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1.
北票-义县地区义县组珍稀化石层位对比及时代 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
北票-义县地区义县组以火山-沉积地层为主体,具有4个火山活动亚旋回,生物化石主要形成于第一、第二、第四亚旋回期间,构成了3个产出层位.以中华龙鸟、孔子鸟、辽宁古果为代表的珍稀化石组合产在义县组二段中,形成于125~127Ma期间.枕状熔岩、淬火岩等特殊岩石的出现和高频层序地层研究表明,北票、义县地区的含珍稀化石沉积层(义县组二段)都处于相对较深的湖盆沉积环境,表现为湖扩展体系域沉积,两地含珍稀化石沉积地层层位基本相当.义县组形成于135~120Ma期间,属于早白垩世.多方面证据表明侏罗系-白垩系界限应当置于义县组底界. 相似文献
2.
1：5万区域地质调查表明，四合屯一上园地区的珍稀化石沉积层为同一时期的陆相湖泊沉积物，相当于义县组的中部层位，该湖泊早期发育在李八朗沟－四合屯－黄半吉沟一带，中晚期沉积中心向东北部迁移，水体面积逐渐扩大，最终到达上园一带，在湖泊的扩展及演化过程中，常伴随有火山活动，在四合屯一带就发现了湖相枕状熔岩，珍稀化石学积层之下发育四套旋回性非常明显的爆发－沉积相，爆发相和溢流相的基性－中基性火山岩组合，在沉积层的上部，出现一套酸性的火山爆发物，该沉积层形成之后，区内出现一期广泛的基性火山岩活动，在不同地域，火山－沉积岩石组有较大的变化，这种变化可能受制于古地貌背景的差异。 相似文献
3.
枕状熔岩是海相火山岩的一种特有产出形式,在海相中基性火山岩中普遍发育。基性枕状熔岩往往构成蛇绿岩套的重要组成部分,具有重要的理论研究价值．但在中酸性火山岩中的枕状熔岩则极为罕见,目前仅在我国的白银厂产出有角斑质岩枕（彭礼贵等,１９９５;ＬｉＺｈｉｐｅｉｅｔａｌ,１９９６）．本文较详细地描述了北祁连山西段首次发现的英安质枕状熔岩的产出状态和岩石学特征,并在岩石化学方面与白银厂角斑岩进行对比。认为北祁连山西段英安质枕状熔岩,是海底火山作用发展到岩浆房中的岩浆过剩压小于某一临界值时发生溢流作用（Ｗｏｏｄｓ,Ｗ．Ａ．,１９９５）而喷出的岩浆流所形成．对于英安质岩枕中的富硅包裹体－硅质岩提出的三种可能成因即外来硅质岩团块、杏仁体和岩浆喷发后因物理化学条件的突变所造成的岩浆不混熔液珠,尚需更多的地质、地球化学资料来证实。 相似文献
4.
西准噶尔玛依勒山枕状熔岩地质特征及大地构造意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
玛依勒蛇绿混杂岩带位于西准噶尔增生造山带西南缘.本文重点研究分布于玛依勒山一带枕状熔岩的地质地球化学特征和形成时代,为讨论西准噶尔造山带的形成演化提供依据.玛依勒山蛇绿混杂岩剖面中枕状熔岩、放射虫硅质岩和岩墙等出露较齐全,枕状熔岩为一套碱性玄武岩,源区为富集地幔,构造环境可能为洋盆中海山或洋岛.枕状熔岩Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄为(435.3±6.5)Ma和(432.5±7.4)Ma,说明其形成时代为志留纪.奥陶—志留纪时,沿玛依勒一线可能出现较开阔的洋盆,现存的玛依勒枕状熔岩和超镁铁质岩代表了志留纪海山或洋岛残片. 相似文献
5.
四合屯及其周边地区义县组火山活动对生物灾难事件的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
野外填图证实 ,四合屯及其周边地区热河生物群化石主要产于义县组下部的沉凝灰岩和中部的内陆湖泊相沉积岩之中。综合研究还发现 ,上述化石层之中发育有火山弹、湖泊相枕状熔岩以及数层火山碎屑和火山灰物质 ;在产有珍稀鸟类、爬行类以及早期被子植物化石的岩石中 ,As,Hg ,S的含量明显高于相关的对比层。种种迹象表明 ,四合屯及其周边地区的义县组火山活动所产生的熔岩流和有毒、有害气体以及频繁爆发的火山灰等是造成热河生物群灾难事件并使其得以保存的主要因素 相似文献
6.
辽阳河栏地区辽河群中变质基性熔岩的锆石U-Pb年龄与形成构造背景 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
在海城－草河口的北辽河群中分布大量变质基性火山岩和基性岩墙,其中辽阳河栏镇南部大石桥组中的基性火山岩保存有良好的枕状构造。这些变质枕状熔岩化学成分上低碱低钾富铁,具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩的特征,岩石稀土和微量元素特征指示变质枕状熔岩形成于与岛弧相关的构造背景,很可能是弧后盆地环境的产物,而非大陆裂谷。锆石年代学研究显示：变质枕状熔岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为（1 869±28） Ma;变辉绿岩墙的形成年龄为（1 828±13） Ma,并有一组~2 080 Ma的捕获锆石年龄;花岗伟晶岩锆石U-Pb年龄为（1 869.7±7.6） Ma。结合岩石的产出状态和前人研究资料:推测变质枕状熔岩形成年龄为~1 880 Ma,可以代表北大石桥组的形成时代;花岗伟晶岩的年龄为~1 860 Ma,可作为造山作用结束的标志;变基性岩墙为~1 830 Ma,可作为后造山伸展张裂的标志。 相似文献
7.
辽宁省四合屯-上园地区珍稀化石沉积层的产出特征及其形成环境 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
1∶5万区域地质调查表明,四合屯—上园地区的珍稀化石沉积层为同一时期的陆相湖泊沉积物,相当于义县组的中部层位。该湖泊早期发育在李八郎沟—四合屯—黄半吉沟一带,中晚期沉积中心向东北部迁移,水体面积逐渐扩大,最终到达上园一带。在湖泊的扩展及演化过程中,常伴随有火山活动,在四合屯一带就发现了湖相枕状熔岩。珍稀化石沉积层之下发育四套旋回性非常明显的爆发—沉积相、爆发相和溢流相的基性—中基性火山岩石组合。在沉积层的上部,出现一套酸性的火山爆发物。该沉积层形成之后,区内出现一期广泛的基性火山岩活动。在不同地域,火山—沉积岩石组合有较大的变化,这种变化可能受制于古地貌背景的差异。 相似文献
8.
枕状熔岩是海相火山岩的一种特有产出形式,在海相中基性火山岩中普遍发育。基性枕状熔岩往往构成蛇绿岩的重要组成部分,具有重要的理论研究价值,但在中酸性火山岩中习 则极为罕见,目前仅在我国的白银厂产出有角斑质岩枕礼贵等,１９９５;ＬｉＺｈｉｐｅｉｅｔ ａｌ,１９９６）,本文较详细地描述了北祁连山西段首次发现的英安质枕状熔岩的产出状态和岩石学特征,并在岩石化学方面与白银厂角斑岩进行对比。认为北祁连山西段英 相似文献
9.
下面选编的几张照片是新疆北部不同地区、不同地质时代的枕状熔岩。 1和2表示西准噶尔唐巴勒地区中奥陶统科克沙依组中的枕状熔岩。在岩枕的表面往往有一层厚约0.5厘米的球颗玄武岩。岩枕与岩枕之间凝灰物质很少。 3表示西准噶尔萨尔托海下石炭统火山岩组中的枕状熔岩。出露于断层旁,被构造劈理强烈破坏。 4和5表示阿勒泰镇中泥盆统枕状熔岩,已变质成辉石角闪片岩;但枕状结构仍完好地保 相似文献
10.
义县组底部层位发现恐龙化石 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
义县组是一套中生代火山-沉积地层,含有丰富的以热河生物群为代表的生物化石.20世纪80年代以来,在义县组沉积夹层中陆续发现珍稀鸟类、小型兽脚类恐龙中华龙鸟,以及原始被子植物辽宁古果等珍稀化石,但是有关珍稀化石沉积层的空间分布、上下层位关系、沉积环境和时代归属等问题,一直悬而未决,中国地质调查局东北地区地调中心从1999年10月开始,对辽宁省北票市-义县之间的义县组进行了1：5万区域地质调查填图,不仅确定了珍稀化石沉积层在地层层序中的确切位置,而且在珍稀化石沉积层以下,即义县组底部发现了大量恐龙化石. 相似文献
11.
Carl Ehlers 《Precambrian Research》1976,3(5):481-504
Supracrustal rocks form a trough-like prolonged syncline surrounded by granitic rocks.They consist of quartz-feldspar schists (leptites) overlain by amphibolites. The stratigraphic succession in the syncline is as follows: undermost lie leptites followed by amphibolitic pillow lavas, which are gradually superseded by pillow breccias and agglomerates. A small area of polygonally jointed amphibolites lies above the pillow breccias. The succession gives the impression of volcanic activity in a gradually declining depth of water.The pillow lavas and agglomerates are commonly flattened or elongated and only locally undeformed. Elongation-type deformation is most pronounced in the agglomerates of the central parts of the syncline, where it now reaches its maximum breadth. The axial ratios of the elongated agglomerate fragments are approx. 2/3/75. Around the margins of the syncline the pillow lavas are strongly flattened. The most flattened pillows have axial ratios of approx 1/60/60.The flattening deformation in the adjacent leptitic rocks can be estimated from boudinage and folding in numerous pegmatite dikes. The estimated deformation in the leptites agrees reasonably well with the observed deformation in the adjacent pillow lavas.A gravitative sinking of the dense amphibolites into the underlying granitic material could possibly account for variations in the type of deformation within the syncline. 相似文献
12.
藏北湖区拉弄蛇绿岩枕状玄武岩地球化学特征及其成因 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
微量元素分析结果表明,藏北湖区拉弄蛇绿岩中枕状玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素Sr、Ba和放射性生热元素Th,且Rb变化混乱;Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,显示出TNT(Ta、Nb和Ti)的负异常现象,具有岛弧型火山岩的特点;而在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图中显示平坦型曲线,玄武岩的(La/Yb)N和(Ce/Yb)N比值同N-MORB接近,表现出N-MORB的特征。通过对其构造环境的判别,并结合蛇绿岩与相邻地质体的关系,提出拉弄蛇绿岩可能是北侧的新特提斯洋在中晚侏罗世向南俯冲消减过程中,在其后缘诱发拉张作用引起次级弧后扩张,形成了新的俯冲带之上的弧后盆地大洋岩石圈,并在后来的拼贴过程中蛇绿岩构造就位于此。 相似文献
13.
J.A. Pearce 《Tectonophysics》1975,25(1-2)
Study of the geochemical fingerprints of four geologically distinct suites of volcanic rocks on Cyprus are used to sketch a tectonic history of the island. Lavas from the Mamonia complex resemble alkalic within-plate basalts; lower pillow lavas and diabases of the Troodos Massif have features both of ocean-floor and island-arc tholeiites and could have been erupted in an interarc basin; the upper pillow lavas of the Troodos Massif resemble primitive tholeiitic basalts from island arcs; lavas from the Kyrenia range resemble transitional to alkalic within-plate basalts. The low TiO2 concentrations from the Troodos Massif may indicate a slow spreading rate. The Sr concentrations in the upper pillow lavas indicate an eruption at a maximum distance of 80 km above a Benioff zone. The results suggest formation of the Troodos Massif in the Campanian by spreading in an interarc basin followed by eruption of island-arc tholeiites. Obduction of continental material and ocean islands may have taken place in the Maestrichtian and Middle Miocene. 相似文献
14.
Important mafic–ultramafic masses have been located for the first time in the intersection area between the Keraf Shear Zone and the Nakasib Suture Zone of the Nubian Shield. The masses, comprising most of the members of the ophiolite suite, are Sotrebab and Qurun complexes east of the Nile, and Fadllab complex west of the Nile. The new mafic–ultramafic masses are located on the same trend of the ophiolitic masses decorating the Nakasib Suture. A typical complete ophiolite sequence has not been observed in these complexes, nevertheless, the mafic–ultramafic rocks comprise basal unit of serpentinite and talc chlorite schists overlain by a thick cumulate facies of peridotites, pyroxenites and layered gabbros overlain by basaltic pillow lavas with dolerite dykes and screens of massive gabbros. Associated with pillow lavas are thin layers of carbonates and chert. The best section of cumulate mafic–ultramafic units has been observed in Jebel Qurun and El Fadlab complexes, comprising peridotites, pyroxenites and layered gabbros. Dolerite dykes and screens of massive gabbros have been observed with basaltic pillow lava sections in Wadi Dar Tawaiy. The basal ultramafic units of the complexes have been fully or partly retrograded to chlorite magnetite schist and talc to talc-carbonate rocks (listowenites), especially in the Jebel Qurun and Sotrebab complexes. Petrographically, the gabbros (layered and massive) and the basaltic pillow lavas show mineral assemblages of epidote amphibolite facies. The mafic members from the three complexes show a clear tholeiitic trend and oceanic floor affinity. The pillow lavas plot in the field of oceanic floor basalt, namely in the back arc field. Primitive mantle normalized spider diagram of the pillow lavas reveals a closer correspondence to Enrich-Mid-Oceanic Ridge Basalt (E-MORB) type, which is confirmed by the flat chondrite normalized Rare Earth Elements (REE) pattern. Field, petrographical and geochemical evidence supports ophiolitic origin of the three complexes. The newly discovered ophiolitic complexes mark the western continuation of the Nakasib Suture Zone. 相似文献
15.
M. Yu. Promyslova L. I. Demina A. Yu. Bychkov A. I. Gushchin N. V. Koronovsky V. V. Tsarev 《Geotectonics》2016,50(1):21-34
An ophiolitic association consisting of serpentinized ultramafic rocks and serpentinite, layered mafic–ultramafic complex, gabbro and gabbrodolerite, fragments of parallel dike complex, pillow lava, black bedded chert, and jasper has been identified for the first time by authors in the Cape Fiolent area. The chemistry of pillow lavas and dolerites, including REE patterns and a wide set of other microelements, indicates suprasubduction nature of the ophiolites and their belonging to a backarc basin that has reached the stage of spreading in its evolution. 相似文献
16.
北祁连山中段早中奥陶世蛇绿岩中席状岩墙杂岩的发现及其地质意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
作为蛇绿岩套重要组成部分之一的席状岩墙杂岩(Sheeted dyke complex)近来在北祁连山中段肃南县大岔大坂北坡的早中奥陶世蛇绿岩中被发现。这一发现对于祁连山早古生代蛇绿岩来说尚属首次,而且对于研究蛇绿岩的发展演化及探讨奥陶纪时洋底扩张都有重要意义。席状岩墙杂岩由一系列具单向冷凝边的辉绿岩墙组成,以一墙挨一墙的形式产出,岩墙间无任何填充物。席状岩墙杂岩在矿物组合上,常量元素、稀土元素及痕量元素地球化学特征和配分模式,甚至金属硫化物矿化作用方面都有类似之处。这些证据表明席状岩墙杂岩是连通其下岩浆房与其上枕状熔岩的通道。席状岩墙的单向冷凝边为岩浆上升方式和扩张洋脊的存在提供了令人信服的证据。根据Zr/Y—Zr关系图式,得出该区洋脊的扩张速率大约为2cm/a。 相似文献
17.
N. I. Volkova V. V. Khlestov V. P. Sukhorukov M. V. Khlestov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,467(2):350-354
Geochemical study of the metamorphosed pillow lavas of the Chara Zone revealed that their protoliths have N-MORB compositions. Elevated concentrations of K, Rb, Cs, and lower Ca may be related not to blueschist metamorphism, but rather they may be inherited from underwater alteration of parental basalts. Comparative analysis of the compositions of massive glaucophanites and vein rocks demonstrated the relative mobility of Sr, U, P, Ba, Rb, K, Cs, Ca, and LREEs, at least on the local scale. Their mobility has been provided by fluids circulating in the subduction zone, where the fluids have been generated through slab dehydratation processes. These studies of metamorphosed pillow lavas of the Chara Zone displayed only local alterations in the bulk composition of their protoliths, which evidences a low intensity of fluid flows: this allowed preservation of the geochemistry of oceanic basalts. 相似文献
18.
The magmatic products of the Leka Ophiolite Complex of Lower Ordovician age, indicate formation in different tectonic settings and generation from different mantle sources. Harzburgites of the mantle tectonite, clinopyroxenes from wehrlites of the ultramafic cumulates, the metabasalts of the dyke complex and earliest pillow lavas (IAT/MORB, boninites) all show characteristics compatible with formation above a subduction zone in an intra-oceanic setting. Nd-isotopes indicate that some of the IAT and boninites may have been derived from a source contaminated by continental material, and a CAB source differ significantly from that of the IAT and boninites. The later pillow lavas of MORB composition show only minor influence of subduction-related processes (minor or no negative Ta-anomalies), and the supposed latest volcanic sequence of an alkaline OIB-type, none at all. The MORB- and OIB-type magmas are thought developed by spreading in a back-arc setting, in which the latter magma type developed in a remote position from the subduction zone. 相似文献
19.
通过近年在辽西北票-义县地区的研究,在该区首次发现了多处湖盆环境水下急速冷却机制形成的淬碎熔岩(不同于一般的枕状熔岩),这些淬碎熔岩分别与义县组中不同层位的沉积夹层伴生,其就位年龄应分别代表着相应沉积夹层的年龄.淬碎熔岩分布的主要层位是在北票义县组四合屯(尖山沟)沉积层的上部,义县地区义县组砖城子沉积层的中部、大康堡沉积层上部.即出露于北票四合屯观察哨南侧,义县金家沟、腰马山沟、二道河子、上下崔家沟、陶西沟北部、大康堡地区.本淬碎熔岩的发现及其进一步深入研究,将为解决一直争论中的北票地区义县组和义县地区义县组的对比问题提供依据,还将为进一步正确厘定义县组的范畴、火山活动规模和火山岩层的厚度,探讨义县地区义县火山旋回主喷发期跨越的时限,进而为探讨辽西地区主体引张作用的时限提供重要证据. 相似文献
20.
The Betts Cove ophiolite, Newfoundland, consists of cumulate ultramafics, gabbro/clinopyroxenites, sheeted dikes and pillow lavas. The pillow lavas are divisible into three compositional groups: lower lavas (<0.25 wt.% TiO2), intermediate lavas (0.25–0.50 wt.% TiO2) and upper lavas (>0.7 wt.% TiO2). The lower and intermediate lavas are very depleted in Ti, Zr, Y, P, and REE and have high Al2O3/TiO2 ratios relative to normal oceanic tholeiite. The extreme depletion of these lavas and their dike equivalents (diabase and picrites) suggests they were derived by melting a severely depleted lherzolite. Conversely, the upper lavas, a volumetrically small part of the ophiolite, are compositionally similar to fractionated oceanic tholeiite and thus, their source material may be like that postulated for modern ocean floor basalts. Whereas the majority of basalts in the Betts Cove ophiolite are depleted in incompatible elements, most dikes and lavas from the Blow-MeDown ophiolite, western Newfoundland, are not and have incompatible element concentrations similar to modern oceanic tholeiite. The chemical differences between the two ophiolite massifs are related to melting of ultramafic source materials which are in different states of depletion brought about by previous melting episodes. 相似文献