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1.
本文讨论了骆驼峰火山岩筒内不同源区的碱性系列玄武岩与石英拉斑玄武岩的特征。认为碱性橄榄玄武岩-碧玄岩是由石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔(5—8%)熔融产生;橄榄霞石岩是碱性橄榄玄武岩-碧玄岩在岩石圈地幔内分异产生;石英拉斑玄武岩是岩石圈地幔的熔浆。尖晶石二辉橄榄岩是碱性玄武岩浆上升过程中捕获的地幔碎片 相似文献
2.
吉林省中部红旗岭地区镁铁-超镁铁杂岩广泛发育,年代学资料表明,红旗岭-漂河川岩体形成于晚三叠纪(距今约216Ma),与该区A型花岗岩的年龄相当,但略微年轻一些。岩石学和地球化学特征表明,镁铁-超镁铁岩普遍可见包橄结构,橄榄石晶体平衡岩浆属于高MgO玄武质岩浆,微量元素和同位素模拟结果均显示岩浆源区主要为亏损地幔或新生岩石圈地幔。根据这些结果,同时结合相关研究,提出这些镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体的形成与该区大量造山后A型花岗岩带的形成相吻合,其形成主要是由于造山后期岩石圈板块的拆沉减薄效应,软流圈地幔上隆及大量幔源岩浆上侵,底垫于地壳底部,并经历了强烈的结晶分异作用 相似文献
3.
大别山碰撞后镁铁-超镁铁岩的U-Pb同位素地球化学: 壳-幔相互作用及LOMU端元 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对大别山祝家铺辉石岩-辉长岩的U, Pb同位素研究表明, 大别山碰撞后镁铁-超镁铁岩的低U, 高Pb含量及低U/Pb的特征, 可能是亏损软流圈地幔(DMM)或岩石圈地幔与下地壳之间相互作用的结果, 而与地幔热柱(plume)及深俯冲陆壳无关. 发现祝家铺辉石岩-辉长岩的高207Pb/204Pb样品具有LOMU端元的特点, Pb, Sr和Nd同位素联合示踪显示祝家铺辉石岩-辉长岩的源区有古老富集岩石圈地幔(LOMU)、下地壳物质以及亏损软流圈地幔三端元混合的特征. 形成大别山碰撞后镁铁-超镁铁岩初始岩浆的壳幔相互作用过程可能为: 碰撞后增厚的岩石圈发生拆离, 引发亏损软流圈上涌, 使得上涌的软流圈及尚未拆离的古老富集岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融. 它们析出的熔体垫托在壳幔边界层, 并与下地壳相互作用, 从而使得这种熔体具有富集岩石圈地幔和下地壳的地球化学特征. 相似文献
4.
以碧溪岭榴辉岩和大麻坪尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为起始原料,在压力2.0GPa,温度1250～1400℃条件下进行榴辉岩熔体-橄榄岩反应的高温高压实验.实验结果显示,在榴辉岩熔体-二辉橄榄岩反应过程中,熔体消耗橄榄岩中的橄榄石和斜方辉石生成单斜辉石.实验产物的岩石序列为橄榄岩-辉石岩-石榴辉石岩,与Liu等在华北克拉通内部的汉诺坝地区发现的大量中生代地幔复合包体结构非常吻合.在温度1300和1350℃时,榴辉岩熔体-二辉橄榄岩反应产生的熔体具有高镁安山岩的成分特征(Mg#>45),表明榴辉岩熔体-橄榄岩反应可能是高镁安山岩形成的主要原因之一.实验结果表明华北克拉通下地壳榴辉岩在中生代可能发生过拆沉作用;榴辉岩拆沉进入软流圈地幔后,部分熔融产生的熔体可以消耗岩石圈地幔橄榄岩,导致华北克拉通的减薄,从而为华北克拉通岩石圈地幔被软流圈地幔改造的熔体-橄榄岩反应机制提供实验约束. 相似文献
5.
青藏高原木苟日王新生代火山岩地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成——底侵基性岩浆地幔源区性质的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
藏北羌塘木苟日王新生代火山岩主要岩石类型为玄武岩和安山玄武岩，地球化学研究表明该套岩石表现出低SiO2（51～54%），高Mg、Cr和Ni等幔源岩浆的特征;岩石轻稀土中度富集,具弱负铕异常,发育Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素的负异常.其低的Sm/Yb值（Sm/Yb = 3.07 ～ 4.35）表明它们应来源于软流圈地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩的局部熔融.岩石87Sr/86Sr = 0.705339 ～ 0.705667， 208Pb/204Pb = 38.8192 ～ 38.8937， 207Pb/204Pb = 15.6093 ～ 15.6245，206Pb/204Pb = 18.6246 ～ 18.6383，而143Nd/144Nd = 0.512604 ～ 0.512639，εNd 值近于0（＋0.02～ －0.66），与典型的地幔端元BSE（地球总成分点）十分类似.岩石Δ8/4Pb＝66.82～74.53，△7/4Pb＝9.88～11.42，ΔSr>50，具典型的DUPAL异常,这些地球化学特征表明木苟日王高钾钙碱性基性火山岩可能源于受俯冲流体交代的亲冈瓦纳软流圈地幔的部分熔融.结合该区新生代高钾钙碱性中酸性火山岩地球化学和地球物理资料,文中进一步提出,由于拉萨地块的北向俯冲作用,俯冲流体交代软流圈地幔诱发其部分熔融形成以木苟日王火山岩为代表的高钾钙碱性基性岩浆,这些基性岩浆对羌塘地块岩石圈的底侵作用对于羌塘地块新生代埃达克质高钾钙碱性中 相似文献
6.
为了观测含碳酸盐地幔岩部分熔融过程中电导率的变化,厘清碳酸盐熔体在金伯利岩岩浆形成过程中所起的作用,并探讨Slave克拉通中部Lac de Gras地区约80～120km深处的高导成因,我们利用DS 3600t六面顶压机和Solartron 1260阻抗/增益-相位分析仪在1.0～3.0GPa、673～1873K温压条件下分别测量了含碳酸钠(Na_2CO_3)、碳酸钙(CaCO_3)和大洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)的地幔岩样品的电导率.实验结果表明,地幔岩样品的电导率主要受到温度和组分的影响,而压力对其影响较小.在温度低于1023K时,含Na_2CO_3地幔岩样品的电导率明显高于含同比重CaCO_3和MORB的;温度达到1023K时,含Na_2CO_3地幔岩样品开始熔融;但在之后的200K温度区间内,该部分熔融样品的电导率随温度的增加几乎不发生变化.这一现象或许揭示:地幔深部的碳酸质岩浆在快速上升过程中会同化吸收岩石圈地幔中的斜方辉石(Opx),进而形成金伯利岩岩浆,期间岩浆的电导率几乎不发生变化.含CaCO_3和MORB的地幔岩样品分别在1723K和1423K开始熔融,其部分熔融样品的电导率随温度的增加而快速增加.依据前人的研究结果和我们的实验结果,我们认为可以用含碳酸盐的部分熔融样品来解释Slave克拉通中部Lac de Gras地区约80～120km深处的异常高导现象,并推测熔体中碳酸盐的熔体比例小于2wt.%. 相似文献
7.
川西新元古代基性岩墙群的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Nd-Hf同位素地球化学: 岩石成因与构造意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
扬子块体西缘新元古代岩浆活动非常强烈, 其成因对研究Rodinia超大陆的演化有重要意义. 目前对这些岩浆岩的成因和形成的构造背景存在地幔柱和岛弧两种截然不同的观点. 本文对川西康滇裂谷中康定-泸定-石棉地区广泛分布的基性岩墙群, 进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Nd-Hf同位素研究, 结果表明这些基性岩墙群形成于780 ~ 760 Ma, 与康定花岗质杂岩在时-空上密切共生. 岩浆起源于亏损的软流圈地幔, 虽然在上升侵位过程中受到年轻岛弧地壳物质不同程度的混染, 但元素和Nd-Hf同位素仍表现出板内玄武岩的特征, 很可能是高温地幔柱部分熔融的产物. 本文的研究结果支持华南位于澳大利亚和Laurentia大陆之间的Rodinia超大陆重建模式. 相似文献
8.
后碰撞幔源岩浆活动、底垫作用及准噶尔盆地基底的性质 总被引：83，自引：2，他引：81
准噶尔盆地周边地区广泛发育晚古生代后碰撞花岗岩类、基性_超基性杂岩和火山岩 .它们普遍具有正的εNd(t)值 ,表明岩浆起源于亏损地幔 ,并不同程度地受到地壳物质的混染 .幔源岩浆及其分异产物在上地壳侵位只是深部地质过程的浅部反映 ,大量的幔源岩浆很可能在壳幔界面附近和下地壳中发生底垫作用 ,成为准噶尔盆地基底的组成部分 .如果准噶尔盆地的基底是残留洋壳 ,除非发生高度部分熔融 ,否则不可能产生基性_超基性杂岩 .即使准噶尔盆地具有老陆壳基底 ,也会因为幔源岩浆底垫作用而受到强烈改造 .这种解释可以与地球物理资料相容 . 相似文献
9.
华北克拉通在中生代发生了岩石圈减薄,古老的大陆岩石圈地幔在减薄后被年轻的新生岩石圈地幔所取代.与此同时,华北克拉通发生了破坏,以大规模早白垩世岩浆作用为标志.尽管对这个现象有了共识,但是对华北克拉通岩石圈破坏的机制仍然存在争议.文章以华北中生代镁铁质岩浆作用为视角,试图对上述争议提出解决办法.华北中生代镁铁质岩浆作用以早白垩世的~121Ma为分界点,在此之前的镁铁质岩浆岩兼具岛弧玄武岩微量元素组成和明显富集Sr-Nd同位素组成的特点,而在此之后才开始出现兼具洋岛玄武岩微量元素组成和亏损至弱富集Sr-Nd同位素组成的镁铁质岩浆岩.这个差异表明,华北克拉通岩石圈地幔的地球化学性质在~121Ma发生了根本性转变.尽管华北克拉通在晚三叠世也出现过镁铁质岩浆作用,但是其成因是深俯冲华南陆块折返的结果,而古太平洋板块俯冲在那时尚未启动.古太平洋板块自侏罗纪开始向欧亚大陆东部之下俯冲,俯冲板片与上覆岩石圈地幔楔之间处于耦合状态,是俯冲板片脱水导致华北克拉通地幔的弱化阶段.古老岛弧型镁铁质岩浆岩的地幔源区可能既有侏罗纪时期俯冲古太平洋板片衍生流体与华北克拉通岩石圈地幔之间反应的产物,也有三叠纪时期俯冲华南陆壳衍生熔体与华北克拉通岩石圈地幔之间反应的产物.对于新生洋岛型镁铁质岩浆岩的地幔源区来说,则可能是俯冲古太平洋板片衍生熔体与华北岩石圈之下软流圈地幔之间反应的产物.从~144Ma开始,俯冲的古太平洋板片发生回卷,克拉通岩石圈底部受到侧向充填的软流圈地幔加热,导致弱化的克拉通岩石圈地幔发生减薄.在130~120Ma期间,减薄后的大陆岩石圈发生大规模破坏,不仅地幔楔下部超镁铁质交代岩发生部分熔融形成具有古老岛弧型地球化学信息的镁铁质岩浆岩,而且这些地区的下地壳岩石也受到加热发生大规模长英质岩浆作用.与此同时,回卷板片地壳岩石受到侧向充填的软流圈地幔加热,产生长英质熔体交代上覆软流圈地幔橄榄岩,这样在~121Ma开始部分熔融形成具有新生洋岛型地球化学信息的镁铁质岩浆岩,标志着华北克拉通岩石圈地幔已经被新生岩石圈地幔所取代.古太平洋板片在中生代时期向中国东部大陆之下的俯冲并不像现今地震层析成像所观察到的那样直接俯冲至地幔过渡带,而是像纳斯卡板块向美洲大陆之下俯冲那样为低角度俯冲.这种低角度俯冲不仅物理上可以直接侵蚀岩石圈地幔,而且化学上可以交代岩石圈地幔.因此,古太平洋板片与大陆岩石圈地幔之间的相互作用才是导致华北克拉通岩石圈地幔减薄和破坏的一级地球动力学机制. 相似文献
10.
地幔柱是最可能形成大火成岩省的原因之一,同时地幔柱与岩石圈的相互作用也极大的影响着岩石圈的构造演化.本文主要集中研究地幔柱与岩石圈相互作用过程中熔融相关的问题.利用开源程序Ellipsis3D,基于质量守恒方程、动量守恒方程、能量守恒方程和岩石流变本构关系,以及不同的熔融损耗关系,通过有限元数值方法模拟得到地幔柱与岩石圈相互作用过程中熔融程度的动态变化.数值模拟结果显示,地幔柱与岩石圈相互作用的熔融相关过程分为三个阶段：地幔柱的初融阶段,地幔柱自身熔融占主导,减压熔融为主因;地幔柱与岩石圈的纵向作用阶段,岩石圈地幔开始熔融,地幔柱以减压熔融为主,岩石圈地幔以升温熔融为主;地幔柱的横向展平阶段,随着地幔柱的扩展岩石圈地幔熔融范围增加,以升温熔融为主,地幔柱自身熔融程度减小.最后基于数值模拟结果及现场资料对峨嵋山大火成岩省地幔柱的发展演化以及峨眉山大火成岩省的形成进行了讨论. 相似文献
11.
Abstract Middle Miocene to Quaternary primitive basalts and high magnesian andesite (HMA) in North Hokkaido resulted from three periods of intense volcanism; early-stage (12–10 Ma), middle-stage (9–7 Ma) and late-stage (3–0 Ma). Based on the chemical compositions of olivines and chromian spinels and bulk chemistry of the primitive rocks, we examined depths of segregation of the calculated primary magmas and the degrees of partial melting of the source mantle. In the context of asthenospheric mantle upwelling, petrological data from the present study can be accounted for by the secular change in the depth of magma segregation from the upwelled asthenospheric mantle, which is composed of fertile peridotite. Thus, the early-stage primary magmas were generated by higher degrees of partial melting of the shallower part of hot asthenospheric mantle, whereas the middle- and late-stage primary magmas resulted from lower degrees of partial melting of a deeper part of the asthenospheric mantle. The early-stage HMA magma was generated by partial melting of the remnant subcontinental lithospheric mantle composed of refractory peridotite. This melting might have resulted from an increased geothermal gradient caused by upwelling of hot asthenosphere. 相似文献
12.
Geochronological studies of mafic-ultramafic intrusions occurrence in the northern Dabie zone (NDZ) suggest that these pyroxenite-gabbro intrusions formed 120—130 Ma ago should be post-collisional magmatic rocks[1—4]. These mafic-ultramafic rocks provid… 相似文献
13.
The U-Pb isotope geochemical study of the pyroxenite-gabbro intrusion in the Dabie Mountains shows that the post-collisional
mafic-ultramafic rocks of the Dabie Mountains are characterized by relative high Pb contents, low U contents and low U/Pb
ratios. These characters may be results of interaction between lithosphere or depleted asthenospheric mantle (DMM) and lower
crust, but have nothing to do with mantle plume and subducted continental crust. It was first observed that some samples with
lower 206Pb/204Pb and higher 207Pb/204Pb ratios show typical characters of the LOMU component. The Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic tracing shows that three components are
needed in the source of the Zhujiapu pyroxenite-gabbro intrusion. They could be old enriched sub-continental lithospheric
mantle (LOMU component), lower crust and depleted asthenospheric mantle. The crust-mantle interaction process producing primitive
magma of post-collisional mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Dabie Mountains could be described by a lithospheric delamination
and magma underplating model. After continent-continent collision, delamination of the thickened lithosphere induced the upwelling
of depleted asthenospheric mantle, which caused partial melting of asthenospheric mantle and residual sub-continental lithospheric
mantle. The basaltic magma produced in this process underplated in the boundary between the crust and mantle and interacted
with lower crust resulting in the geochemical characters of both enriched lithospheric mantle and lower crust. 相似文献
14.
Tholeiitic basalts and associated intrusives are the major component of the Karoo igneous province. They are of Mesozoic age and constitute one of the world's classic continental flood basalt (CFB) provinces. It has been argued that most Karoo basalts have not undergone significant contamination with continental crust and that their lithospheric mantle source areas were enriched in incompatible minor and trace elements during the Proterozoic. The only exceptions to this are late-stage MORB-like dolerites near the present-day continental margins which are considered to be of asthenospheric origin.When data for the “southern” Karoo basalts are plotted on many of the geochemical discriminant diagrams which have been used to infer tectonic setting, essentially all of them would be classified as calc-alkali basalts (CAB's) or low-K tholeiites. Virtually none of them plot in the compositional fields designated as characteristic of “within-plate” basalts. There is little likelihood that the compositions of the Karoo basalts can be controlled by active subduction at the time of their eruption and no convincing evidence that a “subduction component” has been added to the subcontinental lithospheric mantle under the entire area in which the basalts crop out. It must be concluded that the mantle source areas for CAB's and the southern Karoo basalts have marked similarities.In contrast, the data for “northern” Karoo basalts largely plot in the “within-plate” field on geochemical discriminant diagrams. Available data suggest that the source composition and/or the restite mineralogy and degree of partial melting are different for southern and northern Karoo basalts. There is no evidence for any difference in tectonic setting between the southern and northern Karoo basalts at the time they were erupted. This appears to be clear evidence that specific mantle source characteristics and/or magmatic processes can vary within a single CFB province to an extent that renders at least some geochemical discriminant diagrams most unreliable for classifying tectonic environment with respect to continental volcanic rocks. 相似文献
15.
The water contents of minerals and whole-rock in mantle-derived xenoliths from eastern China exhibit large variations and are generally lower than those from other on- and off-craton lithotectonic units. Nevertheless, the water contents of mineral and whole-rock in Junan peridotite xenoliths, which sourced from the juvenile lithospheric mantle, are generally higher than those elsewhere in eastern China. This suggests that the initial water content of juvenile lithospheric mantle is not low. There is no obvious correlation between the water contents and Mg# values of minerals in the mantle xenoliths and no occurrence of diffusion profile in pyroxene, suggesting no relationship between the low water content of mantle xenolith and the diffusion loss of water during xenolith ascent with host basaltic magmas. If the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) base is heated by the asthenospheric mantle, the diffusion loss of water is expected to occur. On the other hand, extraction of basaltic melts from the SCLM is a more efficient mechanism to reduce the water content of xenoliths. The primary melts of Mesozoic and Cenozoic basalts in eastern China have water contents, as calculated from the water contents of phenocrysts, higher than those of normal mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The Mesozoic basalts exhibit similar water contents to those of island arc basalts, whereas the Cenozoic basalts exhibit comparable water contents to oceanic island basalts and backarc basin basalts with some of them resembling island arc basalts. These observations suggest the water enrichment in the mantle source of continental basalts due to metasomatism by aqueous fluids and hydrous melts derived from dehydration and melting of deeply subducted crust. Mantle-derived megacrysts, minerals in xenoliths and phenocrysts in basalts from eastern China also exhibit largely variable hydrogen isotope compositions, indicating a large isotopic heterogeneity for the Cenozoic SCLM in eastern China. The water content that is higher than that of depleted MORB mantle and the hydrogen isotope composition that is deviated from that of depleted MORB mantle suggest that the Cenozoic continental lithospheric mantle suffered the metasomatism by hydrous melts derived from partial melting of the subducted Pacific slab below eastern China continent. The metasomatism would lead to the increase of water content in the SCLM base and then to the decrease of its viscosity. As a consequence, the SCLM base would be weakened and thus susceptible to tectonic erosion and delamination. As such, the crust-mantle interaction in oceanic subduction channel is the major cause for thinning of the craton lithosphere in North China. 相似文献
16.
Ayla Tankut Marjorie Wilson Tadesse Yihunie 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,85(1-4)
Detailed field mapping in the Güvem area in the Galatia province of NW Central Anatolia, Turkey, combined with K–Ar dating, has established the existence of two discrete Miocene volcanic phases, separated by a major unconformity. The magmas were erupted in a post-collisional tectonic setting and it is possible that the younger phase could be geodynamically linked to the onset of transtensional tectonics along the North Anatolian Fault zone. The Early Miocene phase (18–20 Ma; Burdigalian) is the most voluminous, comprising of over 1500 m of potassium-rich intermediate-acid magmas. In contrast, the Late Miocene volcanic phase (ca. 10 Ma; Tortonian) comprises a single 70-m-thick flow unit of alkali basalt. The major and trace element and Sr–Nd isotope compositions of the volcanics suggest that the Late Miocene basalts and the parental mafic magmas to the Early Miocene series were derived from different mantle sources. Despite showing some similarities to high-K calc-alkaline magma series from active continental margins, the Early Miocene volcanics are clearly alkaline with higher abundances of high field strength elements (Zr, Nb, Ti, Y). Crustal contamination appears to have enhanced the effects of crystal fractionation in the petrogensis of this series and some of the most silica-rich magmas may be crustal melts. The mantle source of the most primitive mafic magmas is considered to have been an asthenospheric mantle wedge modified by crustally-derived fluids rising from a Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary Tethyan subduction zone dipping northwards beneath the Galatia province. The Late Miocene basalts, whilst still alkaline, have a Sr–Nd isotope composition indicating partial melting of a more depleted mantle source component, which most likely represents the average composition of the asthenosphere beneath the region. 相似文献
17.
An interpretation of Karoo picrite basalts in terms of interaction between asthenospheric magmas and the mantle lithosphere 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The previously reported “mantle isochron” [20] from the picritic basalts of the Nuanetsi-N Lebombo area is interpreted as a mixing line between asthenospheric and mantle lithospheric components. The former, despite its probable derivation from a plume, is identified as a depleted, MORB-like, composition. On the basis of trace element characteristics the latter is demonstrated to be similar to lamproitic magmas, which appear to have acted as contaminants to the asthenospheric melts. Correlation between major elements and incompatible trace elements and isotopes, found in data sets of restricted MgO content, appear to result from differing crystal fractionation histories depending on the K content (i.e., amount of lithospheric contaminant) of different magma batches. Karoo geochemical provinciality may be partly a consequence of geographical position relative to the plume axis. 相似文献
18.
R. W. Carlson 《Journal of Geodynamics》1995,20(4)
Variations in the isotopic composition of rocks derived from the upper mantle can be used to infer the chemical history and structure of the Earth's interior. The most prominent material in the upper mantle is the source of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The MORB source is characterized by a general depletion in incompatible elements caused by the extraction of the continental crust from the mantle. At least three other isotopically distinct components are recognized in the suboceanic mantle. All three could be generated by the recycling of near surface materials (oceanic crust, pelagic sediments, continental lithospheric mantle) into the mantle by subduction. Therefore, the isotope data do not require a compositionally layered mantle, but neither do they deny the existence of such layering. Correlations between the volumetric output of plume volcanism with the reversal frequency of the Earth's magnetic field, and between the geographic distribution of isotopic variability in oceanic volcanism with seismic tomography suggest input of deep mantle material to surface volcanism in the form of deep mantle plumes. Volcanism on the continents shows a much wider range in isotopic composition than does oceanic volcanism. The extreme isotopic compositions observed for some continental magmas and mantle xenoliths indicate long-term (up to 3.3 Gyr) preservation of compositionally distinct material in thick (>200 km) sections of continental lithospheric mantle. 相似文献
19.
Najmieh Mohammadi Forough Sodoudi Elham Mohammadi Ahmad Sadidkhouy 《Journal of Seismology》2013,17(3):883-895
The study of mantle lithosphere plays a key role to reveal predominant tectonic setting process of a region. The current geological and tectonic setting of Iran is due to the ongoing continental–continental collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates. We applied a combined P and S receiver function analysis to the teleseismic data of nine permanent broadband seismic stations of the International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology located in different tectonic zones of Iranian plateau. More than 4 years of data were used to estimate the thickness of the crust and mantle lithosphere. According to our results, the crust is 50 km thick beneath the Zagros fold and thrust belt (ZFTB). We found the maximum Moho depth of approximately 70 km under the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone (SSZ) indicating the overthrusting of the crust of Central Iran onto the Zagros crust along the main Zagros thrust (MZT). Below the northeasternmost part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) and Central Iran, the Moho becomes shallower and lies at 40 km depth. Towards northeast, beneath the Alborz zone, the crust is 55 km thick. Based on S receiver functions, we provided new insights into the thickness of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheres. The location of the boundary between these plates was estimated to be beneath the SSZ, which is slightly shifted northeastward relative to the surficial expression of the MZT. Furthermore, the Arabian plate is characterized by the relatively thick lithosphere of about 130 km beneath the ZFTB reaching 150 km beneath the SSZ, where the thickest crust was also observed. This may imply that the shortening across the Zagros is accommodated by lithospheric thickening. In contrast, UDMA and Central Iran are recognized by the thin lithosphere of about 80–85 km. This thin lithosphere may be associated with the asthenospheric upwelling caused by either lithospheric delamination or Neo-Tethys slab detachment beneath the Zagros collision zone. 相似文献
20.
It has been suggested that much of the lithopheric mantle beneath the Colorado Plateau was hydrated by the dehydration of the Farallon plate when it was undergoing low angle subduction during the Laramide orogeny. If correct, low angle subduction could be a viable mechanism for weakening laterally extensive regions of continental lithosphere, allowing such lithosphere potentially to be recycled back into the Earth's interior and into the asthenospheric mantle wedge. To test this hypothesis, we model the release of water during prograde metamorphism of a flat-subducting Farallon plate by considering a thermal model for flat subduction and tracking open-system metamorphic phase equilibria. Our model indicates that significant amounts of water can be laterally transported ∼700 km inboard of the trench, close to the width of the North American Cordillera. The amount of water released is shown here to have been large enough to influence the rheology of the overriding North American lithosphere and the potential for melting at its base. Anomalously high S-velocities in the lithospheric mantle supports our modeled calculations of laterally extensive weakening at the base of the continental lithosphere. 相似文献