共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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星系红移巡天的一个主要目标是依据光谱红移测距,详细刻画宇宙中星系的三维空间分布。由于星系本动速度的存在,红移空间的星系分布存在着严重畸变,在大小尺度上有着不同模式的各向同性偏离。通过对红移畸变的观测研究,人们可从中获取速度场的信息,因此,红移畸变已成为暗能量探测的重要探针之一,为检验宇宙学尺度上的引力模型提供帮助。当前星系红移巡天项目已经取得了非凡成功,为人们提供了详细的星系空间分布数据。人们据此测量了星系的相关函数和功率谱,提取了精确的红移畸变信号,并通过模型拟合限制出了一批不同红移处宇宙结构增长率的估值,为探索宇宙尺度的引力模式提供了数据支持。主要介绍红移畸变模型、星系红移巡天观测和宇宙结构增长率测量等研究进展。 相似文献
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本文在Wen等人工作的基础上,对CfA红移巡天样本中银道以北和以南天区中星系的大尺度分布分别进行了分维计算并比较其所得结果。分析表明,这两个区域内星系的大尺度分布存在显著差异。说明CfA样本还不能构成代表宇宙大尺度结构的好样本。另一方面,两个区域中样本分析结果又存在着一些明显的共同点:它们都表现出明显的多级分形特征。结合对IRAS星系红移巡天样本和星系分立小天区红移巡天样本的分析结果。我们认为,多级分形很可能是宇宙大尺度结构的一个普遍和重要的特征。本文对这一特征的含义也作了简略的讨论。 相似文献
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从COMBO-17数字巡天数据里,选择了CDFS(Chandra Deep Field South)天区中1231个测光红移在0.1～0.3之间的暗蓝星系作为样本,研究了这些星系分别在只有光学波段和光学加近红外波段数据情况下做测光红移得到的红移分布,以及这些星系在静止参考系下的能谱分布(Spectral Energy Distributions,SEDs)特征.结果表明有183个星系在利用光学加近红外波段数据做测光红移时得到的红移大于1.2,它们的误差为0.046,提高测光的信噪比也有利于区分这类被光学波段误认为低红移的星系.这些暗蓝星系中高红移星系的观测近红外流量相对于光学流量有上升的趋势,而低红移星系的观测近红外流量相对于光学流量有下降的趋势. 相似文献
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《天文学进展》2015,(2)
星系红移巡天中的红移畸变效应是指由星系本动速度引起的,观测到红移空间中星系成团性呈现各向异性的效应。它是很重要的宇宙学探针,能够帮助我们重构宇宙结构形成的历史,结合宇宙膨胀历史的研究,我们可以打破暗能量模型和修正引力模型的简便性,更精确地限制宇宙学参数。随着观测精度的提高,下一代星系红移巡天(DESI,Euclid,LSST等)有望将红移畸变效应测量的统计误差降低到1%左右,然而目前红移畸变模型普遍都还有5%~10%的系统误差,因此,红移畸变模型的精度已经成为这个领域发展的瓶颈。我们介绍了几个主流的红移畸变模型,重点讨论每个模型中采用的假设及其局限性,并提出进一步改进的方向。 相似文献
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本文采用演化星族综合方法，讨论了在低红移因短时间星暴过程而变亮的矮星系族。指出，它们的存在能够与目前暗星系计数和红移巡天结果相容，作为一个附加的星系族，它们较易演化为低面光度的星系而在邻域中探测不到，因此是解释暗星系计数和红移巡天结果的适当候选天体，值得对它们作进一步的研究。 相似文献
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本采用演化星族综合方法，讨论了在低红移因短时间星暴过程而变亮的矮星系统。指出，它们的存在能够与目前暗星系计数和红移巡天结果相容，作为一个附加的星系族，它们较易演化为低面光度的星系而在邻域中探测不到，因此是解释暗星系计数和红移巡天结果的适当候选天体，值得对它们作进一步的研究。 相似文献
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《天文学报》2017,(1)
基于CANDELS(Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey)5个深场巡天的多波段测光数据和HST WFC3(Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3)近红外(F125W和F160W)高分辨率观测图像,利用质量限(恒星质量M_*10~(10)M_⊙)选取了8002个红移分布在1z3范围内的星系样本,并对这些大质量星系的形态和结构性质进行了定量分析研究.通过星系形态的神经网络分类方法(Conv Nets),将样本中的星系划分为4类:椭球星系(SPHeroids,SPH)、早型盘星系(Early-Type Disks,ETD)、晚型盘星系(Late-Type Disks,LTD)和不规则星系(IRRegulars,IRR).结果发现星系的形态和结构随红移发生演化,在高红移宇宙星系主要表现出不规则形态,但到低红移处椭球和盘主导的哈勃星系形态序列已经形成.在相同红移区间内,不同类型星系的物理尺寸(r_e)中值从大到小的排序是IRR、LTD、ETD和SPH,而对应的Sersic指数(n)中值大小排序却相反.另外,不同类型星系的re与红移之间存在明显的演化关系,但这样的现象在平均轴比(b/a)和Sersic指数与红移的关系中并没有被发现. 相似文献
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在对不同光度星系大尺度分布进行空间两点相关函数分析的基础上,仍以CfA红移巡天资料为样本,对不同光度星系分布进行了交叉相关分析。结果表明,不同光度星系间的交叉相关函数仍可近似地以幂函数表示,说明不同光度星系在空间是一起成团的。但在较小尺度上((?)4—6Mpc),光度较高的星系间相关更强,而在更大一些尺度上光度较高的星系间相关减弱更快,甚至变得比与光度较低星系间的相关更弱。结合前面对自相关函数分析的结果可以看到,统计上看来,星系分布形成群和团。群或团中亮的星系形成更致密的分布而较暗的星系则在这些群和团中分布较弥散。此结果表明星系光度和其环境(密度)有关,从而从观测上为Biased星系形成理论提供了一个可能的证据。 相似文献
12.
Steve Hatton † 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,310(4):1128-1136
Recent results from a number of redshift surveys suggest that the Universe is well described by an inhomogeneous, fractal distribution on the largest scales probed. This distribution has been found to have fractal dimension, D , approximately equal to 2.1, in contrast to a homogeneous distribution in which the dimension should approach the value 3 as the scale is increased. In this paper we demonstrate that estimates of D , based on the conditional density of galaxies, are prone to bias from several sources. These biases generally result in a smaller measured fractal dimension than the true dimension of the sample. We illustrate this behaviour in application to the Stromlo–APM redshift survey, showing that this data set in fact provides evidence for fractal dimension increasing with survey depth. On the largest scale probed, r ≈60 h −1 Mpc, we find evidence for a distribution with dimension D =2.76±0.10. A comparison between this sample and mock Stromlo–APM catalogues taken from N -body simulations (which assume a CDM cosmology) reveals a striking similarity in the behaviour of the fractal dimension. Thus we find no evidence for inhomogeneity in excess of that expected from conventional cosmological theory. We consider biases affecting future large surveys and demonstrate, using mock SDSS catalogues, that this survey will be able to measure the fractal dimension on scales at which we expect to see full turn-over to homogeneity, in an accurate and unbiased way. 相似文献
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Fumiaki Nakata Richard G. Bower Michael L. Balogh David J. Wilman 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(2):679-686
We investigate the evolution of the star formation rate in cluster galaxies. We complement data from the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology 1 (CNOC1) cluster survey (0.15 < z < 0.6) with measurements from galaxy clusters in the Two-degree Field (2dF) galaxy redshift survey (0.05 < z < 0.1) and measurements from recently published work on higher-redshift clusters, up to almost z = 1 . We focus our attention on galaxies in the cluster core, i.e. galaxies with r < 0.7 h −1 70 Mpc . Averaging over clusters in redshift bins, we find that the fraction of galaxies with strong [O ii ] emission is ≲20 per cent in cluster cores, and the fraction evolves little with redshift. In contrast, field galaxies from the survey show a very strong increase over the same redshift range. It thus appears that the environment in the cores of rich clusters is hostile to star formation at all the redshifts studied. We compare this result with the evolution of the colours of galaxies in cluster cores, first reported by Butcher and Oemler. Using the same galaxies for our analysis of the [O ii ] emission, we confirm that the fraction of blue galaxies, which are defined as galaxies 0.2 mag bluer in the rest-frame B – V than the red sequence of each cluster, increases strongly with redshift. Because the colours of galaxies retain a memory of their recent star formation history, while emission from the [O ii ] line does not, we suggest that these two results can best be reconciled if the rate at which the clusters are being assembled is higher in the past, and the galaxies from which it is being assembled are typically bluer. 相似文献
14.
Joseph A. Muñoz Abraham Loeb 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,386(4):2323-2329
Observational surveys of galaxies are not trivially related to single-epoch snapshots from computer simulations. Observationally, an increase in the distance along the line of sight corresponds to an earlier cosmic time at which the properties of the surveyed galaxy population may change. The effect of observing a survey volume along the light cone must be considered in the regime where the mass function of galaxies varies exponentially with redshift. This occurs when the haloes under consideration are rare, that is either when they are very massive or observed at high redshift. While the effect of the light cone is negligible for narrow-band surveys of Lyα emitters, it can be significant for dropout surveys of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) where the selection functions of the photometric bands are broad. Since there are exponentially more haloes at the low-redshift end of the survey, the low-redshift tail of the selection function contains a disproportionate fraction of the galaxies observed in the survey. This leads to a redshift probability distribution for the dropout LBGs with a mean less than that of the photometric selection function (PHSF) by an amount of order the standard deviation of the PHSF. The inferred mass function of galaxies is then shallower than the true mass function at a single redshift with the abundance at the high-mass end being twice or more as large as expected. Moreover, the statistical moments of the count of galaxies calculated ignoring the light-cone effect deviate from the actual values. 相似文献
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《New Astronomy》2022
Multiple observations made by several different telescopes have shown asymmetry between the number of spiral galaxies rotating in opposite directions in different parts of the sky. One of the immediate questions regarding the possible asymmetry of the spin directions is whether the distribution forms a cosmological-scale axis. This paper analyzes and compares 10 different datasets published in the past decade, collected by SDSS, Pan-STARRS, and Hubble Space Telescope. The datasets contain spiral galaxies separated by their spin direction, and the distribution can show dipole axes. The analysis shows that the directions of the most probable dipole axes are consistent in datasets that have similar average redshift, but different between datasets that have different average redshift. The analysis also shows that the location of the most probable axis correlates with the average redshift of the galaxies in the datasets. That is, the location of the most probable axis shifts when the redshift gets higher, and the correlation is statistically significant. This provides a certain indication of a drift in a possible axis formed by the distribution of galaxy spin directions, or a cosmological scale structure that peaks at a certain distance from Earth. 相似文献
16.
We present results of an investigation of clustering evolution of field galaxies between a redshift of z ∼ 1 and the present epoch. The current analysis relies on a sample of ∼ 14000 galaxies in two fields of the COMBO 17 survey.
The redshift distribution extends to z ∼ 1. The amplitude of the three-dimensional correlation function can be estimated by means of the projected correlation function
w(r
p
). The validity of the deprojection was tested on the Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS). In a flat cosmology with non-zero
cosmological constant for bright galaxies (M
B ≤-18) the clustering growth is proportional to (1+z)
-2. However, the measured clustering evolution clearly depends on Hubble type. While locally the clustering strength of early
type galaxies is equal to that of the bright galaxies, at high redshifts they are much stronger clustered, and thus the clustering
has to evolve much more slowly.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
基于N体数值模拟技术,给出在各种宇宙学模型框架下,产生LAMOST红移巡天的模拟样本的方法．在模拟样本构造中,采用双参数的tagrange偏袒模型,并结合LAMOST的设计,考虑了径向选择效应及巡天几何的限制;同时还根据星系形态和环境的关系,进一步对模拟样本的星系形态进行分类．选择APM的亮星系样本对模型进行检验,并通过计算其角相关函数和模型进行比较．计算结果表明,对包括所有形态的星系样本,模拟样本给出了和观测相符的结果,而对基于Postman和Geller的形态一环境关系所得到的不同形态的模拟星系分布,模拟样本中的椭圆星系和透镜星系不足以解释APM亮星系样本中的成团强度,即强偏袒效应．最后,从实测角度出发,对采用的模拟方法和样本进行评估． 相似文献