共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Guilherme Vieira da Silva João Luiz Baptista de Carvalho Antonio Henrique da Fontoura Klein 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(8):569-576
Inlet stabilization is a common practice in Brazil, as it is worldwide. In this paper we present results of the analysis of the stabilization practices of the Camacho Inlet, located in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. This inlet is maintained intermittently, in accordance with a regime designed to benefit both local fishermen and rice farmers. Fishermen require this inlet to be open as a navigation channel during the fishing season; rice farmers needs it closed during the irrigation period to allow the pumping of fresh water from the Congonhas River which drains into the Camacho’s backbarrier lagoon. An additional complication arises from the tendency of this inlet to close naturally due to infilling by dune migration. Aerial images spanning a 65 year time period (1938-2003) were analyzed, demonstrating the variability in the inlet’s width between 0 (closed) and 360 m. The analysis of inlet stability and user needs indicate that an appropriate solution is the implementation of an annual inlet dredging program in the austral autumn. This would allow for the inlet to remain open from May to September and then close naturally for the rest of the year, providing for a backbarrier fresh water reservoir during the irrigation period. 相似文献
2.
日照港煤码头浚深工程回淤分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用水动力学三维数学模型对日照港煤码头水域的水动力因素进行了计算,并在此基础上对煤码头浚深工程实施后港池和航道回淤进行了计算分析.计算结果与实测结果比较表明:文中模型较好地重演日照港煤码头水域潮流场,对于港池与航道的回淤分析合理可靠. 相似文献
3.
Massimo Ponti Andrea PasterisRoberta Guerra Marco Abbiati 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009
Coastal lagoons are ephemeral habitats whose conservation requires human intervention, such as maintenance dredging of inner channels. Dredging can reduce the abundance of benthic species due to the removal of individuals with the sediment, modify sediment properties, and resuspend fine sediment, nutrients and pollutants, which can lead to eutrophication, hypoxic events and increasing toxicity. Both direct effects in the dredged channel and possible indirect effects in surrounding shallow areas could be expected. This study assesses the effects of the channel maintenance dredging, performed between October 2004 and August 2005, on the invertebrate assemblages both in channels and adjacent ponds in the northern Adriatic coastal lagoon of Pialassa Baiona. The lagoon is affected by eutrophication, chemical and thermal pollution from wastewater treatment and power plants. Three impacted sites were located in the dredged channel and three in the adjacent interconnected shallow water ponds, while three non-impacted sites were located in a channel and in a pond far from the dredged area. Replicate samples were collected from each site one time before and one time after the dredging operations. Despite the extent of the intervention, effects of the dredging on macrobenthic assemblages were detected only within the dredged channel, while in the surrounding ponds no clear and unequivocal effects were found. In particular the dredging could have promoted the increase of the abundance of the polychaete Streblospio shrubsolii in the southern and central parts of the dredged channel and the increase in abundance of the amphipod Corophium insidiosum in the northern side, compared to the controls. Instead, species diversity was reduced in the central and northern parts of the dredged channel. These effects on the macrobenthic invertebrate assemblages could be related to the observed changes of sediment characteristics, contamination and toxicity. Overall, direct effects on benthic assemblages in the dredged channels were more detectable than the possible secondary effects in the surrounding shallow ponds, where the higher spatial heterogeneity can mask any relevant effects. 相似文献
4.
Suction dredging for cockles removes large cockles from tidal flats and may also cause mortality of non-target fauna and make the habitat less suitable for some species. This study examines whether suction dredging for cockles on tidal flats of the Dutch Wadden Sea had affected densities of non-target fauna, directly after fishing and one year later. Densities of non-target fauna in two randomly chosen undredged locations were compared to densities at the surrounding heavily commercially dredged area. A significant negative effect of cockle dredging on densities of 0-group Macoma balthica was observed and this effect persisted one year after dredging. The dredged area appeared to be less suitable for settlement of mussels Mytilus edulis. No significant effects of dredging on the mudsnail Hydrobia ulvae and on 0 and 1-group C. edule were found. For the mobile young Macoma balthica it seems unlikely that the effect found after one year was still due to the mortality caused by dredging and this suggests that the habitat was less suitable as a consequence of dredging. Thus, even in the highly dynamic ecosystem of the Wadden Sea, effects of bottom disturbance by cockle dredging may persist after one year. 相似文献
5.
Sediment transport and morphodynamics of the Douro River estuary 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A combination of dredging data, hydrographic surveys and numerical modelling has been used to assess morphological change
and sediment transport in the Douro River estuary. The system is dominated by sand- and gravel-sized sediments and confined
by resistant rock types. The evolution of the bed in the last 20 years has been strongly influenced by the opening of a navigation
channel. According to the data available to date, the average maintenance dredging volume has been of the order of 0.4 × 106 m3 year−1. Comparisons of hydrographic surveys reveal a rate of volume loss of the same magnitude. Apparently, maintenance dredging
mainly involves local material, transported into the channel from shallower areas of the estuary. The results of numerical
modelling indicate that the sediment transport capacity due to tidal currents is very limited. River flood events increase
the transport capacity by several orders of magnitude, thus playing a critical role in sediment redistribution and supply
to the coast. The average sediment transport capacity is estimated to be of the order of 0.1 × 106 m3 year−1 in most of the estuary and 0.5 × 106 m3 year−1 at the inlet, with a large uncertainty. It is concluded that, if morphological stability is set as an environmental objective,
the dredged material should not be removed from the system but rather be used to nourish the estuarine beaches and the barrier
spit. 相似文献
6.
7.
航道疏浚是海岸带人类活动的重要形式之一,对近岸海洋环境有着重要的影响。本研究以葫芦岛航道疏浚为例,通过X射线衍射物相分析、放射性同位素分析和激光粒度分析等方法,对航道疏浚区及邻近海域沉积物进行了系统的研究,结果表明:(1)航道疏浚产生的沉积物与现在海底沉积物在粒度组成、黏土矿物组合和210 Pb、137 Cs放射性强度等方面具有显著的差异,可以作为示踪航道疏浚物质扩散和影响范围的指标;(2)葫芦岛海域的航道疏浚物在潮流的作用下沿西北和西南2个方向扩散,不同程度地加入到表层沉积物中,个别地方疏浚沉积物直接覆盖到原沉积物之上,导致海底原地沉积物属性的改变。 相似文献
8.
The flow about a circular cylinder placed centrally inside a channel is studied numerically with an unstructured collocated grid finite volume method based on the primitive variable formulation. The distance between the channel walls is allowed to vary to change the blockage ratio. Simulations are carried out over a range of Reynolds numbers that are consistent with the two-dimensional assumption. The study confirms that transition to vortex shedding regime is delayed when the channel walls are close to the cylinder because of the interaction between the vortices from the channel wall and cylinder wake. In the unsteady vortex shedding regime, the wake pattern is opposite to the classic Karman street in respect of the positions of the shed vortices. The cylinder drag coefficient and Strouhal number are considerably increased at smaller gaps while the root-mean-squared lift coefficient is significantly decreased. Several important flow parameters are correlated with the input parameters, namely Reynolds number and blockage ratio. 相似文献
9.
长江河口北槽水沙过程对航道整治工程的响应 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
北槽大型航道整治工程确定了南北槽分汊口分流界线, 阻碍了北槽和邻近滩槽的水沙自由交换过程, 使北槽水沙动力过程发生调整。基于工程前后北槽主槽纵向同步水沙观测数据的统计分析表明:入口段落潮优势显著减弱;上段枯季时落潮优势显著减弱, 而洪季时落潮优势有所增强;中段(弯曲段拐点附近)落潮优势略有减弱;下段落潮优势明显加强。北槽主槽水沙纵向输移机制分析表明:欧拉余流、潮泵作用、斯托克斯效应和垂向环流为悬沙输移的主要驱动力, 其中欧拉余流输沙指向海, 斯托克斯输沙和垂向环流输沙指向陆, 而潮泵输沙随着季节而变化。洪季, 欧拉余流输沙和潮泵输沙在工程前后的变化使大潮期河床冲淤由中段和下段普遍落淤转化为中上段集中落淤。枯季, 工程前后稳定的潮流辐散输沙作用使大潮期河床以冲刷为主, 但工程后在入口段和上段潮泵的向上游输沙占优势, 使悬沙在入口段落淤。 相似文献
10.
11.
强人类活动(如航道疏浚)和自然气候变化(如海平面上升)对近岸河口环境不同影响的辨识是目前河口海岸学研究的热点和难点问题。在地形概化和动力简化条件下, 解析模型能够快速辨识强人类活动和自然气候变化对河口环境的影响, 它是探讨河口动力过程对外界干扰的响应机制的重要工具。本文基于前人对葡萄牙Guadiana河口不同分潮之间非线性相互作用的研究, 采用一维水动力解析模型探讨河口不同分潮潮波传播过程对水深变化(模拟航道疏浚和河道淤积过程)的响应机制。研究结果表明: 平均水深$\overline{h}$的变化影响无量纲河口地形参数γ和摩擦参数χ, 进一步影响河口动力参数包括潮波振幅参数ζ、流速振幅参数μ、波速参数λ、潮波振幅增大/衰减率参数δ以及流速与水位之间的相位差?等; 平均水深变化对河口中下游段(x=0~60km)的潮汐动力影响较大, 而对河口上游段(x=60~78km)影响较弱; 主要半日分潮(M2、S2、N2)对水深变化的响应略大于全日分潮(K1、O1); 航道疏浚幅度小于2m时, 对河口潮汐动力格局影响不大, 而当疏浚幅度大于2m时, 将对河口潮汐动力格局及水环境(如盐水入侵等)产生较大影响; 河道淤积将导致潮汐动力减弱, 流速振幅、潮波振幅及传播速度减小, 流速和水位之间的相位差也减小。 相似文献
12.
Silvana N.R. Birchenough Siân E. BoydKoen Vanstaen Roger A. CogganDavid S. Limpenny 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010
Each year approximately 23–28 million tonnes of sand and gravel are removed from offshore sediments around England and Wales. This study was located in a licensed marine aggregate extraction site off Shoreham in the Eastern English Channel (EEC thereafter). Results from the multibeam survey showed the presence of dredged pits created by suction hopper dredging and elongated furrows created by trailer suction hopper dredging in the area where sand and gravel had been excavated. Electronic Monitoring System (EMS) contained the dredging intensity recorded annually at the site; this information was combined with particle size data providing interpreted maps, which informed the status of the sediments at the site. 相似文献
13.
长江口12.5米深水航道2010年贯通后,发挥了巨大社会经济效益,同时航道回淤量大、维护压力大、维护费用高的问题突出。本研究基于北槽四边界水沙通量观测成果,分析提出了北槽航道回淤泥沙来源;针对回淤原因,在已建减淤工程经验总结的基础上,提出了本次减淤的研究思路,优化了减淤工程方案的比选指标体系;采用三维潮流泥沙数模、清水动床物模、经济技术综合分析等手段,通过"加高范围"、"加高高程"及"加高位置"比选,研究推荐了减淤工程方案。利用实测回淤量分析了工程减淤效果。研究结果表明,南导堤越沙是洪季北槽的重要泥沙来源,对北槽高浓度含沙量场有一定贡献。提出了可通过加高北槽南侧的导堤,实现减少通过南导堤越堤进入北槽的泥沙量,从而减小北槽含沙量水平,同时改善北槽下段流态,降低水沙横向输移,进而降低航道回淤的减淤思路。研究推荐的长江口12.5米深水航道减淤工程为南坝田挡沙堤加高工程及先期工程方案。先期工程位于S4～S9丁坝坝田,在现有南坝田挡沙堤的基础上加高S4～S8区段,并延长至S9丁坝,工程全长约23.8 km,高程+3.5 m。工程于2015年11月开工建设,2016年7月主体工程完工,工程减淤效果显著,2016—2018年年均减淤量约954×105m3/a,近三年已节省航道维护疏浚费用约5亿元。 相似文献
14.
小清河河口航道治理是当地港口发展的必要条件。通过分析小清河河口治理的理论与实践研究成果,研究了小清河河口航道治理的措施和主要方案。研究表明,小清河河口航道治理必须采用整治与疏浚相结合的办法;整治防沙堤宜采用双导堤;航道轴线采用北槽与南槽方案技术差别不大,应结合环保、海域使用等非航运条件综合确定轴线方案。 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
2019年以来,长江口海域年疏浚总量约为7 000×104 m3,现有的7座吹泥站停用后,长江口倾倒区容量仅剩约3 000×104 m3,疏浚物处置缺口约为4 000×104 m3,需及时开展海洋倾倒区选划工作。通过FVCOM （Finite Volume Community Ocean Model）数值模型对预选倾倒区进行抛泥扩散模拟,并分析其影响。根据长江口航道管理局所统计的疏浚船只,结合实际情况,选定12 000 m3舱容作为代表船只进行模拟。模拟结果显示,抛泥悬浮物主要在倾倒区周围呈螺旋状扩散,从扩散范围来看,4个预选倾倒区抛泥时,其10 mg/L增量包络线均不会显著影响到附近主航道及周边环境敏感区,其中预选倾倒区D扩散影响范围最大,C次之,A和B扩散影响范围最小。从动力角度来看,长江口深水航道北侧两个预选倾倒区（A和B）倾倒扩散时,对南侧深水航道造成回淤的概率更大,深水航道南侧水动力条件优于北侧。综合抛泥扩散影响范围和动力条件来看,预选倾倒区C位置最佳。 相似文献
18.
地中海是太平洋之外弧后盆地较为发育的海区。巴利阿里海盆和第勒尼安海盆是西地中海两个位置相邻、互有成因联系的弧后盆地。海盆莫霍面埋深分别为 1 2～ 1 5km和 1 0 km,热流密度分别为 1 0 0 m W/m2和 2 0 0 m W/m2 ,发育有大洋型磁条带异常 ,大洋钻探和拖网取样均采到了拉斑玄武岩。较之巴利阿里海盆 ,第勒尼安海盆更富年青性。两弧后盆地的成生演化是与欧洲板块与非洲 -阿普利亚板块的相互作用息息相关的。中新世 ,随着非洲 -阿普利亚板块向西、西北俯冲 ,科西嘉、撒丁裂离欧洲大陆 ,巴利阿里海盆被打开 ;上新世 ,阿普利亚微板块进一步俯冲 ,导致亚平宁与科西嘉、撒丁之间的裂离 ,形成第勒尼安海盆。 相似文献
19.
近年来,长江中下游来沙量持续性减小,其对河床冲刷的效应已逐渐在长江口显现。然而,长江口河床容积的变化特征缺少定量研究,与来沙量减小的时空响应规律不明确。通过分析长江大通站、徐六泾站的泥沙资料,并统计不同高程下的河床容积随时间变化特征,建立不同区段、不同高程河床容积与上游不同时段平均来沙量的关系。结果表明,大通站2003—2020年的年输沙量较三峡工程建成前有大幅减少,其对徐六泾站的当年洪季含沙量有着直接且显著的影响。长江口南支0 m以下河床处于冲刷态势,2003年后河床冲刷速率有明显增加,其中-10 m以下深槽部分的冲刷量贡献最大。南支主要落潮通道河床容积与前1年大通平均来沙量具有显著的相关性,因此来沙量减小主要引起长江口落潮通道河床容积增加,其效应具有约1 a的滞后性。 相似文献
20.
The physical impact of offshore dredging on the reclamation area at the Changhwa coast, Taiwan, is investigated using a three-dimensional movable-bed model test. A distorted modeling law consisting of maintaining similarity of the equilibrium beach profile between the model and prototype is proposed. The geometric distortion was verified through a series of preliminary experiments conducted in a wave flume. Experimental results show that the distorted modeling is able to reproduce the beach-face slope in nature. An appropriate long-term morphological time-scale was determined based on a comparison of model longshore littoral transport rates and equivalent prototype values. Seabed topographical changes before and after offshore dredging are evaluated in model tests. A suitable countermeasure to prevent beach erosion from wave attack along the reclamation area is suggested from the experimental results. 相似文献