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1.
Correspondence analysis and fuzzy C-means cluster methods were used to divide the stratigraphy of heavy mineral assemblages,
and the sediment sources and depositional dynamics of the environment reconstructed. The assemblages were taken from marine
sediments from the late Pleistocene to the Holocene in Core Q43 situated on the outer shelf of the East China Sea. Based on
the variable boundaries of the mineral assemblage at 63 and 228 cmbsf (cm below sea floor), the core might have previously
been divided into three sediment strata marked with units I, II and III, which would be consistent with the divided sediment
stratum of the core using minor element geochemistry. The downcore distribution of heavy minerals divided the sedimentary
sequence into three major units, which were further subdivided into four subunits. The interval between 0 and 63 cmbsf of
the core (unit I), which spans the Holocene and the uppermost late Pleistocene, is characterized by a hornblende-epidote-pyroxene
assemblage, and contains relatively a smaller amount of schistic mineral and authigenic pyrite. In comparison, the interval
between 63 and 228 cmbsf (unit II), is representative of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and features a hornblende-epidote-magnetite-ilmenite
assemblage containing the highest concentrations of heavy minerals and opaque minerals. However, the interval between 228
and 309 cmbsf (unit III), which spans the subinterglacial period, is characterized by a hornblende-authigenic-pyrite-mica
assemblage. Relative ratios of some heavy minerals can be used as tracers of clastic sediment sources. The lower part of the
sediment core shows the highest magnetite/ilmenite ratio and relatively high hornblende/augite and hornblende/epidote ratios.
The middle core shows the highest hornblende/augite and hornblende/epidote ratios, and the lowest magnetite/ilmenite ratio.
The upper part exhibits a slightly higher magnetite/ilmenite ratio, and also the lowest hornblende/augite and hornblende/epidote
ratios. The distribution of the mineral ratio is consistent with stratigraphic division in heavy mineral data using correspondence
analysis and fuzzy C-means clustering. Variations in heavy mineral association and mineral ratio in core Q43 revealed changes
in provenance and depositional environment of the southern outer shelf of the East China Sea since the late Pleistocene, well
corresponding to interglacial and glacial cycles. 相似文献
2.
石柱子花岗闪长岩体形成于晚侏罗－早白垩世，岩石属钙碱系列，形成于造山带或岛弧构造环境。岩体的副矿物组合及矿物组合标型研究表明，锆石－磷灰石－锐钛矿（金红石）．锆石－锐钛矿（金红石）．锆石－磷灰石－榍石－金红石（锐钛矿）等３种副矿物组合类型；黄铁矿－黄铜矿－斑铜矿（黝铜矿）－重晶石，黄铁矿－黄铜矿，黄铜矿－方铅矿－重晶石，黄铁矿－黄铜矿－重晶石，黄铁矿－黄铜矿－辉钼矿，黄铁矿－白钨矿，黄铁矿－重晶石等７种矿石矿物组合类型，可作为本区寻找斑岩铜矿的矿物组合标志。 相似文献
3.
In order to understand the mechanism(s) of gold precipitation in the anorthosite- hosted Sangchon gold deposits in the Hadong area, Korea, chemical speciation and reaction path calculations were accomplished by geochemical modeling.The modeling consisted of three- step procedures: reaction with anorthosite, then the simple cooling of the reacted fluid,and finally the boiling of metalliferous fluid. The principal vein minerals of the Sangchon deposits consist of quartz, sericite,kaolinite, pyrite, galena, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and acanthite. The sulfide mineralization is typically zoned from pyrite (preferentially at vein margins) to galena and sphalerite (toward vein center). Electrum is intimately associated with pyrite + chalcopyrite and sphalerite. By comparing the results of modeling with the observed mineral assemblages and paragenesis,the most appropriate evolution path of ore fluids was suggested as follow: reaction of a single fluid with anorthosite at 300℃,then the isobaric cooling of the fluid at temperatures from 2500° to 100℃3 , and then the boiling and cooling of the fluid due to the decrease of pressure and temperature. Calculations also show that all of the observed alteration minerals formed due to fluid - anorthosite interaction at early period, whereas most of sulfides and electrum were precipitated mainly due to cooling.The abundance of gold in veins depends critically on the ratio of total base metals plus iron to sulfide in the aqueous phase,because gold is transported as Au(HS)2- whose solubility is very sensitive to the sulfide activity. Our results of geochemical modeling generally fit to the observed mineral assemblages and mineral composition, indicating the usefulness of numerical simulation for elucidating the genesis of gold deposits. 相似文献
4.
作者通过对胶东地区太古宙变质岩详细的野外工作和室内研究,用角闪石环带及共生矿物组合两种方法确定了该区变质作用的pTt轨迹。并认为,搞清该区的构造序列、变质作用和岩浆作用期次、生长环带与扩散环带的判别标志都很重要。这对研究和确定胶东地区早期地壳的热演化史和构造形变史都具有重要的意义。 相似文献
5.
根据佛坪地区广泛出露的一套副变质岩系的岩石组合、矿物组合、变质相特征和岩石地球化学特征的分析,认为它们是一套中深变质的碎屑岩－泥质岩－碳酸盐岩建造。原岩形成于相对稳定的大陆边缘－微板块内的陆表海环境。经过角闪岩相区域变质作用,形成了佛坪地区较为完整的孔兹岩系 相似文献
6.
7.
二郎坪群主体为一套变质火山岩，夹有少量的变泥砂岩和大理岩。普遍发生了绿片岩相一角闪岩相的变质作用。矿物共生组合及矿物世代关系表明存在两期矿物共生组合，早期以阳起石＋斜长石为代表，晚期以蓝绿色角门石＋斜长石为代表。温压测量结果表明，从早期到晚期变质反应的ＰＴ条件由低温低压向较高温高压演化。利用角闪石环带确定的ＰＴ轨迹为逆时针方向。 相似文献
8.
我国是铁矿石资源进口大国,通过分析不同产地进口铁矿石的矿物学特征,可以为铁矿石原产地分析及固体废物属性鉴定提供参考依据。以11个常见进口国一级铁矿石样品为研究对象,综合运用偏光显微镜、X射线荧光光谱法（XRF）以及黄铁矿、磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析等方法,查明了各国铁矿石的元素组成和矿物组合特征,探究了不同产地铁矿石形成的地质环境。X射线荧光光谱分析表明铁矿石样品主要元素为Fe,O,其次为Si,Ca,Al,Mn,Tb,Ti,Mg,P,S,不同国别铁矿石元素含量存在差异。偏光显微镜光片鉴定表明铁矿石样品不仅矿物类型上存在差异,而且在副矿物种类和含量、结构构造等方面存在差别,这些差异性特征可以作为铁矿石产地判别的依据。磁铁矿微区原位微量元素的成因类型判别结果显示,澳大利亚磁铁矿主要为BIF建造型,而缅甸、老挝为矽卡岩型。采用多种技术表征不同产地铁矿石样品的矿物组成、元素含量、矿相组成、矿物形成环境的差异性,揭示了不同产地铁矿石样品的矿物学特征,对进口铁矿石质量的识别、管控和产地溯源具有重要意义。 相似文献
9.
ASTER数据的斑岩铜矿典型蚀变矿物组合信息提取方法 ——以秘鲁南部阿雷基帕省斑岩铜矿区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用美国地质勘查局(USGS)波谱数据库,重建了斑岩铜矿典型蚀变带主要蚀变矿物在ASTER卫星数据对应的反射率曲线,综合分析了主要蚀变矿物的波谱曲线特征,建立了ASTER数据B1、B4、B6、B7和B1、B3、B4、B8主成分分析模型,分别提取典型蚀变带中泥化-绢英岩化类和青磐岩化蚀变矿物组合信息,并以秘鲁南部阿雷基帕省斑岩铜矿区为例,利用研发的技术方法,分别提取了研究区白(绢)云母、高岭石、蒙脱石、明矾石和伊利石等泥化-绢英岩化类蚀变矿物组合信息,绿泥石、绿帘石和方解石等青磐岩化蚀变矿物组合信息。同时结合区域化探资料开展了斑岩铜矿靶区遥感综合找矿预测,经高分辨卫星图像验证,与已知斑岩铜矿床对比表明,本文的方法具有较好的效果。 相似文献
10.
刘城先 《地球科学与环境学报》1999,21(2):12
河东金矿床矿体呈完整、连续的透镜体,具有典型的中温热液矿物组合和围岩蚀变分带特征。区内金矿床矿石同位素组成特征表明,成矿物质来源于胶东群。从成矿溶液组分与性质、金的迁移与富集以及多阶段成矿过程等方面探讨了该矿床的成矿机理,矿床属中温岩浆热液裂隙充填交代型金矿床 相似文献
11.
To decipher the sedimentary evolution and environmental changes since the late Last Deglaciation, two gravity cores were analyzed from the western North Yellow Sea (NYS). The two cores (B-L44 and B-U35) were sampled for grain size, clay minerals, detrital minerals, and 14C dating. They are comparable in lithofaies, and the observed succession was divided into four depositional units based on lithology and mineral assemblages, which recorded the postglacial transgression. Depositional unit 4 (DU 4) (before 11.5 ka) was characterized with enrichment in sand, and was interpreted as nearshore deposits in shallow water during the Younger Dryas Event. DU 3 (11.5-9.6 ka) displayed a fining-upward succession composed of sediments from local rivers, such as the Huanghe (Yellow) River, and from coastal erosion, which clearly were related to the Early Holocene transgression. Stable muddy deposition (DU 2) in NYS began to form at about 9.6 ka, which received direct supply of fine materials from the Shandong subaqueous clinoform. It is believed that the Yellow Sea circulation system played a major role in controlling the formation of fine sediment deposition in DU 1 (after 6.4 ka) after the sea level maximum. 相似文献
12.
Zhao Donglin 《地球科学与环境学报》1997,(2)
根据矿物包裹和替代关系以及共生组合规律，北秦岭官坡地区柯石英榴辉岩的变质作用演化可划分为５个阶段，即前榴辉岩相的绿帘角闪岩相、榴辉岩相、后榴辉岩相的角闪岩相、绿帘角闪岩相和绿片岩相。Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素定年显示，北秦岭柯石英榴辉岩于４００±１６Ｍａ沿朱夏断裂被推覆上升，Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹的地球动力学成因可能与扬子和华北陆块间的俯冲－碰撞作用有关。 相似文献
13.
Evaluation of spatial-temporal variability of species composition and diversity in oceanic ecosystems is not easy because it is usually difficult to obtain sufficient data quantifying such variability.In this study,we examined pelagic species diversity indicators,species richness,Shannon-Wiener index of diversity and Hurlbert’s species evenness,for fish assemblages from two areas(north and south) in the North Pacific Ocean(2°±12°N,178°E±165°W) during May±July 2008.The assemblages were based on data collected by an onboard scientific observer during a commercial longline fishing trip.The species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of fish assemblages in the northern area were slightly higher than those in the southern area,although these differences were not significant(t test,P.0.05).Non-parametric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarities indicated that there were significant differences in fish assemblages between the two areas(P,0.01). 相似文献
14.
根据砂岩岩石薄片、石英阴极发光和重矿物组合分析,结合沉积构造及地震解释成果,对塔里木盆地库车坳陷东部上三叠统—中侏罗统物源体系及其演化进行详细分析,确定了物源方向及母岩性质。结果表明:塔里木盆地库车坳陷东部上三叠统—中侏罗统物源主要来自北部南天山造山带物源区,以岩浆岩和变质岩母岩为主,兼有少量沉积岩物源的影响。其中,塔里奇克组砂岩中陆源碎屑岩岩屑含量较高,阴极发光条件下不发光石英含量较高,重矿物组合具有高锆石、白钛矿和磁铁矿含量以及低石榴子石含量的特征,母岩可能为上奥陶统—上三叠统早期沉积;阿合组及阳霞组砂岩中岩浆岩岩屑含量升高,重矿物组合以较高的石榴子石含量为特征,阴极发光条件下石英主要为蓝紫色及棕褐色发光,其母岩主要来自二叠系及其下伏地层;克孜勒努尔组及恰克马克组砂岩中变质岩岩屑含量明显升高,石榴子石含量极高,阴极发光条件下棕褐色发光石英含量增多,表明变质岩母岩的影响增强。晚三叠世—中侏罗世,研究区物源区母岩演化具有明显规律性,即晚三叠世受较多沉积岩母岩影响,早侏罗世岩浆岩母岩供给增多,中侏罗世以变质岩母岩为主。晚三叠世,库车坳陷东部南天山造山带大幅抬升,导致大量变质岩母岩卷入造山带遭受剥蚀;早—中侏罗世,南天山造山带中段构造活动具有东西分段的特点,吐格尔明30团剖面以东早侏罗世砂岩率先具有高石榴子石含量的特点,而西部地区中侏罗世砂岩才大量出现石榴子石,表明南天山造山带中段的虎拉山及额尔宾山在早侏罗世隆升-剥蚀强烈,而哈尔克山在中侏罗世才进入强烈抬升期。 相似文献
15.
The spatio-temporal patterns of macrofaunal fouling assemblages were quantitatively investigated in the nearshore waters of the South China Sea. The work was undertaken by deploying seasonal panels at two sites (H-site, L-site) for one year, and the fouling communities on the panels were examined and analyzed. The results indicated that species composition of assemblages was obviously different between the two sites. At both sites the assemblages were characteristic with solitary dominant species throughout the year, with Amphibalanus reticulates dominating at H-site and Hydroides elegans at L-site. Shannon index and biomass of the assemblages varied with depth and season at both sites. At H-site the total biomass in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter, while at L-site the assemblage biomass also differed significantly among the four seasons, and the greatest biomass occurred at the depth of 2.0 m in winter. The abundance of all seasonal samples in non-metric multidimensional scaling was clustered as one group at L-site and three groups at H-site. The environmental factors were more likely to be related to the variation of fouling assemblages. Furthermore, it also suggests that in tropical seas the integrated adaptability would qualify a species for dominating a fouling assemblage despite its short life cycle, rather than the usually assumed only species with long life span. This study reveals the complexity and characteristic dynamics of macrofaunal fouling assemblages in the tropical habitats, and the results would provide valuable knowledge for biodiversity and antifouling research. 相似文献
16.
DONG Linsen SHI Xuefa LIU Yanguang FANG Xisheng CHEN Zhihua WANG Chunjuan ZOU Jianjun HUANG Yuanhui 《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(3):192-203
Mineralogical analysis was performed on bulk sediments of 79 surface samples using X-ray diffraction. The analytical results, combined with data on ocean currents and the regional geological background, were used to investigate the mineral sources. Mineral assemblages in sediments and their distribution in the study area indicate that the material sources are complex. （1） Feldspar is abundant in the sediments of the middle Chukchi Sea near the Bering Strait, originating from sediments in the Anadyr River carried by the Anadyr Current. Sediments deposited on the western side of the Chukchi Sea are rich in feldspar. Compared with other areas, sediments in this region are rich in hornblende transported from volcanic and sedimentary rocks in Siberia by the Anadyr Stream and the Siberian Coastal Current. Sediments in the eastern Chukchi Sea are rich in quartz sourced from sediments of the Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers carried by the Alaska Coastal Current. Sediments in the northern Chukchi Sea are rich in quartz and carbonates from the Mackenzie River sediments. （2） Sediments of the southern and central Canada Basin contain little calcite and dolomite, mainly due to the small impact of the Beaufort Gyre carrying carbonates from the Canadian Arctic Islands. Compared with other areas, the mica content in the region is high, implying that the Laptev Sea is the main sediment source for the southern and central Canada Basin. In the other deep sea areas, calcite and dolomite levels are high caused by the input of large amounts of sediment carried by the Beaufort Gyre from the Canadian Arctic Islands （Banks and Victoria）. The Siberian Laptev Sea also provides small amounts of sediment for this region. Furthermore, the Atlantic mid-water contributes some fine-grained material to the entire deep western Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
17.
Zooplankton spatial and diurnal variations in the Changjiang River estuary before operation of the Three Gorges Dam 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Estuarine plankton communities can serve as indicators of ecosystem modification in response to anthropogenic influences. The main objectives of this study were to describe the spatial distribution and diurnal variability in zooplankton abundance and biomass over almost entire salinity gradient of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary and to provide a background reference for future studies. To accomplish this, data were collected from 29 stations in the estuary from May 19 to 26, 2003, including two anchor stations. The spatial and diurnal variations in zooplankton characteristics, i.e. abundance, biomass, and gross taxonomic composition, were examined. Generally, both the abundance and biomass gradually increased seaward and presented distinct spatial variations. In addition, the spatial data revealed a significant correlation between abundance and biomass; however, there was no significant correlation between abundance and biomass for the diurnal data. Although the zooplankton composition indicated distinct spatial differences in terms of dominant groups, copepods accounted for >50% of the total zooplankton abundance in most regions and times. Three zooplankton assemblages were recognized through hierarchical cluster analysis. These assemblages existed along the salinity gradient from fresh water to seawater, and their positions coincided with those of the three principal water masses in the estuary. The assemblages were classified as: (1) true estuarine, (2) estuarine and marine, and (3) euryhaline marine, which were characterized by the copepods Sinocalanus dorrii, Labidocera euchaeta, and Calanus sinicus, respectively. Both spatial and diurnal data indicated that there was no significant correlation between zooplankton abundance/biomass and depth-integrated phytoplankton abundance. 相似文献
18.
通过对延长油矿延223井晚古生代孢粉组合研究以及古植被的恢复,探讨了该区晚古生代孢粉植物化石组合的地层学和古气候意义。根据孢粉化石主要属种的时代分布及其在各样品中百分含量的规律性变化,自下而上建立了3个孢粉组合:Gulisporites cochlearius-Laevigatosporites minimus组合、Sinulatisporites-Florinites组合和Lueckeisporites permianus-Platysaccus radialis组合。根据对划分孢粉组合的特征分析,通过与邻区及华北地区晚古生代孢粉组合的对比,探讨了孢粉组合的时代意义。通过孢粉组合,推测了相应时期的古植被类型,并与前人在相同地质时期所建立的大植物化石带进行了对比,分析了各地质时期植被的兴起、发展、繁盛以及衰退绝灭的历史过程,研究区二叠纪植物群属于典型的华夏植物群,反映了一种温暖潮湿的热带雨林气候,二叠纪晚期随着松柏类植物所占比例的增加,气候有变干旱的趋势。 相似文献
19.
Diagenetic control of magnetic susceptibility variation in Core MD98-2172 from the Eastern Timor Sea
Detailed mineral magnetic measurements, integrated with grain-size distribution and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, were
made on the marine sediments of Core MD98-2172, retrieved from the Eastern Timor Sea. Values of magnetic susceptibility in
this core drop sharply down-core from ∼3.85 m deep below sediment/water interface and are very low at ∼5.35 m. However, both
XRD and grain-size distribution results show no sudden change in terrigenous input during sedimentation. Mineral magnetic
results indicate that the depth of ∼3.85 m may be an oxic/anoxic boundary. Therefore, the sediments below ∼3.85 m have been
subjected to intense reductive diagenesis, whereas the sediments above ∼3.85 m are seldom affected. The magnetic properties
of the sediments shallower than 3.85 m are dominated by pseudo-single domain (PSD) magnetite, with little down-core variation
in its content and grain size. Below ∼3.85 m, the magnetic mineral assemblages that have survived in the sediments may record
different stages of the reductive diagenesis: (1) the sediments from the 3.85–5.35 m interval are at the stage of iron oxide
reduction; PSD magnetite is the major magnetic contributor, but it becomes less abundant and coarser down-core; (2) the sediments
below ∼5.35 m are at the stage of sulphate reduction; ferrimagnetic minerals almost vanish and paramagnetic minerals contribute
to down-core susceptibility variations, including pyrite as evidenced by high-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements.
However, the susceptibility variations below ∼5.35 m of Core MD98-2172 show obvious periodicity, despite the intense effect
of reductive diagenesis. Furthermore, the down-core susceptibility variations are coincident with fluctuations in the quantity
of fine detrital particles (<8 μm), which may come mainly from the advection of the Indonesia Throughflow (ITF) and/or river
input from Timor. Therefore, for Core MD98-2172, susceptibility variation below ∼5.35 m, which potentially correspond to fluctuations
in the quantity of fine particles, may record the histories of the development of the ITF and precipitation on Timor. 相似文献
20.
为了探讨莺歌海盆地泥底辟带的高温热事件与储层成岩作用的关系,以泥底辟带的形成、演化特征为切入点,通过薄片、探针、流体组分及包裹体等资料寻找泥底辟带与底辟事件相关热流体活动存在的依据,总结分析了其形成期次,研究了与热流体活动有关的主要成岩作用。研究结果表明,泥底辟带储层中存在高温矿物组合,地层水中的钙、镁离子质量浓度和天然气中的二氧化碳体积分数均高于非泥底辟带;包裹体测试古地温高于现今温度,古地温的分布及其中的流体成分显示热液活动具有期次性;泥底辟带较非泥底辟带,地层水中二氧化碳溶蚀长石、碳酸盐等物质生成的K+、Ca2+和HCO-3质量浓度高;长石溶孔、粒间溶孔和铸模孔等次生孔隙发育,占总孔隙比例较高,溶蚀作用较强;泥底辟带储层中的碳酸盐岩胶结物体积分数高,胶结作用相对发育;泥底辟带主要存在3期热流体活动,与之有关的影响储层质量的成岩作用主要有溶蚀作用和胶结作用。 相似文献