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1.
Normal density earth models 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary Models of the Earth's density, close to thePREM model, have been derived, they reproduce the external normal gravitational field of the Earth and its dynamic flattening, and are referred to as normal density models. The Earth's surface is approximated by an ellipsoid of the order of the flattening, or of its square. Of the group of normal models sgtisfying the solution of the inverse problem, the normal density modelHME2 is recommended. The spherically symmetric density modelPREM, which was corrected in the course of solving the inverse problem, thus creating the modifiedPREM-E2 model, was used as the a priori information.
¶rt; ¶rt;u an¶rt;u nmmu uu ¶rt;uPREM (m. a. a ¶rt;u nmmu), aumau n m u¶rt;mu na¶rt;am auaumau n u. m u annuum am unu¶rt; au. uau amu a ¶rt; mam H==0.003 273 994. ma ¶rt; a ¶rt; ¶rt;m ¶rt;HME2. am anu u a ¶rt; nmmu a unaa ¶rt; a¶rt;ua umua ¶rt;PREM. ¶rt;aam ¶rt;uuau m ¶rt;u n¶rt; aauPREM-E2.相似文献
2.
Summary The magnetovariational data of 143 stations distributed over the eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif, over the Brunovistulicum and the West Carpathian sector were analysed to obtain transfer functions of the geomagnetic field. Methods of multivariate coherence analysis (spectral domain approach) and of impulse response (time domain approach) were employed. Complex induction vectors were estimated and contour maps of transfer functions were computer generated. Analysing their spatial distribution, we mapped the zones of anomalous induction and interpreted them in terms of electrical conductivity structure with its tectonic implications.
Contribution No. 105/90, Geophysical Institute, Czechosl. Acad. Sci., Prague. 相似文献
azumauau ¶rt;a 143 n mau an n amu m au z aua, az a umua u ana anam auma n¶rt;am uu zazumz n m¶rt;au zz zmz aaua (nma n¶rt;¶rt;) u unz mua um ( n¶rt;¶rt;). mu mama n u¶rt;u ma u nm am uuu n¶rt;am u. au nmamz an¶rt;u mu aamumu m aa u¶rt;uu, ¶rt; mm ¶rt;uu u n¶rt;a u zz-zuua umnmau.
Contribution No. 105/90, Geophysical Institute, Czechosl. Acad. Sci., Prague. 相似文献
3.
Summary We search for the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) sector boundary crossing (SBC) in upper stratospheric ozone. The SBUV data (Nimbus-7) at the 10, 3 and 1 hPa levels are analysed for latitudes 45° N and 55° N for winters of the period December 1979 to December 1982. An effect of the IMF SBC wos only found at the 10 hPa level. These first results concerning the IMF SBC effect in upper stratospheric ozone are rather preliminary.
¶rt;m uu nu mau () nam aum n () a mam. SBUV ¶rt;a (u-7) a nm ¶rt;au 10, 3 u 1a aauum ¶rt; um 45° u 55° . . ua nu¶rt;a ¶rt;a 1979 – ¶rt;a 1982. m uu a¶rt; m a 10a. mu n mam n uuu a mam m n¶rt;aumu.相似文献
4.
Summary Based on the relation between the relative sunspot number R, the number of sunspot groups f
0
generated per unit time on the Sun as a whole and their average lifetime T
0
, and on the extrapolation of time behaviour of f
0
and T
0
, it is proved that abnormally high solar activity may be expected in the first half of the 21st century. At this time, the maximum annual relative sunspot numbers RM of the 11-year cycles should reach values of about 300 units. This abnormally high solar activity in the next century can be understood as the antipole of the Maunderean minimum. This forecast is used to discuss some of the possible consequences of this abnormally high solar activity for the processes on the Earth: changes of climate (heat waves and draughts in Central Europe), in the higher layers of the Earth's atmosphere (anomalous propagation of radio waves, increased effect of the density of the upper atmosphere on the orbits of man-made satellites), in seismicity (increased seismic activity in Europe and Southeast Asia), for technical devices (induced electric currents), in the biosphere. etc.
a mu ¶rt; uau a R nm, unn nm f 0 uu ¶rt;uu u a ë u u ¶rt; n¶rt;ummu uu 0 , u a manuu ¶rt;a f 0 u 0 , naa, m n nu ¶rt; 21 a u¶rt;am uum amum. aua¶rt;u ua a R m¶rt; 11-mu ua m u ¶rt;muam au 300 ¶rt;uu. m uum amum ¶rt; nuam a amun¶rt; a¶rt; uua. a m na ¶rt;am m n¶rt;mu m uum amumu a n nmau a : a uu uama (aa u a n¶rt;a ¶rt; n), a u u am u (aa anmau a¶rt;u, uu n nmmu u am a ¶rt;uu um m), a um (na ua amum n u -m uu), a muu mma (u¶rt;ua muu mu), a u u ma ¶rt;a.相似文献
5.
Vlastislav Červený Jaromír Janský Reviewer I. Pšenčík 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1985,29(1):49-67
Summary A procedure of fast computation of body-wave ray synthetic seismograms in vertically inhomogeneous media is suggested. The procedure uses a special approximation of the velocitydepth distribution which guarantees continuity of the first and second derivatives of velocity and does not generate false low-velocity layers (oscillations in the velocity-depth function). The ZESY82 program package, which is based on the suggested procedure, is described. The point source with an arbitrary radiation pattern may be situated at any points of the model, the receivers are situated regularly or irregularly along any profile on the Earth's surface, containing the epicentre. Numerical examples of the synthetic record sections for a model of the Earth's crust and the uppermost mantle are given.
¶rt;aam m¶rt; m ama ummuu a mua ¶rt;¶rt; ¶rt;, u¶rt; u nua annuauu m aa, ma nuam nm mu u n u m nu¶rt; u nu¶rt;um aau um nu mu. am nua aumn na ZESY82, a a m m¶rt;. umu aamumu uu an m ¶rt;u; nuuu ¶rt; m an¶rt; ¶rt; nu, ¶rt;a num. u¶rt; nu ummuu a ¶rt; ¶rt; ¶rt;u u amuu.相似文献
6.
Summary The distribution of radioactive(Th, U, K), major and selected trace(Rb, Sr, Ba, Y, Zr, V, Cr, Ni) elements of granulites from the Saxonian Granulite Complex was studied. Similarly to the South Bohemian granulites, the Saxonian granulites can be divided according to the contents of their major and trace elements into two main groups, groupA containing mostly acid and subacid granulites (K
2
O>2.5%, SiO
2
>68%), and groupB containing mostly intermediate and basic granulites (K
2
O<2.5%, SiO
2
<68%). Statistically significant differences between groupsA andB were found for all major oxides and several trace elements(Rb, V, Cr, Ni). The Saxonian granulites follow the same calc-alkaline trend as the South Bohemian, granulitesA being placed mostly in the rhyolite field and granulitesB mostly in the dacite, andesite and basalt fields of this trend. The investigated granulites are characterized by a considerable scatter ofTh andU contents accompanied by very variableTh/U ratios; theTh andU concentrations of granulitesA are substantially lower than is usual for rocks of corresponding acidity.
¶rt;a an¶rt;u a¶rt;uamu(Th, U, K) u ua ¶rt;u(Rb, Sr, Ba, Y, Zr, V, Cr, Ni) m aum n¶rt;a aaum na. naa, m u¶rt;aum n uu aam n aaum u ¶rt;u am aua, u u uu. aum n u uu ma a¶rt;um ¶rt; ¶rt;nn; nnA nua¶rt;ama a au¶rt; u au¶rt;aum (K 2 O>2,5%, Si O 2 >68%), nnB ¶rt;u u aum (K 2 O<2,5%, SiO 2 <68%). ¶rt; muunnau mm mamumuu m au ¶rt; a u u ¶rt; m ¶rt;u m(Rb, V, Cr, Ni). auaum n¶rt;¶rt;m um- m¶rt; a u -uaum;aumA a¶rt;ma a uum n, uaumB a a ¶rt;aum, a¶rt;um u aam n m m¶rt;a. ¶rt;aum — u unnA — aamum uu ¶rt;au da¶rt;uamu mTh uU.相似文献
7.
nma nu SS u nmau u nau a¶rt;a ¶rt;u nma u u a au 11-mu ua. u ¶rt; nm ¶rt; n. a¶rt;am nuu nu SS u. 相似文献
8.
Deformation properties of the lithosphere derived from data on recent crustal movements of the earth
aamuam a¶rt;aa ¶rt;uu ¶rt; m u¶rt;mu, uau n¶rt; uu mua ¶rt;uu a uau u . a auu au mmuu mam ¶rt;au mua ¶rt;uu ¶rt;am m am ¶rt; ¶rt;au ma um. 相似文献
9.
Summary Based on model considerations it is shown that, under certain assumptions, zonalization of tropospheric circulation may be expected in the region of the auroral oval as a result of heat released at the time energetic electrons penetrate from the Sun into the lower stratosphere.
a auu ¶rt; a¶rt;u naa, m nu m n¶rt;nu u¶rt;am auau mn uuu amu aa aa mam ¶rt;u mna nuu mumu m u a u mam.相似文献
10.
Jan Kostelecký Zbyněk Nádeník Critique J. Kašpar 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1971,15(3-4):241-245
na ma¶rt;uu n ¶rt;a amamu¶rt;uu ¶rt; una, unu¶rt;a au u m unu¶rt;a — u nua na u n u, m. . nmu, ¶rt; amamu uu. 相似文献
11.
Zusammenfassung Es wurden verschiedene Installierungsmodifikationen von Neigungsmessern auf tschechoslowakischen Gezeitenstationen experimentall untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass weder eine hohe innere Genauigkeit, noch die Übereinstimmung von Messergebnissen als genügende Bedingung für die regionale Representativität angesehen werden kann (Tab. 1, 2). Zur geophysikalischen Deutung der Ergebnisse ist daher eine einheitliche Installierung der Neigungsmesser und eine Überprüfung der Repräsentativität der Ergebnisse unbedingt nötig.
3. 3 , 1975) 相似文献
3. 3 , 1975) 相似文献
12.
Summary The magnetic moments of Uranus and Neptune have been predicted using different scaling laws of planetary magnetism. The predictions for Uranus cover a broad band of values from very weak magnetic fields (tidal relations) to moderate fields (thermal convection hypothesis). Therefore, the direct measurements of this field by Voyager 2 (January 1986) will be very important for testing the individual hapotheses.
Presented at the Fifth Scientific Assembly of IAGA in Prague 1985. 相似文献
a m ama a ¶rt; amua nam ¶rt;a n aum m nam a a nm. aa n¶rt;nmu nuu mu, ¶rt;m u¶rt;am a aum n a nmu aa u u a nmu nma.
Presented at the Fifth Scientific Assembly of IAGA in Prague 1985. 相似文献
13.
A numerical study has been made of the heat transfer through a fluid layer with recirculating flow. The outer fluid surface was assumed to be spherical, while the inner surface consisted of a sphere concentrically or eccentrically located with respect to the outer spherical surface. The recirculating flow was assumed to be driven by a gas flow creating stress on the fluid's outer surface so that creeping (low Reynolds number) flow developed in its interior. The present study solves the Stokes equation of motion and the convective diffusion equation in bispherical coordinates and presents the streamline and isotherm patterns.Nomenclature
a
i
inner sphere radius
-
a
d
outer sphere radius
-
A
1
defined by equation (5)
-
A
2
defined by equation (6)
-
B
1
defined by equation (7)
-
B
2
defined by equation (8)
-
c
dimensional factor for bispherical coordinates
-
C
constant in equation (4)
-
d
narrowest distance between the two eccentric spheres
-
E
2
operator defined by equation (1) in spherical coordinates and by equation (21) in bispherical coordinates
-
G
modified vorticity, defined in equation (22)
-
G
*
non-dimensional modified vorticity, defined in equation (28)
-
h
metric coefficient of bispherical coordinate system, defined in equation (18)
-
k
w
thermal conductivity of water
-
K
1
defined by equation (9)
-
K
2
defined by equation (10)
-
N
Re
Reynolds number=2a
dU/gn
-
N
Pe,h
Peclet number=2a
dU/
-
n
integer counter
-
q
heat flux
-
r
radius
-
r
*
non-dimensional radius=r/a
d
-
S
surface area
-
t
time
-
t
*
non-dimensional time=t/a
d
2
-
T
temperature
-
T
o
temperature at inner sphere surface
-
T
a
temperature at outer sphere surface
-
T
*
non-dimensional temperature;=(T–T
o)/(Ta–To)
-
u
velocity
-
u
r
radial velocity in spherical coordinates
-
u
angular velocity in spherical coordinates
-
u
radial velocity in bispherical coordinates
-
u
angular velocity in bispherical coordinates
-
U
free stream velocity
-
u
r
*
=u
r/U
-
u
*
=u
/U
-
u
*
=u
/U
-
u
*
=u
/U
Greek symbols a
1
small displacement
-
vorticity, defined in equation (17)
- *
non-dimensional vorticity, defined in equation (27)
-
radial bispherical coordinates
- o
bispherical coordinate of inner sphere
- a
bispherical coordinate of outer sphere
-
angular coordinate in spherical coordinates
-
thermal diffusivity
- w
thermal diffusivity of water
-
kinematic viscosity
-
angular bispherical coordinate
-
spherical coordinate
-
streamfunction
-
non-dimensional streamfunction for spherical coordinates, = /(U
a
d
2
)
- *
non-dimensional streamfunction for bispherical coordinates, defined in equation (26) 相似文献
14.
Summary The accuracy of wave field extrapolation is studied with respect to the discretization of field data and integral extrapolator. Assuming a far-field approximation of the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld solution for a two-dimensional scalar wave equation, the minimum and the maximum transmitted frequency are expressed as functions of the sampling intervals t, x, and the half-width x0 and angle a of the migration aperture. The theoretical limitation of the transmitted frequency band is tested on numerical examples.
aamuam mm manuu auumu m ¶rt;umuauu n u uma manu nama. ¶rt; u uma u -¶rt;a ¶rt; ¶rt; a au, ¶rt; nuuuu ¶rt;a n mu ¶rt; uua u aua n¶rt;aa amm a uu m a -nmam ¶rt;umuauu t u , nuu 0 u a a uau anm. mu n¶rt;u amm ¶rt;uanaa mmua a u nua.相似文献
15.
Summary The regular astronomical determinations of the geographic latitude and UT from Ondejov PZT observations were used to estimate the fluctuations with a frequency of 1.00217 of the sidereal day, corresponding to the theoretical value of the frequency of the nearly diurnal free wobble of the pole. The combined polar wobble and nutation as reflected in astronomical observations was analysed, and a method of estimating the amplitudes of the periodic components, based on observing changes of latitude and time during the separate observation nights, is proposed. The numerical solution indicates that fluctuations which can be considered a manifestation of retrograde free nutation with an amplitude of approximately 0.02, are present in the PZT observations.
uuau um u u u ¶rt; una ¶rt; u au amm 1,002 17 ¶rt; m, mmm ¶rt; um ¶rt;uu na, ¶rt;am aau uu ¶rt;u mauu u ¶rt;uu na amuu a¶rt;u. ¶rt;aam m¶rt; ¶rt; u nu¶rt;uu ua, u¶rt;u u uu um u u m¶rt; a¶rt;u. u mam u¶rt;um a ¶rt; um mauu anau nmu ¶rt;uu a mu anum¶rt; 0,02.相似文献
16.
Summary An explicit solution is obtained for the system of equations describing the spheroidal motion in a homogeneous, isotropic, gravitating, elastic medium possessing spherical symmetry. This solution is used to derive the Green's dyad for a homogeneous gravitating sphere. The Green's dyad is then employed to obtain the displacement field induced by tangential and tensile dislocations of arbitrary orientation and depth within the sphere.Notation
G
Gravitational constant
-
a
Radius of the earth
-
A
o
=4/3 G
-
Perturbation of the gravitational potential
-
Circular frequency
-
V
p
,V
s
Compressional and shear wave velocities
-
k
p
=/V
p
-
k
s
=/V
s
-
k
p
[(2.8)]
- ,
[(2.17)]
-
f
l
+
Spherical Bessel function of the first kind
-
f
l
–
Spherical Hankel function of the second kind
-
x
=r
-
y
=r
-
x
o
=r
o
-
y
o
=ro
-
x
=r k
s
-
y
=r k
p
-
x
o
=r
o
k
s
-
y
o
=r
o
k
p
-
=a
-
=a
-
[(5.17)]
-
m, l
相似文献
17.
ua bmam umumu ¶rt;uauu mu ¶rt;u , n no mo¶rt; me a [3] u no mo¶rt; [5] ¶rt; u a mauu uu amum. na¶rt;u ¶rt; m a h0=6°. 相似文献
18.
Summary The derivatives of the harmonicsP
n
(k)
(sin O)cos kTO andP
n
(k)
(sin O)sin kTO, occurring in the development of the lunar disturbing potential, are derived upto n=4 and for k== 0, 1, ..., n. The equatorial co-ordinates OTO are referred to the Moon's mass centre; the procedure for the solar disturbing potential is formally identical. 相似文献
19.
Alexander P. Anufriev Ivan Cupal Reviewer G. Siráň 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1987,31(1):37-42
Summary The behaviour of the poloidal and toroidal magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary is analysed in more detail, assuming that the conductive layer in the lowest mantle is thin. We can conclude that, in the case of the Z-model of the nearly symmetric hydromagnetic dynamo, the poloidal field may be considered potential everywhere in the mantle and that the azimuthal field depends on the geostrophic azimuthal velocity in the same manner as derived in[1] and[3].
aau ¶rt;-amu n¶rt;nuu m n¶rt; amuu aauum n¶rt;u nu¶rt;a u mu¶rt;a n. am ¶rt;, m Z-¶rt;u nmu umuu¶rt;aum ¶rt;ua aum nu¶rt;a n umam nmua ¶rt; amuu a n¶rt;u . ¶rt;m¶rt;am na [1] u [3] auum auma aum n m auma mu.相似文献
20.
Jaroslava Plomerová Libuše Ruprechtová Vladislav Babuška Reviewer A. Zátopek 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1979,23(3):288-295
17 mmu u uma uu 1976. anua 5 ¶rt;numu mauumu u¶rt;a mu u m na Pn, Pg, Sn u Sg. u¶rt; numm muam u mum ma¶rt;am¶rt;a ¶rt; uu mmu n¶rt;naam nu m m uamm aumm. ¶rt;am nu m mmu maua. 相似文献