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1.
Mongolia is an important country in the Economic Corridor of China-Mongolia-Russia, a deep understanding of the coupling relationship between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia is meaningful to achieve green development of the Belt and Road. The entropy method and coupling coordination degree model were integrated to evaluate the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia during 2000-2016. The results showed that the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and the eco-environment in Mongolia was generally at the stage of seriously unbalanced development, and that the main contributor of the urbanization and the eco-environment subsystem were demographic urbanization and eco-environment endowment, respectively. The southern part of Mongolia central zone should be paid more attention due to the lower degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and the eco-environment. To promote the healthy urbanization development in Mongolia, six-layer eco-city establishing green development pattern is proposed to provide scientific support for Mongolia.  相似文献   

2.
青藏高原地区壮美的自然风光、神奇的人文景观和独特的民族文化,使其成为国内外旅游者倾心向往的世外桃源,亟需进一步探究其旅游经济与生态环境之间的交互耦合关系。本文创建青藏高原旅游经济与生态环境综合评价指标体系,采用青海省和西藏自治区15个地市州2000-2017年面板数据探究旅游经济与生态环境协调效应及交互胁迫关系。结果显示： ① 2000-2017年青藏高原仅有拉萨和西宁旅游经济指数呈现快速增长趋势,其余地市州均呈现缓慢增长趋势,生态环境指数整体较高,仅有西宁和海东呈现波动增长趋势,其余地市州变化平缓;② 青藏高原旅游经济与生态环境复合系统协调度时序上呈现波动增长趋势,空间上呈现南高北低、东高西低的分布格局;青海呈现以西宁为核心,逐层向外递减的核心-边缘空间格局;西藏呈现以拉萨为中心,南高北低的空间格局;③ 青藏高原复合系统协同效应子类型主要是旅游经济滞后型,西宁和拉萨呈现“旅游经济滞后-系统均衡发展-生态环境滞后”的变化趋势;④ 基于双指数模型证实了青藏高原旅游经济与生态环境之间具有交互胁迫关系。  相似文献   

3.
1IN T R O D U C T IO NU rbanizationand eco-environment coupling is uniqueand complex,and itsmechanisms and ruleshave pro-voked much scholarship(B RENNA,1999).More than100yearsago,HOWARD(1898)publishedG ardenC ities of Tom orrow to revealthe interrelationshibpes-tween citygrowth and itseco-environment,and he triedtodealwiththeissuewithrationalplanningway,buthefailed(BOURNE and SIMMONS,1978).However,onlysincethe1920s had thetopicspeciallybeen intensfiied.AftertheChicago schoolhad…  相似文献   

4.
The studies on environmental effects of foreign trade and its spatial variations are helpful to design and implement environmental protection countermeasures.In order to eliminate the adverse effects of insufficient observation values on the accuracy of regression results and dynamic information quantity of fitting equation during empirical study,panel data of the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China from 1985 to 2007 were selected based on the adjustment of classical regression model in this paper.Panel unit root test and panel cointegration analysis method were applied to investigating the environmental effects of foreign trade and its spatial variations in the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China and its three groups divided by foreign trade dependence.The results show that all scale effects are positive,while all technical effects are negative and unable to counteract positive scale effects.Foreign trade development is regarded as an important cause for outstanding eco-environmental problems in the mid-eastern provinces and cities of China.Total effects and structural effects are significantly different among different groups because of spatial variations in environmental policies,export destinations,source of FDI,etc.Following the principle of′coordinating generality and considering differences comprehensively′,it is essential to issue a series of policies and countermeasures corresponding to differences in regional environmental effect of foreign trade,in order to coordinate the relationship between foreign trade development and eco-environment in each region.  相似文献   

5.
新型城镇化的人地耦合异速增长分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
在新型城镇化背景下的城市人口规模与用地面积变化具有复杂性,研究两种要素城镇化水平的相对增长关系,有助于探索人地耦合发展的协同态势及变化动因。本文选取广州市2000—2015年的Landsat时序影像与2000、2010和2015年的人口普查与年鉴数据,在街道（乡镇）尺度上计算人口土地城镇化耦合指数识别4种耦合类型,并在此基础上提出年均增长率异速关系拟合方法。研究结果表明：① 2000—2015年广州市街道（乡镇）人口和土地城镇化呈现明显的圈层结构（核心、内、外圈层）特征,4种人地耦合类型的异速增长分别呈现正异速、负异速、负幂律3种形式,证明人地耦合分类的异速增长建模方法有助于分析人地城镇化的动态演化过程;② 基于人地耦合指数的异速标度分析表明,核心圈层—内圈层—外圈层结构上分别形成了高度集约—集约—相对粗放式扩张的发展格局,结合城市更新改造的空间分析,说明这一特色新型城镇化模式在广州具有一定成效,已初步形成了核心圈层与内圈层协同发展的态势,但需要注意防控外圈层的粗放型增长。研究结果可为新型城镇化理论内涵的认知探索和广州市案例的实证研究提供支持。  相似文献   

6.
Rapid urbanization has triggered large rural population floating into cities, which in turn affects rural human-land relationships. The actual human-land relationship involves the coupling level of a time point and dynamic change of a time interval. However, few studies have identified the rural human-land relationship from these two perspectives. This study combined static coupling analysis with a dynamic decoupling model to analyze the relationships between rural population and settlements from 2009 to 2018 in Jiangsu Province, China. Although the static coupling degree in Jiangsu Province was relatively high, the decoupling analysis found that the rural human-land relationship in most counties was uncoordinated. There were 11 combination types based on the coupling and decoupling relationships. The most common two types(accounting for 76.74%) were recession decoupling with high-level coupling and strong decoupling with high-level coupling. Although the majority of counties had a high-level coupling degree, an uncoordinated change in rural population and rural settlements was observed in these counties. Counties with relatively reasonable human-land relationships accounted for only 12.79% of the total. The combination features for each type were identified and differential policies were proposed for optimizing human-land relationship in rural areas. This study would contribute to our understanding of the multiple relationships between rural population and settlements involved in different patterns and processes, and expect to provide theoretical and methodological support for promoting rural revitalization and sustainable development in practice.  相似文献   

7.
To comprehensively understand the law of urban-rural relationship and propose scientific measures of urban-rural coordinated development in Northeast China, this study uses the coupling coordination degree model and geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR) model to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns and the corresponding driving mechanisms of its urban-rural coordination since 1990. The results are as follows. First, the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China was very low and improved slowly, but its stages of evolution is a good interpretation of the strategic arrangements of China's urbanization.Second, the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China had spatial differences and was characterized by central polarization, converging on urban agglomeration, which was high in the south and low in the north. Moreover, the gap between the north and south weakened. Third, the spatial-temporal evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China was influenced by pulling from the central cities, pushing from rural transformation, and government regulations. The influence intensity of the three mechanisms was weak, but the pulling from the central cities was stronger than that of the other two mechanisms. Furthermore, the spatial difference between the three mechanisms determines the spatial pattern and its evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China. Fourth, to promote the development of urban-rural coordination in Northeast China, it is essential to advance urbanrural economic correlation, enhance the government's role in regulating and guiding, and adopt different policies for each region in Northeast China.  相似文献   

8.
In this paper, we study the interactive relationship between the agglomeration of urban elements and the evolution of eco-environmental pressure. We build an index system for evaluating the agglomeration of urban elements and eco-environmental pressure. Using the entropy method and response intensity model, we analyze how urban elements agglomeration influenced eco-environmental pressure in Changchun from 1990 to 2012, eliciting the changing features and influential factors. Ultimately, we conclude there is a significant interactive relationship between the agglomeration of urban elements and the evolution of eco-environmental pressure in Changchun. This is inferred from the degree of this agglomeration in Changchun having increased since 1990, with the degree of eco-environmental pressure first decreasing and then increasing. Alongside this, the impact of urban elements agglomeration on eco-environmental pressure has changed from negative to positive. The main reasons behind this shift are arguably the rapid growth of urban investment and ongoing urbanization.  相似文献   

9.
Symbiotic state of Chinese land-marine economy   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
The simultaneous development of both the land and marine-based economy is required to achieve the economic development of coastal regions in China. Based on symbiosis theory, this study discusses land and marine-based economic symbiosis mechanisms and uses a logistic symbiotic function to construct a symbiotic evolution model of the land-marine economy. We conduct a division and feature analysis of the interactive model between the land and marine-based economies of 11 provinces (or cities) along the coast of China between 1996 and 2013, and discuss their economic development. The results show that, during the study period, the coordinated development model of the national land-marine economy is a parabiosis model. Fujian Province exhibits mutualism, Jiangsu, Hebei, Shandong, and Guangdong show commensalism, while Tianjin, Zhejiang, and Shanghai display parasitism, Guangxi and Hainan exhibit an antibiosis model, while Liaoning displays a parabiosis model. The land economic development model of Jiangsu and Fujian and the marine economic development model of Guangdong are improving the quality and efficiency of the factors of production. All other provinces’ development models improve the productivity of the production factors to expand the scale of production.  相似文献   

10.
秃尾河流域表生生态环境现状评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以地下水为主线,开展流域表生生态环境评价的方法研究尚处于发展之中。以秃尾河流域为例,紧紧围绕地下水这条主线,在建立流域表生生态环境递阶层次评价指标体系和评价标准的基础上,尝试采用模糊综合评判方法与模糊迭代自组织数据分析技术相结合,开展流域表生生态环境现状评价。评价结果表明,流域生态环境现状总体较好,其中盖沙丘陵区、河流源头和河谷阶地区及沙漠区是水资源与生态环境保护的重点,这些研究为评价生态环境脆弱区水资源开发利用对表生生态环境的影响以及保护流域水资源与生态环境提供了科学依据。评价结果与流域生态环境实际更为吻合,规律性更明显。  相似文献   

11.
The Taihu Lake region in southern Jiangsu is one of the regions with flourishing economy and the highest level of urbanization due to favourable natural conditions and socio-economic foundation. However, there emerge a seriers of urban ecological problems on continuous stretch of cities and towns, a vague division of urban functions, ground subsidence, serious pollution of atmosphere and waters arising from dense population, irrational distribution of industry, backwardeness of municipal engineering facilities, and inexperienced scientific management of water resources. In order to improve the urban eco-environment in this lake region, we should work out an overall regional eco梕nvironmental programme, perfect the urban economic set-up from the reqirements of urban material circulations and energy exchanges, and finally put into practice the urban functional regionalism, so that the Taihu Lake region in southern Jiangsu has not only a higher economic benefit, but also a beautiful and comfortable eco-env  相似文献   

12.
坐标转换精度的分布规律研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了得到工程测量中坐标转换精度与公共点分布之间的内在关系,利用误差传播理论,建立了坐标转换精度与公共点信息之间的数学模型.分析该数学模型可得:坐标转换精度是以一点为中心,呈同心圆向外衰减分布.文中给出了相应的圆心坐标及圆半径计算公式.最后,通过算例验证了本文结论的正确性.  相似文献   

13.
Urbanization is a complex process that covers a wide range of topics, of which population, industry and land urbanization are three important aspects. Jilin Province is an important agricultural province in China. The contradiction between population, industry and land urbanization is especially prominent here, and its coupling development is of great practical significance. In this paper, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is measured by coupling mode. The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is analyzed by trend surface analysis and global and local spatial autocorrelation. The influence factors and their spatial differentiation are discussed using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show that: 1) the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province is at a low level. Judging from the change of time scale, the urbanization of most research units is becoming more and more coordinated. From the comparison of spatial scales, there is significant spatial difference in the research units of different administrative levels. 2) Judging from the global change trend, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in the central region is higher than that in western and eastern regions. The coordination of urbanization in the central region is relatively good, and the distribution of the cold and hot spots is basically the same as that overall. 3) The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is related to the cold and hot spot distribution of the influence coefficient of urban population density and per capita urban construction land. The variation of the coupling degree spatial pattern is synchronous with the spatial change of the urban population density influence coefficient. 4) The degree of agglomeration of the urban population is the main factor promoting the coupling pattern of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province, and the extent of its influence is gradually increasing. In addition, the level of city administrative, the efficiency of urban expansion and the capacity of market consumption also have an important influence on the coupling pattern.  相似文献   

14.
基于粗糙集的交通道路与城镇用地扩展关系分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
交通道路是城镇用地扩展的重要驱动力因素之一,对城镇用地的扩展具有积极的作用。城镇用地的扩展也不断地对交通道路的发展提出新的需求。目前,众多的数理方法和空间模型已用以研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展之间的相互作用。为了更加有效地分析交通道路与城镇用地扩展的作用关系,以更加有效地研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展的相互作用程度和模式,需进一步探索新的技术方法和手段。本文利用粗糙集理论,以广东省城镇化问题为例,从一个新的角度来研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展之间的关系。结果表明,使用粗糙集抽取的反映交通道路和城镇用地扩展的决策规则可以有效地反映交通道路与城镇用地扩展的关系,对于城镇化的研究具有一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

15.
北京地面沉降已有60多年的历史,其发生发展与半个多世纪城市的快速扩张密不可分.从整个北京平原地下水系统出发,梳理多年时间序列(1950-2015年)的城市发展规模、人口、水资源及开采动态等数据,结合遥感技术解译不同年代北京平原的不透水面变化,分析其对降雨入渗补给量的影响;构建整个北京平原含水层-弱透水层三维结构系统,借助PMWIN软件建立区域尺度的地下水流-地面沉降耦合模型,利用长期水位及沉降观测数据对模型进行识别验证;开展长时间序列的北京平原地下水水头场与地面沉降演化模拟,研究快速城市化进程下北京平原多层含水层系统渗流场演变与地面沉降响应特征.研究表明:长时间尺度区域地下水流场-地面沉降演化模拟基本再现了地面沉降形成和发展演化的过程;北京地下水开采历史与地面沉降发展历史具有一致性,而不同沉降区地面沉降发展受地下水开采和城市发展双重控制,是二者综合作用的结果.  相似文献   

16.
四元数在三维空间基准的转换中已得到广泛应用,但其理论依据并不是很清晰。本文在理论上研究了四元数的一些基本性质,证明了坐标旋转变换等价于四元数的正交变换。利用基本四元数的定义,证明了适用于坐标旋转的所有四元数都是由若干个基本四元数的格拉斯曼乘积得到的。同时,给出了四元数与坐标旋转矩阵之间的理论关系。  相似文献   

17.
1 INTRODUCTION Urban agglomeration researches originated from the concern about the city cluster in the developed areas of western countries. The modern researches have been extended to the specific areas. HALL (2001) summa- rized the generality and difference of urban metropoli- tans in Europe, and analyzed the spatial structure of dif- ferent areas. NAUDE and KRUGELL (2003) analyzed the spatial development of urban agglomeration in South Africa, and thought that the size of the p…  相似文献   

18.
遥感地表能量信息可揭示城市地表要素的地表能量综合响应特征和作用关系特征,客观地反映了城市实体空间、开敞空间及其开放空间网络的格局和变化。本文从重庆城市地表能量响应的基本网格单元和研究区尺度,分析城市地表要素对城市热环境的贡献,并结合与“国际宜居城市”——西雅图的对比,探讨城市化过程中地表要素类型改变对城市热环境的影响及其变化和规律。结果表明：① 在基本网格单元和区域尺度层面,城市地表能量的平衡取决于地表要素中实体空间和开敞空间布局的合理性与稳定性;② 在城市大规模的硬质化区域,建筑实体的垂直体量相对于其水平体量及其组团格局,对于地表能量的聚集、改变具有较高的敏感性;③ 地表要素对城市热环境的影响若达到同等贡献指数（绝对值）程度,基本网格单元的开敞空间比例需要高于实体空间;④ 开敞空间基本网格单元的林地和水体类型所占比例达到20%时,地表能量的减幅明显;⑤ 实体空间基本网格单元的在建/工业用地要素类型所占比例超过5%,以及高密度建设用地所占比例达到30%时,地表能量的增幅明显。本研究旨在从城市地物实体地表能量的体量与空间关系角度,为建设基于城市更新的城市规划和城市设计提供科学依据。  相似文献   

19.
中巴经济走廊的规划和建设离不开对走廊沿线土地资源、生态环境空间格局及变化过程的科学认识。未来土地利用变化模拟研究,可为区域土地资源管理、生态环境可持续性和潜在风险评估等研究提供可靠的预测数据。本文通过耦合系统动力学模型（SD）和未来用地模拟模型（FLUS）,并结合中巴经济走廊建设和区域的生态环境政策等设置多种情景对中巴经济走廊进行土地利用模拟,充分发挥2个模型在宏观土地需求模拟以及微观土地分配上的优势。首先根据2009—2015年的历史数据构建并验证了区域土地利用SD-FLUS模型,然后模拟了2016—2030年中巴经济走廊区域惯性发展、投资优先以及和谐发展3种不同情景下的土地利用变化。结果表明：① 历年的总量模拟相对误差均小于9.00%,2015年喀什和巴基斯坦模拟的总体精度均达到90.00%以上、Kappa系数达到0.90以上,说明SD和FLUS耦合模型能有效模拟中巴经济走廊土地利用变化格局,适用于其土地利用变化的情景模拟;② 到2030年,不同情景之间的土地利用存在明显的差异。在3种情景下建设用地均扩张,和谐发展情景扩张速度居中,该情景下喀什建设用地增加了235.17 km2,巴基斯坦增加了4942.80 km2,而扩张最快的投资优先情景下,喀什建设用地增加了265.23 km2（惯性发展情景仅增加163.71 km2）,巴基斯坦建设用地增加了5918.91 km2（惯性发展情景仅增加2861.84 km2）;巴基斯坦和谐情景下的耕地增量（4768.60 km2）不到增长最多的惯性发展情景的一半,喀什耕地在和谐发展情景增加了604.44 km2,不到投资优先情景的3/4;3种情景中只有和谐发展情景下的林地得到了有效的恢复。总体而言,和谐发展情景兼顾了社会经济发展和生态环境保护,是3种情景中最理想的情景。模型模拟结果可为中巴经济走廊的可持续性研究和生态环境评估等提供一定的数据和方法支撑。  相似文献   

20.
Municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion are two main forms of urban spatial expansion. Using geometric methods, this study constructed a space-time path method to characterize the space-time relationship between municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion, and drew the space-time path sets of major prefecture level cities from 2000 to 2010 by constructing a coordinate system of the standardized built-up areas and municipal district areas. This divided them into four quadrants, namely, H-H, L-H, L-L, and H-L, based on the relative mean value to evaluate overall and individual stability by three indexes of the trajectory vectors, namely, direction, length, and slope. Results provide the following conclusions. 1) Municipal district adjustment is an effective spatial expansion way for city-scale promotion in China. Since 2000, municipal district adjustments have been mainly distributed in the eastern coastal regions and mid-western capital cities along with their surrounding cities. 2) Municipal district adjustment affects the scale and status of a city in China. Many cities that have expanded municipal districts behave stably and cross quadrants. 3) Great majority second-tier cities have effectively promoted their scale and status through municipal district adjustment. The municipal district adjustment of medium and small cities in the mid-west area is relatively advanced compared with city development. 4) Municipal district adjustment with minimal magnitude is severely restricted from upgrading the scale and status of a city. The transformation from entirely incorporated counties or cities to municipal districts should be the mainstream in future municipal district adjustment.  相似文献   

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