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1.
We investigate the influence of baroclinic tidal waves on the diffusion of an impurity spot in a continuously stratified liquid.
The equation of turbulent diffusion is solved numerically by taking into account the wave currents. We establish the dependences
of the characteristics of the diffusion process on the parameters of the baroclinic wave and the location of the impurity
spot.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
2.
We analyze geostrophic currents with nonmonotonic vertical profiles, of velocity and present the distributions of the density
of water and hydrostatic pressure corresponding to possible types of the vertical kinematic structure. To prove the existence
of the indicated complex layered structures, we use, the data of instrumentalin situ measurements of currents in the Black Sea and in the west part of the Tropical Atlantic.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
3.
We study the influence of baroclinic tidal waves on the diffusion of an impurity spot in a continuously stratified fluid.
The equation of turbulent diffusion is solved numerically by taking into account the wave currents. We establish the dependences
of the characteristics of the diffusion process on parameters of baroclinic waves and the location of the impurity spot.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
4.
We analyze the results of measurements of currents in the trains of internal solitons on the New-York shelf of the Atlantic
Ocean performed in the course of the Joint US/Russia Internal Wave Remote Sensing Experiment (JUSREX). It was discovered that
the thermocline is characterized by an almost monotonic anticyclonic variation of the direction of orbital currents in the
trains of solitons but the direction of waves in each train is practically constant. As a rule, the current significantly
deviates to the left from the direction of waves in the leading soliton and approaches the indicated direction in the rear
solitons of the train. The angular rotation current velocity corresponded to periods varying within the range 12–24h and,
on the average, was close to the local inertial period. It is shown that this rotation cannot be caused by the distorting
influence of advection of background shear currents but, most likely, is connected with the unknown properties of internal
solitons in the rotating ocean.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
5.
A. S. Boguslavsky 《Physical Oceanography》1999,10(1):93-97
We solve a nonlinear problem of diffusion from a concentrated source in a moving medium with diffusion coefficient depending
on the scale of the phenomenon, time, and the concentration of impurities. We obtain a family of exact solutions of this problem,
which can be regarded as a generalization of the class of linear problems of diffusion considered earlier for the conditions
of the ocean and atmosphere by Roberts, Ozmidov, Obukhov,et al.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev. 相似文献
6.
We the discuss the results of modelling wind currents in the system of Sevastopol bays. Numerical calculations are carried
out according to the model of Felzenbaum. It is shown that the decisive role in the formation of distinctive features of circulation
of waters and the essentially three-dimenstional character of currents in this part of the sea is played by the bottom topography
and the direction of winds. These distinctive features are demonstrated for the cases where the motion is induced by the northeast
and northwest winds. In the Sevastopol bays, we discovered the existence of jet longshore currents, vortex character of integral
circulation, and intense processes of upwelling and downwelling.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
7.
E. A. Agafonov S. T. Kaminsky A. S. Kukushkin Yu. A. Prokhorenko 《Physical Oceanography》2000,10(4):351-364
On the basis of the results of simultaneous observations of parameters of currents, attenuation factor of light, and temperature
performed aboard a moving vessel, we established the main characteristics and features of the circulation of waters and the
structure of transparency and temperature fields in the surface layer of the northwest part of the Black Sea. We investigate
the correlation between the variability of fluid dynamics and redistribution of transparency and temperature fields. The measured
currents are compared with those calculated using the actual field of atmospheric pressure during the time of observation.
It is shown that the results obtained in the areas of steady currents in the west and central regions are in good agreement.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
8.
We present a method for the determination of the trajectory of a sounding instrument and its drift velocity in the field of
currents nonuniform in depth and develop special software for IBM/PC compatible computers. The proposed method and software
are checked by using the well-known analytic solution of a similar problem given by Academician A. N. Krylov. We also consider
some special examples of application of the developed method to the processing of the data of an OLT profilometer.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
9.
N. P. Bulgakov V. V. Ukrainsky Yu. I. Popov P. D. Lomakin Yu. V. Artamonov 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(5):447-457
On the basis of the data of the complex oceanographic experiment carried out in the course of the second Ukrainian Antarctic
expedition in March 1998, we study the structure and kinematics of waters in the region of the archipelago of Argentine Islands.
The regularities of thermohaline stratification of waters are discovered. We determine the most important environmental parameters
premoting the variability of hydrophysical fields on time scales varying from several days up to a week, analyse the data
of actual observations over the currents, and estimate the relative contribtions of diurnal and semidiurnal tidal waves to
the total dispersion of hydrophysical parameters of the environment. The residual currents are filtered out. We propose a
hypothesis about the mechanism of their formation. Various types of tidal currents are revealed and the directions of propagation
of diurnal and semidiurnal tidal waves are determined.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
10.
11.
É. N. Mikhailova V. A. Ivanov A. I. Kubryakov N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2000,10(4):305-311
We use mathematical simulation to study the response of the sea in the region of the Zmeiny Island to the action of winds
of various directions. We describe the processes of reconstruction of circulation and thermohaline structure of waters and,
in particular, the location and dimensions of the zones of upwelling and downwelling caused by water surges depending on the
direction of the wind.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
12.
G. K. Korotaev 《Physical Oceanography》2000,10(6):495-502
We consider the problem of geostrophic adjustment of nonlinear axially symmetric formations in a two-layer fluid with infinitely
deep lower layer and demonstrate the existence of a new integral of motion, which enables us to determine the final equilibrium
state of perturbations without analyzing the transient (wave) stage of the process. It is shown that the final motions caused
by initial perturbations of the opposite signs are not equivalent.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
13.
In the coastal zone, as a result of mixing of waters, it is difficult to identify turbulent phenomena with a spatial scale
of 0.1–1 km accompanied by strong vertical flows according to the data of measuring temperature. On the basis of the data
of direct measurements, it is shown that turbulent structures are well pronounced in the field of breaking of wind waves.
We deduce empirical estimates of the response of the intensity of wave breaking to the magnitude of divergence of the current
and develop a theoretical model of the influence of inhomogeneities of currents on wave breaking capable of describing the
experimental data.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. F. Ivanov 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(3):205-219
For various stratifications and different types of bottom patterns we study the transformations of solitary perturbations
of density appearing in the depth of the sea. In the two-dimensional case, under the assumption that the average dynamic characteristics
weakly vary in time as compared with the wave characteristics, we deduce the equations for mean currents and waves taking
into account vertical and horizontal viscosity and the diffusion of density. Numerical examples show that the stratification,
bottom topography, nonlinearity, mean currents, and dissipation strongly affect both the process of splitting of a solitary
wave into wave trains and their amplitude and length. The wave currents exhibit the oscillatory (train-like) character. It
is emphasized that, in the case of propagation of solitary perturbations of density with dissipation, it is also important
to take into account the combined influence of nonlinearity, currents, bottom topography, and stratification.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
V. I. Babii 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(3):291-298
We consider specific errors of measuring the velocity of sound in water caused by the effect of heating of the analyzed volume
of the medium by acoustic irradiation and the influence of the velocity of the incident flow. We deduce expressions for the
optimal values of the intensity of sounding acoustic radiation and the velocity of the incident flow guaranteeing the minimum
possible value of the resulting error and give recommendations concerning thein situ measurements of the sound velocity.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
16.
We describe the hydrological structure of waters of the Persian Gulf and its seasonal variability according to the data of
CTD surveys carried out in February–June 1992 in the course of the cruises of the NOAA R/VMt. Mitchell aimed at the analysis of the consequences of the ecological catastrophe caused by the spread of oil spots formed as a result
of war operations in the Persian Gulf in 1991.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
17.
Internal waves generated by a barotropic wave impinging on a bottom ridge with continuously varying height are studied within
the framework of the linear theory of long waves. We consider the case where the diurnal tide travels at an arbitrary angle
to the axis of the ridge located in the area of a geostrophic flow caused by tilting of the free sea surface and the interface
of a two-layer ocean. We study the dependences of the amplitudes of internal waves on the velocity of the geostrophic flow,
the direction of propagation of the barotropic tide, and the geometry of the ridge.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
N. P. Bulgakov S. N. Bulgakov V. N. Davydova A. Z. Martinez 《Physical Oceanography》1999,10(2):107-121
On the basis of the data ofin situ measurements of the velocities of currents and basic hydrophysical parameters (such as temperature and salinity) carried
out during Cruise 41 of the R/VAkademik Vernadsky, we analyze the structure of the North Brazil Current near the continental slope and in the equatorial abyssal part of the
ocean in winter, establish the regularities of changes in the current velocity with depth, and compare the structures of the
North Brazil and Guiana Currents.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
19.
Within the framework of the linear theory of long waves, we study the evolution of a wave process caused by the action of
surface pressure periodically varying in time in a bounded basin of variable depth without vertical walls. We assume that
the basin is filled with a homogeneous liquid nonperturbed at the initial time and take into account the action of dissipative
forces. We obtain the analytic solution of the posed problem. It is used to perform the detailed analysis of the influence
of the dissipative forces and the frequency of perturbing pressure on the characteristics of the process of evolution of waves.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
20.
V. F. Ivanov 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(5):425-437
On the basis of a nonlinear model taking into account viscosity, density diffusion, and currents, we perform the numerical
analysis of propagation of perturbations formed in the abyssal part of the Black Sea as a result of the action of tangential
wind stresses or density flows in the form of a strip on the sea surface. It is shown that, in the course of time, in the
region of the bottom slope, these perturbations generate a train of waves in the sea, which causes oscillations of the fields
of density and currents. There are some differences between the generation of internal waves by the flows of density and the
wind. Unlike the wind action, in the presence of flows of density in the upper layer in the region of the strip, the initial
period of generation is characterized by the formation of intense perturbations without train structure.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献