共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 30 毫秒
1.
Hyperspectral images (HSI) provide a new way to exploit the internal physical composition of the land scene. The basic platform for acquiring HSI data-sets are airborne or spaceborne spectral imaging. Retrieving useful information from hyperspectral images can be grouped into four categories. (1) Classification: Hyperspectral images provide so much spectral and spatial information that remotely sensed image classification has become a complex task. (2) Endmember extraction and spectral unmixing: Among images, only HSI have a complete model to represent the internal structure of each pixel where the endmembers are the elements. Identification of endmembers from HSI thus becomes the foremost step in interpretation of each pixel. With proper endmembers, the corresponding abundances can also be exactly calculated. (3) Target detection: Another practical problem is how to determine the existence of certain resolved or full pixel objects from a complex background. Constructing a reliable rule for separating target signals from all the other background signals, even in the case of low target occurrence and high spectral variation, comprises the key to this problem. (4) Change detection: Although change detection is not a new problem, detecting changes from hyperspectral images has brought new challenges, since the spectral bands are so many, accurate band-to-band correspondences and minor changes in subclass land objects can be depicted in HSI. In this paper, the basic theory and the most canonical works are discussed, along with the most recent advances in each aspect of hyperspectral image processing. 相似文献
2.
黄河口遥感图像光谱混合分解 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
探讨了用逻辑斯蒂法进行了光谱混合分解的新技术，采用黄河口LM图像进行了分析。结果表明，它不仅能给出分类结果图像，而且能产生组成像元各地类的丰度图像，说明分类图像是在某种置信度下的结果。 相似文献
3.
提高中巴卫星IR MSS图像空间分辨能力的光谱保真融合方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
介绍一种提高中巴资源卫星IRMSS图像空间分辨能力的光谱保真融合方法。通过计算低分辨率图像上每一个像元对应的高分辨率图像上一组子像元的平均亮度值及二者之差,将该差值与高分辨率图像上相应子像元亮度求和,形成新的图像。该图像具有高分辨率图像的空间细节,又具有低分辨率图像的光谱信息,从而实现融合图像信息保真。试验表明,光谱保真融合方法可以在不改变光谱信息的前提下提高IRMSS图像的空间分辨能力,是一种新的简单实用的数据处理方法。 相似文献
4.
面向高光谱图像分类的半监督空谱判别分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为充分利用高光谱图像蕴藏的空间信息提升分类精度,提出了面向高光谱图像分类的半监督空谱判别分析(S3 DA)算法。考虑高光谱图像数据集的空间一致性,首先利用少量标记样本定义类内散度矩阵,保存数据集同类像元的光谱近邻结构;再利用无标记样本定义空间近邻像元散度矩阵,揭示像元间的空间近邻结构和地物的空间分布结构信息。S3 DA既保持数据集在光谱域的可分性,又保存了无标记样本蕴藏的空间域近邻结构,增强了同类像元和空间近邻像元在投影子空间的聚集性,从而提升分类性能。在PaviaU和Indian Pines数据集的试验表明,总体分类精度分别达到81.50%和71.77%。与传统的光谱方法比较,该算法能有效提升高光谱图像数据集的地物分类精度。 相似文献
5.
In automated remote sensing based image analysis, it is important to consider the multiple features of a certain pixel, such as the spectral signature, morphological property, and shape feature, in both the spatial and spectral domains, to improve the classification accuracy. Therefore, it is essential to consider the complementary properties of the different features and combine them in order to obtain an accurate classification rate. In this paper, we introduce a modified stochastic neighbor embedding (MSNE) algorithm for multiple features dimension reduction (DR) under a probability preserving projection framework. For each feature, a probability distribution is constructed based on t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), and we then alternately solve t-SNE and learn the optimal combination coefficients for different features in the proposed multiple features DR optimization. Compared with conventional remote sensing image DR strategies, the suggested algorithm utilizes both the spatial and spectral features of a pixel to achieve a physically meaningful low-dimensional feature representation for the subsequent classification, by automatically learning a combination coefficient for each feature. The classification results using hyperspectral remote sensing images (HSI) show that MSNE can effectively improve RS image classification performance. 相似文献
6.
A. Senthil Kumar V. Keerthi A.S. Manjunath Harald van der Werff Freek van der Meer 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Classification of hyperspectral images has been receiving considerable attention with many new applications reported from commercial and military sectors. Hyperspectral images are composed of a large number of spectral channels, and have the potential to deliver a great deal of information about a remotely sensed scene. However, in addition to high dimensionality, hyperspectral image classification is compounded with a coarse ground pixel size of the sensor for want of adequate sensor signal to noise ratio within a fine spectral passband. This makes multiple ground features jointly occupying a single pixel. Spectral mixture analysis typically begins with pixel classification with spectral matching techniques, followed by the use of spectral unmixing algorithms for estimating endmembers abundance values in the pixel. The spectral matching techniques are analogous to supervised pattern recognition approaches, and try to estimate some similarity between spectral signatures of the pixel and reference target. In this paper, we propose a spectral matching approach by combining two schemes—variable interval spectral average (VISA) method and spectral curve matching (SCM) method. The VISA method helps to detect transient spectral features at different scales of spectral windows, while the SCM method finds a match between these features of the pixel and one of library spectra by least square fitting. Here we also compare the performance of the combined algorithm with other spectral matching techniques using a simulated and the AVIRIS hyperspectral data sets. Our results indicate that the proposed combination technique exhibits a stronger performance over the other methods in the classification of both the pure and mixed class pixels simultaneously. 相似文献
7.
Dengsheng Lu Emilio Moran Scott Hetrick 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(3):298-306
Mapping and monitoring impervious surface dynamic change in a complex urban-rural frontier with medium or coarse spatial resolution images is a challenge due to the mixed pixel problem and the spectral confusion between impervious surfaces and other non-vegetation land covers. This research selected Lucas do Rio Verde County in Mato Grosso State, Brazil as a case study to improve impervious surface estimation performance by the integrated use of Landsat and QuickBird images and to monitor impervious surface change by analyzing the normalized multitemporal Landsat-derived fractional impervious surfaces. This research demonstrates the importance of two-step calibrations. The first step is to calibrate the Landsat-derived fraction impervious surface values through the established regression model based on the QuickBird-derived impervious surface image in 2008. The second step is to conduct the normalization between the calibrated 2008 impervious surface image with other dates of impervious surface images. This research indicates that the per-pixel based method overestimates the impervious surface area in the urban-rural frontier by 50%-60%. In order to accurately estimate impervious surface area, it is necessary to map the fractional impervious surface image and further calibrate the estimates with high spatial resolution images. Also normalization of the multitemporal fractional impervious surface images is needed to reduce the impacts from different environmental conditions, in order to effectively detect the impervious surface dynamic change in a complex urban-rural frontier. The procedure developed in this paper for mapping and monitoring impervious surface area is especially valuable in urban-rural frontiers where multitemporal Landsat images are difficult to be used for accurately extracting impervious surface features based on traditional per-pixel based classification methods as they cannot effectively handle the mixed pixel problem. 相似文献
8.
Remote sensing offers a potential tool for large scale environmental surveying and monitoring. However, remote observations of coral reefs are difficult especially due to the spatial and spectral complexity of the target compared to sensor specifications as well as the environmental implications of the water medium above. The development of sensors is driven by technological advances and the desired products. Currently, spaceborne systems are technologically limited to a choice between high spectral resolution and high spatial resolution, but not both. The current study explores the dilemma of whether future sensor design for marine monitoring should prioritise on improving their spatial or spectral resolution. To address this question, a spatially and spectrally resampled ground-level hyperspectral image was used to test two classification elements: (1) how the tradeoff between spatial and spectral resolutions affects classification; and (2) how a noise reduction by majority filter might improve classification accuracy. The studied reef, in the Gulf of Aqaba (Eilat), Israel, is heterogeneous and complex so the local substrate patches are generally finer than currently available imagery. Therefore, the tested spatial resolution was broadly divided into four scale categories from five millimeters to one meter. Spectral resolution resampling aimed to mimic currently available and forthcoming spaceborne sensors such as (1) Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) that is characterized by 25 bands of 6.5 nm width; (2) VENμS with 12 narrow bands; and (3) the WorldView series with broadband multispectral resolution. Results suggest that spatial resolution should generally be prioritized for coral reef classification because the finer spatial scale tested (pixel size < 0.1 m) may compensate for some low spectral resolution drawbacks. In this regard, it is shown that the post-classification majority filtering substantially improves the accuracy of all pixel sizes up to the point where the kernel size reaches the average unit size (pixel < 0.25 m). However, careful investigation as to the effect of band distribution and choice could improve the sensor suitability for the marine environment task. This in mind, while the focus in this study was on the technologically limited spaceborne design, aerial sensors may presently provide an opportunity to implement the suggested setup. 相似文献
9.
提出了基于支持向量机（support vector machine,SVM）的高光谱遥感图像亚像元定位方法。全变分（total variation,TV）模型是经典的保边缘平滑滤波器,本文将其引入作为预处理,来提高混合像元分解及亚像元定位的精度;本文方法在训练和检验样本的构建过程中,依据空间相关性理论,同时考虑了中心像元及其邻近像元丰度值对亚像元类别归属的影响;在监督分类训练和检验过程中,通过剔除纯净像元来缩减样本数量,在保证算法准确性的同时提高了效率。对真实高光谱遥感数据进行了实验,主观评价和定量分析验证了本文方法的有效性。 相似文献
10.
Cross-sensor calibration between Ikonos and Landsat ETM+ for spectral mixture analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Conghe Song 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2004,1(4):272-276
Spectral mixture analysis is an algorithm that is developed to overcome the weakness in traditional land-use/land-cover (LULC) classification where each picture element (pixel) from remote sensing is assigned to one and only one LULC type. In reality, a remotely sensed signal from a pixel is often a spectral mixture from several LULC types. Spectral mixture analysis can derive subpixel proportions for the endmembers from remotely sensed data. However, one frequently faces the problem in determining the spectral signatures for the endmembers. This study provides a cross-sensor calibration algorithm that enables us to obtain the endmember signatures from an Ikonos multispectral image for spectral mixture analysis using Landsat ETM+ images. The calibration algorithm first converts the raw digital numbers from both sensors into at-satellite reflectance. Then, the Ikonos at-satellite reflectance image is degraded to match the spatial resolution of the Landsat ETM+ image. The histograms at the same spatial resolution from the two images are matched, and the signatures from the pure pixels in the Ikonos image are used as the endmember signatures. Validation of the spectral mixture analysis indicates that the simple algorithm works effectively. The algorithm is not limited to Ikonos and Landsat sensors. It is, in general, applicable to spectral mixture analysis where a high spatial resolution sensor and a low spatial resolution sensor with similar spectral resolutions are available as long as images collected by the two sensors are close in time over the same place. 相似文献
11.
T. Ch. Malleswara Rao G. Jai Sankar T. Roopesh Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(2):191-200
The focus of this work is on developing a new hierarchical hybrid Support Vector Machine (SVM) method to address the problems
of classification of multi or hyper spectral remotely sensed images and provide a working technique that increases the classification
accuracy while lowering the computational cost and complexity of the process. The paper presents issues in analyzing large
multi/hyper spectral image data sets for dimensionality reduction, coping with intra pixel spectral variations, and selection
of a flexible classifier with robust learning process. Experiments conducted revealed that a computationally cheap algorithm
that uses Hamming distance between the pixel vectors of different bands to eliminate redundant bands was quite effective in
helping reduce the dimensionality. The paper also presents the concept of extended mathematical morphological profiles for
segregating the input pixel vectors into pure or mixed categories which will enable further computational cost reductions.
The proposed method’s overall classification accuracy is tested with IRS data sets and the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging
Spectroradiometer Indian Pines hyperspectral benchmark data set and presented. 相似文献
12.
On the Performance Evaluation of Pan-Sharpening Techniques 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Qian Du Younan N.H. King R. Shah V.P. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(4):518-522
The limitations of the currently existing pan-sharpening quality indices are analyzed: the absolute difference between pixel values, mean shifting, and dynamic range change is frequently used as spatial fidelity measurement, but they may not correlate well with the actual change of image content; and spectral angle is a widely used metric for spectral fidelity, but the spectral angle remains the same if two vectors are multiplied by two individual constants, which means the average spectral angle between two multispectal images is zero even if pixel vectors are multiplied by different constants. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the quality of a pan-sharpened image under a task of its practical use and to assess spectral fidelity in the context of an image. In this letter, three data analysis techniques in linear unmixing, detection, and classification are applied to evaluate spectral information within a spatial scene context. It is demonstrated that those old but simplest approaches, i.e., Brovey and multiplicative (or after straightforward adjustment) methods, can generally yield acceptable data analysis results. Thus, it is necessary to consider the tradeoff between computational complexity, actual improvement on application, and hardware implementation when developing a pan-sharpening method. 相似文献
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14.
针对高光谱图像分类中对光谱信息利用不足的问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络在光谱域开展的分类算法。该算法通过构建五层网络结构,逐像素对光谱信息开展分析,将全光谱段集合作为输入,利用神经网络展开代价函数值的计算,实现对光谱特征的提取与分类。实验中采用三组高光谱遥感影像数据进行对比分析,以India Pines数据集为例,提出的基于卷积神经网络的分类方法的分类正确率达到90.16%,比RBF-SVM方法高出2.56%,相比三种传统的深度学习方法高出1%~3%,训练速度也较为理想。实验结果表明,本文所提出的算法充分利用了高光谱图像中逐像素点的光谱域信息,能够有效提高分类正确率。与传统学习算法相比,在较少训练样本的情况下,更能发挥其良好的分类性能。 相似文献
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16.
以胶州湾及周边海岸带为研究区，采用Landsat 7 ETM+数据，提出一种基于à trous小波变换的全色图像和多光谱图像融合改进算法。对全色图像和多光谱图像进行适当层数的小波分解，多光谱图像的低频部分采用全色图像和其低频分量的比来调制； 最高分解层外的其余分解层采用多光谱图像和全色图像在该层分解系数的加权和，加权系数由局部区域能量比来确定； 最高分解层则采用绝对值最大准则。实验表明，该方法得到的图像可提高空间分辨率，对多光谱图像的光谱信息扭曲也较小，为提高海岸带地物分类和信息提取精度奠定了基础。 相似文献
17.
传统的混合像元分解算法认为每个像元都包含图像中所能提取的全部端元组分，但这并不符合实际情况。实际上图像中大多数混合像元仅由少部分端元混合而成。由于端元提取精度及噪声的影响，采用全部端元对混合像元进行分解，会使得混合像元中实际并不存在的端元的丰度估计值不为零，分解结果存在较大误差。由于混合像元大多存在于不同地物的交界处，基于此，本文提出了一种结合图像的空间信息选取混合像元最优端元子集的方法。利用一个空间结构元素，从混合像元的附近邻域开始搜索，将搜索到的纯净像元光谱与所提取的图像端元光谱进行对比，并确定混合像元的端元子集进行分解。根据RMSE大小和变化情况，逐步扩大结构元素的大小，不断调整搜索范围，直至得到最优端元组合。模拟数据和真实数据的试验结果表明，该方法相比传统的全端元光谱分解方法，在总体上获得了更好的分解效果。 相似文献
18.
一种简单加入空间关系的实用图像分类方法 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
遥感图像分类是遥感图像处理的一项基本内容，也是遥感应用中关键的一步。为了提高分类的精度，一方面是对光谱信息的合理利用；另一方面，可以加入新的信息源，即进行多源数据处理，并加入地学知识，尤其是对空间信息的利用是至关重要的。但是由于地学知识的复杂性及空间信息利用的难度以及数据源的限制，尚无公认的实用方法。该文提出了一种简单加入空间关系的分类方法，在没有其它数据源的情况下，利用空间关系特性，在分类中构造两个空间关系波段，实现空间约束，部分消除仅依赖光谱数据分类而引起的同物异谱和同谱异物造成的分类错误。简单实用，同时也验证了空间关系在分类中的重要性。 相似文献
19.
A framework of region-based spatial relations for non-overlapping features and its application in object based image analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Yu Liu Qinghua Guo Maggi Kelly 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2008,63(4):461-475
Object based image analysis (OBIA) is an approach increasingly used in classifying high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Object based image classifiers first segment an image into objects (or image segments), and then classify these objects based on their attributes and spatial relations. Numerous algorithms exist for the first step of the OBIA process, i.e. image segmentation. However, less research has been conducted on the object classification part of OBIA, in particular the spatial relations between objects that are commonly used to construct rules for classifying image objects and refining classification results. In this paper, we establish a context where objects are areal (not points or lines) and non-overlapping (we call this “single-valued” space), and propose a framework of binary spatial relations between segmented objects to aid in object classification. In this framework, scale-dependent “line-like objects” and “point-like objects” are identified from areal objects based on their shapes. Generally, disjoint and meet are the only two possible topological relations between two non-overlapping areal objects. However, a number of quasi- topological relations can be defined when the shapes of the objects involved are considered. Some of these relations are fuzzy and thus quantitatively defined. In addition, we define the concepts of line-like objects (e.g. roads) and point-like objects (e.g. wells), and develop the relations between two line-like objects or two point-like objects. For completeness, cardinal direction relations and distance relations are also introduced in the proposed context. Finally, we implement the framework to extract roads and moving vehicles from an aerial photo. The promising results suggest that our methods can be a valuable tool in defining rules for object based image analysis. 相似文献
20.
Pixel-based or texture-based classification technique individually does not yield an appropriate result in classifying the high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery since it comprises textured and non-textured regions. In this study, Hölder exponents (HE) and variance (VAR) are used together to transform the image for measuring texture. A threshold is derived to segment the transformed image into textured and non-textured regions. Subsequently, the original image is extracted into textured and non-textured regions using this segmented image mask. Afterward, extracted textured region is classified using ISODATA classification algorithm considering HE, VAR, and intensity values of individual pixel of textured region. And extracted non-textured region of the image is classified using ISODATA classification algorithm. In case of non-textured region, HE and VAR value of individual pixel is not considered for classification for significant textural variation is not found among different classes. Consequently, the classified outputs of non-textured and textured regions that are generated independently are merged together to get the final classified image. IKONOS 1 m PAN images are classified using the proposed algorithm, and the classification accuracy is more than 88%. 相似文献