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1.
基于高压压汞和核磁共振测试方法,结合分形理论对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩孔喉结构与油藏物性进行了表征。采用毛管束模型和润湿相模型计算了高压压汞孔喉分形维数,利用核磁共振测试T2谱分别计算了大孔、中孔、小孔以及总孔隙的分形维数;对各分形维数与油藏物性之间的关系进行了对比分析。研究表明：基于高压压汞曲线计算岩心分形维数时,相比于润湿相模型,毛管束模型计算得到的分形维数与油藏物性之间具有更好的相关性,随着分形维数增加,平均半径减小,孔喉结构非均质性增强,油藏物性变差。核磁总孔隙分形维数与油藏物性相关性较差,大孔和中孔的分形维数与油藏物性具有较好的相关性,其中随着大孔和中孔分形维数增加,岩心渗透率降低,油藏物性变差;与小孔相比,大孔和中孔的分形维数与油藏物性的相关性更强,表明致密砂岩储层物性主要受大孔和中孔控制,分形维数可以有效表征致密砂岩小孔、中孔和大孔对油藏物性的影响。 相似文献
2.
Y. Y. Huyan T. S. Liu F. J. Jiang X. Z. Chen X. Q. Ma 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,65(6):863-875
Residual and movable porosity are significant parameters for characterising petrophysical properties, especially in tight reservoirs. Eight tight sandstone samples from the upper Paleozoic gas-bearing strata in the Kangning area, from the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin, were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), petrography, and porosity and permeability tests. The lithology and pore types were identified and classified using petrography and SEM. The residual and movable porosity were obtained with NMR. In addition, NMR was used to visualise pore structure and pore size distribution. The results suggest that the upper Paleozoic sandstones in the study area mainly comprise feldspathic litharenite and litharenite. The sandstone porosity and permeability are low, with means of 5.9% and 0.549 mD, respectively. Four pore types exist in the tight sandstones: residual primary pores, grain dissolution pores, micropores (clay-dominated) and microfractures. The T2 spectra under water-saturated conditions correlate with pore size and can be used to distinguish small and large pores based on the transverse relaxation time cutoff value of 10 ms, which corresponds to a pore diameter of 0.232 μm. Small pores account for 72% of the pores in the tight sandstones. The continuous bimodal T2 spectra suggest good connectivity between small and large pores, despite the low porosity and permeability. In this study, the movable porosity of the major tight sandstone gas reservoirs is higher than the residual porosity, which confirms the effective evaluation of movable porosity to tight sandstone reservoirs, based on NMR experiments. 相似文献
3.
Wanja Wedekind Christian J. Gross Andreas Hoffmann Siegfried Siegesmund 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(21):735
Sandstones, clay in the form of bricks and laterite are the building materials used by the Khmer to construct the imposing and magnificent temples in Southeast Asia. Many of these monuments suffer from fracturing, sanding, contour scaling, crust formation and salt weathering. The affinity to weathering is closely connected to the type of material. Two sandstone types classified as feldspathic arenite and quartz arenite of Angkor as well as two arkosic sandstones from Thailand are described and investigated in this study. Important petrophysical properties determined for the different sandstones consist of hydric expansion, thermal expansion, pore radii distribution and ultrasonic velocity. Different investigations such as capillary water uptake, surface hardness, hygroscopic water sorption, and salt resistance tests were undertaken in the laboratory to characterize the various rock types. Observations and quantified damage mapping were done onsite at the Phnom Bakheng Temple. Contour scaling in the form of weathering crusts is one of the main deterioration features observable at the Angkor monuments. Comparisons are made between the building stone, the crust material from the Phnom Bakheng Temple and fresh stone material used for restoration. Significant differences in hydric and especially in thermal expansion of the crust and sandstone have been determined. The results seem to indicate that extensional processes occur, which can be considered a force for detachment (i.e., contour scaling, flaking). In an experimental trial, the hydric and thermal expansion of the weathering crust and the building stone was significantly reduced by using a weak acid for the crust and a swelling inhibitor for the original building stone. 相似文献
4.
Heidrun Stück Siegfried Siegesmund Jörg Rüdrich 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(7-8):1763-1786
The construction suitability of a dimension stone depends on its weathering properties along with the petrology and the petrophysical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the dimension stones from the “Drei Gleichen” area for construction and replacement purposes. In total, six sandstones (Ingersleben, Wachsenburg, Hindfelden, Seeberg, Röhnberg, Gleichenberg; Upper Triassic) as well as two carbonates (Wachsenburg sinter; Quaternary, Wandersleben dolomite; Middle Triassic) were analysed. The results from our laboratory and on-site studies of the dimension stones show that rocks from the same stratigraphic layer, like the sandstones from the upper Triassic, can show major differences in their petrophysical and weathering properties. These differences are attributed to their different diagenesis, resulting, e.g. in varying pore space, water balance and strength properties. The pore size distribution can be divided into four different groups based on their occurring maxima and micropore content. The determined water balance properties as well as moisture expansion and salt attack depend on these groups. Next to this, the mineralogical composition significantly influences the weathering resistance. Sandstones with a high content of altered lithoclasts show a high amount of moisture expansion, low strength and, in consequence, a low weathering resistance against salt attack. Based on the results of the present study, an evaluation of construction suitability could be accomplished. From the analysed sandstones, only the Seebergen sandstone is suitable for construction purposes due to its good availability, good strength properties (high compressive and tensile strength, low softening degree) as well as a low porosity. Furthermore, the Wachsenburg sandstone also shows good petrophysical and petrological properties, but exploitable deposits are too sparse to be of commercial interest. From the carbonates, the Wachsenburg sinter shows very suitable rock parameters, but only sparse outcrops occur, which are not appropriate for mining. 相似文献
5.
Weathering of volcanic tuff rocks caused by moisture expansion 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Wanja Wedekind Rubén López-Doncel Reiner Dohrmann Mathias Kocher Siegfried Siegesmund 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(4):1203-1224
Moisture expansion in natural building stones is considered one of the most important factors affecting their weathering and deterioration. The processes that may be responsible for the expansion under determinate relative humidity (hygric dilatation) and water-saturated conditions (hydric dilatation) are generally attributed to the presence of swellable clay minerals. In contrast to this assumption, our investigations show that moisture expansion also takes place in volcanic tuff building stones almost free from clay minerals. To provide a deeper understanding of the processes, swelling and deterioration were performed on 14 volcanic tuffs used as important building stones of different ages, compositions and weathering stages from Mexico, Germany and Hungary. The investigations undertaken include extensive chemical, petrophysical and fabric analyses. The samples show a wide range of effective porosity, microporosity, capillary water absorption, moisture expansion, and CEC values. High moisture expansion does not seem to depend on clay mineral content alone. We also observed that there is no significant effect on dilatation if clay minerals are present but only form a thin coat on the outer shell of bigger pores. Moreover, we identified a correlation between microporosity, average pore radius and moisture expansion. The investigations highlight the fact that moisture expansion cannot only be attributed to swellable clay minerals, and suggest that the presence and accumulation of micropores and their average radius and distribution play an important role for non-clay associated swelling intensity, which can most probably be attributed to the disjoining pressure. 相似文献
6.
元坝地区须家河组砂岩的致密化程度极高,以超低孔、超低渗储层为主,属于超致密砂岩。本文基于铸体薄片、阴极发光、扫描电镜和物性等资料,在对砂岩的岩石组分、孔隙类型及物性特征分析的基础上,通过与国内外典型致密砂岩对比,揭示研究区砂岩较其他砂岩致密化程度高的原因,分析超致密砂岩的勘探潜能。结果表明,研究区砂岩具有较高的塑性岩屑、碳酸盐岩岩屑和黏土杂基含量;填隙物以黏土杂基和钙质胶结物为主,较强的硅质胶结作用仅发育于石英砂岩中。孔隙多为黏土杂基晶间微孔,喉道呈窄缝状或不发育,孔喉分选差,偏细歪度。砂岩致密化程度高主要有两方面的原因:一是原始组构差,成分成熟度低,含有较高的塑性岩屑、碳酸盐岩岩屑和黏土杂基含量,导致砂岩在早成岩阶段既已经历了很强的压实作用和钙质胶结作用,致密化时间早,溶蚀作用不发育;二是成岩演化阶段高,砂岩经历了中成岩阶段的压溶及进一步的钙质/硅质胶结,使得砂岩超致密化。与国内外典型致密砂岩气藏对比表明,超致密砂岩有效孔隙少,对天然气的富集能力有限。元坝地区须家河组只有孔隙度近于8%(如长石岩屑砂岩)的砂岩才可成为有利的致密气储层。 相似文献
7.
通过铸体薄片显微镜下观察、孔喉图像、毛细管压力、恒速压汞、气水相对渗透率、核磁共振等多种分析实验手段,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界盒8段低孔、低渗-特低渗砂岩储层的微观孔隙结构和渗流特征,探讨了孔隙结构对储层渗流特征的影响。结果表明,孔隙结构特征是影响低孔、低渗-特低渗砂岩储集性能与渗流特征的主要因素。而砂岩的孔隙结构特征主要受砂岩原生矿物组合与成岩演化过程及其产物的控制,盒8段各砂岩类型由于其矿物成分不同导致孔隙结构的差异,也是各砂岩类型储集性能与渗流能力存在差别的直接原因。在孔隙结构参数中,喉道的大小、有效孔隙与喉道的体积及其连通性是决定储层储集与渗流能力的关键。大孔喉对储层渗流能力的贡献更大,中-小孔喉则对储集能力的贡献相对较高。微裂缝是除孔隙结构以外影响砂岩储集性能与渗流特征的重要因素。 相似文献
8.
GAO Xiangdong WANG Yanbin LI Yong GUO Hui NI Xiaoming WU Xiang ZHAO Shihu 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(3):637-659
Determining the process of densification and tectonic evolution of tight sandstone can help to understand the distribution of reservoirs and find relatively high-permeability areas. Based on integrated approaches of thin section,scanning electron microscopy(SEM), cathode luminescence(CL), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), N_2 porosity and permeability, micro-resistivity imaging log(MIL) and three-dimensional seismic data analysis, this work discussed the reservoir characteristics of the member 8 of the Permian Xiashihezi Formation(He 8 sandstones) in the Linxing area of eastern Ordos Basin, determined the factors affecting reservoir quality, and revealed the formation mechanism of relatively high-permeability areas. The results show that the He 8 sandstones in the Linxing area are mainly composed of feldspathic litharenites, and are typical tight sandstones(with porosity 10% and permeability 1 mD accounting for 80.3% of the total samples). Rapid burial is the main reason for reservoir densification, which resulted in61% loss of the primary porosity. In this process, quartz protected the original porosity by resisting compaction. The cementation(including carbonate, clay mineral and siliceous cementation) further densified the sandstone reservoirs,reducing the primary porosity with an average value of 28%. The calcite formed in the eodiagenesis occupied intergranular pores and affected the formation of the secondary pores by preventing the later fluid intrusion, and the Fe-calcite formed in the mesodiagenetic stage densified the sandstones further by filling the residual intergranular pores. The clay minerals show negative effects on reservoir quality, however, the chlorite coatings protected the original porosity by preventing the overgrowth of quartz. The dissolution of feldspars provides extensive intergranular pores which constitute the main pore type, and improves the reservoir quality. The tectonic movements play an important role in improving the reservoir quality.The current tectonic traces of the study area are mainly controlled by the Himalayan movement, and the high-permeability reservoirs are mainly distributed in the anticline areas. Additionally, the improvement degree(by tectonic movements) of reservoir quality is partly controlled by the original composition of the sandstones. Thus, the selection of potential tight gas well locations in the study area should be focused on the anticline areas with relatively good original reservoir quality. And the phenomena can be referenced for other fluvial tight sandstone basins worldwide. 相似文献
9.
10.
与孔隙几何相对简单的高孔隙度、高渗透率砂岩不同,致密砂岩的岩石骨架和孔隙结构通常表现出不同尺度上的非均质性。为了研究这种非均质性和饱和流体对致密砂岩性质的影响,测量了具有9块不同孔隙度的致密砂岩在不同围压、干燥和水饱和条件下的超声波速度。利用速度随有效压力的变化曲线估计软孔隙的纵横比分布,进而利用喷射流模型进行流体替换效应解释。基于超声测试数据和局部流机制,建立了考虑软孔隙随纵横比分布的喷射流模型,实现了致密砂岩跨频段岩石物理建模,利用此模型分析了超声频段和地震频段内饱和致密砂岩的流体敏感性。基于超声频段测量的流体敏感度被高估,实际上地震频段的流体敏感度可能与超声分析结果存在较大差异,因此实现实验室低频直接测量对于准确的岩石物理建模和应用具有关键性的意义。 相似文献
11.
华池油田华152区长3油层组储层以粉细粒长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩为主,发育多种孔隙类型,主要有粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、剩余粒间孔、晶间微孔隙和构造缝,其中粒间溶孔是长3油层组储层的主要孔隙类型。主要成岩矿物为伊利石、绿泥石、伊／蒙混层、高岭石、方解石、白云石、石英等。根据成岩作用的矿物岩石学标志,将研究区成岩阶段界定为中成岩A期。压实和胶结作用破坏了砂岩的原生孔隙结构,而溶蚀作用形成次生孔隙,有效地改善了砂岩的孔隙结构。 相似文献
12.
Depositional and Diagenetic Controls on Pore Structure of Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs: Evidence from Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu Thrust Belts,Kuqa Depression in Tarim Basin of West China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Deeply buried Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike sandstones are important gas exploration targets in the Kelasu thrust belt, Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin in China. The sandstones are characterized by low porosity, low permeability and strong microscopic heterogeneity due to diagenesis during their geologic history. Mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical analyses combined with high‐pressure mercury injection analysis have been used to investigate the diagenesis, diagenetic minerals, and their impact on reservoir quality. This article addresses the controls exerted by depositional parameters and diagenetic modifications on pore‐network characteristics (porosity, pore types, sizes, shapes, and distribution), with the aim to unravel the formation mechanisms of this complex pore structures, and to improve the characterization and classification evaluation for the Bashijiqike sandstone reservoirs. The Bashijiqike sandstones are dominated by lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenite. The pore system consists of intergranular macropores, intergranular micropores, and intragranular pores. Framework grains are generally heavily compacted. Authigenic quartz, authigenic feldspar, clay minerals and carbonates are the major pore‐filling constituents. The pore structure is characterized by small pore radius and poor interconnectivity. Entry pressure reflects the microscopic pore network and macroscopic reservoir property characteristics. Pore structure characteristics are linked to the depositional parameters, type and degree of diagenesis. Clays do not control reservoir pore networks alone, and pores and pore throats are wider in coarser grained sandstones. Entry pressure decreases with the content of the rigid quartz. Compaction and cementation continue to decrease the pore‐throat size, while dissolution enlarges pores and pore‐throats radius. Considerable amounts of microporosity associated with clay minerals and altered grains contribute to the high entry pressure. Comprehensive Coefficient of Diagenesis (CCD), which considers the integrative effect of diagenesis, shows strong statistical correlations with entry pressure. CCD is an integrative modulus of diagenesis and physical property, and generally the higher the values are, the better the pore structure. It is suitable for quantitatively characterizing pore structure in tight gas sandstones. The results of this work can help assess pore‐network characteristics like the Bashijiqike sandstones which had experienced strong diagenetic modifications during their geological history. 相似文献
13.
川东北元坝地区须家河组石英砂岩沉积与储层特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在川东北元坝及周边地区首次发现纯净的石英砂岩沉积,石英砂岩厚度10~15 m左右。研究表明,石英砂岩主要以夹层形式出现在须一、二段,但沉积环境相当特殊,主要为海泛或湖泛早期沉积的滩坝砂体,不属于须家河组广泛发育的三角洲沉积体系,石英砂体呈近东西向展布,明显受到米仓山-大巴山前陆前渊带的控制。石英砂岩以粉-细砂为主,分选好,磨圆度高,杂基含量低,具有较高的成熟度,与其它地区不同,研究区石英砂岩具有良好的储集性能,其主要原因是由于石英砂岩中石英颗粒内具有高密度原生微裂缝,这些原生裂缝在沉积后成岩过程中可能闭合,但在后期的构造挤压背景下石英砂岩的脆性特性及破碎颗粒容易导致大量裂缝发育,裂缝的发育同时促进原生裂缝充填物和粒间填屑物的溶蚀,形成以裂缝为主的孔隙性储层。在研究区具有裂缝的石英颗粒并不局限在石英砂岩,我们推测具有裂缝的石英与物源有关。 相似文献
14.
In the present study, a numerical modeling of moisture distribution under real climate conditions within sandstone monoliths is accomplished, based on detailed material-specific transport and storage functions. The impact of lithology and pore-radii distributions is modeled with consideration of (1) the single sandstone monolith; (2) the sandstone monolith with clay layers; and (3) the sandstone monolith with clay layers and hydrophobic treatment. The results reveal that the unimodal equal pore-radii distribution of the quartz arenite promotes quickly a (capillary) water uptake during driving rain (liquid stage), but due to its missing smaller capillaries a high drying velocity leads to an almost dry pore space, since moisture can only be absorbed via gaseous stage (e.g. during summer). On the contrary, the sublitharenite with a unimodal unequable pore-radii distribution is characterized by a distinctly higher water content, since in addition smaller pores also allow the absorption of moisture via sorption. Moreover, the high clay content promotes a retarded interaction with the environment, which is also reflected by the high vapor-diffusion resistance. The highest water content shows the feldspathic litharenite with highest clay content and bimodal pore size distribution. Here, over nine magnitudes of water transporting pores is involved at water transport and storage. Results also reveal that moisture accumulations during droughts trace the deterioration shape of rounding. For all sandstones highest annual fluctuations are observable within the rim zone of the monolith, while the center is characterized by more stable moisture content, which mainly depends on rising water content of the bedrock. The presence of clay layers has for each sandstone specific consequences. However, within the whole sandstone the stress index is increased and stress location is displaced to the boundaries of clay layers. Results of modeling the hydrophobic treatment reveal that this conservation strategy is only useful for sandstones where all moisture is absorbed in liquid stage, why then all water absorption is hindered. In case of sandstones with bimodal and unimodal unequal pore size distributions moisture uptake is possible also via sorption. Accordingly, moisture accumulates behind the zone of hydrophobic treatment. This finally will lead to stress transfer to the outer rim during salt- or ice crystallization and will be responsible for flaking. 相似文献
15.
ABSTRACT Sandstones occur in back-arc basins of the western Pacific at DSDP sites 299 (Sea of Japan), 297 (northern Shikoku Basin), 445 and 446 (Daito-Ridge-and-Basin Province), 453 (Mariana Trough), 286 (New Hebrides Basin) and 285 (South Fiji Basin). These sandstones are dominantly volcaniclastic arenites derived from andesitic island arcs. The degree of sandstone diagenesis is dependent on original composition, burial rate, heat flow history of the basin, and timing of sandstone deposition with respect to rifting processes and associated high heat flow.
Sandstones containing a larger proportion of volcaniclastic components showed more diagenetic effects than sandstones containing a significant volume of other rock fragments and mineral components. Sandstones deposited during early stages of rifting (sites 445, 446) with a slow burial rate and high crustal heat flow showed the greatest degree of downhole diagenetic change. These diagenetic changes include early pore-space reduction and rim cementation by clay minerals followed later by calcite, and subsequent pore-fill cementation by clinoptilolite, heulandite, analcite and later calcite. Replacement of recognizable volcanic rock fragments by chert, calcite and zeolites was observed in the deepest part of the hole. Sandstones deposited after rifting under conditions of associated lower heat flow showed considerably less diagenetic changes, particularly if burial was rapid.
The high heat flow associated with earliest rifting, associated fluid circulation driven by thermal convection, and slow burial rate controlled the diagenetic history of these sandstones. Thus, timing of sandstone deposition with rifting stage and associated burial rates were key factors in controlling sandstone diagenesis in back-arc basins. 相似文献
Sandstones containing a larger proportion of volcaniclastic components showed more diagenetic effects than sandstones containing a significant volume of other rock fragments and mineral components. Sandstones deposited during early stages of rifting (sites 445, 446) with a slow burial rate and high crustal heat flow showed the greatest degree of downhole diagenetic change. These diagenetic changes include early pore-space reduction and rim cementation by clay minerals followed later by calcite, and subsequent pore-fill cementation by clinoptilolite, heulandite, analcite and later calcite. Replacement of recognizable volcanic rock fragments by chert, calcite and zeolites was observed in the deepest part of the hole. Sandstones deposited after rifting under conditions of associated lower heat flow showed considerably less diagenetic changes, particularly if burial was rapid.
The high heat flow associated with earliest rifting, associated fluid circulation driven by thermal convection, and slow burial rate controlled the diagenetic history of these sandstones. Thus, timing of sandstone deposition with rifting stage and associated burial rates were key factors in controlling sandstone diagenesis in back-arc basins. 相似文献
16.
在岩心观察基础上,通过常规、铸体与荧光薄片镜下观察与定量统计,图像粒度与图像孔喉、毛细管压力、孔隙度与渗透率、流体包裹体均一温度测定,结合LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石微区U-Pb定年等物源示踪成果,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界盒8段致密砂岩的类型与岩石学组成及其成岩演化过程对各砂岩孔隙结构、储集性能与产能的影响.结果显示:砂岩类型、岩石学组分及其原始物性特征主要受源区母岩性质的控制,其经历的成岩演化过程存在一定差异,后者决定了各砂岩孔隙发育特征、储集性能的优劣及产能的大小.石英砂岩与岩屑石英砂岩经历了复杂的多期成岩作用过程,前者的粒间溶孔和高岭石晶间微孔与微溶孔发育,其储集性能及含气性最好;后者较发育的绿泥石薄膜保存了较多的原生粒间孔,加之粘土矿物与凝灰质填隙物中大量晶间微孔与微溶孔较发育,其储集性能与含气性次之.高塑性岩屑砂岩与钙质胶结砂岩经历的成岩演化过程相对较简单,前者经历早成岩阶段强烈压实作用后大部分已成为低孔低渗、部分成为致密储层;碳酸盐胶结物是导致钙质胶结砂岩低孔、低渗-致密储层的主要胶结物,此类砂岩经历中成岩阶段A期之后,基本成为致密的非储层.研究成果对于深入理解致密砂岩成岩-烃类充注演化序列及致密化过程与机理,寻找天然气储层“甜点”均具有重要的理论意义与实际意义. 相似文献
17.
通过对取芯井砂岩镜下特征及孔隙度渗透率变化的分析,研究了北黄海盆地东部坳陷下白垩统砂岩的成岩作用及其储层意义。结果显示,储层砂岩类型以长石砂岩、长石石英砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩为主,处于中成岩作用阶段的A亚期末期至B亚期早期。主要的成岩作用类型有压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、蚀变作用、溶蚀作用和重结晶作用,主要孔隙类型有粒间孔隙、粒内孔隙、填隙物内孔隙和次生裂缝。长石砂岩是主要储层。压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用和重结晶作用使砂岩孔隙度减小,降低了储层物性,起到破坏性作用;交代作用、蚀变作用和溶蚀作用使砂岩孔隙度增大,改善了储层物性,起到建设性作用。孔隙度和渗透率整体上由浅变深而呈现由大到小趋势,在深度为3 000~3 020 m和3 140~3 250 m时出现异常高值,孔隙度与渗透率的异常高值带是次生孔隙发育带。 相似文献
18.
成岩作用对砂岩储层孔隙结构的影响 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
砂岩储油物性的优劣不仅和沉积作用有关，而且和成岩作用有密切关系二本区延,砂层组中一些特珠孔隙结构和流体运动特征,及储油物性的变化，并不是沉积期形成的，而是成岩改造的产物。研究工作表明:成岩作用不仅改造了砂岩储层的孔隙结构和储油物性，而且在构成油藏圈团条件和油藏边界区的低渗透带等方面起了重要作用。 相似文献
19.
Luigi Germinario Siegfried Siegesmund Lara Maritan Claudio Mazzoli 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(21):739
Euganean trachyte is a subvolcanic porphyritic rock extracted in northern Italy with an age-old tradition of use as dimension stone, historically linked, in particular, to the fervent building activity brought by the Roman Empire and, later on, the Republic of Venice Serenissima. The results of a comprehensive petrophysical and mechanical characterization of Euganean trachyte from the most representative quarries are discussed here, involving the following properties: density, porosity, water absorption, capillary water uptake, hygroscopic water adsorption, hydric/hygric dilatation, water vapor diffusion, thermal expansion, and resistance to salt attack and abrasion. The different trachyte varieties, although belonging to the same quarry basin, exhibit a relatively wide array of technical performances, which are strongly dependent on pore volume, size, size distribution, shape, and degree of interconnection, controlling modes and rates of water transport and retention. Therefore, indications are provided for evaluating durability performance of the stone, with stress on water-driven weathering. Complementary information is finally given on the possible criteria followed in the antiquity for properly selecting the trachyte quarries to be exploited, and by a comparison with the properties of the most important trachytes extracted in Europe. 相似文献