共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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自然地理界线判别的投影寻踪技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
改进投影寻踪技术是一种基于改进单纯形法直接优化投影寻踪技术的投影函数和投影方向的一种新方法,提出应用改进投影寻踪技术建立自然地理界限划分的判别模型,利用该模型可把自然地理上各气象站点的多维分类指标综合成一维投影值,根据投影值的大小可对气象站点样本集进行合理判别,从而科学确定自然地理的气候带.以福建省南亚、中亚热带自然地理划分为例,探讨了应用改进投影寻踪技术在自然地理划分中的具体应用,福建中、南亚热带自然地理划分结果表明,直接由样本数据驱动的改进的投影寻踪自然地理界线判别模型用于中、南亚热带自然地理的划分简单可行,具有较强的适用性和应用性,可操作性强,可广泛应用于各气候带及地域界线的划分. 相似文献
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通过分析乡村发展潜力的内涵特点,构建乡村发展潜力综合评价模型,提出基于投影寻踪模型和遗传算法的评价方法,以安徽省来安县为例,应用评价模型和方法计算来安县乡村发展潜力指数,将全县划分为高、较高、中等、较低和低5类乡村发展潜力分区,进而将来安县乡村分为集聚提升、城郊融合、特色保护与搬迁撤并4类,并提出针对性策略。研究结果可为乡村发展潜力评价、乡村规划分类提供理论方法参考和实践应用借鉴。 相似文献
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城市洪涝易损性分类与诊断研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
城市洪涝易损性分析对城市防洪安全具有极其重要的作用。将基于加速遗传算法的投影寻踪模型应用于城市洪涝易损性分类与诊断。运用建议模型探讨了湖南省29个城市的洪涝易损性,将全省洪涝易损性程度划分为5个等级:低度易损性、较低度易损性、中度易损性、较高度易损性、高度易损性,同时与模糊评价结果进行了对比。研究表明,投影寻踪模型客观考虑了各个影响因子的权重,结果合理、可靠,可以在实际的类似问题中应用。 相似文献
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基于投影寻踪回归技术的塔里木河水质模拟分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用投影寻踪回归技术（ＰＰＲ）进行水质评价是一种新方法。本文在现有水文观测资料基础上，通过ＰＰＲ分析，建立了塔里木河水质模型，并利用ＰＰＲ对影响河流水质的因素作了分析，可为流域水质管理和控制提供依据。 相似文献
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城镇地价的空间分异对其动态监测片区划定具有重要的参考作用,而空间聚类则是对该问题进行分析的一种有效方法.文中在分析空间聚类本质的基础上,设计了一种基于样本数据的粒子群双重空间聚类挖掘模型,并以北海市二手房地价空间分布挖掘为实例进行了应用.结果表明:粒子群双重空间聚类在空间聚类效果上优于传统K-均值聚类法,尤其是对于任意形状聚类簇的挖掘;然而,由于标准粒子群优化算法机理的限制,其聚类效果随聚类中心的增多而呈下降趋势.总体而言,该方法能利用有限的样本挖掘质量较好的城镇地价空间分异区,可为城镇地价动态监管提供相 相似文献
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基于投影寻踪法的长株潭城市群地区耕地集约利用评价 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
为克服现有耕地集约利用评价中存在权重设置主观性强、高维数据不易处理等不足,在构建耕地集约利用评价指标体系的基础上,以长株潭城市群地区1996-2009 年各年度和2009年各县（县级市、市辖区）为数据样本,采用基于遗传算法的投影寻踪模型对长株潭城市群地区耕地集约利用时序变化和空间分异进行定量综合评价。结果表明：①复种指数、单位耕地面积化肥施用量、单位耕地面积农业机械总动力、单位耕地面积种植业产值已成为长株潭城市群地区耕地集约利用的主要影响因素;②1996-2009 年,长株潭城市群地区耕地集约利用程度以2002 年为分界点呈现出“平稳—快速增长”的阶段性发展态势;③2009 年,长株潭城市群地区耕地集约利用程度表现为由近郊区向中郊区、再向远郊区梯度式降低的空间分异特征;④与常规评价方法相比,投影寻踪法客观可靠,信息表征丰富,结果合理,在耕地集约利用评价方面具有有效性 相似文献
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随着全球气候变化的加剧和城市化进程的快速发展,洪涝灾害的影响和复杂性日益加剧。洪涝灾害风险评估是一项复杂的系统工程,在防洪减灾工程理论与实践中具有重要意义;作为洪涝灾害风险管理和应急处置的基础和核心,风险评估模型直接影响洪涝灾害风险评估结果的可靠性。洪涝灾害风险是洪涝灾害复杂系统组成部分相互作用的结果,综合考虑洪涝灾害系统的特点以及智能体建模的优势,提出了一种基于多智能体的洪涝风险动态评估理论模型。首先从复杂系统建模的角度出发,对洪涝灾害复杂系统进行分析建模,构建基于多智能体的洪涝灾害风险动态评估框架模型;其次,对所构建的框架模型中单个智能体模型进行研究,分别建立基于反应型的孕灾环境智能体模型和基于慎思型的致灾因子、承灾体和风险分析智能体模型,并对以上单个智能体的流程进行研究;然后以风险分析智能体联盟为例对模型框架中所涉及到4类智能体联盟的内部结构和流程进行分析,对构建的框架模型中涉及到的智能体通信协调和作用规则进行探讨;最后,在Netlogo平台上,基于30 m DEM数据和构建的模型,对淮河流域的暴雨型洪涝孕育发生发展全过程的人口风险进行动态评估。结果表明,构建的模型能有效评估洪涝灾害全过程中人口风险的动态。研究结果对洪涝灾害人口灾情评估、应急救助和应急管理都具有较强的指导意义。 相似文献
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YU-LONG XIE JI-HONG WANG YI-ZENG LIANG LI-XIAN SUN XIN-HUA SONG RU-QIN YU Department of Chemistry Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsh People''s Republic of China 《地理学报(英文版)》1993,(6)
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used technique in chemometrics.The classical PCAmethod is,unfortunately,non-robust,since the variance is adopted as the objective function.In thispaper,projection pursuit (PP) is used to carry out PCA with a criterion which is more robust than thevariance.In addition,the generalized simulated annealing (GSA) algorithm is introduced as anoptimization procedure in the process of PP calculation to guarantee the global optimum.The resultsfor simulated data sets show that PCA via PP is resistant to the deviation of the error distribution fromthe normal one.The method is especially recommended for use in cases with possible outlier(s) existingin the data. 相似文献
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Geological disasters not only cause economic losses and ecological destruction, but also seriously threaten human survival. Selecting an appropriate method to evaluate susceptibility to geological disasters is an important part of geological disaster research. The aims of this study are to explore the accuracy and reliability of multi-regression methods for geological disaster susceptibility evaluation, including Logistic Regression (LR), Spatial Autoregression (SAR), Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR), and Support Vector Regression (SVR), all of which have been widely discussed in the literature. In this study, we selected Yunnan Province of China as the research site and collected data on typical geological disaster events and the associated hazards that occurred within the study area to construct a corresponding index system for geological disaster assessment. Four methods were used to model and evaluate geological disaster susceptibility. The predictive capabilities of the methods were verified using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the success rate curve. Lastly, spatial accuracy validation was introduced to improve the results of the evaluation, which was demonstrated by the spatial receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and the spatial success rate (SSR) curve. The results suggest that: 1) these methods are all valid with respect to the SROC and SSR curves, and the spatial accuracy validation method improved their modelling results and accuracy, such that the area under the curve (AUC) values of the ROC curves increased by about 3%–13% and the AUC of the success rate curve values increased by 15%–20%; 2) the evaluation accuracies of LR, SAR, GWR, and SVR were 0.8325, 0.8393, 0.8370 and 0.8539, which proved the four statistical regression methods all have good evaluation capability for geological disaster susceptibility evaluation and the evaluation results of SVR are more reasonable than others; 3) according to the evaluation results of SVR, the central-southern Yunnan Province are the highest susceptibility areas and the lowest susceptibility is mainly located in the central and northern parts of the study area. 相似文献
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After the Wenchuan earthquake in China, debris flows have been more frequent. Multiple debris flows commonly occur in earthquake-affected areas during heavy rainfall, often causing losses of lives and property. We analyzed the dynamic movement of debris flows and proposed a quantitative method of debris flow hazard assessment, based on kinetic energy. Validated using field study of an actual debris flow disaster, these analyzes help determine the type, quantity, distribution, economic worth, and susceptibility of elements at risk. We established a method to determine vulnerability of elements at risk and we propose a systematic and quantitative method for local risk analysis of debris flows. We applied the proposed method to a debris flow in Qipan gully, which caused serious damages for Duwen Highway and Qipan settlements of Sichuan Province in 2013. With the support of a debris-flow movement numerical simulation, remote sensing, and GIS techniques, the proposed method analyzed disaster effects and divided the hazardous areas into three risk zones. Calculated risk zones coincided with the actual distribution and severity of damage of the event, suggesting that the risk assessment generated by the proposed method is consistent with results from the actual disaster. 相似文献
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Jia Yu Chuanrong Zhang Jiahong Wen Weidong Li Rui Liu Hui Xu 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(9):1884-1910
The timely and secure evacuation of residents to nearby urban emergency shelters is of great importance during unexpected disaster events. However, evacuation and allocation of shelters are seldom examined as a whole, even though they are usually closely related tasks in disaster management. To conduct better spatial allocation of emergency shelters in cities, this study proposes a new method which integrates techniques of multi-agent system and multi-criteria evaluation for spatial allocation of urban emergency shelters. Compared with the traditional emergency shelter allocation methods, the proposed method highlights the importance of dynamic emergency evacuation simulations for spatial allocation suitability analysis. Three kinds of agents involved in evacuation and sheltering procedures are designed: government agents, shelter agents, and resident agents. Emergency evacuations are simulated based on the interactions of these agents to find potential problems, for example, time-consuming evacuation processes and road congestion. A case study in Jing’an District, Shanghai, China was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. After three rounds of simulation and optimization, new shelters were spatially allocated and a detailed recommended plan of shelters and related facilities was generated. The optimized spatial allocation of shelters may help local residents to be evacuated more quickly and securely. 相似文献
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Bojan Šavrič Bernhard Jenny 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(12):2373-2389
The recently introduced adaptive composite map projection technique changes the projection to the geographic area shown on a map. It is meant as a replacement for the commonly used web Mercator projection, which grossly distorts areas when representing the entire world. The original equal-area version of the adaptive composite map projection technique uses the Lambert azimuthal projection for regional maps and three alternative projections for world maps. Adaptive composite map projections can include a variety of other equal-area projections when the transformation between the Lambert azimuthal and the world projections uses Wagner’s method. To select the most suitable pseudocylindrical projection, the distortion characteristics of a pseudocylindrical projection family are analyzed, and a user study among experts in the area of map projections is carried out. Based on the results of the distortion analysis and the user study, a new pseudocylindrical projection is recommended for extending adaptive composite map projections. The new projection is equal-area throughout the transformation to the Lambert azimuthal projection and has better distortion characteristics then small-scale projections currently included in the adaptive composite map projection technique. 相似文献
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云南省金沙江流域干旱灾害区划研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
云南金沙江流域干旱灾害较为严重。选取11个指标,运用模糊聚类方法进行了该流域干旱灾害区划,将该 流域划分为4个干旱灾害区、9个干旱灾害亚区,揭示了干旱灾害的地域差异性,为因地制宜地制定干旱灾害防治规 划及减灾防灾措施提供了科学依据。 相似文献