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1.
关于金堆城钼矿床的成因,以往的资料大都称之为斑岩型矿床.最近有人提出该矿床的成矿物质来源应是斑岩体以外的,或是深部同源岩浆结晶期后分异的产物.有的同志还将金堆城-黄龙铺钼矿田中的矿床分为两类,即以金堆城、石家湾大型钼矿为代表的斑岩型和以黄龙铺、桃园矿床为代表的浅成热液矿床或变质热液脉型矿床.1974年以来,笔者借现场教学之便,曾数次对矿床进行观察,许多现象、特别是近些年金堆城钼矿采场被剥露出的花岗斑岩与钼矿体和热液蚀变之间的关系,表明金堆城钼矿不应是斑岩 相似文献
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湖南水口山及周边是湖南省重金属污染较为严重的地区之一,龙王山金矿床是该区中部的一个重要金矿床.为调查该矿床废石堆污染状况、是否为周边环境的污染源、污染途径、重金属迁移能力和潜在的危害,对矿区FS17废石堆进行了自然淋滤水和24 m浅钻系统取样,开展重金属元素总量分析,利用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对其重金属污染程度进行污染评价,采用四步改良BCR提取法分析废石堆中8种重（类）金属元素（Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni、As和Fe）的赋存形态,并利用迁移指数量化废石堆重金属元素迁移能力;发现废石堆中Cd、Cu、Pb、As、Zn、Ni重金属元素严重超标,且在垂向上分布极不均匀;其自然淋滤水样中重金属元素Cd、Ni、Zn、Cu也严重超标;废石堆浅层重金属元素潜在迁移能力顺序为:Cd＞Ni≈Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞As＞Cr＞Fe,深层重金属元素迁移能力顺序为:Cd＞Zn＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr＞Pb＞As＞Fe,浅层重金属元素的迁移性大于深层;说明该废石堆重金属元素含量高,是周围环境重要污染源,酸性废水排放为其释放污染元素的主要途径;Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni迁移能力强,是周围环境的主要污染元素;Pb、Ni、As的迁移性在深层明显降低,可以通过埋深来削弱其迁移性,而Cr不会对周边环境产生污染. 相似文献
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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(1)
矿山废石堆体内部酸碱性变化对治理矿山废石堆体引起的污染有重要指导意义。本文以磷矿废石和煤矸石为例,开展XRD和中和能力(ANC/BNC)测定试验,依据试验结果推算出100年后磷矿废石堆体和煤矸石堆体内的酸碱性。结果表明,1kg磷矿废石需0.~(206)mol HNO_3使之中和,磷矿废石对酸具有较强的缓冲能力,100年内酸雨(p H≈4.5)提供的H+不足以中和磷矿废石中碱性物质,堆体内部水分的p H值将长期维持在自然p H条件(p H≈8.6);煤矸石堆体内部呈酸性(p H≈6.6),1kg煤矸石需0.053mol Na OH使之中和,在酸雨的作用下,废水的酸性会逐渐增强,采用投加碱性中和剂方法能够处理煤矸石产生的酸性废水。 相似文献
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金堆城-黄龙铺钼矿田面积约120公里~2,区内分布有金堆城钼矿,规模极大.石家湾、黄龙铺钼矿,尚处于详查阶段,储量也较大.宋家沟等处都是有找矿前景的矿(化)点.总之,矿田内钼矿总资源储量可观. 金堆城为斑岩型钼矿床.对黄龙铺目前有两种意见:①认为与斑岩型同源,属广义的斑岩型钼矿床;②认为与斑岩型不同源,属非岩浆热液石英脉型钼矿床. 矿床、矿(化)点分布于长城系熊耳群和蓟县系高山河组岩层中.曾有人提出“矿源层”问题. 本文在已有工作基础上,初步总结了矿田地球化学特征,并对成矿条件作初步分析. 相似文献
6.
东秦岭金堆城大型斑岩钼矿床LA ICP MS锆石U Pb定年及成矿动力学背景 总被引：31，自引：2，他引：29
对出露东秦岭金堆城大型斑岩钼矿床北部的老牛山黑云二长花岗岩和金堆城含矿斑岩利用单颗粒锆石激光探针LA-ICP-MS定年技术进行了UPb精确定年和岩石地球化学对比研究。LA-ICPMS锆石UPb测年得到老牛山黑云二长花岗岩和金堆城含矿斑岩锆石加权平均年龄值分别为146.35±0.55Ma和140.95±0.45 Ma,与前人多次获得的金堆城钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄141±4～127±7 Ma下限值一致,显示成矿与成岩同时或略滞后于岩体,成岩成矿发生于侏罗纪-白垩纪的同一成岩成矿系统中,与发生于1 相似文献
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金堆城钼矿是我国主要的钼矿产地,近年来受到国内外地质工作者的重视.关于该矿床及周围地区(金堆城-黄龙铺矿田)的地质特征,前人已作过研究,故不在此赘述. 1983年5月,美国地质调查所派代表团访华,部分成员考察了金堆城钼矿,采集了一些矿石标本.1984年初,笔者在美国地质调查所西区总部进修期间,对这批样品进行了岩石学、矿物学、包裹体测温、电镜分析、微量元素分析等方面的工作.本文初步总结了上述工作的成果,阐述了 相似文献
9.
陕西金堆城钼矿,是一个特大型矿床。燕门凹断裂,分布于该矿床的北部,以往认为该断裂系一条比较简单的成矿后正断层,下盘(北盘)矿体由于抬升已被剥蚀殆尽。近年来有的同志认为,它是一条经历过压—张—压扭三次活动的复合性逆断裂,对矿体有破坏作用,于断层以北深部仍蕴藏着被断层断落的远景可观的工业钼矿体。笔者通过对我队五分队1981—1982年在金堆城地区野外工作所获资料及该矿床勘探报告有关资料的分析研究,认为燕门凹断裂是一条经历过压—张—压扭三次活动过程的复合性断裂,前二次活动在成矿之前,后一次活动在成矿之后。成矿后断裂活动的位移量小,对钼矿体影响不大,燕门凹断裂是金堆城钼矿床北部矿化的一条自然的大致边界。 相似文献
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金属硫化物矿山的废石堆场受降水淋滤影响而发生硫化物氧化,产生硫酸并释放重金属,因此采矿工程产生的废石是水污染不可忽视的来源。前人关于金属硫化矿物氧化的机理研究大多集中在单一矿物的室内实验,与野外情况匹配度较低。本研究从岩样(矿石和废石)、水样(河水、地下水、废弃尾矿库渗滤液)的水化学、微量元素和锶同位素等方面,分析某铅锌矿废石堆场对水环境的影响,并讨论其产生的化学组分在野外环境中的变化规律及机理。研究结果显示,金属硫化物氧化造成了河水酸化,pH低至2.38,SO42-高达9421 mg·L-1,同时微量元素中Zn、Pb、Ni、Mn、Cd质量浓度远超饮用水限值,如Zn达到了582 mg·L-1(饮用水限值为1 mg·L-1),且浓度与pH负相关。河水酸化的主因是黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿的氧化作用,并贡献了河水中大部分的SO42-。闪锌矿等矿物在贡献了河水中少部分SO42-的同时,也是重金属元素的主要来... 相似文献
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C. Changul Chakkaphan Sutthirat G. Padmanahban C. Tongcumpou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(5):1065-1071
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is the environmental issue that generates the greatest public concern regarding the mining industry.
Thus, characterization of mine waste rock according to acid generation potential is necessary for mining operations to ensure
proper waste rock storage and to avoid future adverse environmental effects. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate
the potential of AMD generation in the largest operating gold mine in Thailand by using acid base accounting and net acid
generation tests. Representative samples of six types of waste rock classified by mining geologists for mineral processing
and waste dumping were collected for this study: volcanic clastic, porphyritic andesite, andesite, silicified tuff, silicified
lapilli tuff, and sheared tuff. Under various conditions, experimental results indicate that only silicified lapilli tuff
and shear tuff are potentially acid-forming materials. The results indicate that AMD generation may possibly occur a long
time after mine closure due to the lag time of the dissolution of acid-neutralizing sources. Acidic generation from some waste
rocks may occur in the future based on environmental conditions, particularly the oxidation of sulphide minerals by the combination
of oxygen and water. Therefore, a proper design for waste rock dumping and storage is necessary to reduce the risk of AMD
generation in future. It is advisable to install a surface management system to control the overland flow direction away from
the waste dump area and tailing storage facility and to install a second water storage pond next to the main storage pond
to store the spilled water during storms and the rainy season. A water quality monitoring plan that focuses on disturbed areas
such as water storage ponds and mine pits should be put in place. 相似文献
13.
煤矸石山周围地下水污染状况 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以焦作市演马矿煤矸石山为对象,采集该处新鲜和风化煤矸石以及附近地下水样品,检测其中Cl-、SO2-4、苯并(a)芘、Mn等22种污染物的含量,并采用超标倍数法和实测浓度法对地下水受污染状况进行分析研究。地下水中污染物含量与煤矸石山距离呈负相关,且在丰水期和枯水期存在一定差异。 相似文献
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Zhenming WEI Guodong ZHENG Yaling CHOU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):44-45
Through elementary geophysical prospecting, chemical exploration and geological exploration, there are above 100000 t Mo reserves in Wenquan Wushan, Northwest China. Presently, the molybdenum mine has gone deploitation and construction. Data from drillings indicated many associated elements such as Cu, Pb, Zn, etc. with Mo. Through complete water quality analysis, we found water here comes up to drinking-water standard. This paper investigated the environmental geochemistry characteristics and evaluated water quality in mine field under existing conditions, which may present reference for forecasting the trends of environmental pollution change, underwater environmental monitoring and protection after exploitation. In exploitation of mineral areas, the surroundings of ore areas and groundwater environmental quality are affected correspondingly. The paper analyzed benefication process and tailing disposal process, and consequently, predicted pollution sources, pollution pathway and post-effect that may come along. Also, the interactions between water and rocks with human activity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
东秦岭金堆城花岗斑岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄、物质来源及成矿机制 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过LA-ICP-MS方法测得金堆城和老牛山花岗岩体中锆石U-Pb年龄分别为143.7±3 Ma和144.5±4.4 Ma,与金堆城钼矿床中辉钼矿的Re-Os年龄139±3.0 Ma在误差范围内一致,界定了金堆城成岩成矿时代为侏罗纪末-白垩纪初,2个岩体为同期岩浆事件的产物,与燕山运动有关.金堆城岩体较老牛山岩体富SiO2、K2O,岩石地球化学数据显示2个岩体都具有一致的高硅、富碱、过铝质系列和钙碱性岩石系列特征;高的εSr(t)、低的εNd(t)及Pb同位素图解证明2个岩体主要来自下地壳物质部分熔融,可能有少量地幔物质加入.年代学与岩石地球化学数据证实老牛山岩体和金堆城岩体的岩浆源区与岩石成因相同,推测老牛山岩体在深部发生分异演化,为金堆城小岩体提供了大量的热液和矿物质,从而出现了金堆城小岩体成大矿现象. 相似文献
17.
This study investigates the post-mining evolution of S-type granitic waste rocks around a former uranium mine, Vieilles Sagnes (Haute Vienne, NW Massif Central, France). This mine was operated between 1957 and 1965 in the La Crouzille former world-class uranium mining district and is representative of intra-granitic vein-type deposits. 50 years after mine closure and the construction and subsequent re-vegetation of the granitic waste rock pile, we evaluate the environmental evolution of the rock pile, including rock alteration, neo-formation of U-bearing phases during weathering, and U migration. Vertical trenches have been excavated through the rock pile down to an underlying paleo-soil, allowing the investigation of the vertical differentiation of the rock pile and its influence on water pathways, weathering processes and U migration and retention. Arenization dominantly drives liberation of U, by dissolution of uraninite inclusions in the most alterable granitic minerals (i.e. K-feldspar and biotite). Retention of U in the matrix at the base of the waste rock pile, and in the underlying paleo-soil most likely occurs by precipitation of (nano-) uranyl phosphates or a combination of co-precipitation and adsorption reactions of U onto Fe (oxy)hydroxides and/or clay minerals. Even though U-migration was observed, U is retained in stable secondary mineral phases, provided the current conditions will not be modified. 相似文献
18.
Waste rock dump investigation at Roşia Montană gold mine (Romania): a geostatistical approach 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Diego Servida Sara Comero Mara Dal Santo Luisa de Capitani Giovanni Grieco Pietro Marescotti Silvia Porro Ferenc Lázár Forray Ágnes Gál Alexandru Szakács 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(1):13-31
Ro?ia Montan?, the largest European gold mine, could be re-opened. Environmental problems led to severe pollution of the Ro?ia and Abrud Rivers. The two main potentially toxic element (PTE) sources in mine sites are, in general, the abandoned underground workings and the piles of waste rock. Since the composition of waste rocks is often heterogeneous, this study faces the problem of estimating their mineralogical and chemical features starting from a set of sampling point. Twenty-five samples were collected on the main waste dump of the Ro?ia Montan? mine following a virtual squared grid (knots distance about 25 m). Grain size, color, bulk chemistry, mineralogy, acid mine drainage potential and a set of selected PTE (Ag, As, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) concentrations were determined on each sample. In a first approximation two main waste rock groups were identified: WR1 bulk composition is dacite-dominated, while WR2 is andesite-dominated. In both of them the concentrations of PTEs are below the regulatory limits for soils, with the exception of As. In terms of acid mine drainage, WR1 has a net acid-producing potential, while WR2 has a net neutralizing potential. The anisotropy of WR properties were analysed by means of semi-variograms and displayed with contour maps. Application of positive matrix factorization for the analysis of all the data relative to waste rocks allowed defining, in a semi-quantitative way, the factors controlling pollution and their spatial distribution. The processing of score matrix G factor associated with the geostatistical elaboration promises to be a powerful tool to discern the composition of mine dumps and support the exploitation and remediation phases. 相似文献
19.
以铁矿为代表的金属矿山在选矿与生产过程中会形成含有多种重金属的污废水,一经泄漏,首先对包气带形成污染;而庐枞丘陵地区第四系松散层较薄,包气带防污能力较弱;因此,以包气带污染预测为基础,开展包气带防污能力的研究,对后期地下水污染的防治与保护都有重要意义。本文以安徽省丘陵地区某铁矿为例,通过渗水试验评价包气带防污性能,并采用数值法分别进行饱水与非饱水渗透条件下的污染预测评价,为其它类似地区提供了可借鉴的方法和理论。 相似文献
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矿山水土环境污染是采矿活动引发的主要环境地质问题之一。我国矿山数量众多,水土污染比较普遍,尤以金属矿山最为严重,矿山水土污染防治是今后开展国土空间生态保护修复的重要内容。基于全国矿山地质环境摸底调查成果资料,对矿业活动不同阶段的水土污染风险以及不同矿山的水土污染类型、特征和污染物迁移演化规律等进行了研究。分析指出:矿业活动过程包括勘探、建矿、开采、洗选、冶炼等多个阶段,而水土污染风险贯穿于矿业活动全过程,不同阶段的污染风险不同;矿产资源开发造成的水土污染物类型、特征因开采的矿产类型不同而不同,呈现出特征污染物与矿体母岩的高度相关性;矿山及其周边污染物的迁移作用受污染物自身的物理化学性质和外界环境条件的影响,在矿山长期持续开采条件下矿山水土污染物存在累积效应,而矿产资源集中开采区的污染物扩散表现出叠加效应。通过对某典型水土环境污染案例的分析研究,初步证实了上述推断。根据我国矿山水土环境污染多发性和复杂性的特点,建议今后开展矿山水土污染防治工作应区分不同类型矿山、不同地质环境条件、不同污染物特征、不同污染程度,采取分类施策、系统修复、标本兼治的对策,以实现矿山环境明显改善。 相似文献