共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 578 毫秒
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提出一种用三分量检波器接收到的地脉动信号的水平向与垂直向（H／V）谱进行反演来估计地下土层S波速度（VS）剖面的方法。为此，推导出了计算层状半空间中传播的面波H／V谱的理论公式，并且同时考虑了基阶及高阶振型的影响。然后提出了一种用地脉动H／V谱估计地下土层S波速度剖面的反演分析方法。假设浅部土层的VS值或厚度已知，求其余未知量。在6个不同场地上对观测的地脉动H／V谱进行了反演分析，获得了场地的浅部S波速度剖面。该结果与这些场地上已有的速度测井资料相一致，它和反演值之间的标准误差小于0．1，最大误差为0．2。 相似文献
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《内陆地震》2021,(1)
收集和田市已有75个钻孔数据,统计各个钻孔的等效剪切波速值并确定覆盖层厚度,建立钻孔信息数据库,以此构建地统计分析的样本。在研究样本数据分布规律、统计数据趋势分析的基础上,采用普通克里格插值算法,计算未知点的覆盖层厚度和等效剪切波速值,从而得到其空间分布结果,该结果以栅格数据模型表示。最后通过对比测试样本对该结果进行了验证。结果表明,和田市场地工程地质条件空间分布栅格数据模型较真实地反映了其沉积分布规律。今后在该栅格数据模型的基础上根据需要可以快速、有效得到研究范围内任何地点的覆盖层厚度和等效剪切波速值,这些预测值能满足一般建设工程建筑的场地类别划分需要。 相似文献
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在研究西安地区大量钻孔资料的基础上,构造了44个不同等效剪切波速和覆盖层厚度场地条件下的典型场地剖面,利用一维等效线性化地震反应分析方法,计算了不同场地在3种不同强度的地震动输入下的地面峰值加速度,分析了地震动峰值加速度放大系数ks随场地类别、等效剪切波速Vse、覆盖层厚度H和输入地震动强度ar的变化特征,指出了按场地类别对地震动峰值加速度调整存在的问题。分析结果表明,加速度放大系数随等效剪切波速、覆盖层厚度及基岩输入地震动强度的增大而减小;等效剪切波速对加速度放大系数的影响大于覆盖层厚度的影响,随着输入地震动强度的增大,覆盖层厚度对加速度放大系数的影响成份有逐渐加大的趋势;覆盖层厚度对加速度放大系数的影响程度随着等效剪切波速的增大而逐渐减弱;加速度放大系数与场地等效剪切波速和覆盖层厚度之间具有较高的拟合度的统计回归关系。由此提出了直接用场地等效剪切波速和覆盖层厚度对地震动峰值加速度进行调整的新途径。最后,就地震动峰值加速度随场地条件的调整方法,提出了有待进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
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基于四川石棉县安顺场隐伏断层穿越区的60余次环境噪声测试,探讨了隐伏断层对环境噪声H/V谱比特征的影响,并且通过研究区所获卓越频率对其覆盖层厚度进行估算,以覆盖层厚度的变化揭示了隐伏断层的行迹。结果显示:① 在排除可能受河流影响引发的高频区后,隐伏断层带处的H/V谱比曲线多呈现高频、低放大系数和多峰值频率等特点;② 覆盖层厚度在部分强风化区和河流高频区存在5—10 m的差异;③ 环境噪声阵列反演所得部分覆盖层厚度变化较大区域与隐伏断层的形迹吻合。 相似文献
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In this paper, the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport, such as precipitation depth, discharge, and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed, a trend analysis on sediment concentration, precipitation depth, and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations （CSs）, as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations （GSs） are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The rtmoff modulus （defined as the annual average discharge per unit area, L/（s·km^2）） and the sediment transport modulus （defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area, t/（yr km^2）） are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m^3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m^3. However, the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m^3 and occurs in July, which has an average discharge of 42.6 m^3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August, the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then, the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. 相似文献
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Observations of trace gases (SO2, NH3, NO2 and O3) were made during the period 1981 to 1984 at 6 different locations representative of urban industrial, urban, nonurban, thermal power plant and marine environment. Diurnal variations of the trace gases were studied in an urban environment. Except in the urban industrial environment, the concentration of NH3 was found in the range of background values. Also, the average concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the different environments were in the order of background values. However, the concentrations of SO2 were substantially higher by about 7 times, in urban industrial and thermal power plant environments. The diurnal variations of SO2, NH3 and NO2 showed anitphase relationship with surface temperature at the urban environment station which is relatively free of industrial pollution. Discussion is centred on trace gas variations in different environments in India together with the values reported for various countries in the world. 相似文献
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Ingvar B. Fridleifsson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):242-252
In an active spreading area like Iceland, where the regional geothermal gradient is in the range 50–150°C/km, it is normally not a problem to find high enough temperature with deep drilling, but the difficulties arise with finding permeable layers at depth within the strata. Various volcanological methods can be applied in the search for aquifers and geothermal reservoir rocks. The flow pattern (as deduced from deuterium studies) indicates that the thermal water flows preferentially along high porosity stratiform horizons and dyke swarms from the recharge areas in the highlands to the hot spring areas in the lowlands. The primary porosity of the volcanic strata is dependent on the chemical composition and the mode of eruption of the volcanic units. Both the reservoir rocks and the flow channels forming the geothermal plumbing system are thought to vary from the Tertiary to the Quaternary provinces due to environmental conditions at the eruptive sites. 相似文献
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3He/4He ratios up to 3.5 times the ratio of atmospheric He were found in groundwater samples. The3He enrichment can be attributed to radiogenic3He produced by in-situ beta-decay of3H. This shows that tritiogenic3He is accumulating in confined waters. From tritiogenic3He and3H concentrations, ages of groundwaters can be calculated. Detection of tritiogenic3He gives a tool to trace a tritium contamination which occurred in the past and cannot be assessed only by the3H counting method. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to estimate likely changes in flood indices under a future climate and to assess the uncertainty in these estimates for selected catchments in Poland. Precipitation and temperature time series from climate simulations from the EURO-CORDEX initiative for the periods 1971–2000, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios have been used to produce hydrological simulations based on the HBV hydrological model. As the climate model outputs for Poland are highly biased, post processing in the form of bias correction was first performed so that the climate time series could be applied in hydrological simulations at a catchment-scale. The results indicate that bias correction significantly improves flow simulations and estimated flood indices based on comparisons with simulations from observed climate data for the control period. The estimated changes in the mean annual flood and in flood quantiles under a future climate indicate a large spread in the estimates both within and between the catchments. An ANOVA analysis was used to assess the relative contributions of the 2 emission scenarios, the 7 climate models and the 4 bias correction methods to the total spread in the projected changes in extreme river flow indices for each catchment. The analysis indicates that the differences between climate models generally make the largest contribution to the spread in the ensemble of the three factors considered. The results for bias corrected data show small differences between the four bias correction methods considered, and, in contrast with the results for uncorrected simulations, project increases in flood indices for most catchments under a future climate. 相似文献
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This paper briefly summarizes the works in the processing of strong ground motion data, the factors affecting strong ground motion, the modeling of strong ground motion and the calculating of broad-band response spectrum which have been done recent years by engineering seismologists and seismologists of China. In addition, we think back to the international cooperation in strong ground motion of the recent years and make some expectations for the future. 相似文献