共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
This paper presents a three-dimensional non-linear finite element (FE) approach to analyse the dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) phenomena observed at the Lotung Large-Scale Seismic Test (LSST) site. The numerical study is carried out in the time domain by a commercial FE code, taking into account the non-linear behaviour of soil and the multi-directional nature of real seismic events. The soil response is simulated by an isotropic hardening elasto-plastic hysteretic model (HSsmall) implemented in the material model library of the code. This model allows to describe the non-linear cyclic response ranging from small to large strain amplitudes and to account for the variation of the initial stiffness with depth.In the paper, the FE numerical approach is first validated through a series of parametric analyses simulating simplified cases (i.e. linear visco-elastic structures founded on a homogeneous linear visco-elastic soil deposit) for which analytical solutions exist. Then, it is adopted to back-analyse the behaviour of the 1/4-scale nuclear power plant containment structure constructed at the Lotung LSST site which was shook by several earthquakes of different intensities and frequency contents. The FE results are thus compared to the recorded in-situ free-field and structural motions, highlighting the satisfactory performance of the numerical model in replicating the observed response. The overall outcome of this research proves that nowadays complex dynamic SSI phenomena can be tackled by direct approach, overpassing the strong simplifications of the well-established substructure approaches. 相似文献
2.
I-Hsuan Ho 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2017,12(4):234-249
This paper presents the analytical methods of slope-stabilising piles using the three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) analysis with the strength reduction method (SRM). This 3-D FE model is employed to overcome the limitations observed in two-dimensional (2-D) FE analysis. The solutions obtained from 3-D FE analyses are verified to be less conservative in this paper. The 3-D analysis is considered to be of particular importance to pile-slope problems. The soil that flows between piles cannot be taken account properly in the 2-D FE analysis. The method adopted in this paper can avoid the assumption of soil movement and the pressure distribution along the piles subjected to soil movement. The numerical analysis employs the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion with the strength reduction technique for soil and an elastic member for piles. The spacing effect of the pile is considered in the 3-D model, the S/D (S: centre to centre, D: diameter of pile) ratio, equal to 4.0, is found to be equivalent to the single pile stabilisation. The middle portion of the slope is identified as the optimal location to place the piles. The proper length of the pile, which can be used to stabilise the slope, is also examined using 3-D FE analyses. It is concluded that L/H greater or equal 0.70 is recommended (L: pile length, H: slope height). The numerical analyses are conducted based on a coupled analysis, which simultaneously considers both the slope stability and the pile response. The failure mechanisms of the pile-slope system subjected to the pile locations, pile head conditions and pile length are each discussed. The contact pressure, shear force and moment along the piles are presented to illustrate the pile stabilising mechanism herein. 相似文献
3.
高速公路路基性态反分析及沉降预报 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
本文用三元件粘弹性流变模型模拟路基土体的流变特性, 根据施工期实测资料, 采用粘弹性有限元和非线性二乘法阻尼优化方法, 反演路基土体的地质力学参数, 然后计算路面铺筑后的工后沉降, 编制了土体粘弹性有限元正反分析程序, 并对沪宁高速公路某路段进行了反分析计算, 得到了满意的结果。 相似文献
4.
Multiline tunneling construction in soft soil significantly impedes risk control and environmental protection. Current research has investigated on the effect of single-line shield excavation on surrounding environments and tunneling for parallel-crossing or perpendicular down-crossing underground structures. However, minimal attention has been given to soil disturbances induced by multiline tunneling and complex overlapped interaction mechanics for adjacent structures, such as existing above-crossing and down-crossing subway tunnels. Few studies focus on oblique crossing construction and setting rules for the operation parameters of shield machines. Based on the Shanghai Railway transportation project and in situ monitoring data, the deformation analyses of existing subway tunnels induced by an earth pressure balance (EPB) shield during the process of above-overlapped and down-overlapped crossing tunnels with oblique angles are presented. The deformation analyses employ the three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) numerical simulation method, and the simplified analytical method. The analysis results from the theoretical methods are consistent with the monitoring data. The setting rules of multiline propulsion main parameters, including the earth pressure for cutting open, and the synchronized grouting, are also established. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the development of properly overlapped crossing schemes and geotechnical protective measures during multiline tunneling construction in soft soil. 相似文献
5.
将解析反演和数值反演相结合,对试验毛洞的断面形状和所处应力场做出适当的简化,利用对应性原理求解出洞室位移的Kelvin粘弹性解,并以此去拟合试验洞不同位置处的实测位移而得到多组流变参数;分别将其作为FLAC3D数值模型蠕变模式的输入参数,得出各自对应的实际断面形状和实际应力场条件下试验洞的蠕变位移数值解。然后,利用BP神经网络,对各组流变参数和其对应的试验洞同一位置处的蠕变位移数值解进行训练,建立起两者之间的非线性关系;利用训练好的网络,依据实测蠕变位移值得出了围岩流变参数;最后,利用隧道实测位移数据对反演的流变参数进行了数值正分析验证。 相似文献
6.
7.
Analogue models often require that materials with specific physical properties be engineered to satisfy scaling conditions. To achieve this goal we investigate the rheology of aqueous solutions of Natrosol 250 HH, a rheology modifier employed in various industries to thicken viscous solutions. We report the rheological properties as functions of the concentration and temperature and discuss the advantages and limitations of these materials in view of their use in analogue modelling experiments. The solutions are linear visco-elastic for low stresses (or strain-rates), becoming shear-thinning for larger stresses. For the typically slow analogue experiments of tectonics, the solutions can be considered linear visco-elastic with a Maxwell relaxation time much smaller than the characteristic observation time. This simplification is even more appropriate when the solutions are employed at temperatures higher than 20 °C, since the solutions then display a behaviour that is more viscous, less elastic at the same shear-rate, while the Newtonian viscosity reduces and the shear-rate limit between Newtonian and shear-thinning behaviours increases. The Newtonian viscosity is shown to increase non-linearly with concentration and decrease non-linearly with temperature. With concentrations between 0 and 3% and temperature between 20 and 40 °C, the viscosity varied between 10−1 and 4000 Pa s, while the density remained close to the density of water. Natrosol 250 HH thus offers the possibility to control the viscosity of a solution without significantly affecting the density, thereby facilitating the design and setup of analogue experiments. 相似文献
8.
Shunsuke Sakurai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1978,2(2):159-175
The pressure acting on tunnel support structures generally increases with lapse in time. The pressure increase may be caused by not only the time-dependent mechanical properties of the underground medium, but also by the progression of the tunnel face. In order to clarify these two effects, three-dimensional analysis is required. In this study, however, a method which takes into account the three-dimensional effects of the tunnel face progression in two-dimensional plane strain analyses is proposedby introducing the ‘equivalent intial stress’. The proposed method can be easily applied to time-dependent analyses of the behaviour of tunnel support structures installed in a visco-elastic medium. The tunnels considered here are circular in shape, being driven in homogeneous isotropic linear visco-elastic media having hydrostatic initial stresses. In the first part of this paper, detailed discussions of the proposed equivalent initial stress are given. The second deals with the mathematical formulations for obtaining closed-form solutions for the pressure acting on tunnel support structures. In the third, numerical results and discussions are given, and special attetion is paid to the effects of both the time-dependent mechanical properties of the material and the tunnel face progression. Finally, the theoretical results obtained here are utilized for interpretation of field measurements. 相似文献
9.
Summary The visco-plastic behaviour of rocks plays a relevant role in the tunnelling works, especially for deep tunnels subjected
to large initial stresses for which squeezing conditions may develop. A rheological model is discussed that accounts for visco-elastic
(primary) and visco-plastic (secondary) contributions to rock creep. The effects of tertiary creep are included in the model
by way of a gradual mechanical damage governed by the cumulated visco-plastic strains. The parameters of the intact rock are
first identified based on laboratory test results presented in the literature. Then, after scaling them to those of the rock
mass, the potential applicability of the model is tested through axisymmetric and plane strain finite element analyses of
the full face excavation of a deep circular tunnel. The results are discussed with particular reference to the short term
redistribution of stresses around the opening and to its convergence. The analyses show the relevant influence of tertiary
creep on the tunnel closure. In addition, those based on an axisymmetric scheme turn out to be crucial for the correct long
term prediction of the interaction between the rock mass and the supporting structure of the opening. 相似文献
10.
《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(3):195-207
This paper presents the finite element (FE) analysis of the consolidation of the foundation of an embankment constructed over soft clay deposit which shows significant time dependent behaviour and was improved with prefabricated vertical drains. To assess the capability of a simple elastic viscoplastic (EVP) model to predict the long term performance of a geotechnical structure constructed on soft soils, a well documented (Leneghans) embankment was analyzed to predict its long term behaviour characteristics. Two fully coupled two dimensional (2D) plane strain FE analyses have been carried out. In one of these, the foundation of the embankment was modelled with a relatively simpler time dependent EVP model and in the other one, for comparison purposes, the foundation soil was modelled with elasto-plastic Modified Cam-clay (MCC) model. Details of the analyses and the results are discussed in comparison with the field performance. Predictions from the creep (EVP) model were found to be better than those from Elasto-plastic (MCC) analysis. However, the creep analysis requires an additional parameter and additional computational time and resources. 相似文献
11.
由无黏粗颗粒与黏性泥浆组成的黏性碎屑流,其运动过程会产生不连续变形,基于连续介质假定的流体理论无法描述。根据散体材料理论,在考虑黏性泥浆影响情况下,以PFC3D为平台,编写黏性碎屑坡面运动数值模型试验程序,根据泥浆（成都黏土,密度1.413 g/cm3）室内拉伸试验和旋转剪切试验结果,设置数值模型参数,开展黏性碎屑流坡面运动数值模型试验,再现黏性碎屑坡面运动过程及运动过程中不连续变形现象,并通过同尺寸黏性碎屑坡面运动物理模型试验进行验证。结果表明：基于散体材料理论的PFC3D离散单元法能很好地再现黏性碎屑坡面运动过程及运动过程中不连续变形现象,为深入分析黏性泥浆介质影响下黏性碎屑坡面运动过程提供新的途径。 相似文献
12.
针对锦屏II水电站深埋引水隧洞高地应力、强渗透压的复杂赋存环境及硬脆性岩体的特点,采用凝聚力弱化-摩擦强化（CWFS）模型反映岩体的脆塑性变形特点。采用黏弹性模型反映其黏性变形规律,基于现场的位移监测资料,通过遗传规划和粒子群算法的流变模型及参数识别方法得到黏弹脆塑性流变模型及其参数,利用大型岩土工程分析软件FLAC3D,模拟了隧洞群岩体的流变力学行为、喷锚支护型式及其与围岩相互作用机制以及工程结构体在高渗透压下的流固耦合效应。通过模拟结果的分析,采用位移、位移速率、应力、破坏接近度及支护结构的受力状况等状态信息的综合集成分析方法,对此工程围岩及结构体在复杂赋存环境中的长期稳定性状态进行了评价,并论证了现有设计方案的合理性,为指导工程设计和施工起到重要的作用。 相似文献
13.
14.
为研究综合管廊动力边界条件对地震动力响应的影响,以厦门地区的代表性土层为例,建立动力有限元数值模型,土体本构采用小应变硬化模型,分别设定固定边界、黏性边界和自由场3种人工边界条件,进行Rayleigh波和地震底部剪切波作用下的场地响应研究;并根据变形特征及拟绝对加速度反应谱（PSA）评价3种边界的有效性,提出综合管廊地震动力分析的优化动力边界组合方法。研究表明：在地震波（底部水平加速度时程）及Rayleigh波的作用下,由于考虑了黏性边界对外行波的吸收,但未考虑地震动的输入问题及边界外半无限介质的弹性恢复性能,边界会对模型内部土体的水平位移产生限制作用,使得场地内水平位移响应偏小,而采用自由场边界则基本不存在这种限制作用,表现出强烈的振荡;采用激励侧固定边界、远离激励侧黏性边界、其余侧自由场边界的优化组合动力边界,在Rayleigh波和底部加速度时程共同作用下,二者引起的动力响应交叉干扰较少,可按线性叠加处理;同时,黏性边界对地震波引起的动力响应有一定范围的吸收,自由场边界对Rayleigh波引起的动力响应也有一定范围的变形限制影响。研究成果可供地下综合管廊结构地震响应精细化数值模拟及抗震设计参考。 相似文献
15.
The scope of this paper is the analysis of full-height bridge abutments on pile foundations, installed through soft soils, with a commercially available finite element software and soil model. Well-documented centrifuge test data were used as reference. Excess pore pressures developed in the clay layer, vertical and horizontal movements of the soft clay, pile displacements and bending moments, and abutment wall bending moments were chosen for comparison, since they are the most critical parameters for observation and design. Additionally, the validity of an analytical method (SIMPLE), which was proposed to analyse the piled abutments subjected to nearby surcharge loading, is discussed. This soil-structure interaction problem has been investigated over the last three decades, using either field or centrifuge tests, accompanied by FE analyses. Special modelling techniques and advanced soil models were used in these numerical studies to establish the most representative field behaviour. However, since the codes or techniques used in these advanced FE analyses are neither very practical nor easily accessible, it is difficult to employ them consistently in design. Thus, the results of this study are intended to provide some guidelines for designers, and to bring insight about the interacting mechanisms into the design process. 相似文献
16.
桩土相互作用对基桩定量分析的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基桩完整性定量分析与往土相互作用特性有关，桩土相互作用可用线性阻尼壶来模拟，文中讨论了桩土相互作用模型参数对计算结果的影响。在桩上相互作用下，应力波在桩身中传播呈指数形式衰减，确定衰减系数之后，用反射波峰值与人射波峰值比较便可近似确定桩身异常处截面完整系数。 相似文献
17.
Modulus of subgrade reaction is one of the required design parameters in any structural analyses of shallow foundations. However, the constant values of modulus of subgrade reaction that are determined from either from literature studies or the results of plate load tests, regardless of magnitude of soil’s displacement under design loads, have been used in structural designs of foundations. In this study, the results of 43 published full-scale field plate load tests in cohesionles soils were gathered to expose any variation in the values of modulus of subgrade reaction as soil’s displacement increases. Extensive finite element (FE) analyses were carried out while the results of FE analyses were compared with actual measured results of field load tests. The results of analyses indicated that both the modulus of subgrade reaction decrease with increase in magnitude of displacement of soils and internal forces of a design of structural frame is higher with the values of modulus of subgrade reaction that are sensitive to soil’s displacement are implemented into analyses. Therefore, structural dimensions of any structure with the constant values of modulus of subgrade reaction would not be a precise engineering solution. 相似文献
18.
Semi-Analytic Modelling of Subsidence 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper presents a forward model for subsidence prediction caused by extraction of hydrocarbons. The model uses combinations
of analytic solutions to the visco-elastic equations, which approximate the boundary conditions. There are only a few unknown
parameters to be estimated, and, consequently, calculations are very fast. The semi-analytic model is applicable to a uniform
and layer-cake stratigraphy, with visco-elastic parameters changing per layer, and an arbitrary depletion pattern. By its
capabilities to handle a multi-layered visco-elastic subsurface, the semi-analytic model fills the gap between the analytic
single-layered elastic models available to date and the more elaborate numerical, e.g. finite element, models. 相似文献
19.
In this study, upper bound finite element (FE) limit analysis is applied to stability problems of slopes using a nonlinear criterion. After formulating the upper bound analysis as the dual form of a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem, the stress field and corresponding shear strength parameters can be determined iteratively. Thus, the nonlinear failure criterion is represented by the shear strength parameters associated with stress so that the analysis of slope stability using a nonlinear failure criterion can be transformed into the traditional upper bound method with a linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Comparison with published solutions illustrates the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method for a simple homogeneous slope stability problem. The proposed approach is also applied to a seismic stability problem for a rockfill dam to study the influence of different failure criterions on the upper bound solutions. The results show that the seismic stability coefficients obtained using two different nonlinear failure criteria are similar but that the convergence differs significantly. 相似文献
20.
Experimental and numerical investigations into the bearing capacity of circular footing on geogrid-reinforced compacted granular fill layer overlying on natural clay deposit have been conducted in this study. A total of 8 field tests were carried out using circular model rigid footing with a diameter of 0.30 m. 3D numerical analyses were performed to simulate soil behavior using finite element program Plaxis 3D Foundation. The results from the FE analysis are in very good agreement with the experimental observations. It is shown that the degree of improvement depends on thickness of granular fill layer and properties and configuration of geogrid layers. Parameters of the experimental and numerical analyses include depth of first reinforcement, vertical spacing of reinforcement layers. The results indicate that the use of geogrid-reinforced granular fill layers over natural clay soils has considerable effects on the bearing capacity and significantly reduces the lateral displacement and vertical displacement of the footing. 相似文献