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1.
云南都龙超大型锡锌多金属矿床中闪锌矿微量及稀土元素地球化学特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
云南马关都龙锡锌多金属矿床位于滇东南老君山锡锌钨多金属成矿区南部,是我国三大锡石硫化物矿床之一,目前对其矿床成因认识存在较大分歧。本文采用ICP-MS对都龙矿床中闪锌矿微量元素及稀土元素组成进行分析,以探讨该矿床成矿作用,为甄别已有成因观点提供证据。结果表明,矿床中闪锌矿以富集Fe、Mn、In、Co、Sn和贫Cd、Ga、Ge、Ni等元素为特征,成矿温度属于中—高温,其微量元素组成与白牛厂矿床(与燕山晚期花岗岩有关的矽卡岩型矿床)中的闪锌矿非常相似,和远源矽卡岩型铅锌矿床(核桃坪和芦子园)中闪锌矿存在一定差异,明显有别于喷流沉积型铅锌矿床(云南澜沧老厂和广东大宝山)中闪锌矿。此外,该矿床闪锌矿稀土配分模式多为轻稀土元素富集中等的向右倾斜曲线,以LREE/HREE值高、Eu负异常明显和Ce异常不明显为特征,与矿区燕山晚期隐伏花岗岩稀土元素特征基本一致,成矿物质来源以矿区燕山晚期隐伏花岗岩为主。结合近期矿山开采和地质勘探所揭露的矿化和矽卡岩蚀变的垂向分带等矿床地质特征,认为云南马关都龙锡锌多金属矿床属于与燕山晚期花岗岩有关的矽卡岩型多金属矿床,其中层状矽卡岩的形成应为成矿流体顺层交代的结果,矿化类型和围岩蚀变的分带与隐伏岩体的距离有关。 相似文献
2.
保山镇康地块矽卡岩型铅锌矿床成因初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
保山镇康地块是"三江"南段重要的铅锌多金属成矿区之一,地质构造复杂,铅锌成矿地质条件优越,其中核桃坪与芦子园是近年发现的两个大型铅锌矿床,矿床受近NE向断裂、背斜轴部和地层控制明显,上寒武统核桃坪组与沙河床组大理岩化灰岩为主要赋矿地层,近矿围岩矽卡岩化强烈,流体包裹体,Pb、S、H、O同位素和微量元素等地球化学对比研究表明:核桃坪和芦子园铅锌矿床均经历了中温、高温两个矿化阶段;核桃坪铅锌矿床矿石铅同位素较芦子园铅锌矿床有较高的比值和较大的变化范围,均以高μ值为特征,属于放射性成因铅,暗示其成矿物质以壳源铅为主;硫化物硫同位素均多为较低正值并呈塔式分布,具有岩浆硫特征,两者均无生物硫酸盐热化学还原作用的参与,其中硫同位素分馏已达平衡;与硫化物共生的石英δDH2O(-109‰~-91‰)和δ18OH2O(-4.3‰~2.3‰)同位素研究表明核桃坪矿床成矿流体主要来自深部岩浆水,并遭受后期大气降水或地层水的混合;核桃坪矿床与芦子园矿床的微量元素具有岩浆热液型矿床特征,不同于VMS型、MVT型铅锌矿床。因此,笔者认为两个矿床应属于与深部隐伏岩体有关的中-高温矽卡岩型铅锌矿床,矿区深部隐伏岩体的侵入产生岩浆热液并携带Pb、Zn等成矿物质与地层水或大气降水混合,在背斜轴部与NE向断裂的交汇处形成该类型矿床。 相似文献
3.
滇西镇康芦子园铅锌多金属矿床中蔷薇辉石的发现及找矿意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
滇西镇康芦子园矿床是保山一镇康地块上近年来新发现的超大型铅锌多金属矿床。野外地质调查发现,蔷薇辉石呈团块状、脉状出现于距地表近200m处,往深部数量增多,结晶颗粒变粗。铅锌矿与蔷薇辉石在空间上关系密切。蔷薇辉石越发育矿石品位愈高、厚度愈大。已有研究在成矿物质和成矿流体来源方面的认识存在分歧,矿床成因争议较大,从而影响成矿模式的建立和确定未来找矿方向。本文就对该矿床的成因具有重要指示意义的蔷薇辉石进行了专门报道。将对认识矿床成因和指导矿区深部找矿具有重要意义。 相似文献
4.
安徽宁国兰花岭钨钼矿床含矿岩体的地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
兰花岭钨钼矿床为皖南山区一矽卡岩型矿床,赋矿层位主要为奥陶系印诸埠组和砚瓦山组。与成矿相关的兰花岭岩体属花岗岩,为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,Si O2含量高,Al2O3中等,Mg O较高。全碱(Na2O+K2O)含量在4.00%~7.03%之间,里特曼指数为0.51~1.92,A/NCK比值均大于1,Nb、Ta亏损,Mg#值小。稀土元素呈轻稀土富集的右倾配分模型,LREE/HREE比值和(La/Yb)N均较大,δEu异常不明显,δCe负异常较弱。微量元素地球化学研究表明大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集,高场强元素(HFSE)总体亏损。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法确定地表含矿岩体的年龄为148.17±0.94 Ma,属燕山期晚侏罗世。这一时期也是皖南–赣北一系列大型超大型钨矿的主要成矿期,如东源、朱溪、阳储岭、大湖塘等。岩体成因以壳源重熔为主,侵位过程中有幔源岩浆混入。兰花岭岩体为陆内挤压加厚背景下岩浆活动的产物,与旌德岩体属同期次岩浆活动的产物,结合物探资料显示兰花岭岩体在深部可能与旌德岩体相连。 相似文献
5.
与朝山金矿有关岩体地质地球化学特征 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
朝山金矿床与白芒山辉石闪长岩有直接的成因联系.岩石的主量元素分析结果表明:Si2O含量为50.8%～54.58%,Na2O K2O为6.58%～7.38%,K2O/ Na2O为0.62～1.12,全碱-硅投影显示朝山岩体岩性为辉石闪长岩;微量元素分析结果显示Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn成矿元素含量较高;稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线显示轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损;δEu介于0.75%～0.85%之间,说明辉石闪长岩分异演化程度不高.结合矿床地质特征,推测朝山金矿成矿流体和成矿物质主要来源于岩浆,在热液充填交代和夕卡岩化复合作用下,促使热液流体中的金沉淀成矿. 相似文献
6.
R型因子分析在矿床成矿物质来源中的应用——以云南镇康芦子园铅锌多金属矿床为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过R型因子分析,研究各变量之间、样品之间以及与地质作用之间在时间和空间上的组合、变化和分布关系,为探讨成矿物质来源及矿床成因提供依据。作者在研究云南镇康芦子园铅锌多金属矿床地质特征的基础上,分别对矿区1350和1220中段Ⅰ、Ⅱ号矿化带范围内的构造岩微量元素进行聚类分析和R型因子分析,研究结果表明:矿床严格受构造控制,铅锌矿化的成矿作用过程具有多期和多阶段性的特点;成矿物质主要来源于深部隐伏岩体的热液,部分来源于赋矿地层(∈3s2,∈3s3),是明显受构造控制的热液充填交代矽卡岩型铅锌多金属矿床。 相似文献
7.
云南省西畴县嘎机矿区位于燕山期老君山多金属成矿域北缘,近年的地质普查发现较好矿化信息,已探获铜铅锌资源储量可达中型,具大型矿床潜力。地质勘探结果表明,该矿床矿物组成复杂,围岩蚀变以硅化和矽卡岩化为主,矿区深部存在燕山期隐伏花岗岩,其外接触带存在较好钨、锡、钼等矿化,从矿区浅部到深部,存在低温成矿元素(Pb-Zn-Cu)→高温成矿元素(W-Sn-Mo-Cu)的垂向分带。通过对该矿床地质特征的总结,本文认为嘎机铜铅锌多金属矿床成矿作用与加里东期花岗岩无关,为燕山晚期老君山花岗岩有关多金属成矿事件的产物,其成矿物质和流体应主要来源于深部燕山期隐伏岩体,矿床成因属于岩浆期后热液型矿床。围岩蚀变晕、矿化组合类型分带、物化探综合信息探测方法和工程验证与普查评价的结合,是该区隐伏铜铅锌多金属矿床地质勘查的有效手段。 相似文献
8.
李屯铁矿为近年在山东省齐河—禹城地区发现的隐伏富磁铁矿床,为空白区地质找矿新发现。本文通过详细野外调查、室内镜下观察及地球化学分析测试,对矿床地质、地球化学特征进行了系统研究,初步揭示矿床成因。磁铁矿体赋存于李屯岩体与石炭纪—二叠纪地层接触带附近的砂泥岩地层内。李屯铁矿中岩体微量元素分配模式具有较好的一致性,均不同程度地富集Rb、Ba、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Zr、Nb、Ta等高场强元素,磁铁矿石中富集大离子亲石元素Sr,亏损K;高场强元素富集U、P、Hf、Ta,亏损Nb、Ti。岩体与磁铁矿石稀土元素均表现出轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾型配分模式。李屯铁矿形成于岩石圈大规模快速减薄期,成矿构造背景应为板块伸展扩张环境。李屯岩体的岩浆来源为壳幔混源,尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩发生部分熔融产生的的岩浆熔体;成矿物质来源于深源岩浆及其形成的岩浆岩。磁铁矿成矿与李屯岩体关系密切,矿床成因类型应是接触交代型矽卡岩铁矿床。 相似文献
9.
河南罗山金城金矿床成矿物质来源探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河南省金城金矿床位于桐柏—商城韧性剪切带南部、大别山西北侧。矿床赋存于中元古界苏家河群浒湾岩组变质岩中。在详细分析金城金矿床地质特征的基础上,研究共生花岗斑岩脉的微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征,共生石英的氧同位素、共生石英流体包裹体中CO2的碳同位素及共生黄铁矿的硫、铅同位素组成特征,并与老湾金矿和燕山晚期灵山花岗岩体对比。研究发现,本区花岗斑岩脉的稀土配分曲线和微量元素蛛网图与灵山花岗岩体几乎完全重叠,稀土元素和微量元素特征参数较为一致,结合区域资料推断本区与矿体共生的花岗斑岩脉来源于燕山晚期岩浆活动。黄铁矿δ34S值变化范围为-6.9‰～5.5‰,均值为2.3‰,与区域上地层和岩浆岩硫同位素对比,认为金城矿床载金黄铁矿的硫主要来源于浒湾岩组围岩。载金黄铁矿铅同位素和浒湾岩组地层铅同位素范围相当,均有下地壳铅源的特征,结合硫同位素分析,认为金城金矿床载金黄铁矿的铅主要来源于浒湾岩组围岩。δ18OSMOW变化范围为5.5‰～11.4‰,极差为5.9‰,均值为8.4‰,具有岩浆热液石英的特征;δ18CPDB变化范围为-6.3‰～-2.8‰,极差为3.5‰,均值为-4.4‰,具有岩浆源或深部源碳(-7‰)和沉积碳酸盐岩来源碳(0)混合的特征;综合研究表明,本矿床成矿物质主要来源于浒湾岩组含金岩石建造,部分来源于燕山晚期岩浆热液活动。 相似文献
10.
青海谢坑铜金矿床石榴石矽卡岩成因研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
传统矿床学研究认为,只能是中酸性岩浆接触交代碳酸盐岩形成矽卡岩,但是近年来在一系列矽卡岩矿床的研究中发现,矽卡岩原岩并非纯的碳酸盐岩,一些矽卡岩原岩成分接近矽卡岩的成分,因此传统的矽卡岩型矿床成因也值得重新认识。青海省循化县谢坑铜金矿床是20世纪90年代以来发现的石榴石矽卡岩和石榴石透辉石型矽卡岩矿床。通过系统研究该矿床矽卡岩的地球化学特征,发现矿化矽卡岩岩石化学特征及稀土元素、微量元素地球化学特征与泥灰岩和辉石闪长岩类岩浆岩的极其一致,因此该矽卡岩并非传统意义上的矽卡岩,而是热液作用下的岩浆岩及泥灰岩的自变质成因矽卡岩。 相似文献
11.
G. J. Chakrapani 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(2):189-201
Chemical weathering and resulting water compositions in the upper Ganga river in the Himalayas were studied. For the first time, temporal and spatial sampling for a 1 year period (monthly intervals) was carried out and analyzed for dissolved major elements, trace elements, Rare Earth Elements (REE), and strontium isotopic compositions. Amounts of physical and chemical loads show large seasonal variations and the overall physical load dominates over chemical load by a factor of more than three. The dominant physical weathering is also reflected in high quartz and illite/mica contents in suspended sediments. Large seasonal variations also occur in major elemental concentrations. The water type is categorized as HCO3––SO42––Ca2+ dominant, which constitute >60% of the total water composition. On an average, only about 5–12% of HCO3– is derived from silicate lithology, indicating the predominance of carbonate lithology in water chemistry in the head waters of the Ganga river. More than 80% Na+ and K+ are derived from silicate lithology. The silicate lithology is responsible for the release of low Sr with extremely radiogenic Sr (87Sr/86 Sr>0.75) in Bhagirathi at Devprayag. However, there is evidence for other end-member lithologies for Sr other than carbonate and silicate lithology. Trace elements concentrations do not indicate any pollution, although presence of arsenic could be a cause for concern. High uranium mobilization from silicate rocks is also observed. The REE is much less compared to other major world rivers such as the Amazon, perhaps because in the present study, only samples filtered through <0.2 m were analysed. Negative Eu anomalies in suspended sediments is due to the excess carbonate rock weathering in the source area. 相似文献
12.
在现有几种锚杆数值分析方法的基础上,对考虑了浆体切向受力性态的三维锚杆单元理论及其应用进行了研究,编制了三维锚杆有限元计算程序,并结合例子对浆体锚杆的变形、应力规律进行了分析。计算结果显示了模型的可靠性和实用性。 相似文献
13.
北淮阳晓天火山岩盆地片麻状花岗岩成岩年代学及地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩石的锆石U-Pb定年和主量、微量、稀土元素分析是研究侵入岩成岩时代、岩石成因的主要研究手段。本文在野外地质调查工作的基础上，采用X射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱和LA-ICP-MS等技术对晓天火山岩盆地内杨三寨附近发现的片麻状钾长花岗岩进行相关地球化学分析。结果表明：该岩体主量元素以高硅、钾和钠，低铁镁钙磷为特征，其中SiO2含量为65.86%~78.29%，Al2O3为10.89%~16.02%，MgO为0.17%~1.17%，K2O为1.37%~6.44%，Na2O为0.53%~6.50%，属于高钾钙碱性系列。微量元素方面，样品以亏损Nb、Sr、P和Ti，富集La、Ce、Nd和Zr为特征。稀土元素方面，含有较高的稀土元素（ΣREE=152.70~650.88μg/g），轻稀土富集重稀土亏损（LREE/HREE=6.77~20.64），多数具有较弱的负铕异常（δEu=0.29~1.15），铈异常不明显；稀土元素标准化曲线以右倾为特征。30个锆石点的206Pb/238U年龄分布于720~828Ma之间，加权平均年龄为776±11Ma （MSWD=2.1）。研究认为，盆地内新元古代片麻状钾长花岗岩的发现表明晓天盆地中心存在隆起，并不是之前研究认为的"斗"形的两边浅中间厚的盆地形态，这对该盆地的构造形态认识和进一步找矿具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
14.
Based on the systematic analysis of the coal gangue in Weibei Coalfield, such as petrologic characteristics, chemical composition, nutrient elements, deleterious elements, and the transformation, and compared with the soil element content background values of Loess Plateau and national harmful materials controlling standards, we conclude that the coal gangue in the Weibei Coalfield has huge potential to be used as clay fertilizer. 相似文献
15.
对准格尔煤田黑岱沟露天矿煤的主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素含量和矿物组成进行了研究。结果表明,黑岱沟露天矿煤中稀土元素平均含量为248.12×10-6,约为中国煤平均值的2.83倍。LREE平均含量为236.66×10-6,HREE平均含量为11.46×10-6,LREE/HREE平均值为20.81,(La/Yb)N平均值为1.59,表明煤中LREE相对HREE富集。煤中部分稀土元素可能富集在勃姆石和黏土矿物中。稀土元素分配曲线δCeS变化区间(0.89～2.21)和δEuS中度亏损(0.46～0.86),验证了沉积环境在煤层形成演化过程中对煤中稀土元素输入的稳定性。黑岱沟煤层中微量元素明显偏高的有Ga、Pb、Se、Sr、Th 和Zr,这些元素的含量高于中国、中国华北晚古生代和美国煤的算术均值,也高于地壳克拉克值。 相似文献
16.
红河盆地的化学风化作用:主要和微量元素地球化学记录 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河流沉积物的元素含量有助于反映其流域的自然风化过程。红河是世界上重要的河流之一,但其沉积物的地球化学研究却几乎没有。本文通过开展红河盆地干流和主要支流40个样品的主要和微量元素地球化学分析,发现红河流域硅酸盐岩的化学风化作用为中等强度,与长江及亚马逊河的风化强度相近,而高于黄河,低于珠江;且化学风化作用受该区域的气候和构造作用控制。 相似文献
17.
河北省张家口崇礼区北部地球化学特征及其找矿指示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
地球化学测量成果被广泛而成熟地运用在矿产勘查工作中,为明确张家口崇礼区北部成矿、找矿的地球化学指示信息,对该区水系沉积物测量及异常查证成果进行了综合分析。通过计算元素富集系数和变异系数、开展R型聚类分析、统计化探异常区岩石的地质年代、对比该区化探异常及已知矿床与典型矿床的成矿要素,从而推断了该区找矿主攻元素为Ag、Pb、Zn、Mo、Cd,且Ag、Pb、Zn和Mo、W 2组元素分别具有共伴生关系,指出该区化探异常主要受燕山期岩浆热液控制。综合分析认为,本区找矿模型为蔡家营式次火山-热液型多金属矿床,具有寻找次火山-热液型Ag、Pb、Zn、Mo多金属矿床的潜力。 相似文献
18.
Paul-Dsir Ndjigui Paul Bilong Dieudonn Bitom Abdoulaye Dia 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2008,50(5):305-328
The behaviour of major and trace elements have been studied along two serpentinite weathering profiles located in the Kongo-Nkamouna and Mang North sites of the Lomié ultramafic complex.The serpentinites are characterized by high SiO2 and MgO contents, very low trace, rare earth and platinum-group element contents. Lanthanide and PGE contents are higher in the Nkamouna sample than in Mang North. Normalized REE patterns according to the CI chondrites reveal that: (i) all REE are below chondrites abundances in the Mang North sample; (ii) the (La/Yb)N ratio value is higher in the Nkamouna sample (23.72) than in the Mang one (1.78), this confirms the slightly more weathered nature of the Nkamouna sample. Normalized PGE patterns according to the same CI chondrites reveal a negative Pt anomaly in the Mang sample. The Nkamouna sample is characterized by a flat normalized PGE pattern.All element contents increase highly from the parent rock to the coarse saprolite.In the weathering profiles, Fe2O3 contents decrease from the bottom to the top contrarily to Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2. The contents of alkali and alkaline oxides are under detection limit.Concerning trace elements, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn and Sc decrease considerably from the bottom to the top while Zr, Th, U, Be, Sb, Sn, W, Ta, Sr, Rb, Hf, Y, Li, Ga, Nb and Pb increase towards the clayey surface soil. Chromium, Ni and Co contents are high in the weathered materials in particular in the saprolite zone and in the nodules.REE contents are high in the weathered materials, particularly in Nkamouna. Their concentrations decrease along both profiles. Light REE are more abundant than heavy REE. Normalized REE patterns according to the parent rock reveal positive Ce anomalies in all the weathered materials and negative Eu anomalies only at the bottom of the coarse saprolite (Nkamouna site). Positive Ce anomalies are higher in the nodular horizon of both profiles. An additional calculation method of lanthanide anomalies, using NASC data, confirms positive Ce anomalies ([Ce/Ce*]NASC = 1.15 to 60.68) in several weathered materials except in nodules ([Ce/Ce*]NASC = 0.76) of the upper nodular horizon (Nkamouna profile). The (La/Yb)N ratios values are lower in the Nkamouna profile than in Mang site.PGE are more abundant in the weathered materials than in the parent rock. The highest contents are obtained in the coarse saprolite and in the nodules. The elements with high contents along both profiles are Pt (63–70 ppb), Ru (49–52 ppb) and Ir (41 ppb). Normalized PGE patterns show positive Pt anomalies and negative Ru anomalies.The mass balance evaluation, using thorium as immobile element, reveals that:
- – major elements have been depleted along the weathering profile, except for Fe, Mn and Ti that have been enriched even only in the coarse saprolite;
- – all the trace elements have been depleted along both profiles, except for Cr, Co, Zn, Sc, Cu, Ba, Y, Ga, U and Nb that have been enriched in the coarse saprolite;
- – rare earth elements have been abundantly accumulated in the coarse saprolite, before their depletion towards the top of the profiles;
- – platinum-group elements have been abundantly accumulated in the coarse saprolite but have been depleted towards the clayey surface soil.
19.
In this study, we examine the variations in rare earth elements (REE) from the Lower Kittanning coal bed of eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania, USA, in an attempt to understand the factors that control mineral matter deposition and modification in coal, and to evaluate possible REE mixed exposure hazards facing underground mine workers. The results of this study suggest that the Lower Kittanning coal mineral matter is derived primarily from a clastic source similar to that of the shale overburden. While highly charged cations like silicon, aluminum, and titanium remained relatively immobile within the coal mineral matter, iron (primarily as pyrite) was added from nonclastic sources, either during deposition of the coal mire vegetation or subsequent to burial. Other mobile cations (e.g., alkali and alkaline earth elements) appear to have been added to and/or leached from the originally deposited clastic mineral matter. Most of the sulfur in the Lower Kittanning coal bed is bound as FeS2 in the mineral matter, but a majority of samples contain a small excess of S that is most likely organically bound.In general, the total rare earth element content (TREE) in coal ash is greater than that in the shale overburden. If the primary source of mineral matter is the same as that for the overlying shale, then REE must have been enriched in the coal mineral matter subsequent to deposition. The total rare earth element content of Lower Kittanning coals correlates strongly with Si concentration ([TREE]≈0.0024 [Si]), which provides a threshold for evaluating possible mixed exposure health effects. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns reveal a shale-like light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment for the coal, similar to that of the shale overburden, again suggesting a primarily clastic REE source. However, when normalized to the shale overburden, most of the coal ash samples display a small but distinct heavy rare earth element (HREE) enrichment. We surmise that the HREE were added and/or preferentially retained during epigenesis, possibly associated with groundwater flow through the coal unit, but not necessarily in close association with the addition of iron. At least some of the “excess” HREE could be organically bound within the Lower Kittanning coal. 相似文献