共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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洪家渡水电站左坝肩高边坡稳定及加固措施研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
贵州洪家渡水电站左坝肩高边坡开挖高度310 m,采用弹塑性有限元数值模拟方法对左坝肩高边坡施工期岩体应力应变状态进行分析研究,并结合现场变形观测资料对计算结果进行验证,从而对左坝肩高边坡的稳定性进行评价并提出相应的加固措施。 相似文献
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基于MPGA的复杂应力状态边坡稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
极限平衡法在边坡稳定性分析中处于主导地位,该算法通常建立在一定的假设之上,没有考虑边坡土体的非线性应力-应变关系,不能用于未达到极限状态以及加固后边坡的稳定性分析。为了解决以上问题,将有限元计算与多种群遗传算法（MPGA）相结合,建立一种基于MPGA的复杂应力状态边坡稳定性分析通用模型,通过数值应力场求解安全系数,并为多种群遗传算法构建适应度函数;再利用多种群遗传算法为安全系数的计算提供滑移面。为了保证分析的高效、合理,根据滑移面发展趋势,动态产生初始滑移面,并增加一个滑移面约束条件。最后,通过均质边坡和软弱夹层边坡两个典型算例分析验证了该方法的合理性;通过分析土钉加固的软弱夹层边坡,证明了该方法可用于加固等复杂应力状态边坡的稳定性分析。 相似文献
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采用南水北调中线工程南阳膨胀土和新乡膨胀岩重塑试样,开展一系列干湿循环后的强度试验和一维固结后的有荷浸水膨胀试验。试验结果表明,(1) 膨胀土强度随竖向应力增加表现出明显的两阶段特性,低应力状态与高应力状态下的强度指标差别很大;(2) 同一上覆压力下,膨胀土的有荷膨胀率随着初始含水率的增大而线性减小,随着初始干密度的增大而线性增大,分别给出考虑初始含水率、上覆压力双因素影响的膨胀率表达式和考虑初始干密度、上覆压力双因素影响的膨胀率表达式,给出膨胀土一维固结后有荷浸水膨胀的应力-应变关系。分析认为,(1) 膨胀土边坡多发生浅层滑动,应测定低应力状态下的强度参数用于边坡稳定分析;(2) 膨胀土边坡浅层部分和坡脚的压实度不宜过高。 相似文献
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黄土边坡开挖过程中常遇到边坡发生变形甚至破坏的情况,不同的开挖速率导致边坡的变形特征也不相同。通过饱和黄土的卸载三轴试验,研究固结围压及卸载速率对卸载状态下饱和黄土的应力-应变特性、孔隙水压力的发展及应力路径的影响。试验表明,固结围压越大,土体破坏所需的偏应力越大,抗剪强度越大;卸载速率越大,对应的偏应力峰值越大,抗剪强度越大。卸载速率相同时,土体卸载初期的超静孔压为负值,增大至正值后孔压的增长速率在其增大过程中逐渐减小;固结围压越大,土样剪切过程中对应的孔隙水压力越大。卸载三轴试验中,土体均表现为应变软化的特性;饱和黄土破坏时的应变均为1%~3%,且固结围压越高,破坏时的应变越小。固结围压相同时,卸载速率越大,孔压增长速率越快,但孔隙水压力值越小。 相似文献
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土石坝所处的应力状态较接近平面应变应力状态或三维应力状态,而常规三轴试验低估了粗粒料的力学性能。应用大型真三轴仪对常规三轴应力状态、平面应变应力状态和真三轴应力状态（ 0.25, 为中主应力系数, 、 、 分别为大、中、小主应力）下粗粒料的力学特性进行了压缩试验研究。试验结果表明：相同小主应力下,常规三轴试验、平面应变试验、真三轴试验的大、小主应力之差与大主应力方向应变的关系曲线依次变高变陡。某一试验加载条件下,体应变随球应力的增大而增大,初始剪切阶段增加较慢,随后呈线性增大,不同小主应力的体应变曲线较为接近。平面应变试验强度和真三轴试验强度比常规三轴试验强度有较大增长,真三轴试验强度增加百分比大于平面应变试验强度增加百分比。初始弹性模量随小主应力的增大呈线性增大。平面应变状态下中主应力系数随大主应力方向应变的增大而增大,初始剪切阶段增长较缓,之后近似呈线性增大。相同小主应力下,从常规三轴应力状态至平面应变应力状态再到真三轴应力状态,小主应力方向应变均为膨胀变形,且膨胀变形依次增大。同一试验加载条件下,小主应力较小时,应力比（偏应力与球应力之比）与偏应变的关系曲线位于上方。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2016,(1):175-184
采用应变软化本构模型和矢量和法,提出了一种模拟应变软化边坡渐进性破坏过程的分析方法。该方法可得到应变软化边坡的坡体材料强度参数、滑面状态、稳定安全系数、边坡破坏状态的变化过程,据此可分析边坡的渐进破坏。采用所提方法对应变软化材料边坡算例进行了分析,并与3种极限平衡法进行了对比,结果表明:(1)滑面矢量和安全系数介于传统极限平衡法峰值安全系数与残余安全系数之间,滑面强度参数部分处于峰值状态、部分处于残余状态,弥补了传统极限平衡法不能得到真实的应变软化边坡安全系数的缺陷。(2)强度参数弱化的区域与边坡破坏区域位置一致,坡脚处滑面最先出现软化,随着塑性剪切破坏的发展,其由软化状态变为残余状态,邻近部分滑面开始出现新的软化,接着进入残余状态,边坡破坏由坡脚向坡顶发展,随着这个过程的持续进行,边坡的渐进性破坏不断发展,边坡安全系数不断降低,直至渐进性破坏过程结束。(3)随着残余软化参数的增加,滑面位置逐渐变浅,矢量和法安全系数逐渐增加。该方法能够较好地分析边坡的渐进性破坏过程,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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采用数值模拟方法研究和论证我国西南某水电站拱肩槽高边坡的稳定性。重点对左岸拱肩槽边坡在自然状态下和施工开挖过程中以及开挖后的应力、应变场特征和演化规律进行了二维有限元分析，并据此对边坡的稳定性进行分析与评价，为设计和施工提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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采用数值模拟方法研究和论证我国西南某水电站拱肩槽高边坡的稳定性.重点对左岸拱肩槽边坡在自然状态下和施工开挖过程中以及开挖后的应力、应变场特征和演化规律进行了二维有限元分析,并据此对边坡的稳定性进行分析与评价,为设计和施工提供了科学依据. 相似文献
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极限分析有限元法讲座--Ⅱ有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判据探讨 总被引：141，自引：26，他引：141
边坡失稳,滑体滑出,滑体由稳定静止状态变为运动状态,同时产生很大的且无限发展的位移,这就是边坡破坏的特征。有限元中通过强度折减使边坡达到极限破坏状态,滑动面上的位移和塑性应变将产生突变,且此位移和塑性应变的大小不再是一个定值,有限元程序无法从有限元方程组中找到一个既能满足静力平衡又能满足应力-应变关系和强度准则的解,此时,不管是从力的收敛标准,还是从位移的收敛标准来判断有限元计算都不收敛。塑性区从坡脚到坡顶贯通并不一定意味着边坡破坏,塑性区贯通是破坏的必要条件,但不是充分条件,还要看是否产生很大的且无限发展的塑性变形和位移,有限元计算中表现为塑性应变和位移产生突变。在突变前计算收敛,突变之后计算不收敛,表征滑面上土体无限流动,因此可把有限元静力平衡方程组是否有解,有限元计算是否收敛作为边坡破坏的依据。- 相似文献
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Pushpendra Sharma Amit Kumar Verma Anil Negi Manish Kumar Jha Pradeep Gautam 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(15):431
Thermoelastic deformation of rock significantly affects the stability of rock slope because thermoelastic strains may cause fracture propagation under favorable condition of failure. Rock slope stability depends on the balance between shear stress and shear resistance along the plane of weakness. Due to warming of rock slopes by heat transfer phenomena, viz. conduction and convection, considerable change in induced stresses (normal and shear) and resistance takes place which further causes instability in rock slope. In this paper, a two-dimensional finite element model has been used to simulate the stability of jointed rock slope containing crack in its upper surface. Four different cases have been simulated on the basis of infilling material (air, water, ice, water and ice) in the crack. Stability of rock slope is examined in terms of shear displacement and factor of safety for different thermal conditions of slope surface. A comparative study has been done for the four cases of infilling material in the crack. The various affecting parameters, viz. shear displacement, factor of safety, shear strength along the joint, and different surface temperature conditions, are illustrated by means of graphs. It has been found that the values of horizontal and vertical displacements are in the range of millimeters. The maximum values of horizontal and vertical displacements are 2.17 mm. Moreover, the maximum values of vertical compressive and tensile stresses are 15.4 MPa and 4.45 MPa respectively for the said four cases. According to the infilling material in the crack, the stability of the rock slope for the given geometry of slope is found in the following order: crack filled with ice < crack filled with ice and water < crack filled with water < empty crack. Validations of numerical results have been done from previous studies, and it has been found that the trends of normal stress, shear strength, and shear displacement along the joint are well matched. 相似文献
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Agostinho Mendonça M-Lurdes Lopes Margarida Pinho-Lopes 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(2):129-147
A geogrid reinforced steep slope was built and monitored during construction and during the first ten months of service. The slope is located between Régua and Reconcos in the new Portuguese main itinerary, IP3, and is a part of reestablishment 2. The reinforced slope has an extension of about 206.2m, is in curve and the reinforced area reaches a maximum height of about 19.6m in the outside curve slope at 150.0m of extension (km 0+150). The monitored slope cross section is at km 0+150. The reinforcements are high density polyethylene geogrids;. materials with different tensile strength values were used. The reinforcement strains were measured at three reinforcement levels using linear extensometers. The soil vertical stresses were recorded using load cells. The internal horizontal displacements of the slope were recorded using two inclinometer tubes. The face displacements were recorded topographically in points spaced approximately 1.2m vertically along the face of the slope on the km 0+150 cross section. The reinforced slope behaviour was observed during a period of about 13 months, which includes three months of construction period. This way it was possible to obtain information about the slope behaviour during and after construction (the first 10 months of service). The behaviour of the observed reinforced slope is characterized by: low values of face displacements, slope internal horizontal displacements and reinforcement strains; change of the face displacements configuration at the end of construction during service;tendency to stabilization of the horizontal displacements in a relatively short period of service; change, during service, of the position of the line passing through the points of the reinforcements where maximum strains were recorded. The reinforced slope behaviour express the conservative design of Equilibrium Limit methods and encourage the research on new design methods for geosynthetic reinforced soil systems. 相似文献
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通过假定滑面的正应力分布来计算边坡安全系数,这是近年来极限平衡理论研究的一个突破,讨论滑面正应力的组成及合理假设模式对获得可靠、可信的安全系数具有重要意义。根据土条的力平衡条件得到滑面正应力是由滑体体积力（含坡面外力）和土条间作用力这两部分所贡献的,通过算例分析了不同条间力假设模式下的滑面正应力及其两个贡献分量的分布。研究表明：滑体体积力（含坡面外力）贡献分量占主导地位,而土条间作用力的贡献分量较小。安全系数对滑面正应力分布不敏感。因此,在滑面正应力分布函数的构造上无需过分追求与真实分布之间的吻合度,可采用以占主导贡献地位的滑体体积力（含坡面外力）贡献分量为核心函数,选用含两个待定参数的修正函数来逼近土条间作用力贡献分量的分布。研究成果规范了滑面正应力的假设模式,具有一定的理论和应用价值。 相似文献
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The accuracy of the computed stress distribution near the free surface of vertical slopes was evaluated in this study as a function of the element size, including aspect ratio. To accomplish this objective, a parametric study was carried out comparing stresses computed using the finite element method (FEM) to those obtained from a physical model composed of photoelastic material. The results of the study indicate a reasonable agreement between a gelatin model and the FEM model for shear stresses, and an overall good agreement between the two models for the principal stresses. For stresses along the top of the slope, the height of the element tends to be more important than width or aspect ratio, at least for aspect ratios up to 4. In all cases, the greatest difference between the two models occurs in the vicinity of the slope. Specifically, if H is defined as the slope height, an element height of H/10 appears to be adequate for the study of stresses deep within the slope, such as for typical embankment analyses. However, for cases where tensile stresses in the vicinity of the slope face which are critical, such as for the stability analysis of steep slopes, element heights as small as H/32, or higher‐order elements, are necessary. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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R. Baker 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2003,27(5):379-401
Most conventional slope stability calculations are based on the linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. However, a substantial amount of experimental evidence suggests that failure criteria of many soils are not linear particularly in the range of small normal stresses. This departure from linearity is significant for slope stability calculations since for a wide range of practical stability problems, critical slip surfaces are shallow and normal stresses acting on such surfaces are small. There exists a technical difficulty in performing strength measurements in the range of small normal stresses relevant to such slope stability problems. As a result, in many practical situations strength measurements are performed at much larger normal stresses then those relevant for the stability problem under consideration. When this is the case, use of the Mohr–Coulomb criterion amounts to a linear extrapolation of experimental information (obtained at large normal stresses), into the range of small normal stresses, which is relevant to the problem. This extrapolation results with very significant overestimation of calculated safety factors in cases when there is large mismatch between experimental and relevant ranges of normal stresses. The present work delineates the extent of this problem and suggests a practical way to overcome it. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Parametric study was carried out in this paper using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to study the effects of variations of the two parameters, i.e., variations in batter slope and foundation properties under static and dynamic loading conditions on the distribution of the peak stresses within the dam and foundation soils. The response spectra for the operating basis earthquake (OBE) and the maximum credible earthquake (MCE) were used in the dynamic analysis. It is shown that the distribution of peak stresses across base of dam and the extent of tensile zone on the foundation soils at the foundation level vary with the variations in the batter slope. Generally, as the batter slope increases the extent of the tensile zone at the foundation level decreases but not necessarily the maximum tensile stresses. However, an optimum batter slope could be achieved based on the results of this parametric study. It should be noted that the greatest tension is developed in the rock adjacent to the toe of the batter. For the foundation mechanical properties, it has been shown that the assessment of accurate soil mechanical properties has a great effect on the computed design stresses from finite element analysis. However, the greatest effect of the foundation properties was on the stresses at the base of dam while it has a negligible effect within the dam body. 相似文献
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边坡倾倒变形的形成机制与影响因素分析 总被引：27，自引：5，他引：22
本文从边坡倾倒的变形特点出发,分析了倾倒变形的力学机制。在此基础上研究了结构面间距及力学参数对变形的影响。通过含有结构面的岩体的应力,位移以及屈服区的分布特点,讨论了反倾边坡的稳定性问题。 相似文献
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金属矿山采空区群形成过程中围岩扰动规律研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以石人沟铁矿为工程背景,选取典型矿段,采用相似材料模型试验和数值模拟计算相结合的方法,对该区域内采空区群形成过程中围岩的应力应变的演变规律进行研究。首先,利用相似材料试验,对采空区顶板的应力和位移以及矿柱的应力演变规律进行系统分析。然后,用数值模拟软件,对采空区群形成过程中开采对围岩的扰动范围进行系统研究。研究结果表明,在采空区群形成过程中,围岩应力-应变演变规律与采空区单独开采差异较大,每个采空区的围岩应力应变始终处于动态变化中,尤其是处于群区域中间部位的采空区,该处围岩的应力-应变状态也是最差的。群区域中,由开采对围岩造成的扰动较单独开采时急剧增大,且最终的影响范围并不是单独开采的简单相加,说明在区域内形成一种采空区的“群效应”,加剧采空区的危险程度。 相似文献