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1.
分析ＲＸＴＥ卫星ＰＣＡ探测器对ＣｙｇＸ－１的观测数据,得到了其处于高态及高低高转换时的Ｘ射线短时标爆发（Ｓｈｏｔ）结构。在所观测到的三种态中是不对称的,并且不同的状态中Ｓｈｏｔ的结构有明显差异。Ｓｈｏｔ前后沿可分别由双指数函数近似拟合。Ｓｈｏｔ中的快时变过程是由慢的上升前沿和快的下降后沿构成。在所观测态中Ｓｈｏｔ平均宽度约为０．１１秒（ＦＷＨＭ）,比低态时的宽度窄。同一状态中高能段的Ｓｈｏｔ宽度较 相似文献
2.
利用线性状态空间模型（Ｌｉｎｅａｒ Ｓｔａｔｅ Ｓｐａｃｅ Ｍｏｄｅｌ－ＬＳＳＭ）,将 Ｃｙｇ Ｘ－１的功率谱分解为ＬＳＳＭ产生的模型功率谱和剩余功率谱两部分．集中分析剩余功率谱,结果显示, Ｃｙｇ Ｘ－１在低／硬态、转换态和高／软态三种状态的剩余功率谱有着不同的结构特征．其中高／软态和低／硬态的剩余功率谱存在一个宽峰结构,中心频率分别为～ ８ Ｈｚ和～ ５ Ｈｚ,低／硬态的剩余功率诺在～ ０．０７ Ｈｚ达到极大;转换态的剩余功率谱有双峰结构,其中心频率分别在～０．５—４Ｈｚ和～５—１１Ｈｚ,与我们以前分析的 ＱＰＯ的中心频率很接近,说明 ＱＰＯ与线性状态空间所要求的自回归模型可能属于不同的物理过程．与总功率谱比较,剩余功率谱对谱的变化部分（例如ＱＰＯ、截断频率等）更为敏感,本文对剩余功率谱中谱峰变化的原因做了初步的探讨． 相似文献
3.
利用线性状态空间模型（Ｌｉｎｅａｒ Ｓｔａｔｅ Ｓｐａｃｅ Ｍｏｄｉｌ－ＬＳＳＭ）,将ＣｙｇＸ－１的功率谱分解为ＬＳＳＭ产生的模型功率谱和剩余功率谱两部分。集中分析剩余功率谱,结果显示,ＣｙｇＸ－１在低／硬 态、转换态和高／软态三种状态的剩余功率谱有着不同的结构特征。其中高／软态和低／硬 态的剩余功率谱存在一个宽峰结构,中心频率分别为～８Ｈz和～５Ｈz,低／硬 态的剩余功率谱在～０．０７Ｈz达到极大 相似文献
4.
日面高纬黑子与太阳活动 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用云南天文台太阳黑子观测资料,对太阳活动第１９ 周至第２２ 周日面高纬度（ 高于４０°） 的黑子群进行了统计．结果表明：高纬黑子面积绝大部分小于１００ ,平均５６ ,寿命大部分为１ ～３ 天,平均４ 天;黑子分类绝大部分为ＡＸＸ、ＨＳＸ、ＢＸＯ,其中ＡＸＸ 约占总数的一半．高纬黑子在日面南北半球上的不对称分布可用来预报该太阳周内的太阳活动在南北半球上的主次．由此预报２３ 周太阳活动将在南半球更活跃 相似文献
5.
脉冲星PSR B0329＋54的多波段观测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
给出１９９９年３月１２日至６月８日,使用国家天文观测中心乌鲁木齐南山站２５ｍ射电望远镜在０．３２７ＧＨｚ,１．５ＧＨｚ,２．３ＧＨｚ,４．８ＧＨｚ和８．４ＧＨｚ频段,对脉冲星ＰＳＲＢ０３２９＋５４进行的多波段观测结果,ＰＳＲＢ０３２９＋５４的辐射呈幂律谱,并出现频谱转折现象,低频段谱指数为１．５９,高频段为２．４５,平均谱指数为１．７２五个频段上的平均脉冲轮廓的角宽度和二个民分峰值间的角宽度都随频 相似文献
6.
赵永恒 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1997,(4)
本文给出了ＲＯＳＡＴＰＳＰＣ对ＮＧＣ５５４８定点观测的分析结果．在ＲＯＳＡＴ观测期间，ＮＧＣ５５４８的计数率显示出大振幅的变化，变化高达１４倍．硬度比与计数率呈负相关，这是由于ＮＧＣ５５４８的软Ｘ射线辐射除幂律分量外还有一个“软超”分量，分别用黑体辐射和热韧致辐射来拟合这个“软超”辐射，得出“软超”的热温度分别为：黑体辐射模型是０．０８ｋｅＶ，热韧致辐射模型是０．２３ｋｅＶ． 相似文献
7.
统计分析了太阳质子事件与微波爆发和软Ｘ射线（ＳＸＲ）耀斑间的关系．结果表明：质子事件的峰值流量与微波爆发和ＳＸＲ耀斑的峰值流量、能通量间呈正的对数线性相关,相关系数０．７—０．８．根据这一统计结果和观测的微波爆发、ＳＸＲ耀斑的有关物理量,可以估算伴随的质子事件峰值流量．太阳质子辐射、ＳＸＲ耀斑和微波爆发三者间的共生关系,可以用磁环中耀斑产生的磁流体动力学过程来解释．大约３３％的质子事件没有对应的Ⅱ型爆发,这表明高能质子的加速有随机ＭＨＤ湍流加速（有Ⅱ型暴）和低频快磁声波湍动加速（无Ⅱ型暴,但有γ射线耀斑）２种不同的加速机制 相似文献
8.
在中央中子星吸积模型较好地解释了超新星ＳＮ１９８７Ａ晚期光度演化的基础上,本文提出了ＳＮ１９８７Ａ晚期Ｘ射线辐射的一种新的解释．利用模型计算出的吸积光度以及ＳＮ１９８７Ａ膨胀气体包层的化学组分及分布,计算了出射的软Ｘ射线（０．５２ｋｅＶ）光度的演化,并与观测作了比较．我们认为ＳＮ１９８７Ａ晚期由中央中子星吸积产生的软Ｘ射线光度经过一段时间的增长后,将在４１００天左右开始下降． 相似文献
9.
苏晠 《紫金山天文台台刊》1999,(4)
一个在ＰＳＰＣ 定位精度内与Ｍ８１ 球状星团Ｇ３５ 的光学位置相重合的Ｘ 射线源从４ 个曝光时间大于１１ ,０００ 秒的ＲＯＳＡＴＰＳＰＣ 定点观测中探测到,在改正了ＰＳＰＣ 指向中心的系统偏差后,它与Ｇ３５ 的光学位置相差～１０″．７ ,大大低于～３０″的ＰＳＰＣ 空间分辨率。对这个Ｘ射线源所作的ＲＯＳＡＴ 观测分析表明,它的ＰＳＰＣ 形态和Ｘ 射线辐射性质符合Ｍ８１ 球状星团亮源应有的特征。 相似文献
10.
在１９９１—１９９３年期间,Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎγ射线天文台（ＣＧＲＯ）在射电源ＰＫＳ０５２８＋１３４中观测到两次很强的射线爆发,都伴随有毫米波射电大爆发．本文详细分析了高能γ－Ｘ射线波段和红外－光学波段的辐射能量分布（ＳＥＤ）．结果表明,高能γ射线辐射可能主要是由喷流相对论电子对周围ＵＶ－软Ｘ射线光子的逆康普顿散射所产生的．同时,通过毫米波射电大爆发的频谱演化特性与γ射线源的同步辐射频谱特性的比较,对γ辐射等离子团和射电等离子团之间可能的演化联系作了讨论． 相似文献
11.
CygX-1高能辐射的时变特征可以通过短暴(shot)的性质反映．因此CygX-1的短暴性质，特别是处于低态时的性质曾被广泛研究,利用直接叠加短暴和自相关函数，对CygX-1高态时短暴的性质进行了研究．结果表明，当CygX-1处于高态时，其短暴的结构类似于低态时所具有的性质，短暴的半高宽随能量的增加按指数下降．此结果和康普顿化模型不一致．另外，短暴的能谱演化及结构的非对称性可以解释CygX-1中的时延现象． 相似文献
12.
Short timescale bursts or “shots” of Cyg X-1 in one ms time bins were obtained from PCA/RXTE observation. By superposing many shots lined up at the peak, a mean profile was obtained, and this was done seperately for the different states, high, transitional and low. The mean shot profile is different for the different states. The duration of shot is shorter in the high than in the transitional state. In both, the duration is about 0.11 s, which is shorter than in the low state. The profile is more asymmetrical in high than in low energy bands. In the transitional state, the average hardness during shots is lower than that of the steady component. The mechanism of shot generation is discussed. 相似文献
13.
《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2005,29(2):131-135
Temporal variations in the high-energy radiation of Cyg X-1 can be represented by the properties of its X-ray short bursts (shots). The properties of the X-ray shots of Cyg X-1 have been studied extensively, especially for the Cyg X-1 in its typical low/hard state. In this paper, we study the shot properties when Cyg X-1 is in its high/soft state, using direct superposition of shots and the autocorrelation function. Our result shows that when Cyg X-1 is in the high state, the shot structure is qualitatively similar to that of the low state, and that the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the shot decreases with increasing energy, which is inconsistent with the prediction of the Comptonization model. In addition, the evolution of the shot energy spectrum and the asymmetry of the shot structure can explain the observed time lag in Cyg X-1. 相似文献
14.
Paul Gorenstein 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1976,42(1):189-192
The hydrogen column density along the line of sight to Cyg X-1 is 7×1021 cm–2 as determined from the extinction of its optical counterpart HD 226 868. This value may be used to interpret soft X-ray measurements, including those previously reported, where it is not possible to determine the column density independently from the intrinsic spectral function. The correction for interstellar absorption is larger than previously thought. Application to an old observation suggests that an intense soft X-ray component was present in Cyg X-1, even though the data at 1 keV suggests that it was probably in a low state. This is consistent with the picture of Cyg X-1 suggested by Price and Thorne, in which transitions in Cyg X-1 are attributed to changes in the high energy cut-off of an intense soft component.Paper presented at the COSPAR Symposium on Fast Transients in X-and Gamma-Rays, held at Varna, Bulgaria, 29–31 May, 1975. 相似文献
15.
R. K. Manchanda 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1989,161(1):85-98
We suggest that the variable pulse profile of GX 1+4 in the low-energy X-ray region results from the superposition of polar and disk components. The anomalous appearance during the spin-down episode can then be explained, if we consider a transition from thin to thick accretion disk configuration which can develop at midly super-Eddington luminosity levels of the source. a close examination of the data suggests that the intrinsic period of the pulsar is 4 min. A switching disk geometry can provide a natural explanation to pulse profile variations in more luminous accreting binary pulsars and also account for the transition between high and low spectral states seen in the case of the Cyg X-1 and low-mass X-ray binary systems. 相似文献
16.
Anna Szostek rzej A. Zdziarski Michael L. McCollough 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,388(3):1001-1010
We present a detailed classification of the X-ray states of Cyg X-3 based on the spectral shape and a new classification of the radio states based on the long-term correlated behaviour of the radio and soft X-ray light curves. We find a sequence of correlations, starting with a positive correlation between the radio and soft X-ray fluxes in the hard spectral state, changing to a negative one at the transition to soft spectral states. The temporal evolution can be in either direction on that sequence, unless the source goes into a very weak radio state, from which it can return only following a major radio flare. The flare decline is via relatively bright radio states, which results in a hysteresis loop on the flux–flux diagram. We also study the hard X-ray light curve, and find its overall anticorrelation with the soft X-rays. During major radio flares, the radio flux responds exponentially to the level of a hard X-ray high-energy tail. We also specify the detailed correspondence between the radio states and the X-ray spectral states. We compare our results to those of black hole and neutron star binaries. Except for the effect of strong absorption and the energy of the high-energy break in the hard state, the X-ray spectral states of Cyg X-3 closely correspond to the canonical X-ray states of black hole binaries. Also, the radio/X-ray correlation closely corresponds to that found in black hole binaries, but it significantly differs from that in neutron star binaries. Overall, our results strongly support the presence of a black hole in Cyg X-3. 相似文献
17.
The origin of the 34.1-day periodicity in X-ray and -ray from Cyg X-3 has not been made clear so far. In this paper, we propose a free precession model for an elastic neutron star. This model explains the 34.1-day periodicity and predicts the unobserved spin period for Cyg X-3 to be about 100 ms. Taking into account the possibility that the secular spin angular velocity of the star is different from that observed presently, the analogous long-terms periodicities of Her X-1 and Cen X-3 are also accounted for in this theory. 相似文献
18.
L. Hjalmarsdotter A. A. Zdziarski S. Larsson V. Beckmann M. McCollough D. C. Hannikainen O. Vilhu 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,384(1):278-290
The X-ray binary Cygnus X-3 (Cyg X-3) is a highly variable X-ray source that displays a wide range of observed spectral states. One of the main states is significantly harder than the others, peaking at ∼20 keV, with only a weak low-energy component. Due to the enigmatic nature of this object, hidden inside the strong stellar wind of its Wolf–Rayet companion, it has remained unclear whether this state represents an intrinsic hard state, with truncation of the inner disc, or whether it is just a result of increased local absorption. We study the X-ray light curves from RXTE /ASM and CGRO /BATSE in terms of distributions and correlations of flux and hardness and find several signs of a bimodal behaviour of the accretion flow that are not likely to be the result of increased absorption in a surrounding medium. Using INTEGRAL observations, we model the broad-band spectrum of Cyg X-3 in its apparent hard state. We find that it can be well described by a model of a hard state with a truncated disc, despite the low cut-off energy, provided the accreted power is supplied to the electrons in the inner flow in the form of acceleration rather than thermal heating, resulting in a hybrid electron distribution and a spectrum with a significant contribution from non-thermal Comptonization, usually observed only in soft states. The high luminosity of this non-thermal hard state implies that either the transition takes place at significantly higher L / L E than in the usual advection models, or the mass of the compact object is ≳20 M⊙ , possibly making it the most-massive black hole observed in an X-ray binary in our Galaxy so far. We find that an absorption model as well as a model of almost pure Compton reflection also fit the data well, but both have difficulties explaining other results, in particular the radio/X-ray correlation. 相似文献
19.
Cyg X-3 is actively studied in the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum from the radio band to ultrahigh energies. Based on the detection of ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray emission, it has been suggested that Cyg X-3 could be one of the most powerful sources of charged cosmic-ray particles in the Galaxy. We present the results of long-term observations of the Cygnus Х-3 region at energies 800 GeV–100 TeV by the SHALON mirror Cherenkov telescope. In 1995 the SHALON observations revealed a new Galactic source of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident in its coordinates with the microquasar Cyg X-3. To reliably identify the detected source with Cyg X-3, an analysis has been performed and an orbital period of 4.8 h has been found, which is a signature of Cyg X-3. A series of flares in Cyg X-3 at energies >800 GeV and their correlation with the activity in the X-ray and radio bands have been observed. The results obtained in a wide energy range for Cyg X-3, including those during the periods of relativistic jet events, are needed to find the connection and to understand the different components of an accreting binary system. 相似文献
20.
L. Hjalmarsdotter A. A. Zdziarski A. Szostek D. C. Hannikainen 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(1):251-263
We model the broad-band X-ray spectrum of Cyg X-3 in all states displayed by this source as observed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer . From our models, we derive for the first time unabsorbed spectral shapes and luminosities for the full range of spectral states. We interpret the unabsorbed spectra in terms of Comptonization by a hybrid electron distribution and strong Compton reflection. We study the spectral evolution and compare with other black hole as well as neutron star sources. We show that a neutron star accretor is not consistent with the spectral evolution as a function of L E and especially not with the transition to a hard state. Our results point to the compact object in Cyg X-3 being a massive, ∼30 M⊙ black hole. 相似文献