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1.
杨柳坪铜-镍-铂族元素矿床的矿化类型及意义 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
铜镍硫化物及铂族元素矿床一般属于岩浆结晶分异成因,很少有热液交代成因产出。Hulbert指出,世界范围内热液型矿床对于铂族元素的贡献甚微。在我国开采的铜镍硫化物矿床中也很少有独立的热液交代型矿体,只在一些矽卡岩型矿床(主要是铜矿)中伴生有Ni和PGE。但在四川杨柳坪矿区,新近发现的独立的、完全由热液形成的铜-镍-铂族元素矿体提供了新的热液成矿实例,该矿体赋存在基性超基性岩体之外的灰岩-片岩中,与基性-超基性岩没有直接关系,矿石品位很高。 相似文献
2.
试论与布什维尔德杂岩体有关的铂族元素-铬铁矿矿床成矿系列及其对中国西南部的意义 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
布什维尔德杂岩体中铂族元素成矿作用具有多样性的特点,既有主岩体岩浆结晶分异形成的UG2和Merensky层,有晚期小岩体结晶分异产生的块状铜镍硫化物矿石中伴生的铂族元素矿床（如Nkomati）,也有岩体侵入过程中产于接触带的热液成因硫化物-铂族元素矿床（如Potgietersrust）,以及岩筒型矿床（如Mooihoek和Driekop）、剪切带热液型硫化物矿床（如TweefonteinHill）和石英脉型铂族元素矿床.这些矿床虽然产出部位不同（矿体可以分布在岩体内部也可以出现在接触带甚至远离岩体）,矿石类型也不同（有的是铬铁矿型,有的是硫化物型,有的是硅酸盐型,甚至还有石英脉型）,但铂族元素的富集都与布什维尔德基性超基性岩杂岩体密切有关,实际上构成一个完整的由布什维尔德地幔柱形成的矿床成矿系列。类似的矿床成矿系列在深受峨眉地幔柱影响的我国西南部地区也存在,这对于在我国寻找多种类型的铂族元素矿床无疑具有重要的启示意义.除了金宝山和杨柳坪等地的岩浆型铂矿外,近年来在杨柳坪、大岩子等地也先后发现了热液型铂族元素矿床. 相似文献
3.
金宝山铂族元素矿床铂族元素的热液活动研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
金宝山铂族元素矿床是典型的岩浆型矿床，但矿体中广泛发育热液脉状矿石，脉体有较高的铂族元素含量，特别是硫化物细脉为铂族元素的重要载体，反映铂族元素的热液活动。根据岩体主要蚀变类型，区分出岩浆晚期高温流体活动阶段、岩浆期后蛇纹石化阶段和低温碳酸盐化阶段。各阶段热液性质、流体来源及铂族元素热液活动性分析表明，蛇蚊石化阶段铂族元素热液活动最强烈，主要表现为就地改造；热液活动未造成矿体形态、产状的根本变化。 相似文献
4.
5.
中国铂族元素矿床类型和地质特征 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
根据成矿地质环境、容矿岩石类型、元素共生组合、矿床地质特征和成矿作用性质，将我国的铂族元素矿床划分为岩浆型、热液弄才外生型三大类型和九个亚类，而赋存于基性超基性岩体中的铜镍型铂族元素矿床是我国最重要的铂族元素矿床。 相似文献
6.
峨眉山玄武岩分布区内铂族元素异常分析及其找矿远景预测 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
区域地球化学填图成果表明，在中国西南川-滇-黔交界地区存在一个与产出规模巨大的峨眉山玄武岩分布范围相吻合的Pt，Pd地球化学巨省。作为地幔热柱成因的峨眉山玄武岩的铂族元素丰度虽略有偏高，但玄武岩中铂族元素很难形成可以利用的铂族矿物，故该异常是“非找矿异常”。在该区内寻找铂族元素矿床应在基性岩-超基性岩体出露较多的中岩区南段，注意沿循已知的矿床、矿化或较小型基性岩侵入体，将矿区(或岩体)的整体地质特征、地球化学特征等与典型的岩浆型铂族元素矿床相比较，进而研究、预测本矿区或本岩体的铂族元素成矿的可能性及远景规模等，寻找岩浆型铂族元素矿床，而在岩浆型矿床的周边地质体内注意寻找热液型铂族元素矿床。 相似文献
7.
贵州寻找铂族元素矿床的思考 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
贵州省具有形成铂族元素矿床的地质条件，也存在铂族元素矿化的地质与地球化学信息，可能存在的矿床类型包括热液型、煤岩型、黑色页岩型等多种，可能发现矿床的地区除了在西部峨眉山玄武岩分布区之外，峨眉山玄武岩分布区外围的卡林型金矿和Hg、As、Sb等浅成低温热液型矿床分布区也值得重视。在找矿过程中，要充分研究哪些异常是由玄武岩引起的，哪些可能是由矿引起的。在采样时，由于铂族元素分布的极端不均性，天然重砂和人工重砂的配合是必要的。 相似文献
8.
9.
云南铂族元素找矿基础问题 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
云南省铂族元素矿床成矿地质条件较好，已有不少已知矿床、矿点、找矿信息及地球化学异常。找矿重点以基性超基性岩型为主，也应考虑其它类型，如热液型、黑色页岩型、煤岩型等。找矿重点地区除在峨眉山玄武岩分布区及其周边外，应注意康滇地轴中部及边缘中新生代断裂带通过的地区。峨眉山玄武岩分布区外围的卡林型金矿和浅成低温热液型矿床分布区亦值得重视，如滇东南地区。此外，寒武系黑色岩系及含磷层位的含铂性是一个具有挑战性的新课题，值得加强研究。云南铂族元素矿床的成矿时代，可能从元古代到新生代均有，对云南找铂来说非常有利，其它省区无法与之相比。新生代构造可能将深埋的矿体错动到浅部，找矿中需要特别注意。不妨“沿河找矿”。第四纪的风化壳中是否有铂族元素的富集也可探索。 相似文献
10.
高碳黑色页岩型铂族元素矿床性探讨 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
简析了高碳黑色页岩型铂族元素矿床（PGED）的研究现状，并根据矿床的特征初步将该类矿床划分为中层状黑色页岩，薄层状黑色页岩和高碳构造岩型3类；并从形成环境，成因等方面对PGED形成进行了剖析，强调了源区供给，有机迁移和热液叠加作用的差异是导臻形成不同类型黑色含碳页岩型铂族元素矿床的根源，指出了我国贵州－湖南高碳黑色页岩型铂族元素成矿性较差与层薄和叠加温度低有关。 相似文献
11.
四川杨柳坪Cu—Ni—PGE富矿体的成因及意义 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
Cu-Ni-PGE矿床绝大多数赋存在基性超基性岩岩体内部,在成因上主要与岩浆结晶分异熔离作用有关,岩浆期后或者独立的热液对于矿床的形成往往起叠加富集的作用。但在四川杨柳坪矿区,除了一般岩浆结晶分异熔离作用形成的Cu-Ni-PGE矿体之外,新近还发现存在独立的完全由热液形成的Cu-Ni-PGE矿体,矿体赋存在基性超基性岩体之外的大理岩片岩中,与基性超基性岩没有直接的关系,矿石品位很高,而且已经成为首要的开采对象。考虑到这样的富矿体在国外文献中鲜有报道,本文介绍其地质概况及初步的研究结果。 相似文献
12.
The Ni–Cu–PGE sulfide deposits in the Yangliuping area, SW China, are hosted in mafic–ultramafic sills. The four mineralized sills are located in the Yangliuping tectonic dome and intrude Devonian carbonaceous marble, graphitic schist. The sills are 200–300 m thick and 1,000–2,000 m in strike length and now consist chiefly of serpentinite, talc schist, tremolite schist, and meta-gabbro. Disseminated Ni–Cu sulfide mineralisation occurs in the serpentinite in the lower parts of the sills. Massive sulfide mineralisation is located in the base of the sills and in the footwall along fractures beneath the mineralized serpentinite. Although the sulfide ores have been modified by hydrothermal activity, there are relict cumulate textures in the disseminated sulfides indicating a magmatic origin for the ores. The Yangliuping Intrusions and the Dashibao Formation have similar primitive-mantle normalized trace element and platinum group element (PGE) patterns, indicating that they are derived from a common parental magma type. The positive correlation between Cu concentrations and Cu/Zr ratios of the Dashibao Formation basalts indicates that the chalcophile elements were removed before eruption. We propose that fractional crystallization of the Yangliuping magma accompanied by the introduction of S and CO2 from the wall rocks caused the magma to become S-saturated leading to the segregation of magmatic sulfides that became enriched in Ni–Cu–(PGE). The sills acted as conduits for the overlying Dashibao Formation basalts with the sulfide liquid, along with early crystallizing olivine and pyroxene, segregating from the magma as it passed through the conduits prior to eruption.Editorial handling: H.E. Frimmel 相似文献
13.
在杨柳坪Cu-Ni-PGE矿田进行的1:20万水系沉积物测量表明,该矿床区域地球化学异常的指示元素有:Pt、Pd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Ag、Cd、Sb、Pb和Zn,异常具有空间分带特征,即:从矿床向外的异常元素依次为Pd、Pt-Cr、Ni-Co、Cu-Cd、Ag-Zn-Pb、Sb.因此在筛选1:20万区域化探异常时,不但要考虑成矿元素的异常强度和规模,而且还要考虑其它指示元素的异常强度和规模.同时也说明1:20万水系沉积物测量可作为铂矿区域普查的有效方法. 相似文献
14.
The Qingkuangshan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, located in the Xiaoguanhe region of Huili County, Sichuan Province, is one of several Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (ELIP). The ore-bearing intrusion is a mafic-ultramafic body. This paper reports major elements, trace elements and platinum-group elements in different types of rocks and sulfide-mineralized samples in the intrusion. These data are used to evaluate the source mantle characteristics, the degree of mantle partial melting, the composition of parental magma and the ore-forming processes. The results show that Qingkuangshan intrusion is part of the ELIP. The rocks have trace element ratios similar to the coeval Emeishan basalts. The primitive mantle-normalized patterns of Ni-Cu-PGE have positive slopes, and the ratios of Pd/Ir are lower than 22. The PGE compositions of sulfide ores and associated rocks are characterized by Ru depletion. The PGE contents in bulk sulfides are slightly depleted relative to Ni and Cu, which is similar to the Yangliuping Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. The composition of the parental magma for the intrusion is estimated to contain about 14.65 wt% MgO, 48.66 wt% SiO2 and 15.48 wt% FeOt, and the degree of mantle partial melting is estimated to be about 20%. In comparison with other typical Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in the ELIP, the Qingkuangshan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit has lower PGE contents than the Jinbaoshan PGE deposit, but has higher PGE contents than the Limahe and Baimazhai Ni-Cu deposit, and has similar PGE contents to the Yangliuping Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. The moderate PGE depletions in the bulk sulfide of the Qingkuanghan deposit suggest that the parental magma of the host intrusion may have undergone minor sulfide segregation at depth. The mixing calculations suggests that an average of 10% crustal contamination in the magma, which may have been the main cause of sulfide saturation in the magma. We propose that sulfide segregation from a moderately PGE depleted magma took place prior to magma emplacement at Qingkuangshan, that small amounts of immiscible sulfide droplets and olivine and chromite crystals were suspended in the ascending magma, and that the suspended materials settled down when the magma passed trough the Qingkuangshan conduit. The Qingkuangshan sulfide-bearing intrusion is interpreted to a feeder of Emeishan flood basalts in the region. 相似文献
15.
A. G. Mironov S. M. Zhmodik G. M. Kolesov V. N. Mit’kin B. B. Damdinov S. B. Zayakina 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2008,50(1):41-59
The concentration levels and distribution features of the platinum group elements (PGE) in quartz-sulfide and base-metal ores in deposits of the Sayan-Baikal Fold Region (SBFR) are discussed. Microfire assay neutron activation analysis (MF-NAA), which enables one to work on a nondestructive basis and allows one to avoid inaccuracies related to chemical sample preparation, was used as the main analytical technique. Three types of hydrothermal mineralization with elevated grades of PGE (especially Pt, Pd, and Ru) have been identified: (1) pyrite-pyrrhotite (massive sulfide) mineralization hosted in black shales of the Il’chir Sequence; (2) gold-sulfide ores of the Zun-Kholba, Tainsky, Kamenny, and some other gold deposits; and (3) silver-basemetal ores of the Dzhida-Vitim Zone. The PGE contents significantly vary, from global average values to tens of grams per ton. An absence of PGE minerals implies that these elements are finely dispersed in sulfide minerals and native gold. Taking into account difficulties in conversion of PGE into analytical forms, their nonuniform distribution in sulfide minerals, their high affinity to coordination compounds, and experimental results, cluster species of Pt and Pd in major minerals are suggested for the gold-sulfide and silver-base-metal ores in deposits, which are related to suprasubduction ophiolites and island-arc and intraplate settings in the SBFR. 相似文献
16.
Sarah A. S. Dare Sarah-Jane Barnes Hazel M. Prichard Peter C. Fisher 《Mineralium Deposita》2011,46(4):381-407
Magmatic sulfide deposits consist of pyrrhotite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite (± pyrite), and platinum-group minerals (PGM).
Understanding the distribution of the chalcophile and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations among the base metal sulfide
phases and PGM is important both for the petrogenetic models of the ores and for the efficient extraction of the PGE. Typically,
pyrrhotite and pentlandite host much of the PGE, except Pt which forms Pt minerals. Chalcopyrite does not host PGE and the
role of pyrite has not been closely investigated. The Ni–Cu–PGE ores from the South Range of Sudbury are unusual in that sulfarsenide
PGM, rather than pyrrhotite and pentlandite, are the main carrier of PGE, probably as the result of arsenic contribution to
the sulfide liquid by the As-bearing metasedimentary footwall rocks. In comparison, the North Range deposits of Sudbury, such
as the McCreedy East deposit, have As-poor granites in the footwall, and the ores commonly contain pyrite. Our results show
that in the pyrrhotite-rich ores of the McCreedy East deposit Os, Ir, Ru, Rh (IPGE), and Re are concentrated in pyrrhotite,
pentlandite, and surprisingly in pyrite. This indicates that sulfarsenides, which are not present in the ores, were not important
in concentrating PGE in the North Range of Sudbury. Palladium is present in pentlandite and, together with Pt, form PGM such
as (PtPd)(TeBi)2. Platinum is also found in pyrite. Two generations of pyrite are present. One pyrite is primary and locally exsolved from
monosulfide solid solution (MSS) in small amounts (<2 wt.%) together with pyrrhotite and pentlandite. This pyrite is unexpectedly
enriched in IPGE, As (± Pt) and the concentrations of these elements are oscillatory zoned. The other pyrite is secondary
and formed by alteration of the MSS cumulates by late magmatic/hydrothermal fluids. This pyrite is unzoned and has inherited
the low concentrations of IPGE and Re from the pyrrhotite and pentlandite that it has replaced. 相似文献
17.
WANG Ruiting MAO Jingwen HE Ying WANG Dongsheng TANG Zhongli 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2005,29(2):152-163
The platinum-group element geochemistry of rocks and ores from Jinchuan super-large copper-nickel sulfide deposit is systemically studied in this paper. The Cu/Pd mean ratio of Jinchuan intrusion is lower than that of original mantle magma, which indicates that these ultrabasic rocks were crystallized from magma that lost Pd in the form of melting segregation of sulfides. The PGE of the rocks show trend of partial melting, similar to that of mantle peridotite, which shows that magma formation occurs during rock-forming and ore-forming processes. The chondrite normalized PGE patterns of the rocks and ores are well related to each other, which signifies the signatures of multi-episode magmatic intrusion, melting and differentiation in the formation processes of rocks and ores. In addition, analyses about the relation between PGE and S, and study on Re-Os isotopes indicate that few contamination of the crustal substances occurred during the magmatic intrusion and the formation of deposit. However, contamination by crustal substances helps to supply part of the S for the enrichment of PGE. Meanwhile, the hydrothermal process is also advantageous for the enrichment of PGE, especially lbr Pt and Pd, due to deep melting segregation. The characteristic parameters （such as Pt/（Pt＋Pd）, （Pt＋Pd）/（Ru＋Ir＋Os）, Pd/Ir, Cu/（Ni＋Cu）, and so on.） for platinum-group elements for Jinchuan sulfide copper-nickel deposit show the same features as those for sulfide copper-nickel deposit related to basic magma, which also illustrates its original magma property representative of Mg-high tholeiite. Therefore, it is the marie （not ultramafic） magma that resulted in the formation of the superlarge sulfide copper-nickel deposit enriched in Cu and PGE. To sum up, the geochemical characteristics of platinum-group elements in rocks and ores from Jinchuan copper-nickel sulfide deposit are constrained by the continental rift tectonic environment, the parent magma features, the enriched mantel magma source, the complex metallogenesis and PGE geochemical signatures, and this would be rather significant for the study about the genetic mechanism of copper-nickel sulfide deposits. 相似文献
18.
Native ruthenium and platinum-bearing hedleyite were recognized two gold deposits contained in Archaean metamorphic rocks in northern China.They are coexistent with native gold,quartz and pyrite.The high W content of native ruthenium may reflect the precipitation of ores in a W-rich hydrothermal system at moderate to high temperatures,The presence of platinum-group minerals(PGM)in the two deposits suggests that Au and PGE were both derived from mantle-source rocks. 相似文献