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1.
国际岩石力学学会建议了4种岩石I型断裂韧度（KIC）测试方法。将建议方法的人字形切槽巴西圆盘试样与直切槽半圆盘试样结合,可以得到具有诸多优点的人字形切槽半圆盘（CCNSCB）三点弯曲试样。近年来,CCNSCB方法受到许多关注,然而,其渐进破坏过程却尚未进行有效的评估。为此,对其进行了数值研究,其内容包括：进行细观损伤力学模拟,直观展现CCNSCB试样渐进断裂过程;考虑不同支撑跨距与直径之比（ ）的影响,发现 愈大,愈加符合测试原理,建议 取0.8;采用有限元子模型技术对CCNSCB方法（ 0.8）中计算KIC的关键参数-临界无量纲应力强度因子（ ）进行了宽范围标定,可供相关研究直接查取;细观损伤力学模拟峰值力对应的临界裂纹与有限元标定 对应的临界裂纹较为一致,证明CCNSCB方法测试原理的合理性,以及数值模拟与 标定结果的有效性。 相似文献
2.
The cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc (CCNBD) specimen has been suggested by International Society for Rock Mechanics for measuring mode I fracture toughness of rocks. Subsequently, this specimen geometry has been widely extended to conduct mixed mode fracture tests on rocks as well. A straight through crack front during the fracturing process upon the root of the chevron notch is assumed in the testing principle, but has never been thoroughly evaluated before. In this study, for the first time, the progressive rock fracture mechanism of the CCNBD rock specimen under mixed mode loading is numerically simulated. Specimens under representative mixed mode loading angles are modelled; and the assumption of the straight through crack front growth is critically assessed. The results show that not only the notch tip but also the saw-cut chevron notch cracks during the experiments, yielding a prominent twisted front, far from being straight. The crack front never grows up to the root of the notch ligament and the straight through crack front assumption is never satisfied in the realistic rock fracture progress of this chevron notched specimen subjected to mixed mode loads. In contrast, the fracture progress features typical three-dimensional wing cracking towards the loading ends. The numerically observed progressive fracture mechanism reveals that the measuring principle of mixed mode fracture tests employing CCNBD specimens is significantly violated and the measures of both modes I and II fracture toughness are uncertain. 相似文献
3.
基于P-CCNBD试样的岩石动态断裂韧度测试方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
预裂的人字形切槽巴西圆盘(Pre-cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc,简称P-CCNBD)是将人字形切槽巴西圆盘(cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc,简称CCNBD)的切槽尖端再稍加切削制成直裂纹前沿的试样。利用霍普金森压杆对P-CCNBD砂岩试样进行径向冲击,完成I型动态断裂试验后再做数值分析得到岩石的动态断裂韧度。为了验证数值模拟的可靠性,先进行了无限平面中一条有限尺寸裂纹表面受冲击拉伸作用的动态有限元分析,结果表明,数值模拟的结果与Shi得到的结果非常吻合。将试验-数值法和他人的准静态法分别确定的砂岩的动态起裂韧度进行对比,两种方法得到的结果有一定的差异。采用试验-数值法,将比较成熟的直裂纹巴西圆盘(cracked straight-through Brazilian disc,简称CSTBD)和P-CCNBD两种试样测得的结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。得到的动态起裂韧度都有随着加载率的增加而增大的加载率效应。分析了准静态法的缺陷,认为试验-数值法得到的结果更为合理。 相似文献
4.
既有离散元参数敏感性分析大多集中在压缩试验及巴西劈裂试验,对I型断裂韧度 试验细观影响因素及3D破裂过程系统分析的报道较少。采用三维平节理模型（FJM3D）研究微观结构参数及黏结细观参数对不同切槽形状的I型断裂韧度试验的影响。微观结构参数包括晶粒平均半径的平方根 、模型分辨率Ψ和最大/最小晶粒直径 。黏结细观参数包括平均配位数CN、S类型单元比例 、黏结抗拉强度 、黏结内聚力 、摩擦系数 和摩擦角 。参数敏感性分析结果表明, 与 、CN及 正相关,与 、 负相关,而与 、 、 和 无明显的线性关系,此外为获得较低的 波动水平,给出了参数 和 的建议范围。根据参数敏感性分析结果,校核匹配了Kowloon花岗岩直切槽半圆盘（SCB）和人字形切槽半圆盘（CCNSCB）试样的宏观力学性质。从细观角度直观、深入分析不同切槽形状I型断裂韧度试验破裂机制,得出SCB试验曲线的峰前和峰后行为与室内试验更为吻合。 相似文献
5.
Summary The effect of testing method and specimen geometry such as diameter, thickness, and crack length and type on measured fracture
toughness was investigated using specimens collected from a limestone rock formation outcropping in the Central Province of
Saudi Arabia. Straight Edge Cracked Round Bar Bend (SECRBB), semicircular disk specimens under three point bending, and Brazilian
disk specimens under diametrical compression were used in this investigation. SECRBB specimens were used for the Mode-I study,
and notched Brazilian disk and semicircular specimens were used for the mixed Mode I–II study. The results show that specimen
diameter and crack type have a substantial influence on the measured fracture toughness; however, loading rate, crack size,
and specimen thickness seem to have a negligible effect on the fracture toughness. Mode-I fracture toughness is significantly
influenced by specimen diameter and crack type, while their effects on Mode-II fracture toughness are generally negligible.
The different specimens (SECRBB, Brazilian disk, and semicircular) can give comparable results only when the proper span to
diameter ratio is used. The Brazilian disk with a straight notch was found to be the most convenient geometry to use for fracture
toughness determination. A simple method of making a precise notch inside the disk is presented, using the combination of
a drilling machine and a wire saw. 相似文献
6.
采用国际岩石力学学会岩石断裂韧度建议测试方法(ISRM)[1]提出的V形切槽巴西圆盘试样(CCNBD),测试了一种泥质砂岩的I型断裂韧度值,给出了一套试样切割制备方案,从试验现象角度分析了该泥质砂岩的断裂力学特性,讨论了该试样类型的有效尺寸和断裂机制,并指出了该方法的特点和优劣性,得出如下结论：（1）该类岩石试样测得的I型断裂韧度值对CCNBD试样直径尺寸变化具有较大的敏感性,并且直径大于ISRM建议方法中最小有效直径（75 mm）的试样测试结果更为稳定;（2）CCNBD试样断裂机制表现为以拉张应力（间接拉伸）作用为主,兼有一定的韧带面内剪切作用的应力状态下I型裂纹扩展模式;（3）V形切槽巴西圆盘方法具有试样加工工艺简单、能承受较大临界载荷、测试的I型断裂韧度值较稳定等优点,但其没有考虑断裂过程区(FPZ)的非线性问题,建议对该方法进行非线性修正图解方案研究,以达到更准确测定岩石断裂韧度的目的。 相似文献
7.
采用中心裂纹圆盘-霍普金森压杆(CCCD-SHPB)试验系统对大理岩中心裂纹圆盘试件进行不同加载速率下的纯Ⅰ型加载试验,研究岩石材料动态断裂韧性的加载速率相关性。考虑到试验中所使用的圆盘试件是带有中心切口的非理想裂纹,结合试件的实际加工情况,提出采用切口尖端形状为小圆弧形的预制裂纹,介绍了试件的制作方法,并利用有限元计算论证了采用这种形状非理想裂纹试件的试验可行性。结果表明,采用圆弧形裂尖、裂纹宽度为1 mm的中心切口非理想裂纹圆盘试件来代替理想裂纹圆盘试件是可行的,误差不超过2.13%。分析试验数据得出：非理想裂纹圆盘试件在纯Ⅰ型加载条件下,其断裂韧度表现出明显的速率相关性,且随着加载速率的增大而增大。 相似文献
8.
Mixed mode fracture experiments were conducted on Harsin marble using two disc-shape samples namely the Brazilian disc (BD)
and the semi-circular bend (SCB) specimens. For each specimen, a complete fracture toughness envelope ranging from pure mode
I to pure mode II was obtained. The experimental results indicate that the mixed mode fracture toughness depends on the geometry
and loading conditions such that for any similar mode mixture, the BD test data were significantly greater than the SCB fracture
toughness results. Therefore, the conventional fracture criteria which present a unique mixed mode fracture curve, fail to
predict the test results. It is shown that a generalized criterion, which takes into account the effects of geometry and loading
conditions, is able to provide individual fracture curves for theses specimens with very good estimates for the test results
obtained from both BD and SCB specimens. The BD and SCB specimens can be suggested as appropriate specimens for obtaining
typical upper bound and lower bound envelopes for mixed mode fracture toughness of rocks. 相似文献
9.
ISRM-Suggested Method for Determining the Mode I Static Fracture Toughness Using Semi-Circular Bend Specimen 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
M. D. Kuruppu Y. Obara M. R. Ayatollahi K. P. Chong T. Funatsu 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(1):267-274
The International Society for Rock Mechanics has so far developed two standard methods for the determination of static fracture toughness of rock. They used three different core-based specimens and tests were to be performed on a typical laboratory compression or tension load frame. Another method to determine the mode I fracture toughness of rock using semi-circular bend specimen is herein presented. The specimen is semi-circular in shape and made from typical cores taken from the rock with any relative material directions noted. The specimens are tested in three-point bending using a laboratory compression test instrument. The failure load along with its dimensions is used to determine the fracture toughness. Most sedimentary rocks which are layered in structure may exhibit fracture properties that depend on the orientation and therefore measurements in more than one material direction may be necessary. The fracture toughness measurements are expected to yield a size-independent material property if certain minimum specimen size requirements are satisfied. 相似文献
10.
用5种圆盘试件的劈裂试验确定岩石断裂韧度 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
用5种不同形状的圆盘试件测定了大理岩张开型断裂韧度。5种圆盘试件分别为平台巴西圆盘、带有中心圆孔的平台巴西圆盘、人字型切槽巴西圆盘、直切槽巴西圆盘和圆孔切槽平台巴西圆盘。加载模式是对径压缩劈裂。介绍了试件的制作方法,提出了用每种圆盘确定断裂韧度的公式。结果表明,含有切槽圆盘的断裂韧度值在0.78～0.91 MPa•m1/2之间,不含切槽圆盘测得的值在1.01～1.04 MPa•m1/2之间。有3种含有切槽圆盘测得的断裂韧度值比较稳定,其中孔槽式平台巴西圆盘能够制作理想的宽度较小的切槽。 相似文献
11.
Qi-Zhi Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1995,19(3):219-226
A stable crack extension is a precondition for fracture toughness tests using chevron-notched specimens. The paper analyses the stability problem for crack extension in two chevron-notched specimens suggested by ISRM. Stability factors are calculated with various compliances of testing machine under different loading conditions. It is pointed out that the loading manner, compliance of the testing machine, as well as the specimen configurations have great influence on crack growth stability. 相似文献
12.
Previous studies are mainly concentrated on the use of the semi-circular bend (SCB) specimen for determining the entire mixed-mode I-II fracture toughness of rock, while less attention has been paid to its mixed-mode fracture process. In this situation, this study investigated mixed-mode fracture behavior of the SCB specimen using the extended finite element method (X-FEM). The crack growth trajectory, crack initiation angle and onset of fracture were discussed in detail. This paper is expected to provide a better understanding of mixed-mode fracture process of the SCB specimen occurring during fracture initiation and propagation. 相似文献
13.
层理弱面对层状岩石的力学特性影响较显著，为了研究层理面特性对岩石断裂力学特性的影响，开展了具有不同层理方向的砂岩试样三点弯试验，探讨了砂岩断裂韧度及断裂模式的各向异性。之后基于有限元中的黏聚单元建立了数值模型，采用数值模拟方法研究了层理面强度对各层理角度试样断裂力学行为的影响规律。结果表明：层理方向影响下砂岩的断裂韧度及模式存在各向异性；同一层理方向试样的断裂韧度随层理面强度的增大而增大，且试样的层理面与加载方向夹角越小，断裂韧度受层理面强度变化影响越明显；试样的断裂模式不仅与层理面强度有关，还受层理倾角的控制，层理面与加载方向夹角θ = 0o试样断裂模式基本不受层理面强度影响，θ = 30o试样主要沿层理面张拉或剪切破坏，且沿层理面的破裂长度随层理面强度的降低逐渐增大；层理面强度较大时，θ = 45o试样主要沿层理面张拉破坏，θ = 60o～90o试样主要以贯穿层理的张拉破坏为主；层理面强度较小时，θ = 45o～90o试样均以沿层理面的剪切破坏为主，其中θ = 45o试样沿层理剪切长度最大。另外，通过数值模拟结果分析了层理面强度及方向对试样的起裂角及裂纹扩展路径产生的影响。该研究成果可作为层状岩石断裂力学理论的有益补充。 相似文献
14.
为了研究中心裂纹巴西圆盘试件在压缩载荷作用下T应力的解析计算方法,通过权函数法推导出集中载荷作用下T应力的显式表达式,进而得到分布载荷作用下的T应力表达式。与边界配位法进行对比,所得公式优点在于任意相对裂纹长度和任意加载角下的T应力值都能较容易的精确得到。进一步分析表明,分布载荷与集中载荷作用下T应力的偏差随着载荷分布角的增加而增加。集中载荷作用下,相对裂纹长度固定时,T应力随着加载角的增大而增大。中心裂纹巴西圆盘纯I型与纯II型断裂试验时,大多数情况下的T应力都为负值。T应力值对中心裂纹巴西圆盘测定断裂韧度试验有影响,想要通过使T应力为0来消除这种影响是很难达到目的的。 相似文献
15.
In order to study the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the type I fracture toughness of granite under ultra-low temperature conditions,semi-circular bending（SCB）specimens were used in this study,and different freeze-thaw times（1,2 and 3 times）were selected. The granite in the natural state was treated with -160 ℃ ultra-low temperature freeze-thaw cycles,and the three-point bending test was carried out on the granite after the freeze-thaw cycle. and microstructure effects. The results show that with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles,the localized damage of I-type crack tip of granite is intensified,the fracture toughness is decreased,the number of microcracks and pores in the rock is increased,the length of cracks is increased,and the pore size is increased. Finally,the changes of rock frost heaving force and fracture toughness under low temperature and ultra-low temperature conditions are compared and analyzed. Compared with low temperature conditions,the frost heaving force produced by ultra-low temperature freezing and thawing is larger. When fracture toughness decreases by approximately the same amplitude,rocks need more cycles of freezing and thawing at low temperature. The research results can provide theoretical reference for underground storage of liquefied natural gas（LNG）in ultra-low temperature environment. © 2022 Science Press (China). 相似文献
16.
以CCD相机配合高速相机搭建试验变形观测系统,开展不同加载速率下含Ⅰ型预制裂纹花岗岩试件的三点弯试验。利用数字散斑相关方法对试验过程采集的数字散斑图像进行分析,对不同加载速率作用下含Ⅰ型预制裂纹花岗岩试件裂纹扩展过程中的变形演化特征、裂纹扩展速率、裂纹尖端张开位移、裂纹张开角以及初始断裂应力强度因子进行研究,研究结果表明：（1）花岗岩试件初始裂纹扩展速率随着加载速率的增加总体呈线性增加趋势;最大扩展速率随着加载速率增加呈现先较快增加后缓慢增加的变化趋势。（2）不同加载速率作用下,花岗岩试件预制裂纹尖端张开位移均呈现非线性缓慢增长-迅速增长-线性增长的变形趋势,且线性增长阶段曲线斜率随着加载速率的增加而增大。（3）随着加载速率的增加,花岗岩试件初始裂纹张开角先逐渐减小后稳定在0.1o～0.13o。（4）随着加载速率的增加,花岗岩试件初始断裂应力强度因子呈指数增长。 相似文献
17.
原状冻土非线性断裂韧度测试与修正 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在以往原状冻土现场试验方法的基础上,针对原状冻土的非线性断裂力学特性进行了Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型断裂力学试验。在不同深度的冻胀量、冻深与时间变化规律下严格控制试样制作及试验时的温度,利用动态数据采集系统测出试样加力点处位移与力的关系曲线,并计算出相应的非线性参数。提出了利用非线性修正因子计算原状冻土断裂韧度的方法,并算出Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型直裂纹加卸载试样的非线性断裂韧度,将其与岩石断裂力学中的塑性修正因子方法的计算结果进行了对比,二者基本一致,说明该方法可以用来计算、修正原状冻土非线性断裂韧度,从而为冻土非线性理论的研究拓宽了思路。 相似文献
18.
国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）在1995年提出一种新型的岩石断裂韧度试样--人字形切槽巴西圆盘试样（cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc--CCNBD）,对该试样的一个重要力学参数即最小无量纲应力强度因子的标定,以前的分析和计算都没有考虑切槽宽度的影响。然而试样切槽的宽度受切割刀具厚度所限,不能为零。当试样较小时,切槽宽度则相对较大。通过三维边界元计算分析表明,切槽宽度越大,无量纲应力强度因子的标定值就越大;对于ISRM推荐的CCNBD标准试样,得出其最小无量纲因子值为0.954,这比ISRM给出对应值0.84要大13.6 %。同时,小裂纹应力强度因子曲线的变化趋势也发生了质的变化,这可能会导致实验的失败。推荐最小无量纲应力强度因子的标定采用考虑切槽的三维分析。 相似文献
19.
S. Valente C. Fidelibus S. Loew M. Cravero G. Iabichino F. Barpi 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2012,45(5):767-779
Many studies have recently been conducted to evaluate various mechanical characteristics of the Opalinus Clay (OPA) formation in view of its potential use as the hosting rock for the Swiss nuclear waste repositories. Its sedimentary bedding makes OPA a transversely isotropic rock and its directional mechanical properties need to be measured. This paper reports on an experimental and computational approach that was adopted to define the parallel-to-bedding fracture mechanics (FM) parameters of OPA in Mode-I. OPA cores from Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory (URL) were submitted to laboratory tests on notched semi-circular specimens under three-point bending (SCB). In these tests, crack propagation is forced along the notch direction. However, the 45° bedding inclination of the specimen axis frequently deviated the crack from the expected direction. An analysis of the SCB tests was performed by means of non-linear FM techniques and the pertinent Mode-I parameters along the bedding were estimated. 相似文献
20.
断裂韧度试样CCNBD宽范围应力强度因子标定 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）在1995年提出了一种新型岩石断裂韧度试样--人字形切槽巴西圆盘试样CCNBD,但是,其断裂韧度计算公式中的重要参数（即无量纲应力强度因子的标定）仍存在问题。采用一种新的分片合成方法并结合有限元法,参照ISRM给出的CCNBD试样的尺寸限制,对该范围试样的应力强度因子进行了宽范围的标定,以便在试验中能因地制宜地选用不同几何参数的CCNBD试样。结果表明：分片合成方法的计算值有很高的精度,不但减少了工作量,也使标定的无量纲应力强度因子比现有文献值更加准确、可靠。 相似文献