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免疫遗传算法在土石坝筑坝粗粒料本构模型参数反演中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了确定筑坝粗粒料本构模型参数的有限元计算理论与IGA相结合的反演分析方法,利用公伯峡筑坝现场大型载荷试验资料,对筑坝原级配料的本构模型参数进行了反演研究。结果表明,由于在微弱风化花岗岩掺加云母片岩,颗粒破碎严重,爆破堆石料（3BⅠ）的原级配粗粒料反演参数远低于室内三轴试验成果;与3BⅠ堆石料相反,砂砾料（3BⅡ）现场反演得到的邓肯E~B模型参数高于室内三轴试验值;室内三轴试验成果不能客观反映筑坝材料的力学特性,对于当今的300 m级高土石坝建设,宜加强对原级配粗粒料的力学特性研究;同时对原型实测的空间位移场不同拟合方式进行了探讨,认为仅考虑铅直向变形的IGA参数反演成果能基本满足土石坝工程的精度要求。 相似文献
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高心墙土石坝的安全性评价问题涉及到土坝的变形与渗流规律及相关力学参数的确定,是当前土力学研究的热点与难点之一。由于土石坝受施工过程中施工工艺、施工方法和施工质量以及运行期运行环境和管理方法的影响,土石坝坝料的实际力学参数与原设计参数有一定的差别。为获得西安黑河黏土心墙土石坝大坝填料实际的力学参数,利用大坝的应力、变形与渗流观测资料,通过深入分析大坝变形机制和渗流特征,建立了黑河黏土心墙土石坝变形与荷载之间的对应关系,提出了基于准饱和土固结理论的心墙土石坝分期位移反分析的思路与方法,实现了心墙土石坝施工期、运行期全过程反演。结果表明该方法可反演得到心墙土石坝填筑材料的主要参数（邓肯-张模型）、心墙渗透系数及湿化变形参数。反演思路与方法对同类工程设计与反分析具有参考意义。 相似文献
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This study concerns Tarbela dam reservoir which is a major resource of Pakistan in terms of electricity generation and irrigation
supplies. Rapid filling of reservoir due to sediment transported and deposited by Indus River is described and analysed in
this article. Causes of sediment deposition and their impact on dam’s function and life are studied. The main characteristic
parameters of the site are presented. The morphological evolution of the reservoir bed induced by dam construction, between
the year 1974 when the River bed was in its original state before dam construction, and the situation of the river bed after
the deposition of the sediment in the year 2006, is examined. A numerical model developed in this study (Khawaja and Sanchez
in Tarbela dam: a numerical model for sediment management in the reservoir; coastal and maritime mediterranean conference,
1st edn, Hammamet, pp 111–114, 2009) allows obtaining the above-stated provisional evolution of the reservoir over the coming years. Finally, five potential
remedial solutions are thoroughly discussed. 相似文献
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采用三维非线性有限单元法对牛牛混凝土面板堆石坝施工期和蓄水期的应力变形进行模拟计算,并结合沈珠江提出的指数型曲线流变模型,采用自行编制的有限元程序对大坝进行了三维流变分析,得到了坝体、面板在各个时期的应力和变形情况,以及堆石流变对坝体应力变形的影响;计算面板和周边缝位移时采用了三维子模型法,根据实际的坝体填筑、蓄水过程,对每一期面板浇筑之前的坝体上游面位移进行修正,并通过在面板与堆石体之间设置三维面-面摩擦接触单元,来有效模拟面板的应力、变形,为该坝的进一步优化设计提供了有益的建议。 相似文献
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结合实测资料和有限元方法分析建于深覆盖层地基上面板堆石坝的应力、变形特性。数值计算中采用邓肯-张E-B模型模拟覆盖层地基和坝体的应力、变形行为,同时采用无厚度接触面模拟面板和坝体以及防渗墙和地基之间的相互作用。整理和分析工程实测资料并与数值计算结果进行对比分析,重点分析坝体和防渗结构的力学行为以及面板堆石坝和地基之间的相互作用。比较分析表明,大坝最大沉降和压应力分别发生在坝体底部和覆盖层中,覆盖层对坝体及防渗结构的应力、变形特性具有显著影响,应力、变形实测值与数值计算结果吻合较好,说明数值计算结果的有效性。在此基础上,分析了覆盖层上面板堆石坝分期填筑和筑坝速度对坝体和防渗结构应力变形的影响。结果表明,分期填筑引起坝体较大不均匀沉降和复杂的应力状态,但一定程度上可以改善防渗墙的应力变形特性;较快的坝体填筑速度容易引起坝体较大的前期应力和后期沉降,不利坝体的施工和运行。 相似文献
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Settlement is one of the most important deformation characteristics of a high concrete-face rockfill dam (CFRD) and is regarded as a key indicator of dam safety. The time-dependent settlement behavior of the Shuibuya CFRD is studied on the basis of in situ settlement-monitoring records and displacement back-analysis. The goal of this work is to characterize actual deformation of the dam and to verify the back-analysis method used in this paper. The settlement-monitoring records were from seven control stations at the crest and 38 monitoring points inside the body of the dam and covered the construction period, the initial filling of the reservoir and 2 years of operation. A displacement back-analysis for parameters is performed by hybrid generic algorithms (HGAs) and finite element method (FEM). Comparative studies of monitoring data and back-analysis show good agreement between measured settlements and computed settlements. Furthermore, the deformation in the next 3 years is predicted on the basis of back-analysis. Overall, it is demonstrated that the deformation of the Shuibuya CFRD is basically stable and that the technique used to control the dam deformation is successful. 相似文献
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鲤鱼潭黏土心墙堆石坝在台湾“9•21”集集地震中有一定的变形损伤。为了研究大坝的地震破坏机制,分析了大坝的永久位移分布规律,同时采用有限元数据平滑方法,对大坝位移监测数据进行处理,得到了大坝的永久应变场。结果表明,大坝在强震作用下永久变形指向坝内,坝体体积整体收缩;由于反滤料孔隙水压力上升,有效应力降低,在上游坝体在反滤层附近出现拉应变;在两岸坝肩与基岩交界部位存在拉应变,易造成拉伸裂缝。 相似文献
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为研究河谷地形对深厚覆盖层中防渗墙应力、变形的影响,以某沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝为工程背景,模拟了狭窄河谷和宽深河谷并分别建立有限元模型,坝体材料及覆盖层采用邓肯-张E-B模型,防渗墙与覆盖层、基岩之间的接触关系采用无厚度接触面模拟,进行三维非线性有限元计算,对比分析两种河谷情况下防渗墙的应力、变形情况。计算结果表明：狭窄河谷中,防渗墙沉降和水平向位移及防渗墙与覆盖层的不均匀变形均比宽深河谷小,其中不均匀变形最大减小了24.8%;宽深河谷中,防渗墙受河谷地形约束作用较弱,竖直向压应力较狭窄河谷更大,最大增加了40.3%;防渗墙的竖直向压应力最大值位置受中性点位置和河谷地形的共同影响,其中竖直向压应力最大值约30%来自墙顶坝体土压力,70%来自与覆盖层之间的负摩擦力。其研究结果可为不同地形条件下坝基防渗墙的设计提供参考。 相似文献
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基于混凝土面板堆石坝面板施工的实际情况,指出了通常混凝土面板堆石数值计算在模拟面板施工算法上的缺陷。提出了面板堆石坝竣工期上游坝坡修整力学问题,建立了一种适合平面问题和三维问题的统一坝坡修整算法,对任何采用接触模型模拟垫层料和混凝土面板受力特性的有限元计算模型,都具有普遍意义,并在有限元软件ABAQUS中实现了该算法。算例分析表明：该算法简洁和有效,能够保持良好的网格形态,使接触非线性计算收敛速度极大改善,并使蓄水状态下混凝土面板和坝体计算结果更趋于真实。同时,对考虑堆石料流变特性,研究施工阶段或蓄水后混凝土面板与垫层之间是否会发生“脱空”现象提供必要基础。 相似文献
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The wetting deformation of coarse granular materials is often considered to be an important cause of the core wall rockfill dam cracks during impounding. By analyzing existing research results, this paper proposes a hyperbolic relationship between the wetting axial strain and wetting stress level and puts forwards a warped surface relationship among spherical stress, shear stress, and the ratio of wetting volumetric strain to wetting axial strain. To illustrate its practicability, the wetting strain model's parameter determination process is introduced and the rockfill materials wetting parameters are determined using the triaxial wetting test data. Moreover, the collapse settlement of Guanyinyan rockfill dam during first impounding is numerically simulated using the proposed method to calculate rockfill wetting deformation and verified by field measurements and monitoring data. The results show that the calculative method of wetting deformation proposed in this paper is reasonable and practical; the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill materials would cause an adverse deformation trend, which may lead to crack occurrence at the upstream slope and dam crest; and the Guanyinyan rockfill dam cracks on the top of junction mainly caused by the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill. 相似文献
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The moraine dam of the Tam Pokhari glacial lake breached on 3 September 1998 and caused a catastrophic flood in the downstream
areas. To learn from the event, a field survey was conducted. The survey team found that a landslide, which is considered
to be responsible for the outburst flood, occurred in the northeast-facing slope of the moraine dam. The dam internal structure
played a crucial role in forming a landslide that triggered the excess overflow and finally the breach of the dam. The internal
structure of the dam was made of alternating layers of finer and coarser sediments inclining at 30° downstream and layers
are truncated in the upslope direction by a huge pile of unconsolidated and structureless moraine materials. Since the upstream
slope angle of the dam i.e., 40° is larger than the angle of repose i.e. 35° of sediments, the increased pore water pressure
in the dam triggered a landslide. The rainfall and seismological activities of that particular day, which hit the record high,
were crucial in triggering the failure. It is estimated that the dam’s north and northeast-facing slopes completely slid involving
about 30,000 m3 of sediment mass of unconsolidated moraine materials above the shear plane. A slope stability analysis was also performed.
The calculated safety factor was 0.85, and the calculated slip circle agreed with the shear plane marked in the dam. About
18 million cubic metres of water was swiftly released due to the sudden breach of the moraine dam. 相似文献
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心墙堆石坝的湿化变形已经为人们认识和重视,面板堆石坝由于上游有混凝土面板挡水,其湿化变形很少引起重视,但由湿化变形比较明显的堆石料填筑的坝体,在降雨过程中往往产生较大湿化变形,影响混凝土面板的工作性状。本文研究提出了大气降水引起堆石体达到一定饱和度情况下湿化变形的计算方法。进行了滩坑水电站混凝土面板堆石坝堆石料湿化变形试验,采用弹塑性平面有限单元法,分析研究了堆石料浸水湿化对坝体应力变形以及混凝土面板应力变形性状的影响。 相似文献