the late Paleozoic strata belong to continental margin deposits.According to the strong conformability of the sedimentary strata in the same continental margin and distinct differences among the three continental margins,three stratigraphical regions of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Stratigraphical Province are recognized along the northern,southern and eastern margins of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block,named respectively as Xing’an Stratigraphical Region,Inner Mongolia grass--Songhua River Stratigraphical Region and Baoqing--Hunchun Stratigraphical Region.Due to the characteristics of continental margin deposits and active sediments,the strata can be correlated on the level of formation by the methods of analysing the rock association in the same stratigraphic region.Therefore,some revisions of the lithological formations of the late Paleozoic strata in northeastern China have been made,and a new chart of lithostratigraphic correlation has been proposed.Furthermore,the present stratigraphic framework is setting on the International Stratigraphic Chart on the level of stage,after comprehensive researches to lithostratigraphy,biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy,especially the conodont biostratigraphy and isotopic ages of volcanic rocks obtained in recent years. 相似文献
15.
LIU Guo-ming ZHANG Heng-rong KONG Qing-jun WU Cheng-zhi GUO Feng ZHANG Chao-fan 《世界地质(英文版)》2004,7(2)
Tianchi Volcano is the largest potential erupticve volcano in China. Analyzing these data on seismic monitoring, deformation observation and water chemistry investigation gained from the Tianchi Volcano Observatory (TVO), the authors consider that the Tianchi Volcano is in going into a new flourishing time. 相似文献
16.
Data processing is a basic and crucial factor in seismic exploration,which can influence the effect of subsequent processing directly． Thus the selection of appropriate method for data processing is one of the most important tasks throughout the work． By simulating,the authors analyze and compare Fractional Fourier Trans- form (FＲFT) and Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD),then summarize the similarities and advantages and dis- advantages of the two methods． The results reveal that FＲFT is more effective and suitable for application in seismic exploration than WVD． 相似文献
17.
通过人工浅层地震反射剖面发现,在香河县荆庄地区,宝坻断裂表现为一条近EW走向的南倾正断层,剖面上呈铲状,对第四系沉积具有一定的控制作用,为一条第四纪活动断裂。通过部署在断层两侧的构造观察孔岩芯对比及14C测年、光释光测年数据可知,宝坻断裂上断点距地表5~7 m左右,主要活动时间为晚更新世,全新世及中更新世晚期无明显活动。岩芯对比表明,距今10万年以来,宝坻断裂共发生2次地震活动,累积位移2.6 m,其中最近一次地震发生于22 740±70 a BP,同震位移1.4 m;另一次地震发生于距今97.1±4.4~98.0±5.3 ka之间,同震位移1.2 m。根据本次钻孔结果,结合前人对张家口-渤海构造带东段断裂活动性及发震规律的研究,判断宝坻断裂全新世以来整体处于不活跃状态,诱发中强地震和大地震的可能性较低。此外,香河县荆庄一带发育的地裂缝为受宝坻断裂控制的构造型地裂缝,断裂南北两侧的不均匀地面沉降产生的剪切应力会加速荆庄地裂缝的发展。 相似文献
18.
In Process of seismic exPloration,the noise of seismic signals Produces serious interference. Conven-tional methods of wavelet threshold denoising cannot fully use the characteristics of seismic signal... 相似文献
19.
Application of constrained sparse spike inversion in reservoir predication: a case study of Oriente Basin in South America 
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下载免费PDF全文 In the conditions of low Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) of seismic data and a small quality of log information,the consequences of seismic interpretation through the impedance inversion of seismic data could be more precise. Constrained sparse spike inversion(CSSI) has advantage in oil and gas reservoir predication because it does not rely on the original model. By analyzing the specific algorithm of CSSI,the accuracy of inversion is controlled. Oriente Basin in South America has the low amplitude in geological structure and complex lithologic trap. The well predication is obtained by the application of CSSI. 相似文献