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1.
S. F. Dotsenko 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(3):133-141
Within the framework of a nonlinear model of long waves, we present the estimates of the parameters of tsunami waves along
the south coast of the Crimean Peninsula (from Cape Khersones to Cape Meganom) with a space resolution of 2.5 km. The numerical
analysis is carried out for four typical positions of the elliptic zones of generation and the range of magnitudes 6.5–7.5.
We study the space structure of waves and determine the amplitudes and periods of oscillations of the level at 11 points of
the analyzed part of the coastline of the Black Sea.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 3, pp. 3 – 10, May–June, 2005. 相似文献
2.
3.
The numerical analysis of the evolution of tsunamis is performed for the Sea of Azov. Our calculations are carried out on
a grid with steps of 500 m, as applied to seaquakes with magnitudes within the range 6–7 for 18 circular zones of generation
covering almost the entire water area of the sea. It is shown that the oscillations of the sea level in the form of cellular
waves are formed as a result of the wave reflections from the coasts. Small areas of the elevated activity of waves are formed
in the zones of irregularity of the coastline on the north coast of the sea and in the zones of shoals in the southeast part
of the basin. On the basis of the determined values of extreme elevations and lowerings of the sea level, we can make a conclusion
that the tsunami hazard is quite low for the coast of the Sea of Azov. 相似文献
4.
S. F. Dotsenko 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(6):363-369
We perform the numerical analysis of the propagation of tsunamis in the Black Sea from the zones of seismic generation located
to the south of the Crimea and in the northwest part of the sea. It is shown that the tsunamis induced by earthquakes in the
Crimean seismic zone are entrapped by the nearest part of the shelf and do not result in noticeable oscillations of level
in the northwest part of the sea. This enables us to explain the absence of manifestations of tsunamis in 1927, 1939, and
1966 near Odessa. The tsunami waves generated by earthquakes in the northwest part of the sea are characterized by the directivity
of their propagation. The wave height is maximum in the areas corresponding to the north and east directions of propagation.
Hence, the north coast of the sea and the Kalamit Bay (Crimean Peninsula) are characterized by elevated tsunami hazard for
earthquakes occurring in the northwest part of the Black Sea.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 46–53, November–December, 2005. 相似文献
5.
Hirofumi Hinata Satoshi Fujii Keita Furukawa Tomoya Kataoka Masafumi Miyata Takashi Kobayashi Masahiro Mizutani Takahiro Kokai Nobuyoshi Kanatsu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
Signals from the tsunami waves induced by the March 11, 2011 moment magnitude (Mw) 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and from subsequent resonances were detected as radial velocity variability by a high-frequency ocean surface radar (HF radar) installed on the eastern coast of the Kii Channel, at a range of about 1000 km from the epicenter along the eastern to southern coasts of Honshu Island. A time–distance diagram of band-passed (9–200 min) radial velocity along the beam reveals that the tsunami waves propagated from the continental shelf slope to the inner channel as progressive waves for the first three waves, and then natural oscillations were excited by the waves; and that the direction of the tsunami wave propagation and the axis of the natural oscillations differed from that of the radar beam. In addition, spectral analyses of the radial velocities and sea surface heights obtained in the channel and on the continental shelf slope suggest complex natural oscillation modes excited by the tsunami waves. 相似文献
6.
S. F. Dotsenko 《Physical Oceanography》2005,15(4):211-219
Within the framework of the nonlinear theory of long waves, we perform the numerical analysis of the one-dimensional run-up
of solitary tsunami waves upon a plane sloping coast. We study the dependences of the run-up heights on the parameters of
waves at the entrance of the shelf zone and on the slope of the coast. The run-up heights of tsunami waves are estimated for
the bottom topography typical of the south coast of the Crimean Peninsula.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 11–18, July–August, 2005. 相似文献
7.
Inertial oscillations as deep ocean response to hurricanes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We discuss the deep ocean response to passing hurricanes (aka typhoons), which are considered as generators of near-inertial, internal waves. The analysis of data collected in the northwestern
parts of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans in the hurricane season permit us to assess the deep ocean response to such a strong
atmospheric forcing. A large number of moorings (more than 100) in the northwestern Pacific have allowed us to characterize
the spatial features of the oceanic response to typhoons and the variable downward velocity of near-inertial wave propagation.
The velocity of their downward propagation varies in the range 1–10 m/hour. It is higher in the regions of low stratification
and high anticyclonic vorticity. The inertial oscillations generated by a hurricane last for 10–12 days. The mean anticyclonic
vorticity in the region increases the effective frequency of inertial oscillations by 0.001–0.004 cyc/hour. 相似文献
8.
Long-term data from 23 tide gauges were used to analyze the spectrum of mesoscale sea level variability of the Black Sea. The tides have sharp spectral peaks, and they are detected at diurnal and semidiurnal frequencies for all stations. A local wide spectral peak associated with inertial oscillations is located between the diurnal and semidiurnal tidal peaks. This peak is well known in the spectra of the current velocity variations of the Black Sea, but in the sea level spectrum it has been identified for the first time. At frequencies of >3 cpd, sea level spectra of the Black Sea have (1) wide maxima in the continuous spectrum, which correspond to the main eigenmodes of the sea with periods of 5.6, 4.8, 4.1, and 3.1 h, and (2) sharp peaks of radiational harmonics S3, S4, S5, and S6. The periods of seiches calculated in this study are close to the periods of eigenmodes of the Black Sea, obtained by the numerical modeling of other authors. The main factors influencing the formation of radiational tides in the Black Sea are presumably breezes and runoff from large rivers. The significant predominance of a harmonic with frequency of 5 cpd (S5) over other radiational harmonics is caused by the influence of an eigenmode, with a frequency of about 5 cpd. The proximity of the periods of these oscillations leads to resonant amplification and to a corresponding increase in amplitude of the radiational harmonic S5. 相似文献
9.
10.
B. L. Berry 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2011,47(7):848-880
Stable oscillations of heliogeophysical and other natural processes are generated within the solar system (SS) by interactions
between the gravitational fields of the Sun, planets, and their satellites. The resonant periods of the SS are well described
by a geometrical progression similar to a sound series with 32 notes in an octave. A comparison of the members of this geometrical
progression to the orbital and rotational periods of the planets and the Moon and to the orbital periods of Jupiter’s satellites
shows that the discovered regular pattern in the distribution of the motion periods of SS bodies holds with a 95% probability.
Numerous natural periods of solar activity, interplanetary magnetic fields, the Earth’s magnetic field and rotational speed,
movement of the Earth’s poles, seismic activity, and other terrestrial processes in the range of 10−4–106 years are also consistent with the members of this geometrical progression. Heliogeophysical oscillations have a common external
origin, and their periods often coincide with one another. The amplitudes of the oscillations of terrestrial processes depend
on the oscillations in solar activity, lunar-solar tidal forces, and the Earth’s rotational speed, and on the interactions
of geophysical processes. The existence of common external periods makes it possible to find significant correlations between
terrestrial processes that appear to have no cause and effect relationships, e.g., between global air temperatures and magnitudes
of regional earthquakes over a 600-year interval. These correlations testify to the influence of changes in the Earth’s rotational
speed on tectonic and climatic processes and provide additional proof for the feasibility of the harmonic model of Northern
Hemisphere temperatures. The parameters of stable oscillations that are components of global seismicity harmonic models and
those of air temperatures and other natural processes are found from the respective simulated or observed time series. These
models permit long-term forecasts of terrestrial and solar processes. The paper gives examples of successful forecasts of
global seismicity in 2005–2010 and hazardous events of various origin in 1986, 1995, 2005, 2008, and 2010. Hazardous events
are expected to intensify in 2011/2012, 2016/2017, 2024, and 2028/2029. The next economic crisis is expected in 2029 ± 1. 相似文献
11.
E. A. Kulikov I. V. Fine O. I. Yakovenko 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2014,50(5):498-507
The March 11, 2011, megaquake caused a catastrophic tsunami recorded throughout the Pacific. This paper presents an analysis of the sea-level records obtained from deep-water tsunami meters (DART and NEPTUNE). To evaluate the effect of the sea-level oscillations’ decay, a statistical analysis of observations and numerical modeling of tsunami generation and propagation have been conducted. The main goal is to uncover physical mechanisms of the tsunami wave field formation and evolution at scales up to tens of thousands of kilometers in space and a few days in time. It is shown that the tsunami lifetime is related to the wave-energy diffusion and dissipation processes. The decay time of the variance of the tsunami-generated level oscillations is about 1 day. Multiple reflections and scattering by irregularities of the bottom topography make the field of the secondary tsunami waves stochastic and incoherent: the distribution of the wave energy in the ocean reaches a statistical equilibrium in accordance with the Rayleigh-Jeans law of equipartition of the wave energy per degree of freedom. After the tsunami front has passed, the secondary-wave energy density turns out to be inversely proportional to the water depth. 相似文献
12.
We study trapped baroclinic topographic waves in the northwest shelf of the Black Sea for the actual slopes of the bottom
and stratification. The time scales of trapped waves are determined. The space scales of the amplitude of oscillations are
computed. It is shown that the vertical distribution of the amplitude of oscillations is in qualitative agreement with the
experimentally observed distribution. The energy of topographic waves trapped by the sloping bottom is concentrated in the
bottom layer, which agrees with the data of measurements.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 44–52, September–October, 2006. 相似文献
13.
I. I. Strizhkin 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(2):249-255
Data on the peculiarities and dynamics of the spatial structure of breaking waves with crest foam (CF) are obtained for the
wind velocity range V = 6−15 m/s based on processing and an analysis of 1: 1000–1: 3000-scale photographs. Some characteristic features inherent
only to breaking waves are revealed. 相似文献
14.
As a result of mooring of autonomous seabed stations in bays of Shikotan Island, the records of two tsunamis were obtained from strong earthquakes that occurred off the coast of Chile on April 1, 2014, and September 16, 2015. In both cases, prolonged intense vibrations with a pronounced group structure were observed in various bays, mainly with periods of the main modes of resonance oscillations. The second event was more dangerous, and the wave height was 0.9 m at Malokurilskaya Bay. The increase in the energy of fluctuations in 2015 was more significant, manifesting itself in a wider range of periods. Numerical simulation of the tsunami showed that the nature of wave propagation in both earthquakes was identical in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, approaching Russia’s Pacific coast, and was characterized by weak damping, in contrast to waves propagating to the south and southwest. This explains why expect large waves can be expected on the coasts of the Kurils from earthquakes off the coast of South America, despite the considerable distance. 相似文献
15.
On the basis of processing of the oceanographic data accumulated for the water area of the North Atlantic in 1950–1999 (∼500,000
stations), we study seasonal and interannual variations of the principal characteristics of pycnocline within the range of
σt = 25.5–27.5 conventional density units. It is shown that the interannual oscillations of these characteristics in the entire
analyzed layer can be regarded as a superposition of fluctuations with periods from 2–3 to 10–12 yr. The typical ranges of
these fluctuations for the depths of occurrence of isopycnic surfaces and the corresponding temperature and salinity are equal
to 20–25 m, 1–1.5°C, and 0.25‰, respectively. The intensification of atmospheric circulation at middle latitudes is accompanied
by the simultaneous deepening of the pycnocline and its heating in the central part of the North Subtropical Anticyclonic
Gyre. At the same time, the process of weakening of the atmospheric circulation leads to the rise of the pycnocline and its
cooling. The complete cycle of interaction of the North-Atlantic Oscillation with the anomalies of isopycnic characteristics
(with regard for the period of their advection) is equal to ∼6–8 yr.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 29–48, March–April, 2007. 相似文献
16.
Beng-Chun Lee Li-Chung Wu Dong-Jiing Doong Chia Chuen Kao 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2007,28(3):183-190
We here investigate the frequency and intensity of oscillations in oceanographic data within intraseasonal time scales using
spectral analysis of surface wind and wave time-series data collected at off-island weather stations or moored buoys around
Taiwan. Data from marine weather stations were used to trace atmospheric conditions, while we used buoy data to examine sea
states. The spectra and wavelet scalogram of the wind fields revealed oscillations with a period of around 20–33 days, and
the energy density of the wind field at the off-island stations was stronger than that at the data buoy stations. However,
the wavelet scalogram of the wave height measured at the buoy stations was stronger than its associated wind field. This long-period
oscillation is consistent with the wavelet scalogram of the wind field calculated from the off-island weather stations. About
20–33 day oscillations exist within intraseasonal variations, which are closely linked to the atmospheric environment and
to wind and ocean wave fields. Oscillations with a period of 5–10 days are a pronounced feature over northeastern Taiwan waters
during the winter season and can be interpreted as the wave pattern following synoptic weather systems. 相似文献
17.
A. I. Zaytsev E. N. Pelinovsky A. A. Kurkin I. S. Kostenko A. Yalciner 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2016,52(2):217-224
The earthquake that occurred on May 24, 2013, in the basin of the Sea of Okhotsk with a magnitude of 8.3 was the strongest in this region. We have modeled a possible tsunami caused by such an earthquake. The simulations confirm that the wave heights were sufficiently small because the earthquake epicenter depth was 640 km. We analyze the oscillations of the DART buoys in the vicinity of the earthquake source and show that they were not associated with the tsunami waves. Analysis of the available pressure gauge records at different points of the Sea of Okhotsk show that only in one case (Iturup Island) can the observed oscillations of the sea level with a height of approximately 4 cm be classified as tsunami waves. 相似文献
18.
The catastrophic tsunami of December 26, 2004 in Southeast Asia revealed the necessity of creating tsunami early warning systems
in the regions of the World Ocean where these systems are still absent but the potential hazard of tsunami generation exists.
The Black Sea is one of these regions. We present the general characteristic of the tsunami hazard in the Black-Sea region
and describe the most probable zones of tsunami generation, the specific features of tsunami propagation, and the parameters
of tsunamis according to the data of observations and the results of numerical simulations. We also discuss the possibility
of tsunami early warning on the basis of the operative data provided by the network of hydrometeorological and seismological
observation stations existing in this region.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 57–66, September–October, 2008. 相似文献
19.
The analysis is performed on the basis of comparison of the hydrological characteristics of prestrait regions of the Sea of
Marmara. It is shown that, in summer, the Black-Sea waters are weakly mixed with the Mediterranean waters and the levels of
salinity in the prestrait regions differ by 0.6–0.9‰. In winter, the indicated difference increases and the level of salinity
near the entrance of Dardanelles reaches 29‰ and exceeds the level observed near the entrance of Bosporus by 5.5‰. In the
analyzed regions, we observe local temperature maxima and minima near the interface of two water masses. This is explained
by the presence of strong seasonal variations of temperature for the Black-Sea waters and their absence for the Mediterranean
waters. The physical mechanisms responsible for the seasonal variations of the intensity of transformations of the Black-Sea
waters are discussed.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 49–55, March–April, 2007. 相似文献
20.
We consider a plane problem of barotropic seiches generated by a front of atmospheric pressure moving over a bounded basin.
A system of nonlinear equations of long waves is solved by the finite-difference method with regard for the bottom friction
and Earth's rotation. The numerical analyses are performed for two basins with distributions of depths typical of the Black
Sea. It is shown that the passage of a baric front over the basin leads to the generation of lower seiches. The oscillations
of level and the corresponding currents are especially intense in the shallow-water zones of the basins. The seiches become
more intense as the velocity of transfer of the atmospheric front increases and the width of the front decreases. Earth's
rotation leads to the generation of longshore currents and promotes the process of weakening of residual oscillations of the
fluid following the passage of the front. The influence of nonlinearity on seiches is small for the analyzed basins.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 3–18, March–April, 2008. 相似文献