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1.
Local and mine scale exploration models for anomaly recognition within known ore fields are discussed. Traditional geochemical exploration methods are based on multivariate statistical analysis, metallometry, vertical geochemical zonality and criteria of natural field geochemical associations, which suffer several shortcomings, including lack of a geostatistical generalised approach for separating anomalies from background. These shortcomings make the interpretation process time consuming and costly. Fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic and neural network techniques seem very well suited for typical mining geochemistry applications. The results, obtained from applying the proposed technique to a real scenario, reveals significant improvements, comparing the results obtained from applying multivariate statistical analysis. Computationally, the introduced technique makes possible, without exploration drilling, the distinction between blind mineralisation and zone of dispersed ore mineralisation. The methodology developed in this research study has been verified by testing it on various real-world mining geochemical projects. 相似文献
2.
油气化探利用地球化学方法寻找油气,具有直接、快速、有效、成本低的特点,已在油气勘探实践中取得了较好的效果,并在一定时期得到了较为广泛的应用。但油气化探作为一门新兴学科,在许多方面仍存在不足,其中异常的稳定性与重现性是制约油气化探推广应用的认识障碍。以河南泌阳洼陷（井楼-古城油田）和山东临邑洼陷南斜坡（临南油田）的实际地球化学测量资料为基础,通过已知油气藏上方不同期次（同年）、不同时期的油气化探异常特征的对比,从油气化探指标组合关系、结构特征、剖面显示、油气异常的平面分布等方面证实油气化探异常存在较好的稳定性,表明利用油气化探技术方法寻找油气是可行的,并进一步证实了油气化探在油气勘探中的应用前景。 相似文献
3.
Delimiting exploration targets using geochemical exploration data can be a challenging issue when different geochemical signatures represent the same deposit-type sought. In this regard, fuzzy operators have been used to integrate different geochemical evidence layers into a single model for generating target areas. In this paper, a GIS-based expected value function was adapted to integrate different geochemical evidence layers into a stronger geochemical signature for delimiting exploration targets. Then, the expected value function and fuzzy operators were compared. The comparison demonstrated that the former is more efficient than the later for generating a stronger geochemical evidence layer. The higher efficiency of the expected value function is because it simultaneously uses the value of all input variables and their relative importance in the process of integration. The proposed approach was evaluated by using a lithogeochemical data set for prospecting porphyry-Cu deposits in Jiroft area, Kerman province, southeast of Iran, as a case study. 相似文献
4.
U. Kramar 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1995,55(1-3)
In stream sediment and soil surveys, samples represent mixtures of components from different geological environments. Such mixed samples are misclassified when using conventional “hard” cluster methods. In fuzzy clustering, each sample is allowed to belong to several clusters. Similar to element concentrations, these cluster contributions can be displayed in contour maps (e.g. kriging maps). The amount of an element that is explained by the cluster contribution and element residuals can be calculated. The modified fuzzy clustering algorithm called “limited fuzzy clusters” used in this paper avoids negative residuals.Stream sediment data of Sierra de San Carlos, Tamaulipas, Mexico are used to demonstrate the possibilities of limited fuzzy clustering in geochemical exploration and mapping. From the different drainage systems, 681 stream sediment samples were taken and analyzed for 24 elements. A nineteen-element data set was used to calculate limited fuzzy clusters and element residuals. The contribution values for the clusters and element residuals are displayed in contour maps. All geological units were outlined by the cluster contributions. Extended anomalies are characterized by their own cluster. Small anomalies are clearly identified from the element residuals. 相似文献
5.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(4):125794
Several machine learning approaches have been developed for the identification of geochemical populations. In these approaches, the geochemical elements are usually the sole quantitative variables used as inputs for geochemical population recognition. This means that the presence of other qualitative variables, such as geological information, is overlooked in the analysis. Hierarchical clustering, as an unsupervised machine learning method, is a common approach for dimensional reduction in the analysis of geochemical data. In this study, an alternative to this technique, known as geostatistical hierarchical clustering (GHC), is applied to identify geochemical populations in 3D in the Bondar Hanza copper porphyry deposit, Iran. In this paradigm, the qualitative geological variables can also be incorporated for geochemical population identification, in addition to qualitative geochemical elements. In this study, an innovative solution is presented to tune the weighting parameters of each variable in GHC, based on the associations that the clusters (i.e., geochemical populations) should have with the geological information. The results are compared with k-means and number–size fractal/multifractal (N–S) methods. As a result, GHC showed better agreement with alterations, rock types, and mineralization zones in this deposit. Finally, some important instructions are provided for further mineral exploration. 相似文献
6.
经过研究发现，油气化探在松辽盆地东南隆起区具有较好的应用效果，烃类和蚀变碳酸盐法是该地区比较有效的方法。地球化学测量结果表明，十屋南地区烃类比较活跃和富集，这对在该地区利用地球化学技术寻找油气藏是个有利的前提条件。通过研究，在测区内发现了一些油气化探综合异常，这些综合异常的存在，客观地反映了研究区内具有成油气藏条件。 相似文献
7.
模糊评价方法在油气化探中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
油气化探指标的处理与综合评价是油气化探工作中的重要组成部分,它直接关系到油气化 探找油气藏效果。模糊评价是利用模糊数学中的模糊关系原理,结合已知探区油气化探指标在油气藏 上方或油气藏储层的规律性变化,找出反映油气藏属性的信息,结合地质环境资料,建立模糊评价系 统,对该探区化探指标异常进行评判。 相似文献
8.
探讨油气化探精查技术在松辽盆地某断陷北部地区的勘探应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过油气化探精查技术在松辽盆地某断陷北部地区的应用,总结出区内地表油气地球化学特征,提出化探精查技术方法和化探指标系列,并运用浓度异常,主成分异常,熵值异常等数据处理与解释技术,提取深部油气藏地表地球化学信息,评价多处化探异常和预测油气聚集的有利圈闭,为后期勘探工作提供钻探部署建议,其成果认识与同期三维地震工作成果认识相一致,为该断陷北部地区油气勘探工作取得阶段性成果作出重要贡献. 相似文献
9.
深部矿产资源的勘查是战略性矿产资源勘查的一个重要方面。找矿实践证明，化探方法技术在矿产勘查乃至深部找矿中发挥了重要的、不可或缺的作用。找矿工作的不断深入和找矿难度的不断加大，促使化探方法技术不断的发展和完善，在传统方法技术的基础上，研发出了许多新的方法技术。本文从方法论和系统论的角度出发，对现有的找寻深部隐伏矿盲矿的有效化探方法技术进行了系统的归纳和总结，提出了立体地球化学勘查方法技术体系的概念，将立体地球化学勘查方法技术划分为地面地球化学测量方法技术和地下地球化学测量方法技术，建立了深部矿产资源立体地球化学勘查方法技术体系。不同的方法技术有不同的优势和不同的适用条件，实际工作中应当根据不同的勘查阶段，不同的勘查目的和不同的地质地球化学条件选择不同的立体方法技术组合才能发挥出最大效益，取得最大效果。 相似文献
10.
“十一五”以来化探方法技术研究主要进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
"十一五"以来,化探方法技术研究主要围绕地质工作需求,完善了区域化探扫面方法技术,充实了覆盖区多目标地球化学调查方法技术体系,开展了1∶5万地球化学调查方法技术研究,建立了76种元素测试方法技术体系,编制出版了世界上首份76元素地球化学图集;深穿透地球化学调查方法技术与异常形成机理研究取得重要进展,油气化探方法技术在曲折中发展前进,化探数据处理与制图技术得到了长足的进步,资源潜力地球化学评价方法技术研究取得明显进展,深化形成具有中国特色的资源、环境并重的勘查地球化学方法技术研究与调查的新格局,使中国化探总体上继续保持国际先进水平,为走向世界奠定了技术基础。 相似文献
11.
In this paper soft computing techniques, self-organizing maps and fuzzy clustering techniques have been proposed to isolate different layers in stratified soil based on available cone penetration test results. The results have been compared with that obtained from cone classification chart, hierarchical and K-mean clustering techniques. It was observed that variation in result with self-organizing map (SOM) and fuzzy clustering for isolating soil layers is marginal. These techniques are found to be efficient compared to hierarchical clustering technique. The results of K-mean clustering show that the identified soil strata are similar to that obtained from cone classification chart, SOM and fuzzy clustering. 相似文献
12.
Seyed Ahmad Meshkani Behzad Mehrabi Abdolmajid Yaghubpur Younes Fadakar Alghalandis 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011
In regional exploration programs, the distribution of elements in known mineral deposits can be used as a guide for the classification of deposits, search for new prospects and modeling ore deposit patterns. The Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SSZ) is a major metallogenic zone in Iran, containing lead and zinc, iron, gold, copper deposits. In the central part of the SSZ, lead and zinc mineralization is widespread and hitherto exploration has been based on geological criteria. In this study, we used clustering techniques applied to element distribution for classification lead and zinc deposits in the central part of the SSZ. The hierarchical clustering technique was used to characterize the elemental pattern. Elements associated with lead and zinc deposits were separated into four clusters, encompassing both ore elements and their host rock-forming elements. It is shown that lead and zinc deposits in the central SSZ belong to two genetic groups: a MVT type hosted by limestone and dolomites and a SEDEX type hosted by shale, volcanic rocks and sandstone. The results of elemental clustering were used for pattern recognition by the K-means method and the respective deposits were classified into four distinct categories. K-means clustering also reveals that the elemental associations and spatial distribution of the lead and zinc deposits exhibit zoning in the central part of the SSZ. The ratios of ore-forming elements (Sb, Cd, and Zn) vs. (Pb and Ag) show zoning along an E–W trend, while host rock-forming elements (Mn, Ca, and Mg) vs. (Ba and Sr) show a zoning along a SE–NW trend. Large and medium deposits occur mainly in the center of the studied area, which justify further exploration around occurrences and abandoned mines in this area. The application of a pattern recognition method based on geochemical data from known mineralization in the central SSZ, and the classification derived from it, uncover elemental zoning, identify key elemental associations for further geochemical exploration and the potential to discover possible target areas for large to medium size ore deposits. This methodology can be applied in a similar way to search for new ore deposits in a wide range of known metallogenic zones. 相似文献
13.
勘查地球化学主要新进展与今后的重要发展领域 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
对国内外勘查地球化学一些最新进展进行了综述,认为矿体-成矿系列地球化学异常模式、矿区化探和隐伏矿体定位预测依然是今后的重要领域.同时提出急需建立新的生态环境地球化学理论体系,认为固体矿山受损生态系统的地球化学恢复前景广阔,值得重视的地方病生态环境地球化学预防-预警体系仍需加强.需要开拓研究的新领域有：污染土壤和水体植物地球化学修复理论和新技术、特殊地质环境与综合生态农林业开发的应用地球化学;国外特殊景观地球化学勘查新方法试验和应用研究. 相似文献
14.
15.
中国西部塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地油气资源丰富,是重要的油气能源基地,也是广泛应用化探技术于油气勘探过程的地区。总结这些地区油气化探的应用效果和成功案例,对现阶段西北地区的油气勘探具有重要的作用和意义。近20年,塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地陆续取得的油气化探成果,随着两大盆地油气资源的逐步发现,越来越多地得到验证。不仅表明油气勘探中运用化探技术可以带来勘探效益的提高,更证明了在现今勘探难度增大、勘探成本居高不下的形势下,综合勘探技术的成功应用可以缩短勘探周期,提高勘探成功率。 相似文献
16.
17.
Selection of potential areas for mineral exploration is a complex process and needs many diverse criteria. Combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) modeling with geographic information system (GIS) provides an effective means for studies of mineral potential mapping evaluation. Fuzzy AHP is an extension of conventional AHP and by using fuzzy theory is obtained the advantage rather AHP method. In this paper to provide, potential mapping for Cu porphyry mineralization used fuzzy AHP and GIS in the Ahar–Arasbaran areas, several criteria, such as geology, geochemical and geophysical data, alteration, and faults were used. Each criterion was evaluated with the aid of fuzzy AHP and mapped by GIS. The method allowed a mixture of quantitative and qualitative information with group decision. The results and its validation demonstrate the acceptable outcomes for copper porphyry exploration. 相似文献
18.
A prospectivity model for magmatic Ni–Cu deposits was created by integrating spatially referenced geophysical and geochemical datasets based on a simple and practical exploration model. The study area is the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt, Northern Fennoscandian Shield, Finland. Magmatic nickel deposits are related to rock types that are typically characterized by local magnetic and gravity anomalies. These deposit types can also be a source of nickel, copper and cobalt anomalies in the overlying glacial till cover. This straightforward exploration criterion was translated into a fuzzy logic prospectivity model. The model validation is an essential step in justifying the validity of the prospectivity model. This was accomplished by using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) technique. We used the known Ni–Cu occurrences and deposits as true positive cases and other deposit type locations or random points as true negative cases in the validation process. It appears that the ROC technique provides a robust model validation and optimization technique, providing that suitable validation data exists. 相似文献
19.
中国油气化探的近期进展和发展方向 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近10多年来,中国油气化探理念发生了重要转变,并取得了重大进展。开展了油气化探异常类型及成因机理研究,进行了烃类垂向微渗漏模拟试验,提出了“气相压驱裂隙渗透”理论;在酸解烃、蚀变碳酸盐、荧光、紫外等传统方法的基础上,开发了热释烃、高效液相色谱芳烃、物理吸附气、微生物专性烃菌等新方法;进行了非常规油气资源,尤其是天然气水合物、无机成因气的油气化探应用研究;开展了复杂地表区如沙漠、戈壁、黄土塬、山区等化探技术方法的研究;进行了雪样地球化学方法试验;海上化探蓬勃发展,尤其在南海、东海、黄海、渤海和台湾海峡开展了大量油气化探工作;研发了新的数据处理和解释评价技术,如决策分析、分形几何、人工神经网络等得到应用,建立了中国主要含油气盆地油气化探数据库。在总结经验的基础上,对油气化探的发展方向提出了一些见解。 相似文献
20.
现阶段地表油气化探技术难题与发展对策 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
虽然地表油气化探方法技术已取得显著的应用效果, 但是由于成功率计算标准不同及方法技术本身的缺陷, 导致人们对方法的认同度较低。当前, 地表油气化探技术的发展, 一方面要以可靠的实验依据、严谨的数理推导及理论模型应对来自方法技术本身的挑战, 另一方面也要利用其快速、廉价和直接的优势, 加强与地质、遥感、非震物探等方法综合应用。 相似文献