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1.
伊拉克艾哈代布油田中-下白垩统碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构类型划分及其差异性的受控因素和成因的认识是制约该类储层分类评价的一个关键问题。本文综合运用了常规薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、电子探针、常规物性、压汞分析、阴极发光、稳定同位素分析等手段及统计分析方法对储层的主要孔隙类型、喉道类型、喉道分布类型进行了研究,并在此基础上确定了高孔中渗细喉型、中高孔低渗细喉型、中高孔特低渗微喉型、低孔特低渗极微喉型四种孔隙结构类型及其划分依据和方案,同时指出了在该类储层中好的孔隙结构具有网络状、偏细型、分选较差的孔喉特征。通过分析明确了孔隙结构差异性的主要控制因素为岩石组构和溶蚀作用,认为该套储层的孔喉空间及结构是以沉积形成的原生孔隙受同生期或准同生期的溶蚀改造为基础,并在后期表生岩溶作用下的改造而成;而先期受岩石组构控制下的溶蚀作用控制了储层孔隙结构的差异性。通过本文研究将对中东地区该类储层的形成及分类评价研究具有较好的指导意义。  相似文献   

2.
以松辽盆地南部大安油田扶余油层致密砂岩样品为研究对象,利用VGStudio MAX强大的CT数据分析功能结合Avizo软件先进的数学算法,建立了大安油田扶余油层致密砂岩多尺度三维数字岩心模型,该模型具有样品无损、结果直观、数据丰富等优势;同时结合环境描电镜(ESEM)、Maps图像拼接技术、铸体薄片、恒速压汞等油气分析测试方法对松辽盆地南部大安油田扶余油层微观孔隙特征进行了定量表征,为进一步开展大安油田扶余油层渗流机理的研究打下了基础。研究表明:微米尺度下,大安油田扶余油层储集空间类型以溶蚀型孔隙和微裂缝为主,不同孔渗的样品孔喉的形态和尺寸有所不同,孔喉形态多为球状和条带状,孔喉分布状态主要有连片状和孤立状两种;纳米尺度下,大安油田扶余油层储集空间类型以矿物颗粒内部或表面的溶蚀孔隙和微裂缝为主,纳米孔喉形态上多呈小球状、管状,微裂缝对纳米级孔隙有很好的沟通作用。喉道半径较窄是造成样品的实测渗透率较低的主要原因。  相似文献   

3.
通过岩心观察、镜下薄片、扫描电镜和X衍射、物性和压汞等资料分析,对松辽盆地龙西地区泉四段低孔低渗砂岩的岩石学特征、储层物性及微观孔隙结构特征进行了研究。研究表明,松辽盆地龙西地区泉四段砂岩主要为长石岩屑砂岩,其次为岩屑长石砂岩,成分和结构成熟度较低,储层物性明显呈现出低孔低渗特征,孔隙类型以残余粒间孔和溶蚀孔为主,孔喉半径较小,相对小孔喉所占比率较大,孔喉分选和连通性较差,非均质性强。在总体孔喉较小的背景下,随着较大孔喉半径的增大储层物性变好,而储层物性随着孔喉集中程度的增强而变差。根据经典的孔喉分类标准,将松辽盆地龙西地区泉四段低孔低渗透储层分为4类：细孔细喉型、微孔细喉型、微孔微细喉型和微孔微喉道型。  相似文献   

4.
根据40余口钻井的岩石学资料, 较系统地描述了乌夏地区二叠系储集层特征及其主要影响因素。乌夏地区二叠系储集层类型多样,主要包括陆源碎屑岩、白云（质）岩、火山碎屑岩和火山岩4大类。乌夏地区二叠系储集空间类型以次生孔隙为主,碎屑岩储集层以粒内溶孔、填隙物内溶孔、压裂缝最为发育;白云岩储集层主要发育裂缝,火山碎屑岩储集空间类型则主要为气孔和裂缝,火山岩储集层在乌夏地区分布较少,储集空间主要为气孔。二叠系储集层孔隙结构均属小孔细喉、微孔微细喉、微孔微喉,储集性能中等-差,整体为中、低孔渗储集层。研究认为岩性、粒度、成岩压实、溶蚀及破裂作用是本区储集层质量的主要影响因素：岩性、粒度主要影响储集层性质;压实作用是孔隙损失的主控因素,平均压实减孔量高达23.65％;溶蚀及破裂作用则对改善储集层物性起重要作用;断裂活动也使断裂带附近储集层物性发生明显的改善。根据储集层储集性能及其控制因素,将储集层划分为5种类型,乌夏地区以Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ类为主。

  相似文献   

5.
通过岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性分析和孔隙图像分析等资料,对高邮凹陷永安地区戴南组一段砂岩储层特征进行了系统分析,从沉积和成岩两方面对储层物性主控因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:岩石类型为长石岩屑砂岩,成分成熟度较低,粒度偏细,分选中等偏差; 储层物性以低孔低渗为主中孔中渗为辅,孔隙类型有粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和铸模孔,平均孔径为37.53 μm,喉道主要为可变端面的收缩部分,其次为片状和弯片状喉道,平均喉道半径为10.25 μm,孔喉配位数主要为3,分选性好。沉积作用是高邮凹陷永安地区戴南组一段砂岩储层物性主控因素之一,水动力强分选程度高的沉积环境形成的砂岩粒度大分选好,储层物性好; 不同的成岩作用类型对储层物性具有不同的控制作用,压实和胶结作用导致储层孔隙空间变小,物性变差,而溶蚀作用形成次生孔隙空间,储层物性得到改善,在2 500～2 700 m和2 850～2 950 m处形成了明显的次生孔隙发育带。  相似文献   

6.
渤海湾盆地辽河坳陷西部凹陷南段古近系沙河街组中发现了低产油气流和工业油气流,储集层具有低—特低孔隙度、特低—超低渗透率、低压的特征,属于典型的致密砂岩储集层。应用大量的薄片、扫描电镜、粒度分析、压汞和物性等测试资料,研究了致密砂岩的微观特征,探讨了致密砂岩的形成机理。研究结果表明,致密砂岩(孔隙度小于10.0%)大多发育在凹陷区;矿物成分、粒度、分选、磨圆等沉积学参数与致密砂岩的形成关系不大;致密砂岩的孔隙类型主要为次生孔隙,孔隙结构整体上具有中孔径、微细喉以及喉道分选不均匀等特征;机械压实作用和胶结作用导致了致密砂岩的形成,该致密砂岩属于次生型致密砂岩。  相似文献   

7.
羌塘盆地中侏罗统布曲组白云岩为非均质性强的低孔、低渗储层,孔喉结构评价难度较大。选取南羌塘坳陷布曲组20件白云岩岩心样品,通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜观察,结合物性分析和常规压汞实验,研究其孔喉分布和分形特征,探索分形维数与白云岩储层物性参数、孔喉结构参数、孔隙成因之间的关系。结果表明：（1）研究区布曲组白云岩储集空间类型包括组构选择性孔隙、非组构选择性孔隙、裂缝3类,依据毛管压力曲线特征将其孔喉结构分为5种类型,其分形曲线具有明显的转折点,转折点为孔喉分布峰值,代表连通性好的大尺度孔喉向连通性差的小尺度孔喉的转变;（2）小尺度孔喉的层内非均质性较弱、层间非均质性强,大尺度孔喉的分形维数比小尺度孔喉小,但分布区间较宽,样品间差异明显,表明大尺度孔喉复杂多样,层间（整体）非均质性比小尺度强;（3）大尺度孔喉的分形维数与储层参数、孔喉结构参数相关性较好,可用于布曲组白云岩储层的孔喉结构定量表征,大尺度孔喉分形维数越小,储层物性越好,大尺度孔喉占比越多对储层整体渗透能力的贡献越大;（4）该套储层的储集空间与孔喉结构以沉积形成的碳酸盐沉积物孔隙为基础,白云石化作用和溶蚀作用共同控制了孔喉结构的差异性。  相似文献   

8.
以苏里格气田盒8段和山1段为例,开展了低渗透储集层微观孔隙结构特征的研究工作。以取心井压汞测试、扫描电镜、铸体薄片等分析化验资料为基础,通过分析储层的孔隙结构和孔隙类型,将储层微观孔隙结构分为4类,分析了各类微观孔隙结构的特征。沉积环境和成岩作用的双重影响使得盒8段和山1段的储层孔隙结构非常复杂,造成本区储层特低渗透率的主要成因机制为成岩期强烈的压实作用及各种自生矿物的充填和胶结作用。主要的储集空间为次生孔隙,孔喉组合主要为低孔小喉型。应用聚类分析和Bayes判别分析方法,选取7种宏观和微观非均质参数,在建立4类微观孔隙结构判别函数的基础上,对苏里格气田进行了微观孔隙结构识别,绘制了主力小层储层综合评价图。分析表明：Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类储层为研究区的优质储层,是今后低渗透盒8段和山1段的主要勘探开发目标。  相似文献   

9.
塔里木盆地轮南地区三叠系扇三角洲沉积与储集层研究   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21  
顾家裕  何斌 《沉积学报》1994,12(2):54-62
轮南地区三叠纪时由于受轮台断裂影响,断裂两侧地形高差大,冲积扇沉积直接进入湖盆,形成扇三角洲沉积体群?扇三角洲沉积体明显地可划分为:扇三角洲平原亚相?扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相?扇三角洲前缘亚相中的水下分流河道沉积砂体是主要的油气储集体,储集砂体最发育地区位于桑塔木断垒带及以南地区?储集砂岩类型主要是矿物和结构成熟度较低的细─粗粒岩屑砂岩,石英含量15~60%,长石含量10~25%,岩屑含量35~75%?储集层的储集空间以次生溶蚀孔为主,其中包括粒间溶孔?粒内溶孔?超大孔隙?胶结物溶蚀孔?微孔隙,其次是原生孔和裂缝?轮南地区三叠系属深埋?高孔?高溶储层特征,埋深4200~5400m,其储集砂体,泥质含量低,小于5%?有机酸和无机酸对颗粒的溶蚀,扩大了储集空间,粘土矿物中绝大部分为斑点状高岭石,不易堵塞孔隙和喉道,低的地温梯度和短期的深埋等使三叠系储层具备高孔高渗的特点?孔隙度为15~28.54%,渗透率为10~4317.9×10-3um2?  相似文献   

10.
王海云  李捷 《世界地质》1998,17(3):28-31
论述了东北晚中生代断陷盆了Ｊ３－Ｋ１储层的孔隙组合特征及砂岩储层的孔隙结构类型,砂岩储层的孔隙组合为５种类型,正常粒间孔及缩小粒间孔组合;正常粒间孔及粒间扩大溶孔组合;粒间扩大溶孔及铸模孔组合;粒内溶孔及胶结物内溶孔组合,微孔和裂缝与少量原生粒间孔及残余缩小溶孔组合;特殊储层的孔隙组合因储层类型的不同而异,砾岩储层以砾间孔隙＋砾间填隙物孔隙为主,安山岩储层为气孔＋裂缝或气孔＋裂缝＋砾（粒）间空隙。  相似文献   

11.
Pore distribution and micro pore-throat structure characteristics are significant for tight oil reservoir evaluation, but their relationship remains unclear. This paper selects the tight sandstone reservoir of the Chang 7 member of the Xin’anbian Block in the Ordos Basin as the research object and analyzes the pore size distribution and micro pore-throat structure using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI), highpressure mercury injection, and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) analyses. The study finds that:(1) Based on the pore size distribution, the tight sandstone reservoir is characterized by three main patterns with different peak amplitudes. The former peak corresponds to the nanopore scale, and the latter peak corresponds to the micropore scale. Then, the tight sandstone reservoir is categorized into three types: type 1 reservoir contains more nanopores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 82:18;type 2 reservoir has a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 47:53;and type 3 reservoir contains more micropores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 35:65.(2) Affected by the pore size distribution, the throat radius distributions of different reservoir types are notably offset. The type 1 reservoir throat radius distribution curve is weakly unimodal, with a relatively dispersed distribution and peak ranging from 0.01 μm to 0.025 μm. The type 2 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a wide distribution range and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. The type 3 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a relatively narrow distribution and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. With increasing micropore volume, pore-throat structure characteristics gradually improve.(3) The correlation between micropore permeability and porosity exceeds that of nanopores, indicating that the development of micropores notably influences the seepage capacity. In the type 1 reservoir, only the mean radius and effective porosity have suitable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities. The pore-throat structure parameters of the type 2 and 3 reservoirs have reasonable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities, indicating that the development of these types of reservoirs is affected by the pore size distribution. This study is of great significance for evaluating lacustrine tight sandstone reservoirs in China. The research results can provide guidance for evaluating tight sandstone reservoirs in other regions based on pore size distribution.  相似文献   

12.
运用岩石高压三轴加载装置和渗透压加载装置,对砂岩进行固定应力变渗透水压力试验,同时借助SOMATOMPLUS螺旋CT扫描机进行实时观测。通过试验结果分析,推出了基于CT数的岩石空隙率公式,从CT尺度上分析了岩石空隙率、渗透速度、渗流速度、微孔隙直径、渗透率等随渗透水压力的变化规律。结果表明:岩石的渗透参数随渗透压力的增加而增大,渗透参数随渗透压力的变化呈对数关系,这是由于渗透水压力使岩石内部空隙发生变形,这一变形为弹性变形;而渗流速度与渗透水压力呈线性关系,符合宏观尺度渗流的达西定律。   相似文献   

13.
In the present study, 12 theoretical models have been introduced for studying the effect of the grain size and shape on the intergranular porosity, ?. From the first eight models, it is stated that the grain size has no effect on the intergranular porosity, but it is declared that the smaller the grain size means the smaller the interstitial pore spaces and therefore, the less the ability of the pore spaces to receive finer sediments, then the higher the porosity. On the other hand, studying the present models revealed that the total intergranular porosity decreases when increasing the grain elongation ‘E’ (the length of the grain/the diameter of the grain) as a shape anisotropy parameter. A new equation has been introduced relating the total pore volume to the grain shape/elongation. $$ \emptyset = 26.188\ {E^{-1 }} + 21.431 $$ The grain sorting of the present models has been studied by adding another group of grains of the critical grain size of occupation inside the pore spaces; the pore volume decreases by about 41.0 % of the total porosity. To check the applicability of the proposed equation, 46 samples of highly porous sandstone have been selected from different places in Egypt and studied petrographically, and their total pore volume have been measured using Digital Image Analysis (DIA) ‘? Im’ and helium injection technique ‘? He.’ Petrographically, the studied samples are quartz arenite and ferruginous quartz arenite. The pore types are mostly characterized mostly as (1) intergranular porosity and rarely as (2) intragranular porosity, (3) vuggy porosity, and (4) fracture porosity. The grain elongation ‘E’ for the present samples has been measured using the DIA technique; it varies from 1.34 to 1.73. Porosity ‘? He’ varies between 25.8 and 34.7 %, gas permeability ‘k’ varies from 0.14 to 6.92 μm2 (very good to excellent rank), and the mean pore diameter ‘D’ varies between 3.9 and 25.7 μm (macro to mega pores). The study stated the applicability of the present equation and introduced a number of equations that could be used to calculate porosity, permeability, and pore radius in terms of grain elongation. The applicability of the present study has some limitations due to (1) cementation, (2) microporosity, and (3) fracturing. The effect of cementation can be minimized by processing the grains and the surrounding cement statistically as a bulk ellipsoid unit, whereas the micropores/fractures can be measured by helium injection.  相似文献   

14.
大丘构造S组储层孔隙结构特征及储层评价   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
本文根据在大丘构造上所钻２口井的岩芯压汞资料,研究了该构造储层的孔隙度、渗透率等物性参数和排驱压力、主要流动喉道半径平均值、喉道偏离系数、喉道结构系数等表征孔喉微观结构的特征参数,并利用这些参数对储层进行了分类评价,对确定大丘构造上的生产层位,进行开发具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

15.
This work investigated the pore structure characteristics and reservoir features of the finegrained tight reservoirs in the lower member of the Xinhe Formation(J_2 x_1) in the Xiaohu subsag,Yabulai Basin based on core samples through various techniques. Interbedded silt/fine sandstones and mudstones are developed in the study area. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were used to delineate different types of pores, including primary intergranular pores, secondary intergranular and intragranular pores, organic pores and fractures. The pore types were distinguished by pore size, pore area, location and formation process. The pore radii of the fine-grained rocks range from 1 nm to 1.55μm, mainly concentrated between 5 and 300 nm by low pressure N_2 adsorption and MICP analyses. The pore structure parameters of pore throat size and pore throat sorting coefficient are both positively correlated with porosity, while pore throat sorting coefficient has a negative correlation with permeability. The pore structures of the studied samples are much related to the mineral type and content and grain size, followed by TOC content. In these rocks with relatively low TOC and low maturity, the rigid minerals protect pores with pressure shadow from collapse, and dissolution-related pores contribute a lot to inorganic porosity. In contrast, these rocks with abundant TOC contain a large number of organic pores. The permeability of the fine-grained tight reservoir is mainly dominated by larger pore throats, while a large number of small pores(mostly 0.1 μm) contribute considerably to porosity. These results have deepened our understanding of the interbedded fine-grained tight reservoirs and can be applicable to fine-grained reservoirs in a similar setting.  相似文献   

16.
伊拉克哈法亚油田Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构类型的差异性及对其控制因素的认识是制约该类储层分类评价的一个关键问题。综合利用岩芯、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、常规物性、压汞分析等手段及统计分析方法对储层的主要孔隙类型、喉道类型、喉道分布特征进行了研究,确定了孔隙结构划分依据和方案,并划分出了中低孔超低渗细喉型、中低孔低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗中细喉型、高孔中低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗中喉型六种孔隙结构类型,并通过毛管压力曲线的形态划分出了Ⅰ-Ⅴ五类线型;研究区主要发育开阔台地相,并划分出8种储集岩类型,分别是泥晶灰岩、生屑粒泥灰岩、生屑泥粒灰岩、砂屑生屑泥粒灰岩、生屑颗粒灰岩、砂屑生屑颗粒灰岩、介壳类漂浮岩和岩溶建造岩,其中岩溶建造岩储层具有较特殊的网络状孔隙结构。因此,可以认为哈法亚Mishrif组储层主要受早成岩期岩溶作用影响,其早成岩期溶蚀具有明显的相控特征,是孔隙结构差异性的主要控制因素,极大的改善了该套储层的物性。  相似文献   

17.
The present study has been carried out for core and log based petrophysical evaluation of subsurface reservoir sandstones considering at least one well from each of the Kailas Tila, Titas, Bakhrabad and Shahbazpur gas fields of Bangladesh. Core analysis results show that average core porosity, permeability and pore throat values are 20%, 209 mD and 44020 Å, respectively. These measured values support that the sandstone reservoirs are categorized as good quality reservoirs. Core porosity values usually exceed thin section porosity. Different cross-plots indicate that permeability is largely dependent on porosity. Permeability and porosity are also dependent on textural parameters that include size, shape, sorting and matrix of the reservoir sandstones. It reveals from both thin section study and different cross plots that diagenetic cements are the main controlling factors of the reservoirs. Quantitative determination of the volume of cements shows that cements have inverse correlation with porosity and permeability. Log based petrophysical parameters include shale volume, porosity, water and hydrocarbon saturation, permeability, moveability index and bulk volume of water. The average values of the mentioned parameters are 20%, 22%, 26%, 74%, 110 mD, 0.28 and 0.05, respectively. The most important parameters are porosity and permeability, which indicate that log porosity exceeds core porosity and log permeability significantly lags behind core permeability. The study also reveals that 23 gas zones covering total thickness of 385 m sandstones mostly posses good quality reservoirs except few moderate quality reservoirs.  相似文献   

18.
孔隙网络控制着土体渗流、排水固结与基质吸力等重要工程性质。本文介绍了多孔介质孔隙网络最大球建模基本原理与算法。以显微CT扫描振捣干法生成的南京粉砂试样为例,采用最大球算法建立了试样三维重构模型表征单元体(REV)的空间孔隙网络球棍模型,计算得到了样品REV尺度的孔隙网络参数,统计发现,孔隙半径、喉道半径、孔隙配位数、孔隙截面形状因子、喉道截面形状因子与喉道长度等孔隙参数均近似服从正态分布,孔隙体积近似服从衰减型指数分布。孔隙与喉道半径分别分布在100μm与65μm以内,两者数学期望分别为40. 0μm与18. 0μm;配位数分布在25以内,数学期望为5. 1;孔隙与喉道截面形状因子分别分布在0. 01~0. 04与0. 01~0. 05的区间内,两者数学期望分别为0. 019与0. 033;喉道长度分布在100~800μm以内,数学期望为292. 22μm。同时发现,样品中体积小于1. 5×10^7μm^3的小孔隙数量超过90%。本方法可应用于土体细观孔隙结构的定量表征。  相似文献   

19.
开展了湿干循环作用下压实黏土的开裂试验和微观结构特性研究,分析了湿干循环作用对黏土开裂和孔隙结构的影响,将压汞试验(MIP)和扫描电镜(SEM)的结果与宏观开裂进行比较。结果表明:湿干循环作用显著影响了压实黏土的开裂,用开裂因子表征黏土的开裂程度,开裂因子随含水率减小而增大并明显大于湿干循环作用前; 随湿干循环次数的增加,黏土孔隙的总体积、中间孔径、平均孔径、平均孔隙率和团粒内孔隙均在增加,而黏土的颗粒内孔隙、颗粒间孔隙和团粒间孔隙却在减小。湿干循环作用使黏土体从大团粒逐渐转化为小颗粒,并增大了土颗粒的凸凹性,分析SEM二值化图像得知土体孔隙率均在增加; 用压汞法和扫描电镜法分析和解释土体开裂是可行的,所得的微观孔隙特征与宏观开裂规律基本相符。  相似文献   

20.
为研究储层微观孔隙结构和建立微观渗流模型,本文通过对东营凹陷沙三中亚段H152井区的典型低渗透储层岩样进行CT（computed tomography）扫描及图像处理,建立了微观尺度的数字岩心模型;继而经过对该模型进行分析和计算,提取了储层孔喉网络模型,在三维空间上直观、清晰地显示了不同尺度的孔隙及喉道的形态、大小和分布;最后通过对孔隙结构特征、孔隙度、渗透率和压降等动静态参数的分析和计算,建立了储层岩样的微观渗流模型。根据算法对比和参数分析结果认为：与传统中值滤波相比,非局部均值滤波算法可在相似性比较的基础上进行滤波处理,从而提高模型的准确性;基于CT的数字岩心建模可为地质研究提供可靠的数字模型;根据近似等压面假设的微观渗流数值模拟分析了流体渗流特征,为揭示低渗透储层流体渗流规律提供了一种新的途径。  相似文献   

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