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根据黑泥湾近岸海域养殖期与无养殖期多站同步分层潮流泥沙实测资料,对黑泥湾大规模海带养殖区及周边海域的潮流动力特征以及悬浮体分布规律和时间变化进行了动态的研究。通过对比海带养殖期与无养殖期潮流动力与悬浮体特征的时空变化规律,分析了浅海海带筏式养殖对周边海域悬浮体动力特征的影响作用。研究结果表明,研究区大范围分布的海带筏式养殖群落使得潮流动力减弱,并改变了潮流流速和悬浮体质量浓度的垂向分布特征,海底边界层的潮流底切应力被削弱,抑制了海底泥沙的再悬浮作用,但在一定程度上加强了水体的垂向混合作用。 相似文献
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桑沟湾夏、秋季悬浮颗粒物的沉降通量及再悬浮的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用锚式悬挂沉积物捕捉器法,研究了我国北方重要海水养殖区域桑沟湾悬浮颗粒物沉降通量的分布特征,并通过金属Al标记法,同步测定了沉降颗粒物再悬浮比率。结果表明,桑沟湾的底层悬浮颗粒物(SPM)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、颗粒态总氮(PTN)和颗粒态总磷(PTP)平均表观沉降通量分别为1 511.4g/(m2·d)、20.01g/(m2·d)、1.497g/(m2·d)和0.474g/(m2·d),显著高于我国其他近岸海域,但底层沉降颗粒物再悬浮比率平均值高达92.8%,认为在养殖内湾,受再悬浮程度的影响,测得的底层表观沉降通量是中层的2.7倍,秋季明显大于夏季,海带和扇贝养殖区大于牡蛎养殖区。经再悬浮比率校正后的净沉降通量,仍存在着显著的空间和季节变化,但受控因素发生了根本转变;这主要表现为净沉降颗粒物质主要源于生物代谢活动强烈中上层水体,贝类的排泄作用使牡蛎和扇贝养殖区的净沉降通量显著大于海带养殖区,养殖贝类个体增大、排泄量增加使秋季净沉降通量高于夏季。在我国近岸海域,再悬浮作用的影响,会对该区域悬浮颗粒物沉降通量的估算带来巨大误差,因此该作用不容忽视。 相似文献
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基于2007年8月海洋光学浮标在珠江口投放期间获得的近16天的实测生物光学数据, 对一次藻华过程中水体总吸收系数和水色光谱的变化特性及其相互关系进行了研究。结果表明, 藻华前后水体中非藻类物质尤其是有色溶解有机物在蓝光波段具有较强的吸收贡献, 而当藻华爆发时, 随着叶绿素a浓度的急剧增大, 浮游植物的吸收贡献明显增强; 各波段之间总吸收系数呈现出较好的线性相关关系, 吸收光谱蓝绿波段比值的变化对遥感反射率的光谱分布有重要的贡献; 据此建立了对水体总吸收系数反演的经验关系模型, 表现出较高的反演精度, 计算值与实测值之间相对偏差的均方根在可见光波段可控制在24%以内。 相似文献
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长江口外海水中有色溶解有机物（CDOM）的光吸收特性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于2008年5、11月2次调查数据,研究了长江口邻近海域水体有色溶解有机物（CDOM）的光吸收特性及其时空分布特征,探讨了CDOM含量、光谱斜率Sg值及其与特征波长下吸收系数a（440）的关系.结果表明,春季该海域有色溶解有机物的吸收系数a（440）的范围为2.232~8.671 m-1,平均值为4.523 m-1;秋季其吸收系数a（440）的变化范围为0.390~6.135 m-1,平均值为2.209 m-1.该水体CDOM吸收曲线基本呈指数衰减趋势.在400~440 nm波段内,春季其光谱斜率Sg值范围为0.002 0~0.014 2 nm-1,平均值为0.008 7 nm-1秋季的介于0.020 8~0.052 6 nm-1之间.平均值为0.037 5 nm-1.同时有色溶解有机物吸收系数a（440）与Sg值存在着较显著的负相关关系. 相似文献
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黄东海非色素颗粒与黄色物质的吸收系数光谱模型研究 总被引：29，自引：3，他引：26
黄色物质和非色素颗粒物是我国近岸水体重要的水色成分,对其光谱特性的了解,直接关系到水色遥感色素算法的精度。文章对2003春季黄东海航次获取的数据分析处理,得到黄色物质吸收系数斜率经验值Sg=0.0175和非色素颗粒物吸收系数斜率经验值Sd=0.0103。经采用2002春季和2003秋季同海区试验数据进行检验,结果表明得到的光谱模型具有较强的区域适用性。 相似文献
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水体中的有色可溶性有机物(又称"黄色物质")是遥感监测水质分类的主要参数之一,研究其光谱吸收性质具有重要的实际意义。东海海区受长江冲淡水等陆源输入的影响,水体浑浊,光学性质复杂,以往对该区域CDOM吸收特征的研究相对较少。利用"九○八"我国近海海洋光学调查航次数据,获得了2006-2007年四个季节东海水体样品CDOM的光谱吸收数据,建立了包括杭州湾高浑浊水体、长江冲淡水、外海水体等东海不同水体类型的CDOM光谱模型及其典型波段的吸收系数分布情况。发现近岸受陆源输入影响大的海区其光谱性质与外海有明显区别,主要体现为近岸尤其在杭州湾附近站点短波段吸收系数值非常高,而且随波长增加吸收系数曲线衰减迅速,同时还有一定的季节变化,外海站点短波段吸收值则明显要低。这反映了CDOM的陆源输入特性,愈向外受到海水的混合稀释作用愈显著,验证了CDOM可以作为近岸海水水质监测的重要参数。对该海区内CDOM的实测荧光性质进行了相关分析,结果表明CDOM荧光与吸收系数之间有很好的线性相关关系,可以作为荧光方法遥感监测该海区CDOM的有价值的参考。 相似文献
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在2003年10月广东沿岸航次和2004年9月南海北部开放航次数据的基础上,分析了南海北部水体非藻类颗粒物吸收系数(aNAP(λ))的变化。结果显示,沿岸水体的非藻类颗粒物吸收光谱斜率(SNAP)平均值为0.010 3nm-1(标准偏差=0.000 7 nm-1),随叶绿素a浓度的增大呈现出减小的趋势,南海北部开阔海域水体SNAP的平均值为0.009 0 nm-1(标准偏差=0.001 3 nm-1);沿岸水体受陆源性输入的影响较大,表层水体aNAP(440)随盐度的增大而减小,随总悬浮颗粒物(SPM)浓度的增大而增大,aNAP(440)/SPM平均为0.045 m2.g-1;南海北部开阔海域水体非藻类颗粒物的吸收明显偏小,表层水体的aNAP(440)与盐度存在较弱的线性相关,与SPM之间没有表现出明显的相关性,aNAP(440)与叶绿素a浓度之间存在一定的幂指数关系,表明外海水体浮游植物的降解是非藻类颗粒物的主要来源之一。 相似文献
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依据2011-07强壮前沟藻藻种培养实验期间的实测数据,分析了其生消过程中各水色组分的吸收特性。结果表明:在生消过程的始末阶段,以非色素颗粒物和有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)吸收为主,中间阶段,则以浮游植物吸收为主。浮游植物吸收光谱在440nm和675nm存在明显的特征峰;在整个生消周期内先上升后降低,直至消失;非色素颗粒物和CDOM吸收光谱随波长增加均呈指数衰减趋势,前者光谱幅高先增后减,但后者变化无明显规律。各水色组分与叶绿素质量浓度均存在一定的相关关系,无论在生长期或是消亡期,浮游植物、非色素颗粒物吸收系数与叶绿素质量浓度存在正相关关系;但CDOM吸收系数与叶绿素质量浓度在生长期存在正相关关系,而在消亡期变为负相关关系。这可作为改进赤潮水体叶绿素质量浓度遥感算法、有效判别赤潮以及识别赤潮优势藻种等的科学依据。 相似文献
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水体石油类信息遥感提取模式研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
石油类是水体有机污染物中的一种,其对水体吸收系数的影响主要体现在有色可溶性有机物(chromophoric dissolved organic matter,CDOM)的光吸收特性上。在水色遥感领域,CDOM光吸收特性主要用其在参考波段的吸收系数和光谱斜率来表征。利用2008年5月、2009年8月和2010年6月在辽宁省盘锦市辽河油田境内获取的CDOM吸收系数、水体表观光学特性以及石油类污染浓度等试验数据,确定表征石油类污染水体CDOM吸收光谱特性的光谱斜率;根据光谱斜率以及表征CDOM浓度的440 nm参考波段吸收系数,建立遥感反演水体石油类污染浓度的模式,并利用31个野外现场实测值对模式精度进行了验证,结果表明,该模式的相对误差为7%;将该模式应用于国产卫星环境一号遥感数据,获取双台子河及辽东湾近岸水体石油类污染空间分布图。 相似文献
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珠江口颗粒物吸收系数与盐度及叶绿素a浓度的关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
海水中总颗粒物的吸收系数可表达成非藻类颗粒物与浮游植物的吸收系数之和，利用可定量测量的滤膜技术(QFT)测定水体中颗粒物光谱吸收系数。非藻类颗粒物的吸收系数随着波长的增大而减小，可用指数衰减规律来描述；光谱斜率S较离散，但平均值与文献报道的一类水体S的平均值很接近；光谱截距ad0(λ0)随盐度增大而减小，二者有很好的线性关系。浮游植物的比吸收系数和叶绿素a浓度之间存在非线性关系，但是，比吸收系数与叶绿素a浓度之间的非线性关系同时还与波长有关，在叶绿素a的2个吸收峰443nm和670nm附近非线性关系特别明显，而在530-640nm之间两者的非线性关系则较弱。 相似文献
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Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Interannual variability 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Piotr Kowalczuk Michael J. Durako Heather Young Amanda E. Kahn William J. Cooper Michael Gonsior 《Marine Chemistry》2009,113(3-4):182-196
Systematic water sampling for characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the coastal South Atlantic Bight, was conducted as part of the long term Coastal Ocean Research and Monitoring Program (CORMP). Water samples were collected during a 3.5 year period, from October 2001 until March 2005, in the vicinity of the Cape Fear River (CFR) outlet and in adjacent Onslow Bay (OB). During this study there were two divergent hydrological and meteorological conditions in the CFR drainage area: a severe drought in 2002, followed by the very wet year of 2003. CDOM was characterized optically by the absorption coefficient at 350 nm, the spectral slope coefficient (S), and by Excitation Emission Matrix (EEM) fluorescence. Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) was used to assess CDOM composition from EEM spectra and six components were identified: three terrestrial humic-like components, one marine humic-like component and two protein-like components. Terrestrial humic-like components contributed most to dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescence in the low salinity plume of the CFR. The contribution of terrestrial humic-like components to DOM fluorescence in OB was much smaller than in the CFR plume area. Protein-like components contributed significantly to DOM fluorescence in the coastal ocean of OB and they dominated DOM fluorescence in the Gulf Stream waters. Hydrological conditions during the observation period significantly impacted both concentration and composition of CDOM found in the estuary and coastal ocean. In the CFR plume, there was an order of magnitude difference in CDOM absorption and fluorescence intensity between samples collected during the drought compared to the wet period. During the drought, CDOM in the CFR plume was composed of equal proportions of terrestrial humic-like components (ca. 60% of the total fluorescence intensity) with a significant contribution of proteinaceous substances (ca. 20% of the total fluorescence). During high river flow, CDOM was composed mostly of humic substances (nearly 75% of total fluorescence) with minor contributions by proteinaceous substances. The impact of changes in fresh water discharge patterns on CDOM concentration and composition was also observed in OB, though to a lesser degree. 相似文献
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厦门湾有色溶解有机物的光吸收特性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了厦门湾九龙江河口区、西海域、同安湾及东侧水道海水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的光吸收特性,分析了CDOM的河口行为,并讨论了CDOM光吸收特性与其荧光性质之间的关系。结果表明,厦门湾表层海水CDOM光吸收系数a(355)的水平分布表现为河口区最高、东侧水道最低、西海域和同安湾介于两者之间,底层水a(355)的分布与表层基本相似,表明陆源河流输入是厦门湾CDOM的主要来源;a(355)的垂直分布为表层高于底层,主要受水文和生物因素控制。厦门湾表层水CDOM光谱斜率S的平均值介于0.014—0.018nm-1,但河口低盐度区S值较小,反映陆源腐殖质的影响。a(355)在河口混合中呈保守行为,表明CDOM具有良好的保守性质。CDOM的吸收系数a(355)与其荧光强度之间表现为较好的相关关系,指示可以用灵敏度更高的荧光方法来研究CDOM的分布和行为。 相似文献
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J. Foden D.B. Sivyer D.K. Mills M.J. Devlin 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(4):707-717
Vertical attenuation of light through the water column (Kd) is attributable to the optically active components of phytoplankton, suspended particulate material (SPM) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Of these, CDOM is not routinely monitored and was the main focus of this study. Concentrations and spatio-temporal patterns of CDOM fluorescence were investigated between August 2004 and March 2006, to quantify the correlation coefficient between CDOM and salinity and to better characterise the contribution of CDOM to Kd. Sampling was conducted at a broad range of UK and Republic of Ireland locations; these included more than 15 estuaries, 30 coastal and 70 offshore sites in the southern North Sea, Irish Sea, Liverpool Bay, Western Approaches and the English Channel.An instrument package was used; a logger with multi-sensor array was deployed vertically through the water column and concurrent water samples were taken to determine salinity, CDOM fluorescence and SPM. Surface CDOM fluorescence values ranged between 0.05 and 16.80 S.Fl.U. (standardised fluorescence units). A strong, negative correlation coefficient of CDOM to salinity (r2 = 0.81) was found. CDOM absorption (aCDOMλ) was derived from fluorescence measurements and was in the range 0.02–2.2 m−1 with mean 0.15 m−1. These results were comparable with direct measurements of aCDOMλ in the same geographic regions, as published by other workers.Spatial differences in CDOM fluorescence were generally explicable by variation in salinity, in local conditions or catchment areas; e.g. CDOM at the freshwater end was 3.54–11.30 S.Fl.U., reflecting the variety of rivers sampled and their different catchments. Temporal changes in CDOM fluorescence were related to salinity. A significant and positive correlation was found between CDOM and Kd, and although CDOM was found to be less influential than SPM on Kd, it was still of significance particularly in coastal and offshore waters of lower turbidity. 相似文献
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依据2017年8—9月对黄海海域溶解有机物(DOM)的调查，探讨了夏季黄海海水中溶解有机碳(DOC)和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的空间分布特征。在表层海水中，受陆源影响较大的近岸海域CDOM含量相对较高，北黄海冷水团区域由于水产养殖的饵料引起DOC浓度升高，且该部分DOC以无色为主。DOC浓度随深度逐渐降低，而CDOM逐渐升高，该特征在冷水团区域更为显著，因此DOC和CDOM在冷水团区域的表底差异远大于浅水区的非冷水团区域。陆源输入和初级生产是引起表层DOC升高的主要原因，而光漂白则引起CDOM降低，同时光漂白还导致表层水体中CDOM分子量和芳香性低于底层。底层溶解氧饱和度在冷水团为80%～93%，均表现为弱不饱和状态。层化不仅阻碍了O2向底层水体输送，还抑制了DOC和CDOM的垂向混合，这是引起冷水团区域表底层DOC和CDOM差异较大的主要原因。 相似文献
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The southern Changjiang River Estuary has attracted considerable attention from marine scientists because it is a highly biologically active area and is biogeochemically significant.Moreover,land-ocean interactions strongly impact the estuary,and harmful algal blooms(HABs) frequently occur in the area.In October 2010 and May 2011,water samples of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) were collected from the southern Changjiang River Estuary.Parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC) was used to assess the samples' CDOM composition using excitation-emission matrix(EEM) spectroscopy.Four components were identified:three were humic-like(C1,C2 and C3) and one was protein-like(C4).Analysis based on spatial and seasonal distributions,as well as relationships with salinity,Chl a and apparent oxygen utilization(AOU),revealed that terrestrial inputs had the most significant effect on the three humic-like Components C1,C2 and C3 in autumn.In spring,microbial processes and phytoplankton blooms were also important factors that impacted the three components.The protein-like Component C4 had autochthonous and allochthonous origins and likely represented a biologically labile component.CDOM in the southern Changjiang River Estuary was mostly affected by terrestrial inputs.Microbial processes and phytoplankton blooms were also important sources of CDOM,especially in spring.The fluorescence intensities of the four components were significantly higher in spring than in autumn.On average,C1,C2,C3,C4 and the total fluorescence intensity(TFI) in the surface,middle and bottom layers increased by123%–242%,105%–195%,167%–665%,483%–567% and 184%–245% in spring than in autumn,respectively.This finding corresponded with a Chl a concentration that was 16–20 times higher in spring than in autumn and an AOU that was two to four times lower in spring than in autumn.The humification index(HIX) was lower in spring that in autumn,and the fluorescence index(FI) was higher in spring than in autumn.This result indicated that the CDOM was labile and the biological activity was intense in spring. 相似文献
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Characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Baltic Sea by excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Piotr Kowalczuk Joanna Sto&#x;-Egiert William J. Cooper Robert F. Whitehead Michael J. Durako 《Marine Chemistry》2005,96(3-4):273-292
Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is the major light absorber in the Baltic Sea. In this study, excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra and UV–visible absorption spectra of CDOM are reported as a function of salinity. Samples from different locations and over different seasons were collected during four cruises in 2002 and 2003 in the Baltic Sea in both Pomeranian Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk. Absorption by CDOM decreased with increased distance from the riverine source and reached a relatively stable absorption background in the open sea. Regression analysis showed that fluorescence intensity was linearly related to absorption by CDOM at 375 nm and aCDOM(375) absorption coefficients were inversely related to salinity. Analysis of CDOM-EEM spectra indicated that a change in composition of CDOM occurred along the salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea. Analysis of percent contribution of respective fluorophore groups to the total intensity of EEM spectra indicated that the fluorescence peaks associated with terrestrial humic components of the CDOM and total integrated fluorescence decreased with decreasing CDOM absorption. In contrast, the protein-like fraction of CDOM decreased to a lesser degree than the others. Analysis of the percent contribution of fluorescence peak intensities to the total fluorescence along the salinity gradient showed that the contribution of protein-like fluorophores increased from 2.6% to 5.1% in the high-salinity region of the transect. Fluorescence and absorption changes observed in the Baltic Sea were similar to those observed in similar transects that have been sampled elsewhere, e.g. in European estuaries, Gulf of Mexico, Mid-Atlantic Bight and the Cape Fear River plume in the South Atlantic Bight, although the changes in the Baltic Sea occurred over a much smaller salinity gradient. 相似文献
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悬浮颗粒物及粒径是水质重要参数,其分布特征研究有助于加深对海洋生态环境的了解。利用2013年6月和2013年11月LISST-100观测数据,研究了黄、渤海区域悬浮物粒径和浓度的分布情况,浓度分布整体上呈现近岸高远岸低的状况,粒径分布呈现近岸细远岸粗的特征,季节分布特征明显;通过典型断面分析,悬浮物粒径和浓度随着水深变化明显,连续站数据分析结果表明大风对底层颗粒物的再悬浮作用显著,潮流对悬浮物的时空分布有着重要影响;水体衰减系数随着体积浓度变化明显;此外,还研究了悬浮颗粒物粒径Junge分布在黄、渤海区域的适用性。 相似文献