共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
S. Gaci 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(8):2719-2726
The two-dimensional multifractional Brownian motion (2D-mBm) provides a convenient model for image processing. However, the accurate estimation of its associated local regularity function presents a serious difficulty. Here, we suggest a new estimator of the local Hölder exponent (H) of 2D-mBm paths. The idea consists of extending the algorithm, as suggested by Peltier and Lévy-Véhél (1995) for quantifying regularity of mono-dimensional signals, to the 2D case. The resulting algorithm is first tested on artificial 2D-mBm paths shaped by the kriging method. The good accuracy of the obtained H estimations motivates us to implement it on digitalized image data of a core extracted from an Algerian borehole. The derived regularity map shows a significant correlation with the geological features observed on the investigated core. These lithological discontinuities are marked by local variations of the Hölder exponent value. Besides, it is shown that no clear relationship can be drawn between regularity and digitalized data. To conclude, the proposed method may be of high importance in characterizing heterogeneities from core images using the regularity exponents. 相似文献
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Piotr W. Mirowski Daniel M. Tetzlaff Roy C. Davies David S. McCormick Nneka Williams Claude Signer 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(4):447-474
This research introduces a novel method to assess the validity of training images used as an input for Multipoint Geostatistics,
alternatively called Multiple Point Simulation (MPS). MPS are a family of spatial statistical interpolation algorithms that
are used to generate conditional simulations of property fields such as geological facies. They are able to honor absolute
“hard” constraints (e.g., borehole data) as well as “soft” constraints (e.g., probability fields derived from seismic data,
and rotation and scale). These algorithms require 2D or 3D training images or analogs whose textures represent a spatial arrangement
of geological properties that is presumed to be similar to that of a target volume to be modeled. To use the current generation
of MPS algorithms, statistically valid training image are required as input. In this context, “statistical validity” includes
a requirement of stationarity, so that one can derive from the training image an average template pattern. This research focuses
on a practical method to assess stationarity requirements for MPS algorithms, i.e., that statistical density or probability
distribution of the quantity shown on the image does not change spatially, and that the image shows repetitive shapes whose
orientation and scale are spatially constant. This method employs image-processing techniques based on measures of stationarity
of the category distribution, the directional (or orientation) property field and the scale property field of those images.
It was successfully tested on a set of two-dimensional images representing geological features and its predictions were compared
to actual realizations of MPS algorithms. An extension of the algorithms to 3D images is also proposed. As MPS algorithms
are being used increasingly in hydrocarbon reservoir modeling, the methods described should facilitate screening and selection
of the input training images. 相似文献
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研究了地质钻孔信息的管理和可视化技术,提出了一种在数字地球平台中进行城市钻孔信息模拟和可视化的方法。该方法基于一个统一的钻孔数据库标准,首先将钻探点位信息和地层分层信息组织成具有不同细节层次的钻探点位模型、钻孔分层散点模型和钻孔管段模型,然后构建基于细节层次模型的海量钻孔信息多尺度表达机制,最后将这些模型加载到数字地球平台中进行可视化及查询、分析。在上海市的应用实例显示,该方法实现过程简单、自动性高,生成的模型易于在国际互联网上进行分发、集成与共享。该方法的应用将有助于地质工作者向其他科技人员以及社会公众展示、分发自己拥有的钻孔信息,为以钻孔数据为代表的城市地质信息的社会化服务奠定基础。 相似文献
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K. N. S. S. S. Srinivas M. Srihari Rao P. Pavan Kishore D. Gopinadh Haris Raza Kusumita Arora H. V. S. Satyanarayana 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,91(5):569-574
Boreholes are the only sources for direct measurements of geological and geophysical characteristics of the shallow subsurface of the earth. Borehole imaging tool “Acoustic Televiewer (ATV)” is an advanced probe, which records 3D image of the bore hole wall and is used to obtain oriented images of bore hole and provides substantial information regarding lithology, structural information, detection of fractures and casing of the borehole. The images are highly sensitive to the presence of fractures, the delineation of which becomes accurate and reliable based on these acoustic images. Features identified on log-derived images can be correlated with core samples or can be used as substitute in the poor core recovery zones. In the present study, ATV log from a deep borehole drilled at Khadi Kolavan in Koyna-Warna region of Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra located west of the Western Ghat escarpment in the Deccan Volcanic province, India, is used for interpretation of structural characteristics of the formation. The same was correlated with other conventional logging methods such as resistivity and full waveform sonic (FWS) as well as core logging and rock quality designations (RQD) which generated new understanding of the basement and basalt cover in this region. 相似文献
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多维GIS矿产评价数据管理系统设计和实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿产资源评价需通过各种物探、化探、航空磁法、遥感、地质和实地调查资料综合分析以确定钻井孔位.针对多源、多时相、多尺度矿产资源勘探资料一体化管理和可视化分析,提出了一种基于分布式多维GIS模型的矿产资源评价数据管理方法.首先,分析了矿产资源预测评价数据资料特征,提出基于多维GIS模型的矿产资源评价数据管理模型;其次,提出了多源矿产资源评价数据处理策略,设计了一种全球瓦片金字塔模型的栅格和地形数据处理方法;再次,设计了分布式多维GIS矿产资源评价数据管理系统体系结构和功能模块,提出了双缓存性能优化方案;最后,开发实现了一个典型的矿产资源评价数据管理系统,实现了多达40种二维、三维数据、文档、多媒体等矿产资源评价数据一体化管理和可视化分析,可用于分布式矿产资源勘探评价的全球协同办公. 相似文献
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基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化过程研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
矿山三维地质建模与可视化技术研究,是"数字矿山"的核心组成部分,是现代矿山信息化研究的热点和重点.文章从三维地质建模的概念出发,探讨了基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化的一般过程,包括地质数据库的建立,实体模型、品位块体模型的创建等,重点探讨了建模过程中地质数据库的设计,地质解译、矿体储量估算的方法与技术,并借助OpenGL三维图形开发库,在VC++6.0编程环境下,实现了三维地质的建模及可视化,为我国矿山三维地质建模及可视化软件的设计提供参考,促进了我国矿山信息化的建设. 相似文献
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高分辨率FMS成像测井资料在科学大洋钻探中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
FMS地层微电阻率扫描成像测井技术诞生于1986年,1989年首次在大洋钻探中获得应用。它采用纽扣电极阵列沿井壁纵向扫描方式采集地层的电阻率信息,经过适当的数字和图像处理后转化为井壁地层的二维微电阻率图像。FMS资料具有分辨率高(理论分辨率为5 mm)、连续原位测量及定向性等特点,是科学大洋钻探中岩芯地质分析方法的重要补充,具有其他地球物理方法难以替代的作用。从岩芯归位和定向、岩性岩相识别及地层剖面重建、沉积构造和古流方向分析、地层旋回性与古气候周期分析、浊积层厚度统计分析、构造和应力场分析及洋壳研究等7个方面对FMS在科学大洋钻探中的应用现状进行综述,对目前FMS成像测井资料应用中存在的问题及发展方向进行分析,包括利用率不高、定量分析成果欠缺、研究深度和广度有待拓展等。 相似文献
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Characterization of complex geological features and patterns remains one of the most challenging tasks in geostatistics. Multiple point statistics (MPS) simulation offers an alternative to accomplish this aim by going beyond classical two-point statistics. Reproduction of features in the final realizations is achieved by borrowing high-order spatial statistics from a training image. Most MPS algorithms use one training image at a time chosen by the geomodeler. This paper proposes the use of multiple training images simultaneously for spatial modeling through a scheme of data integration for conditional probabilities known as a linear opinion pool. The training images (TIs) are based on the available information and not on conceptual geological models; one image comes from modeling the categories by a deterministic approach and another comes from the application of conventional sequential indicator simulation. The first is too continuous and the second too random. The mixing of TIs requires weights for each of them. A methodology for calibrating the weights based on the available drillholes is proposed. A measure of multipoint entropy along the drillholes is matched by the combination of the two TIs. The proposed methodology reproduces geologic features from both TIs with the correct amount of continuity and variability. There is no need for a conceptual training image from another modeling technique; the data-driven TIs permit a robust inference of spatial structure from reasonably spaced drillhole data. 相似文献
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常规的二维地质图件难以直观地表达煤炭资源的三维空间展布。基于青海木里三露天勘探区的钻孔数据、二维平面地形地质图、煤层底板等高线和地质勘探剖面图,对该地区地形、煤层底板和断层的三维空间形态及温度场进行了重构。三维重建结果清晰明确地展示了三露天勘探区煤层的形态特征、各个沉积旋回的聚煤范围和强度、构造轮廓特征以及地下地温特征等。结果表明,基于多源地质数据的三维可视化技术可直观形象地反映煤层等地质体的形态和属性特征,可有效地分析复杂断层在地质历史中产生的先后顺序及古构造应力场特征。使用三维建模技术重构地质体对沉积构造及地质体属性特征分析是一种行之有效的手段。 相似文献
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针对数字全景钻孔摄像系统获取的实测图像,提出了一种基于颜色特征的数字式钻孔图像溶隙结构识别方法。利用岩层中的典型结构,如土质层、溶隙在颜色上与普通岩石具有较大差异性的特点,首先建立了一个自适应HSV颜色空间溶隙结构检测模型,利用该模型获取溶隙结构的二值化图像;对该二值化图像进行滤波处理;然后从处理后的二值化图像进行分区像素密度统计来确定土质层或溶隙区域的深度、面积及方位角等信息,从而实现数字式钻孔图像中溶隙结构的自动识别。通过对大量数字式钻孔图像进行试验并与对应的钻孔雷达图像进行结果对比表明,其方法能对全孔图像的溶隙和土质层进行快速、准确地自动化检测与定位,为钻孔图像岩体结构的自动识别与工程应用提供了一种新的可靠方法。 相似文献
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岩性识别是地质工作中一项基础而又重要的工作。传统的岩性识别方法过于依赖经验和地质专业知识积累,不仅耗时长、专业性强,还易受主观因素影响,导致准确率不理想。笔者等首先回顾了传统的岩性识别方法,之后总结了最新涌现的智能化识别方法,最后详细介绍了基于岩石图像、镜下图像、图像与元素信息融合等的智能识别方法。基于岩石图像的识别方法对于文中的岩石识别准确率可达90%以上,基于图像与元素融合的岩性识别方法可以降低图像相似度高、风化破坏表观特征等因素对识别准确度的影响。笔者等认为当前岩性智能化识别研究仍处于初级阶段。综合各类数据源的优势,利用机器学习深度挖掘岩石元素、矿物、光谱和表观特征间的内在关联性,有利于突破单源信息的局限性,实现岩性快速准确识别。 相似文献
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现有三维地质建模方法的操作过程十分烦琐、复杂。为降低作业人员的劳动强度,并提高建模的直观性和模型结果的准确性,提出一种基于GIS协同AutoCAD和Google SketchUp的三维地质建模方法。在介绍了GIS结合AutoCAD和Google SketchUp构建三维地层模型的基本原理和工作流程之后,阐述了地质数据的处理和三维地质场景的构建过程,并重点阐述了地层表面的绘制、地层三维体模型的构建和可视化关键技术。最后利用C#语言基于SceneControl组件开发了三维地层模型可视化系统,并对构建的地层模型进行了展示。系列实验结果表明,该建模方法具有简单易学、可操作性强和流程化的特点,是一种非常实用的三维地质建模方法。 相似文献
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基于多层DEM与QTPV的混合数据模型及其在地质建模中的应用 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
提出一种基于多层DEM与似三棱柱体元（QTPV）的混合三维数据模型。模型包含顶点、线段（棱边、三角形边）、三角形、侧面四边形、似三棱柱体元和DEM 6个基本元素,同时包含点对象、线对象、面对象、体对象、复杂对象、空间对象等6个对象。设计了6个基本元素和2种地质对象的数据结构和它们之间的拓扑关系。研究了基于原始采样点和基于内插点的两种建模方法。以模拟数据和地质钻探数据对开发的原型系统进行验证。研究表明,基于多层DEM与似三棱柱体元的混合三维数据模型具有同时表达空间对象的表面和内部结构的能力,适合地质勘探领域的三维建模。 相似文献
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北京平原东北部晚新生代地层划分及地层层序初建 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
ＨＲ８８－１孔是北京平原区北部继顺５孔之后，又一重要的第四系钻孔。本文描述了该钻孔的岩心特征，运用生物地层学、气候地层学、年代地层学以及岩石地层学等综合分析的方法，对ＨＲ８８－１孔岩心的地层时代进行了研究与划分。并结合地表区域资料，初步建立了本区第四纪地层层序。 相似文献
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Arindam Guha K. Vinod Kumar M. V. V. Kamaraju K. Babu Govindharaj 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(2):268-272
The application of SAR data is a proven technology in geological studies but very few accounts are available in India, which
can evaluate and demonstrate the utility of microwave signatures as an important tool for geological mapping. In this connection,
the significance of polarization is an important parameter in enhancing geological elements. Present study reveals that the
simple polarization composite prepared from different polarization channels can significantly aid the delineation of geological
features as demonstrated from the Proterozoic metasedimentary sequences of Kurnool Group. The polarization colour composites
reveal that different sedimentary units can be differentiated on the basis of variable back scattering return in different
polarization channel. Further geological structures of regional importance can also be delineated in these colour composite
images. Comparative analysis of different composite images with published geological maps, illustrates the capabilities of
the microwave polarization in enhancing geological elements and how they can be used in updating geological data. 相似文献