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1.
N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldene)-4-aminoantipyrine has been synthesized. The structure is determined by X-ray diffraction method and elemental analysis. The crystal system belongs to orthorhombic space group P(2)2(1)2(1). The geometry has been ob-tained from the density functional theory (DFT) method and the B3LYP method employing the 6-31G* basis sets. The calculated results propose that the latter is close to the experimental data. The structural parameters from the theory are close to those of the crystal and the calculated total energy of coordination is -31677.172 eV. The energy of HOMO and LUMO and the energy gap are 5.179 eV, -1.603 eV and 3.577 eV, respectively.  相似文献   

2.
针对纳米塑料颗粒在饱和多孔介质中的迁移及其影响因素, 以纳米聚苯乙烯(PSNPs)作为典型纳米塑料颗粒, 通过实验和理论相结合的方法研究纳米塑料颗粒的迁移规律。以经典DLVO理论计算出PSNPs与石英砂颗粒之间的相互作用能, 分析预测PSNPs与石英砂之间的吸附、聚沉。在柱实验中, 以石英砂作为多孔介质填充到砂柱中, 让PSNPs在一维饱和砂柱中迁移, 研究不同条件下PSNPs的迁移行为和影响因素。结果表明, 当离子强度由1 mmol/L增至50 mmol/L(电解质为NaCl), PSNPs与石英砂颗粒之间的相互作用能的势垒则从215.13 KT逐渐降低至45.9 KT使得PSNPs更易于吸附在石英砂介质表面, 从而降低PSNPs在多孔介质中的迁移能力, PSNPs的穿透率由62.16%降至3.65%。当离子强度由0.1 mmol/L增至5 mmol/L(电解质为CaCl2)时, 势垒则由33.72 KT降至14.03 KT, PSNPs的穿透率从82.46%降至4.27%。这些实验现象说明增加离子强度对PSNPs的穿透起到抑制作用, 且Ca2+比Na+具有更强的电荷屏蔽作用。同时提高PSNPs的初始浓度、流速和介质粒径均可增大PSNPs的穿透率, 而大粒径PNSPs颗粒的穿透率则较小。研究中构建了PSNPs实际运移与理论之间的关系, 进一步推进PSNPs的环境行为和机理研究, 为系统全面评价纳米塑料颗粒在土壤-地下水中的环境风险和生态安全提供科学依据。   相似文献   

3.
对由六角形冰晶粒子组成的冰云的14种冰晶尺度分布,分别用等效球Mie理论和射线光学理论计算了它们在从可见光到近红外谱区的17个波长上的散射特性参量。并利用由等效球Mie理论获得的散射参数及冰晶尺度分布特征参量re(有效半径)建立了冰云光学特性的参数化公式。这些参数化公式的最大相对误差小于5%。  相似文献   

4.
针对GPT2w模型误差累积所导致的天顶对流层延迟(zenith tropospheric delay, ZTD)和大气可降水量(precipitable water vapor, PWV)精度不高的问题,利用2017年长三角地区7个探空站和2个GNSS站的实测数据检验GPT2w模型获取的气压、温度、水汽压、加权平均温度(Tm)和ZTD等参数的精度,并融合GNSS解算得到的ZTD(GNSS-ZTD)与GPT2w模型获取的气象参数,提高PWV反演精度。结果表明:1)近地面处的气压、温度和水汽压的bias分布在-3~4 mbar、-7~7 K和-9~2 mbar之间,精度较高;2)GPT2w模型获取的Tm在长三角地区适用性较好,年均bias和RMS分别为-1.21 K和6.89 K;3)基于GPT2w模型解算的ZTD的bias和RMS均值分别为1.4 cm和9.4 cm,精度明显低于基于实测气象数据获得的GNSS-ZTD;4)参数融合法计算的PWV与GNSS-PWV精度相当,该方法可用于无实测气象参数时实时获取PWV。  相似文献   

5.
基于谱-有限元法计算一个球型、非自转、完全弹性、各向同性(SNERI)的地球固体潮形变,其中地球固体部分潮汐形变的弱解用哈密顿变分原理给出,液核部分的弱解采用静态中性分层的流体近似。计算过程中把SNERI地球进行等间距球层剖分,球面上对解函数和试探函数采用球谐展开,径向上采用线性插值。比较数值计算结果与同质地球模型的解析解结果得出,1 km径向等距剖分即可获得10~(-8)精度量级的低阶Love数。基于PREM地球模型的计算结果表明,谱-有限元法计算的固体潮2~3阶Love数与Runge-Kutta法的计算值差异在10~(-4)量级;与武汉台超导重力仪8个主潮波的实测重力潮汐因子相比,本方法计算的理论重力潮汐因子相差平均约0.15%。研究结果说明,谱-有限元法具有较好的收敛性与较高的计算精度,比传统Runge-Kutta法更适用于高精度地计算复杂地球模型的固体潮形变。  相似文献   

6.
Bottom temperature variation (BTV) is a serious problem in determining the thermal gradient and heart flow of the sediments in shallow seas. The water depth of the East China Sea shelf is mostly below 150m, and the heat flow measurement is strongly affected by BTV. Following a statistical algorithm, we rechecked the temperature and thermal conductivity data of the cruises KX90-1 and KX91-1, carried out by a cooperation program of China and Japan, and calculate the heat flow in a site without long-term temperature record. The calculated heat flow in the site was 58.6±3.6 mW/m2, being just within the range of the drill heat flow value of East China Sea shelf. The inversed amplitude spectrum of BTV has a peak in frequency of 1/10 per year, and the annual component is also an important part. Comparison with two lakes of Lake Greifensee and Lac Leman (i.e. Lake Geneva), which are in different water depth, revealed that with increasing water depth, the peak of amplitude spectrum moved towards low frequency components. The heat flow values calculated in this paper and from petroleum bore hole in East China Sea shelf are much more close to that in southeast China than in Okinawa Trough. Supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (2004 AA616060)  相似文献   

7.
结合4种不同的去相关滤波和2种平滑滤波,利用5组GRACE数据反演了青藏高原及邻区陆地水储量变化趋势,研究了结果的可变性。结果表明,采用S&W(P2M8)变宽度滑动窗口去条带效果较好,其结果中的湖水、冰川信号与卫星测高观测的信号位置具有较好的一致性。高斯滤波的异常幅值与扇形滤波相差10%~30%,平滑处理后异常幅值减少,观测分辨率降低,部分湖和冰川信号甚至消失。CSR/GFZ/JPL重力场模型反演的结果相近,但CSR去条带效果最好;JPL质量模型MAS/MAS_S的结果也相近,但在高原西部有较大差异。重力场模型与质量模型的结果相差很大。在利用GRACE卫星监测本地区陆地水储量变化时,推荐使用S&W(P2M8)去条带滤波器、CSR重力场模型数据。  相似文献   

8.
There is a consensus that sediment delivery ratio in the Chinese Loess Plateau is close to 1at the inter-annual timescale. However, little information is available about the sediment delivery at finer timescales. We evaluated the sediment delivery from plots to watersheds at the event or intra-annual, annual, and inter-annual timescales within the Wudinghe river basin, a 30,261 km2 basin in the Loess Plateau. We calculated the ratio of sediment output to sediment input and presented the temporal change of the channel morphology to determine whether sediment deposition occurs.Although a single flood event frequently has a sediment yield exceeding 10,000 t km-2, sediment deposition rarely occurs except during some small runoff events(sediment yield 5000 t km-2) or dry years(sediment yield 10,000 t km-2) when moving from slopes up to the main channels of the Wudinghe River. This observation suggests a sediment delivery ratio close to 1 even at the event or intra-annual and the annual timescales, but not necessarily at the interannual timescale. Such a high sediment delivery ratio can be related to hyper-concentrated flows, which have very strong sediment transport capacity even at low flow strength. Because hyper-concentrated flows are well-developed in the whole Loess Plateau, a sediment delivery ratio close to 1 below the interannual timescale possibly remains true for other rivers in the Loess Plateau.  相似文献   

9.
海水加载引起的厦门台地倾斜变化   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
根据内海与外海海水加载模型,运用弹性理论定量计算了海水加载引起的厦门台地倾斜变化。结果表明:1)地倾斜对近距离的加载极为敏感,随着观测点与海水距离的增加,加载的影响程度逐渐减弱,超过200 km,其影响可以忽略不计;2)海潮对厦门台地倾斜南北分量的干扰主要是海水的加卸载;而对东西分量的干扰则较为复杂;3)外海与港内湾流对厦门台地倾斜的干扰机制不同:外海的影响主要在幅度方面;而港内湾流则在幅度与相位两方面都有,尤其对后者的干扰更为明显。  相似文献   

10.
应用CNDO/2量子化学方法计算了12个氯苯类化合物(包括苯分子)的电子结构,并结合相关分析和逐步回归分析方法,探讨了氯苯类化合物电子结构与其对花鳉鱼(Guppy)和发光细菌(MicrotoX)半致死量负对数(DLC50、EC50)之间的定量关系,分别获得氯苯化合物最低空轨道(LUMO)与最高占据轨道(HOMO)的能量差(DELH)与DLC50和EC50之间的线性方程(相关系数分别为0.969和0.937)。结果表明:DELH值越小,即化合物接受电子的能力越强,则氯苯化合物对Guppy和Microtox的毒性就越大,据此可预测氯苯化合物的毒性。  相似文献   

11.
本文采用耗散结构理论,论述了斜长石环带结构的成因信息,提出了晶体生长的动力学数学模型,并指出外界能源的供给对晶体生长和构型有着重要的影响。讨论结果表明,当能量供给体系的速率超过某一临界阈值时,就会发生大范围的相干振动现象,它将引起水压等参数的周期性变化。这样,在斜长石的结晶过程中可以形成一种典型的相干结构—韵律型环带结构。  相似文献   

12.
The Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau area was subjected to twice uplift and planation in the Tertiary. Intense uplifting of the plateau area has given rise to drastic changes and differentiation of physical environment on the plateau and the surrounding area since 3.4 Ma B.P. Significant environmental changes with dry tendency in interior of the plateau had occurred during the last 150 ka B.P. By comparative study on several mountains of the plateau, two systems of the structure-type of the altitudinal belt are identified and nine groups are subdivided. A distribution model with close relevance to highland uplift effect has been generalized. A number of striking geo-ecological phenomen and their spatial pattern such as moisture corridor, dry valleys, high-cold meadow zone, and high-cold arid core area are investigated and discussed. Based on the thermal conditions, moisture regimes and variation in landforms of the plateau is sequentially demarcated. A tentative scheme of 2 temperature belts, 10 natural zones and 28 physical districts has been proposed not including southern slopes of the East Himalayas. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is sensitive to “green house effect”, showing close relation with global change. Characteristics of temperature and precipitation on the plateau during the last 2000 years, and response of glaciers, snow deposit and permafrost on the plateau to global change are dealt with in the present paper. Under the auspices of Chinese National Key Project for Basic Research (G1998040800) and CAS project on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (KZ951 - A1 - 204, KZ95T - 06)  相似文献   

13.
A new kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of iron (Ⅲ). The method is based on the catalytic effect of iron (Ⅲ) on the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by KIO4 in acid medium. The advantages of the proposed method are that it is sensitive, accurate, rapid, inexpensive, can be operated under room temperature and has a large determination concentration range compared to other techniques. The obtained optimum conditions are: pH 3.15, RAWL (200 mgL-1) 5.00mL, Potassium periodate solution (0.01 molL-1) 0.30mL, phenanthroline (0.02molL-1) 1.00mL, reaction temperature 25℃ and reaction time 7 miu. With this method iron could quantitively be determined in the range 0.00-0.02 mgL-1, the detection limit being 4.10×10-10mL-1. The relative standard deviations (RSD) in five replicate determinations for 3 μgL-1 and 5μgL-1 iron (Ⅲ) are 3.1% and 1.9%, respectively. The method has been applied to the determination of iron (Ⅲ) in tap water samples and seawater samples (from the South China Sea), the recovery rates being 98.0% and 100.5%, respectively.  相似文献   

14.
遥感地表能量信息通过空间分布及变化趋势体现生态系统要素的格局、状态、质量,客观反映城市生态系统的状态,是度量区域生态系统要素生态过程的重要内容。本文以三亚市热带雨林植被环境的地表能量综合响应特征和作用、影响关系特征为基础,采用植被指数分级、地表能量分级和植被-能量关系等指标,结合雨林垂直分带和植被分布信息,探讨近30年(1987-2016年)不同时期热带雨林环境的水平地带性、垂直地带性及其时空变化特征。结果表明:①近30年三亚市域植被覆盖比例维持在90%左右,植被指数分级构成以高、中数值分布为主,并呈现整体趋高态势。②各级地表能量分布比例的波动幅度在10%之内,中等地表能量级别范围呈现向低地表能量区域扩展趋势。③随着海拔高度的提升,植被指数高数值的热带雨林分布比例增加,地表能量值降低。④热带雨林的地表能量和植被指数的时空分布稳定性均高于人工植被。本文基于遥感地表能量综合响应特征和作用、影响关系特征建立的指标评价体系,可以为热带雨林生态系统的量化评价提供支持。  相似文献   

15.
1 Introduction6Alkaline- earth sulfides have been found to beexcellent hosts.. for versatile phosphors such as thecathodo-, photo -, thermo - and electro - luminescent materials (N. Ruelle, M. Pham Thi and C.FOuassier, 1992; S. H. Pawar, 1974). HOwever,no…  相似文献   

16.
珊溪水库地震与构造地震波谱时-频特征的对比研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
基于2002~2006年浙江地震台网记录的数字化波形资料,利用时-频分析方法,研究了珊溪水库诱发地震和构造地震波谱的时-频特征,发现两者的P波波谱存在差异:1)水库诱发地震P波主频低于构造地震;2)水库诱发地震P波频率成分比构造地震丰富,能量密度频谱随频率轴展布较宽,且出现多个能量较强的频率段;3)水库诱发地震P波能量强度的峰值在整个波列中出现时间较构造地震早且能量衰减快。  相似文献   

17.
MODIS的增强型植被指数(EVI)时间序列数据早已广泛应用于植被观测、生态环境和全球气象变化等研究领域,但即使EVI时间序列数据已经经过严格的预处理,其中仍然存在着一些噪声。因此,本文开发了一种简单有效的方法来重构EVI时间序列数据,减少EVI时间序列数据中的噪声,尤其是一些由大气云层和冰雪覆盖产生的噪声。新方法的理论来源于图论,利用拉普拉斯矩阵的关系对EVI中选定的邻域窗口的像元权重进行赋值,得到中心像元的拟合。新方法已应用于2016—2018年的MODIS MOD13A1产品,并与S-G滤波法、谐波函数法、双逻辑斯蒂拟合法和非对称高斯函数法进行了比较。结果表明,在荒漠、草原和林地中,新方法留一验证测试的绝对差值最小,相较于其他方法效果较优;在拟合不同植被类型的EVI时间序列数据时,图论邻点方法呈现出更好的细节拟合曲线;其在5类植被类型中的RMSE值分别为200.59、46.58、63.48、165.47和40.95,在5种方法中均为最小值,在获取高保真和高质量的EVI时间序列数据方面优势更明显有效。本文的方法研究可以给植被遥感时序数据的去噪和生态环境的研究提供有益借鉴。  相似文献   

18.
基于物性、铸体薄片、电镜扫描和高压压汞等测试分析资料,利用汞饱和度法和含水饱和度法对杭锦旗地区盒1段致密储层孔隙结构分形维数进行了计算,并分析其与储层物性的关系。结果表明:盒1段储层平均孔隙度、渗透率分别为9.83%、1.03×10-3 μm2,储集空间以粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和残余粒间孔为主。汞饱和度法计算的整体分形维数分布在2.138 4~2.829 2,平均值为2.396 5,含水饱和度法计算的整体分形维数分布在2.529 4~2.879 7,平均值为2.679 1。相比于含水饱和度法,汞饱和度法计算的分形维数与孔隙度、渗透率及各孔隙结构参数之间具有更好的相关性,是因为含水饱和度法易对孔喉较小的样品产生偏差。基于汞饱和度法分形维数,将盒1段储层孔隙结构分为四类:Ⅰ类(Df≤2.31),Ⅱ类(2.31 < Df < 2.4),Ⅲ类(2.4≤Df < 2.52),Ⅳ类(Df≥2.52),研究区主要孔隙结构类型为Ⅱ、Ⅲ类。选取分形维数(Df)、平均孔喉半径(Rm)和孔隙度(φ)等参数,对渗透率进行多元回归计算,计算值与实测值相关系数在0.9以上,表明计算模型在本区较为适用。   相似文献   

19.
?????????????????????GPS???????,??????????????Ms8.1??????????????λ???????????????????仯??????????????????????????:1???????????????й??????α??????????,??????????????????????γ????????????????;2?????????????????????粿?γ????????????????????????5.9?????????5.4???????????????????γ??????β??????????;3????????????嶫?????????????巴??,????????Χ???????嶫??????????????????????;4????????????????????????????????Щ??????  相似文献   

20.
地球极移参数高精度双差分LS+AR预报方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
提出基于双差分最小二乘LS+AR模型的高精度极移参数预报方法。首先,对极移数据进行双差分处理,用以增强数据平稳性,获取差分极移数据,并采用LS方法对差分极移数据进行拟合,获取极移残差数据;其次,利用AR模型对极移残差数据进行预报;然后,综合LS外推预报值与AR模型预报值获取差分极移预报值;最后,对差分极移预报结果进行逆双差分处理,获取高精度的极移预报值。将该方法应用于实际极移参数预报中,结果表明,1d的极移X分量(PMX)预报精度优于0.25mas,极移Y分量(PMY)预报精度优于0.2mas。将该预报结果与国际EOP_PCC预报结果对比表明,极移短期预报精度与EOP_PCC预报结果相当,1d的预报精度略优于EOP_PCC预报结果。  相似文献   

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