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1.
沉积物源分析是认识盆山演化的重要途径.天山南麓库车坳陷不同剖面的砾岩碎屑、砂岩骨架颗粒、碎屑重矿物组分显示,它们的成熟度及演变时限总体可以类比,表明其成因演化主要受控于物源区--(古)天山的构造活动与造山作用.对碎屑沉积记录的综合分析进一步指示,天山物源总体以"再旋回造山带"类型为特征,其演变细节包括五期:①早三叠世古天山继承石炭纪以来的构造挤压和隆升,物源岩石类型主要为沉积岩、中高级变质岩,以"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带"及"混合造山带"类型为特征;②中三叠世-中侏罗世构造活动较弱,代表高成熟度的"锆石-金红石-电气石"重矿物组合发育,主要物源岩石类型包括变质岩和酸性火山岩,与"弧造山带"以及"混合造山带"类型关系密切;③晚侏罗世-白垩纪,天山开始新一轮的构造挤压隆升,物源岩石类型复杂;④第三纪(特别是中新世)构造挤压和隆升活动加强,稳定性极差的碎屑"角闪石-辉石"组合增多,物源组分东西分异明显,西部沉积岩相对较多,物源构造属性趋向"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带";东部结晶岩相对较多,物源构造属性复杂或以"混合造山带"类型为特征;⑤上新世南天山强烈隆升和向南推进,与前一阶段相比沉积岩物源增多,但物源构造属性基本同上.第④⑤两个阶段砾岩层和不稳定碎屑组合的发育除受控于天山强烈隆升外,可能还与气候环境的频繁变化密切相关.  相似文献   

2.
砂岩碎屑成分分析是进行沉积物源岩石类型、构造属性和盆山演化分析的重要途径。准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“弧造山带”和部分“岩浆弧”物源为特征,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩、变质岩和沉积岩,岩石成分、重矿物含量及其组合显示东、西剖面在物源上存在一定差异。天山内部侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“混合造山带”为主,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩和变质岩,但各剖面的岩石成分、重矿物组合特征及相对含量差异较大。综合天山内部与准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面沉积特征、岩屑成分及钻井岩心分析表明,天山地区早、中侏罗世盆山格局以盆地沉积范围大、天山正地形较小为特征,不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉,侏罗纪盆地南缘至少存在三个物源体系(西准噶尔山、克拉麦里山和(古)天山);晚侏罗世一早白垩世早期,岩石成分成熟度偏低,砾岩等粗碎屑沉积明显增多,同时不稳定重矿物及其组合稍有增加可能与晚侏罗世天山构造格局分异、构造活动相对活跃有关,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异。  相似文献   

3.
蔚远江  胡素云  何登发 《地质学报》2020,94(5):1347-1366
紧邻西准噶尔造山带的准噶尔盆地西北缘多年勘探钻揭了二叠系-下侏罗统砂砾岩地层,这为源-汇系统研究提供了较齐全的沉积记录。笔者基于砂砾岩43个岩心和37个薄片样品,采用岩心观察与镜下碎屑骨架成分统计、多类型碎屑及端元成分分析、典型物源区碎屑组合模式及特征参数分析等多种方法,对其物源类型与构造背景演化开展了全层系示踪。其砂砾岩骨架碎屑组成较为复杂,砾石成分有岩浆岩砾石(30%~80%)、沉积岩砾石(10%~40%)、变质岩砾石(0%~30%)三类;岩屑成分均以凝灰质、安山质、霏细岩类岩浆岩岩屑和砂泥岩、粉砂质粘土岩、燧石类沉积岩屑为主,仅见少量石英岩、片岩岩屑,表明本区物源主要来自岩浆岩分布区,也有遭剥蚀再沉积的物源供应。其沉积物源主要来自西准噶尔造山带(扎依尔山、哈拉阿拉特山和德仑山),沉积记录反映了物源区母岩类型、组合特征及其隆升剥蚀过程。由二叠系至下侏罗统,砾岩碎屑组分和含量变化呈现"两个组骤变、三段式增减"的特点,砂岩碎屑成分和含量也有变化,表明源-汇系统经历了多次构造抬升与沉降、深部岩石被多次暴露剥蚀与沉积的幕式演化。划分出P_1j-P_1f、P_2w、P_3w、T_1b-T_2k、J_1b-J_1s五个构造-碎屑沉积响应旋回,其中P_2w旋回和P_3w旋回,火山岩和沉积岩砾石含量彼此消长和跳跃式变化,反映构造活跃和快速堆积;P_1j-P_1f、T_1bT_2k、J_1b-J_1s三个旋回,火成岩和沉积岩砾石含量均呈由高到低减少趋势,显示早期构造活跃、晚期沉积稳定的构造-碎屑沉积响应。准噶尔盆地西北缘在二叠纪伸展—挤压→三叠纪继承性挤压→早侏罗世弱伸展的构造演化发展中,物源区构造背景经历了由弧造山带→弧造山带+冲断造山带→未切割弧造山带及碰撞造山带→切割弧造山带+冲断造山带+基底隆起区的发展演变,物源类型组合经历了由单陆源为主→陆源+内源叠加→多陆源为主→多陆源+再旋回物源混合的演化和响应。该成果为原型盆地和区域地质演化分析提供了新的依据,为油气勘探和矿产预测提供了基础资料。  相似文献   

4.
通过同构造沉积物质记录了解物源区剥蚀作用过程进而探索盆山构造相互关系,是大陆构造动力学研究的一个重要方面。砂岩骨架成分分析和重矿物及部分标型矿物分析方法,已被较多地用来探索新疆天山造山带与其南部库车盆地晚中生代以来的相互关系和构造演变过程,但是关于中生代较早时期库车盆地构造属性及北部造山带隆升剥蚀过程的认识仍存在较大分歧。本文运用电子探针微区成分分析方法,对库车盆地北缘中段晚三叠世和早侏罗世砂岩中具代表性的15个砂岩样品中的38颗碎屑长石和26颗碎屑白云母矿物进行了矿物化学成分分析。结果表明,长石主要来自变质岩物源区,25颗碎屑白云母均属多硅白云母,表明其源区岩石曾经历了高压变质作用。这些多硅白云母中Si原子含量显示它们比目前保留在天山造山带高压变质带蓝片岩和榴辉岩中的多硅白云母形成的压力要低,可能反映了源区高压变质岩的正常剥露顺序。这项研究结果表明,至少在晚三叠世-早侏罗世时期,库车盆地北部天山造山带中的高压变质岩已经剥露于地表并遭受剥蚀成为物源供给区。具体是中天山南缘早古生代高压变质带还是晚古生代南天山高压变质带作为重要物源区,尚需进一步的研究工作。  相似文献   

5.
四川盆地晚三叠世碎屑组分对物源分析及印支运动的指示   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
沉积物源分析是认识盆山演化的重要途径.四川盆地上三叠统的砾岩碎屑、砂岩骨架颗粒、碎屑重矿物组分显示,晚三叠世存在5大物源,它们分布于龙门山北段-中段、大巴山、龙门山南段、盆地东南和盆地南部.碎屑物源总体以"再旋回造山带"和"大陆板块"类型为主,其中,龙门山北段-中段和龙门山南段以"再旋回造山带"类型为主,而盆地东南部和南部以"大陆板块"类型为主."再旋回造山带"类型可细分为"混合造山带"及"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带"两种类型,龙门山北段和龙门山南段均以"混合造山带"及"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带"类型为特征.盆地物源分布存在阶段性特征:早期,龙门山北段-中段、大巴山物源规模较大,盆地东南和南部规模较小;晚期,盆地东南和南部规模增大,各方向呈均衡分布格局,这与周缘板块构造活动的阶段性有关.晚三叠世,龙门山北段由西北向东南方向挤压,构造活动强度总体具有弱-强-弱的演变趋势.须二期,龙门山北段逆冲-推覆开始形成,并暴露水面遭受剥蚀,向盆地提供物源;须四期为盆地最活跃期,龙门山北段进一步挤压抬升剥蚀,盆内沉积中心也由西北向东南迁移;须四期后,龙门山北段剥蚀区继续向东南推进,但构造活动强度渐趋和缓.  相似文献   

6.
沉积物源分析是认识盆山演化的重要途径。四川盆地上三叠统的砾岩碎屑、砂岩骨架颗粒、碎屑重矿物组分显示,晚三叠世存在5大物源,它们分布于龙门山北段-中段、大巴山、龙门山南段、盆地东南和盆地南部。碎屑物源总体以"再旋回造山带"和"大陆板块"类型为主,其中,龙门山北段-中段和龙门山南段以"再旋回造山带"类型为主,而盆地东南部和南部以"大陆板块"类型为主。"再旋回造山带"类型可细分为"混合造山带"及"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带"两种类型,龙门山北段和龙门山南段均以"混合造山带"及"碰撞造山和褶皱冲断带"类型为特征。盆地物源分布存在阶段性特征:早期,龙门山北段-中段、大巴山物源规模较大,盆地东南和南部规模较小;晚期,盆地东南和南部规模增大,各方向呈均衡分布格局,这与周缘板块构造活动的阶段性有关。晚三叠世,龙门山北段由西北向东南方向挤压,构造活动强度总体具有弱-强-弱的演变趋势。须二期,龙门山北段逆冲-推覆开始形成,并暴露水面遭受剥蚀,向盆地提供物源;须四期为盆地最活跃期,龙门山北段进一步挤压抬升剥蚀,盆内沉积中心也由西北向东南迁移;须四期后,龙门山北段剥蚀区继续向东南推进,但构造活动强度渐趋和缓。  相似文献   

7.
新疆博格达地区中—新生界碎屑成分自中侏罗世的中晚期开始发生了巨大变化,主要表现在:自中侏罗世晚期开始,沉积重矿物组合及相对含量发生较大变化,不稳定重矿物、较高级别变质岩岩屑明显增多,显示此时发生的物源属性变化及构造活动的存在;自侏罗系西山窑组沉积晚期开始,砂岩碎屑成分中的沉积岩碎屑明显增加,显示盆缘沉积岩物源的隆升和剥蚀作用。结合前人研究成果,笔者认为,博格达地区的盆山分异过程主要对应于中晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和新近纪以来,其中中侏罗世的中晚期是博格达地区开始发生盆山分异的初始时期。  相似文献   

8.
南天山晚新生代褶皱冲断带构造特征   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
南天山晚新生代褶皱冲断带位于南天山南麓,是南天山陆内造山作用过程中,南天山造山楔向塔里木盆地推进的结果.褶皱冲断带的构造变形以挤压冲断构造为主,伴生有挤压走滑构造和盐相关构造.以盖层滑脱冲断为特征,伴生有基底卷入型冲断构造.褶皱冲断带的主滑脱冲断层由造山带向盆地方向逐渐抬升,而且,"厚皮"构造向造山带方向越来越发育,"薄皮"构造向盆地方向越来越发育.整个褶皱冲断带从东到西冲断作用发生的时间基本一致,起始于中新世中-晚期并一直持续到现今;冲断高峰发生于新近纪晚期-第四纪.褶皱冲断带的形成过程为前展式,由南天山向塔里木盆地推进.受地层剖面结构、沉积建造、基底起伏、所处的构造部位等因素控制,南天山褶皱冲断带的构造变形特征沿走向具有明显的分段性,从东到西划分出4个次级褶皱冲断带:库车、乌什、柯坪和喀什北褶皱冲断带.每个次级褶皱冲断带在共性的基础上,都有自己独特的构造变形特点.  相似文献   

9.
酒西盆地中新生代碎屑组分特征及指示意义   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
通过岩石碎屑成分分析,研究酒西盆地砂砾岩储集层沉积碎屑成分特征对物源属性、盆-山格局演化及油气成藏特征的指示意义。研究表明,酒西盆地下白垩统下沟组砂岩成分成熟度低,物源构造属性以再旋回造山带和部分岩浆弧为特征,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩和变质岩(沉积岩碎屑极少),岩石成分及其组合显示盆地东、西部的物源差异明显;古近系白杨河组在岩石成分、岩屑组成上与下白垩统下沟组砂岩有较大不同,显示物源属性的明显改变。物源属性的改变在一定程度上反映构造格局分异、盆-山格局的演变历程,控制了酒西盆地内油气富集和晚期成藏特征。碎屑成分特征在一定程度上决定了储集层的储集空间类型及裂缝发育规律,值得进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

10.
准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生界碎屑成份特征与构造期次   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:4  
准噶尔盆地南缘晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期、晚白垩世及晚新生代发育的近源粗碎屑沉积显示构造活动的存在。野外剖面及镜下碎屑成份统计表明:砾岩的砾石成份、砂岩碎屑成份的物源属性主要是再旋回造山带和晚古生代的岩浆弧,但盆地南缘东段与西段的岩屑组成及物源属性存在较大的差异。其中,沉积岩岩屑在晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和晚新生代发生了相应的增加,显示盆缘沉积岩物源的隆升—剥蚀作用和构造活动的相对活跃。砂岩碎屑特征、重矿物相对含量及重矿物组合特征证明盆地南缘东、西两段的物源属性存在较大差异,特别是不稳定重矿物的增加显示晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期、晚白垩世和晚新生代为构造相对活跃的构造环境。综合中-新生界沉积碎屑特征及差异分析,准噶尔盆地南缘中-新生代盆山格局发生了3次较大的转变过程,分别对应于上述3个时期。中-新生代3次构造活动对含油气系统形成具有重要控制作用,构造活动期次与油气藏形成、调整的期次也有良好的对应关系。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.  相似文献   

15.
PALEONTOLOGY     
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)  相似文献   

16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)  相似文献   

17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)  相似文献   

18.
PETROLOGY     
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,  相似文献   

19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an  相似文献   

20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of  相似文献   

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