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1.
扎格罗斯盆地是我国油气公司海外勘探的重要区域。基于最新油气田资料,系统分析了盆地的油气地质特征,总结了油气分布规律,并探讨了其主控因素。结果表明扎格罗斯盆地主要发育志留系、三叠系、侏罗系和白垩系四套主力烃源岩及古近系次要烃源岩,其中白垩系烃源岩贡献最大。碳酸盐岩是盆地的主要储层类型,从二叠系至中新统均有分布,其中上白垩统班吉斯坦(Bangestan)群和渐新统-下中新统阿斯马里组(Asmari)是主力产层;碎屑岩为次要储层,大部分位于土耳其境内的托罗斯褶皱带内。受造山运动挤压褶皱作用控制,盆地主要发育背斜构造圈闭,且油气总体上表现出垂向运移的特征。分析认为迪兹富勒坳陷、基尔库克坳陷和帕卜德赫坳陷蕴含了盆地绝大多数的油气资源,且新生界和白垩系的油气最为富集,其分布规律主要受控于烃源岩展布、圈闭分布、断层和裂缝发育程度及区域盖层的共同作用。 相似文献
2.
The analysis of Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous marine sections developed in surrounding structures of the Laptev Sea revealed that all of them are composed of terrigenous rocks, which enclose abundant concretions cemented by calcareous material. The Upper Jurassic portion of the section is the most variable in thickness and stratigraphic range of sediments usually including hiatuses. Its Lower Cretaceous part represented by the Boreal Berriasian (=Ryazanian) and lower Valanginian stages is most complete. The Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sections are usually composed of fine-grained rocks (clays and mudstones) in the west and coarser cemented varieties (siltstones and sandstones) with rare mudstone intercalations in the east. Practically all the investigated Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sections include readily recognizable age and facies analogs of the Bazhenovo Formation and Achimov sandstones, which are petroliferous in West Siberia. There are grounds to assume the occurrence of these formations also on the Laptev Sea shelf, which is confirmed by seismic records. Conditions favorable for the formation of potential hydrocarbon reservoirs could exist in the western part of the paleobasin along the Nordvik Peninsula coast and northeastern Tamyr Peninsula margin. Paleotectonic reconstructions presented in this work are well consistent with stratigraphic conclusions. 相似文献
3.
Thamer K. Al-Ameri Mohamed S. A. Jafar Janet Pitman 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(10):3783-3808
1D (Petromod) hydrocarbon charge modeling and source rock characterization of the Lower Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic underlying the prolific Cretaceous and Tertiary reservoirs in the Basra oilfields in southern Iraq. The study is based on well data of the Majnoon, West Qurna, Nahr Umr, Zubair, and Rumaila oil fields. Burial histories indicate complete maturation of Upper Jurassic source rocks during the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene followed by very recent (Neogene) maturation of the Low/Mid Cretaceous succession from early to mid-oil window conditions, consistent with the regional Iraq study of Pitman et al. (Geo Arab 9(4):41–72, 2004). These two main phases of hydrocarbon generation are synchronous with the main tectonic events and trap formation associated with Late Cretaceous closure of the neo-Tethys; the onset of continent–continent collision associated with the Zagros orogeny and Neogene opening of the Gulf of Suez/Red Sea. Palynofacies of the Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy and Lower Yamama Formations and of the Upper Jurassic Najmah/Naokelekan confirm their source rock potential, supported by pyrolysis data. To what extent the Upper Jurassic source rocks contributed to charge of the overlying Cretaceous reservoirs remains uncertain because of the Upper Jurassic Gotnia evaporite seal in between. The younger Cretaceous rocks do not contain source rocks nor were they buried deep enough for significant hydrocarbon generation. 相似文献
4.
川西前陆盆地天然气成藏过程 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
川西前陆盆地具有丰富的天然气资源,发育上三叠统巨厚的煤系烃源岩,以生气为主,并发育多套储盖组合。天然气成因类型主要是煤成气,目前的气田分布主要受古隆起、沟通下部烃源岩和上部储集层的隐伏断层以及储集条件的控制。川西前陆盆地具有多期成藏、燕山期或喜山期聚集、喜山期调整等特点。来自上三叠统煤系源岩的天然气聚集主要在燕山期,形成原生气藏或下生上储型气藏;后经过喜山期的逆冲作用,对浅层储集层进行改造,产生的断裂沟通深部气藏与浅层圈闭,在对深层(主要在上三叠统)原生气藏进行改造的同时形成浅层(侏罗系)次生气藏。 相似文献
5.
通过对沾化凹陷东部主要断裂发育演化的特征和主要地震测线的平衡剖面、伸展率分析,对该地区潜山发育过程及其与盆地演化的关系进行了研究,并就潜山油气成藏的控制因素进行了分析。结果表明,沾化凹陷东部潜山发育可以划分为早—中三叠世、晚三叠世、早—中侏罗世的潜山发育前期,晚侏罗世—白垩纪的潜山发育期,古近纪的潜山改造、定型期和新近纪—第四纪的潜山成藏期,断裂活动是本区潜山形成演化的主控因素。沾化凹陷东部潜山油气成藏主要受控于该区中、新生代盆地的叠合关系,中生代凸起和古近纪凹陷的叠合部位是最有利的潜山油气成藏区,中生代凸起和古近纪凸起的叠合部位不利于潜山成藏,往往形成潜山披覆背斜油气藏。 相似文献
6.
鲁北济阳坳陷沾化凹陷东部潜山的发育及油气成藏控制因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对沾化凹陷东部主要断裂发育演化的特征和主要地震测线的平衡剖面、伸展率分析,对该地区潜山发育过程及其与盆地演化的关系进行了研究,并就潜山油气成藏的控制因素进行了分析.结果表明,沾化凹陷东部潜山发育可以划分为早-中三叠世、晚三叠世、早-中侏罗世的潜山发育前期,晚侏罗世-白垩纪的潜山发育期,古近纪的潜山改造、定型期和新近纪-第四纪的潜山成藏期,断裂活动是本区潜山形成演化的主控因素.沾化凹陷东部潜山油气成藏主要受控于该区中、新生代盆地的叠合关系,中生代凸起和古近纪凹陷的叠合部位是最有利的潜山油气成藏区,中生代凸起和古近纪凸起的叠合部位不利于潜山成藏,往往形成潜山披覆背斜油气藏. 相似文献
7.
根据北乌斯丘尔特盆地主要地质特征和油气聚集规律,并以储集层为核心,在始新统、下白垩统、中侏罗统、下侏罗统和石炭系等储集层内划分出7个成藏组合。然后采用蒙特卡洛模拟法对不同成藏组合中的石油和天然气的待发现可采资源量分别进行模拟计算。结果表明,北乌斯丘尔特盆地待发现可采资源量可达2102 MMboe,其中石油为1201 MMbbl,天然气为5406 Bcf。同时参考对储层、圈闭、运移和保存等成藏要素的地质风险评价结果,应用资源－地质风险概率双因素法进行有利区带的优选。共划分出1个Ⅰ类成藏组合,1个Ⅱb类成藏组合,2个Ⅲ类成藏组合,2个Ⅳa类和1个Ⅳc类成藏组合。综合分析认为盆地西部北布扎奇隆起是最有利的勘探区,中生界的勘探目标主要是发育于隆起北坡及顶部的拉长型断背斜构造,古生界巴什基尔阶和阿赛尔阶碳酸盐岩和礁体储层的勘探潜力也不容忽视。而在盆地东部的局部地区,可能会在始新统和中侏罗统砂岩储层以及石炭系维宪阶碳酸盐岩储层中发现一定量的油气资源。 相似文献
8.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(2):111-117
Afghanistan consists largely of a series of continental fragments that, moving northward, docked and accreted to the southern proto-Asia continent. The tectonization of the accreted terranes is generally severe and petroleum prospects are limited essentially to the 48,000 mi2 (124,000 km2) North Afghanistan basin. This basin represents the Afghan portion of the Turanian platform, plus the orogenic belt around its southern and eastern perimeter. Exploration to date is judged to be preliminary in character, with some 5 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of gas and 80 million barrels of oil being discovered by 1980. There are two types of traps: Mesozoic low-amplitude drapes or tilted fault blocks, and Neogene highamplitude folds. Appreciable reservoirs are limited to three horizons—Upper Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, and Paleogene—of which the Lower Cretaceous is considered to be the best. Source rock is confined largely to the Lower and Middle Jurassic shales. Upper Jurassic evaporites form a barrier between the Jurassic source shales and the Lower Cretaceous reservoirs and Neogene folds. There appear to be five principal plays, and estimated total recoverable petroleum in them is 300 million barrels of oil, 9.6 TCF of gas, and 145 million barrels of condensate. 相似文献
9.
New insights on the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the central Atlasic domain of Tunisia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Geological and geoseismic profiles and well data gathered with field observations from the Atlasic Chain in central Tunisia highlight folded structures, tectonic events, and significant faults. These events controlled basin formation and evolution during successive Mesozoic extensional phases, followed by the tectonic inversion during the Atlasic Orogeny known on a Tethyan scale. The Cretaceous extension is well recorded through deposition, which supplied the normal faults system and influenced sediment distribution and regional subsidence. The major event is the normal slip of the principle inherited fault during the Cretaceous subsidence. The northwestern blocks, which are north of the faults of Mrhila–Trozza–Cherichira and Ballouta and west of the NS axis, correspond to continually subsiding areas of the Upper Cretaceous series. Subsequent faulting reactivated compressional structures such as strike-slips, reverse, and thrust faults during the Tertiary Orogeny which largely affected the Tunisian Atlasic domain. Geological profiles point out the evidence of the Upper Cretaceous emersion of the central Tunisia domain and lateral thickness variation of the series from Jurassic to Quaternary, unconformities, and halokinesis movement. 相似文献
10.
YANG Minghui LI Liang ZHOU Jin JIA Huichong SUN Xiao GONG Ting DING Chao 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1636-1648
The hydrocarbon potential of the Hangjinqi area in the northern Ordos Basin is not well known, compared to the other areas of the basin, despite its substantial petroleum system.Restoration of a depth-converted seismic profile across the Hangjinqi Fault Zone(HFZ) in the eastern Hangjinqi area shows one compression that created anticlinal structures in the Late Triassic, and two extensions in ~Middle Jurassic and Late Early Cretaceous, which were interrupted by inversions in the Late Jurassic–Early Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous, respectively.Hydrocarbon generation at the well locations in the Central Ordos Basin(COB) began in the Late Triassic.Basin modeling of Well Zhao-4 suggests that hydrocarbon generation from the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian coal measures of the northern Shanbei Slope peaked in the Early Cretaceous, predating the inversion in the Late Cretaceous.Most source rocks in the Shanbei Slope passed the main gas-migration phase except for the Hangjinqi area source rocks(Well Jin-48).Hydrocarbons generated from the COB are likely to have migrated northward toward the anticlinal structures and traps along the HFZ because the basin-fill strata are dipping south.Faulting that continued during the extensional phase(Late Early Cretaceous) of the Hangjinqi area probably acted as conduits for the migration of hydrocarbons.Thus, the anticlinal structures and associated traps to the north of the HFZ might have trapped hydrocarbons that were charged from the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian coal measures in the COB since the Middle Jurassic. 相似文献
11.
辽河西部凹陷油气资源非常丰富,通过对己勘探发现的773个油气藏的地质特征参数统计认为,西部凹陷油气藏类型非常丰富,但主要以构造和岩性油气藏为主,且复合油气藏发育,统计表明,近90%的油气藏与断裂有关。油气藏类型受构造带控制作用明显,缓坡带最要以背斜、岩性构造油气藏为主,中央背斜带背斜断块油气藏较为发育,而陡坡带则多为岩性油气藏。沉积相带控油气作用明显,油气藏主要分布在扇三角洲、三角洲和浊积扇相。油气资源在空间上遵循“油气总量平衡模式”,无论在平面上还是层位上,油气资源互补特征性强。研究认为西部凹陷具有生烃洼陷、断裂、异常压力、沉积相带联合控藏的特点。首先沙三段、沙四段有效烃源岩大量发育,资源量极为丰富,为西部凹陷油气富集提供了物质保证,油气藏分布主要受生烃洼陷控制;各组段砂体叠合连片,平面展布连续,具较好的储集能力,也为油气的侧向运移提供的条件;另外东营末期因走滑引起的大量泄压断裂发育,为油气大规模远距离垂向运移提供了可能。 相似文献
12.
本文以鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区上古生界致密砂岩气成藏机理与成藏模式为研究目标,通过测井资料解释、流体包裹体测定和古流体压力恢复等方法,总结了气藏类型与分布特征,分析了其成藏期次、运移动力和输导体系,阐明了形成机理与成藏模式。研究表明,临兴地区上古生界主要含气层位为太原组、山西组和下石盒子组,气藏分布受生储盖组合、构造部位和储层物性控制。临兴地区上古生界主要有2期成藏,中侏罗世为第1期,天然气以CO2为主、含少量气态烃,储层中流体剩余压力较低,裂缝多未切穿石英颗粒,天然气运移速率较低,汇聚成藏规模小;早白垩世为第2期成藏,天然气以甲烷为主、含少量重烃和液态烃,储层中剩余压力较高,裂缝普遍发育并切穿石英颗粒,与断层结合形成了三维网状输导空间网络,流体运移速率大,运移距离长,汇聚面积大,形成了一系列大型气藏,是临兴地区上古生界最主要的成藏期。靠近紫金山岩体的地层,在晚侏罗世到早白垩世期间遭受高压流体的侵入,形成一个以岩体为中心向外逐渐减弱的成藏作用带。临兴地区致密砂岩天然气成藏模式可总结为:“两期成藏、晚期为主;早期非烃,晚期甲烷;超压为主、浮力次之;孔缝为主、断裂为辅;岩性占优、构造偏少”。 相似文献
13.
川西前陆盆地是我国西部典型的前陆盆地,也是我国重要的致密砂岩含气区。盆地上三叠统须家河组二段和四段等渗透层中的流体跨过须家河组三段、五段等不渗透层流入侏罗系自流井组、千佛岩组、沙溪庙组、遂宁组和蓬莱镇组等渗透层,即发生了流体的跨层流动。流体的跨层流动一方面使侏罗系砂岩发生了受酸性水控制的次生溶蚀作用,从而改善了侏罗系的储集条件;另一方面为侏罗系形成天然气藏提供了气源条件。盆地天然气成藏具有烟囱效应、早聚晚藏和异常高压等特征。深盆气是天然气早期聚集在川西前陆盆地上三叠统(主要是须二段和须四段)的基本形式,是后期天然气成藏的基础,本文称之为气库区。天然气藏形成是由地壳隆升作用致使早期聚集的气库区决口,引起流体跨层流动,天然气以速度快、规模大和范围窄的形式运移和聚集,本文称之为爆发式成藏。爆发式成藏形成了上三叠统晚期裂缝重组气藏和侏罗系气藏(并非都是次生气藏)两类气藏。早期天然气聚集和定位地区的确定和评价是今后川西前陆盆地天然气勘探的重点和难点。 相似文献
14.
J. N. Andrews M. J. Youngman J. E. Goldbrunner W. G. Darling 《Environmental Geology》1987,10(1):43-57
The geochemistry of formation waters in the Molasse basin of Upper Austria has been investigated to ascertain the extent of
meteoric water replacement of the connate interstitial fluids in these sediments. The chemistry, isotopic composition, and
dissolved gas contents of the groundwaters and of oil and gas associated brines have been determined. The most superficial
sediments of the basin, the Innviertel (Miocene), have been completely flushed by meteoric waters within the last 200 ka.
The underlying Hall and Puchkirchen formations (Miocene/Oligocene) form gas reservoirs for biogenic methane, and the associated
formation waters are chemically and isotopically modified connate brines of the original marine deposition. In the northeastern
part of the basin, the connate brines of the deeper sediments (Cretaceous/Jurassic) have been partially or completely replaced
by meteoric waters, whereas in the south of the basin these sediments contain high salinity fluids which are substantially
of connate origin. These conclusions are supported by the stable isotope composition of the various brines. Oil-associated
brines from the Eocene sediments contain large amounts of dissolved radiogenic40Ar, which suggests that the oils have migrated from high-temperature environments. This is in contrast with the Puchkirchen,
for which the observed absence of radiogenic40Ar suggests that the biogenic methane has been formed in situ. The4He contents of these brines and of the Cretaceous/Jurassic groundwaters are, however, less than those in the overlying Puchkirchen
formation and suggest that He has been removed from the deeper sediments as a result of flushing by meteoric water. The ratios
of dissolved methane and nitrogen to argon increase with increasing ammonium content of the formation waters. All of these
parameters may be used as indices for the maturation of the system. The heavy noble gases, Kr and Xe, are abnormally abundant
in the dissolved gases, and this is attributed to geochemical concentration of these gases by adsorption onto shales in the
sediment sequence. The overall geochemical situation confirms the existence of separate hydraulic systems with little interconnection
in the several overlying geological horizons. 相似文献
15.
西非海岸盆地群的形成演化受非洲板块构造演化和大西洋张裂的控制,总体上可以分为前裂谷阶段、裂谷阶段和后裂谷阶段。沿岸15个主要盆地从北往南可细分为5段,分别为北段盐盆、中段盆地、尼日尔三角洲、中南段盐盆、南段盆地。深水油气田主要发育于后裂谷阶段的上白垩统和第三系海退层序中,以油田为主。在尼日尔三角洲和中南段盐盆的下刚果盆地,所发现的油气田个数及可采储量均比较集中,个数占西非深水油气田总个数比例分别为55%和29%,占总可采储量的比例分别为48%和41%。烃源岩主要有裂谷阶段下白垩统的湖相烃源岩,后裂谷阶段上白垩统、第三系的海相烃源岩。绝大多数储层为浊积岩储层,类型以深水水道砂岩为主,其次为席状砂储层和砂质碎屑流储层。圈闭类型主要为构造-地层复合圈闭,其次为构造圈闭,另外还有地层-岩性圈闭,其所占比例较小。盐构造和泥岩塑性变形构造总体上控制了西非深水区大多数复合圈闭和构造圈闭的形成。 相似文献
16.
羌塘盆地是一个中—新生代海相残留盆地,泥盆系至侏罗系以海相沉积为主,白垩系至第四系则以陆相沉积为主。分布最广的上三叠统和侏罗系是主要勘探目的层。喜马拉雅运动以来,羌塘盆地的中生代变形格架受到改造。晚白垩世以来至少有过四次强烈活动,走滑、逆冲与伸展三种构造变形形式共存,以逆冲断层和扭压断层占主导,正断层或扭张断层较少分布。断层发育程度是东、西两头强,中间相对较弱,在E89°～E91°中间区块受新构造应力破坏较弱。青藏高原以整体升降为主,羌塘盆地更是相对稳定,其二级夷平面依然平整,位于海拔5200～5300m之间,说明高原在隆升时保持着整体的稳定性。认为羌塘盆地受新生代动力作用的影响不大,仍具有良好的油气勘探潜力。 相似文献
17.
柴达木盆地北缘西段油气成藏机理研究 总被引：22，自引：2，他引：20
柴达木盆地北缘西段是一个以中下侏罗统煤系地层为烃源岩的含油气系统, 产油气层位主要是第三系.逆断层及相关褶皱组合构成柴北缘油气藏的主要圈闭类型.渐新世晚期(E32) 与上新世末到第四纪(N23—Q) 是柴北缘构造变形和圈闭形成的重要时期, 第三系油气成藏也主要发生在这2个关键时期.油藏原油组成和石油包裹体成分分析结果证明第三系油气藏存在不同期次的油气充注历史.下第三系的油气藏存在2期油气充注, 渐新世断层活动破坏侏罗系古油藏并连通侏罗系烃源岩, 导致古油藏中的低成熟石油和侏罗系烃源岩新生的成熟油气沿断层运移到下第三系圈闭中, 构成第1期油气充注; 上新世末到第四纪(N23—Q) 期间, 继续活动的断层导致侏罗系烃源岩高成熟油气沿断层运移到下第三系圈闭中, 形成第2期油气充注.上第三系油气藏主要为一期充注, 即在上新世末到第四纪(N23—Q) 新生断层破坏下第三系油气藏, 部分油气沿断层充注到上第三系合适的圈闭中形成次生油气藏.在柴北缘第三系油气藏形成过程中, 断层起到了重要的控制作用. 相似文献
18.
Khaled R. Arouri David M. McKirdy Lorenz Schwark Detlev Leythaeuser Peter J. Boult 《Organic Geochemistry》2004,35(11-12):1597
The Murteree Ridge is a focus for up-dip migration from two major hydrocarbon kitchens within the intracratonic Cooper (Carboniferous–Triassic) and Eromanga (Jurassic–Cretaceous) Basins of South Australia. The accumulation histories of nine oil fields along and adjacent to the ridge have been reconstructed by sequential solvent extraction and analysis of residual oils in sandstone core plugs from their stacked reservoirs. Four Cretaceous reservoir units received multiple oil charges that varied widely in source affinity, from mostly Jurassic (and/or Cretaceous) to overwhelmingly Permian in origin. The distributions of residual oil saturations in live and palaeo-columns are consistent with the existence of two compartments, with the uppermost pools (Cadna-owie, Murta) showing the highest Permian inputs. These accumulations represent the earliest escape of low-maturity Cooper-sourced oil into overlying Eromanga strata. This initial charge was displaced upwards into the shallower traps by subsequent hydrocarbon pulses. Three separate Permian-charge episodes can be recognised. The corresponding DST oils (0.6–0.7% Rc) represent either the compositional average of all charges to their respective reservoirs, or a continuation of the alternating filling pattern observed for successive charges. Oils in the Hutton (Jurassic) reservoir of the outlying Kerrina and Mudlalee Fields to the northeast appear to be mixtures of two distinct Early Permian oil families, variably co-mingled with locally derived Jurassic and possibly Cambrian hydrocarbons. 相似文献
19.
页岩气储层孔隙结构是页岩气富集成藏、储层评价和优选有利区的关键参数,区分孔隙和喉道是表征页岩气储层孔隙结构的关键。本文选择4块具有不同渗透率的湘西北地区奥陶系五峰组页岩为研究对象,基于恒速压汞实验讨论孔隙和喉道的大小、分布特征及其相互关系以及与渗透率的联系。结果表明:具有不同渗透率的页岩样品表现为较为相近的孔径分布特征但差异较大的喉道分布特征。页岩样品渗透率的大小与孔隙半径没有明显相关关系;喉道大小及其分布特征是控制低渗储层孔隙结构的关键要素之一。渗透率较低页岩样品的喉道以喉道半径小且集中分布为特征,而渗透率较大页岩样品的喉道以喉道半径大呈分散分布但主要以大喉道为特征。喉道特征是研究页岩气储层储集空间和吸附能力的重要部分,在以后对页岩气的勘探开发中应特别注意及重视。 相似文献
20.
论福建坂头组的时代及对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
<正> 坂头组系陈恺(1943)命名,未指定建组剖面,以永安城北坂头村一带的岩性为标准。当时称坂头系,时代为早白垩世。坂头组分布在崇安、永安和泰宁举岚等盆地,宁化、安溪、仙游、古田和霞浦等地亦有零星出露。对坂头组的时代归属存在二种意见:福建省区调队(1976—1985)、原福建石油地质队(1978)、顾知微(1980、1982)、王思恩等(1985)归于 相似文献