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1.
为了使储层流动单元划分结果更具有客观性,应用熵权TOPSIS法,以丘陵油田三间房组储层为例,选取孔隙度、渗透
率、粒度中值、饱和度中值压力、退汞效率和含油饱和度6个参数,将研究区储层划分为E、G、M、P4类流动单元。研究表明,不同
类型的流动单元有着不同的微观孔隙结构特征,其孔隙类型、接触方式、喉道类型、连通性和驱油效率都存在着明显差异。熵权
TOPSIS法具有较好的综合判别能力,划分的各类储层流动单元特征明显,为储层流动单元的划分及评价提供了一条新的思路。 相似文献
率、粒度中值、饱和度中值压力、退汞效率和含油饱和度6个参数,将研究区储层划分为E、G、M、P4类流动单元。研究表明,不同
类型的流动单元有着不同的微观孔隙结构特征,其孔隙类型、接触方式、喉道类型、连通性和驱油效率都存在着明显差异。熵权
TOPSIS法具有较好的综合判别能力,划分的各类储层流动单元特征明显,为储层流动单元的划分及评价提供了一条新的思路。 相似文献
2.
针对常规压汞实验不能区别孔隙和喉道的弊端,应用恒速压汞技术对低渗透储层孔喉进行了定量评价,并深入分析了
影响低渗透储层可动流体饱和度的主控因素。结果表明:渗透率越小,喉道半径分布范围越窄,其峰值也越小;反之,渗透率越大,
喉道半径分布范围就越宽,其峰值也越大;不同物性的样品其孔隙分布特征不显著,主要体现为喉道分布特征不同。可动流体由
孔隙和大喉道中的流体共同组成,与所处空间位置无关,只与孔隙和喉道半径有关。核磁共振可动流体的有效孔隙体积和有效喉
道体积的共同下限半径也就是T2 弛豫时间所对应的半径。 相似文献
影响低渗透储层可动流体饱和度的主控因素。结果表明:渗透率越小,喉道半径分布范围越窄,其峰值也越小;反之,渗透率越大,
喉道半径分布范围就越宽,其峰值也越大;不同物性的样品其孔隙分布特征不显著,主要体现为喉道分布特征不同。可动流体由
孔隙和大喉道中的流体共同组成,与所处空间位置无关,只与孔隙和喉道半径有关。核磁共振可动流体的有效孔隙体积和有效喉
道体积的共同下限半径也就是T2 弛豫时间所对应的半径。 相似文献
3.
主要通过中46井、青林1井、川科1井、龙深1井等的钻井岩心、岩石薄片、岩石样品地球化学的分析测试,并结合四川
盆地西部地区中三叠统雷口坡组钻井、录井、测井资料,对川西雷口坡组储层的储集岩性、储集空间、物性特征等进行了详细研究,
进而对储层类型进行了划分,并指出了影响其发育的主要控制因素,以期对川西雷口坡组的勘探提供理论基础,明确勘探方向。
研究区中三叠统储层主要发育层位为雷三段,储集岩性主要为(藻)砂屑白云岩、残余砂屑白云岩和藻团块白云岩等各类颗粒白云
岩和藻黏结白云岩,储集空间以各类次生溶蚀孔隙为主(如粒间溶孔和粒内溶孔),属于中孔中低渗和中孔高渗的孔隙型和裂缝-
孔隙型储层。储层可划分为3种类型:(礁)滩相白云岩型储层、风化壳岩溶型储层和热液白云岩型储层,其形成发育受沉积作用、
成岩作用和构造作用(抬升和断裂活动)的明显影响和控制。 相似文献
盆地西部地区中三叠统雷口坡组钻井、录井、测井资料,对川西雷口坡组储层的储集岩性、储集空间、物性特征等进行了详细研究,
进而对储层类型进行了划分,并指出了影响其发育的主要控制因素,以期对川西雷口坡组的勘探提供理论基础,明确勘探方向。
研究区中三叠统储层主要发育层位为雷三段,储集岩性主要为(藻)砂屑白云岩、残余砂屑白云岩和藻团块白云岩等各类颗粒白云
岩和藻黏结白云岩,储集空间以各类次生溶蚀孔隙为主(如粒间溶孔和粒内溶孔),属于中孔中低渗和中孔高渗的孔隙型和裂缝-
孔隙型储层。储层可划分为3种类型:(礁)滩相白云岩型储层、风化壳岩溶型储层和热液白云岩型储层,其形成发育受沉积作用、
成岩作用和构造作用(抬升和断裂活动)的明显影响和控制。 相似文献
4.
基于铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、恒速压汞等测试数据,对鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6储层及微观孔隙结构特征
进行了研究。结果表明,研究区储层主要以长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩为主,孔隙类型多样,主要为粒间孔和长石溶孔。恒速压汞测
试结果表明:平均喉道半径、有效喉道体积、平均孔隙半径、有效孔隙体积、孔喉比等恒速压汞相关特征参数与样品孔隙度、渗透率
之间存在一定的相关性。样品的渗透率越大,其平均喉道半径、主流喉道半径就越大,而孔喉比值越低。储层喉道是控制渗透率
的根本因素。储层孔隙发育主要受沉积相带和成岩作用控制,沉积相带的不同导致成分成熟度和结构成熟度的不同,从而影响储
层孔隙的不同;压实作用和碳酸盐胶结使孔隙减少,而溶蚀作用则起到一定的增孔作用。 相似文献
进行了研究。结果表明,研究区储层主要以长石砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩为主,孔隙类型多样,主要为粒间孔和长石溶孔。恒速压汞测
试结果表明:平均喉道半径、有效喉道体积、平均孔隙半径、有效孔隙体积、孔喉比等恒速压汞相关特征参数与样品孔隙度、渗透率
之间存在一定的相关性。样品的渗透率越大,其平均喉道半径、主流喉道半径就越大,而孔喉比值越低。储层喉道是控制渗透率
的根本因素。储层孔隙发育主要受沉积相带和成岩作用控制,沉积相带的不同导致成分成熟度和结构成熟度的不同,从而影响储
层孔隙的不同;压实作用和碳酸盐胶结使孔隙减少,而溶蚀作用则起到一定的增孔作用。 相似文献
5.
利用常规与恒速压汞、核磁共振等实验资料,对苏里格气田苏48和苏120区块低渗透储层的储集空间、孔隙结构类型
及渗流特征的研究结果表明,溶蚀型次生孔隙为该区的主要储集空间,晶间孔相对发育、残余粒间孔分布较少,伴有微裂缝发育
时,晶间孔转化为有利储集空间;该区储层的孔隙结构类型可分为粗态型、偏粗态型、偏细态型及细态型,4种孔隙结构类型的储集
空间组合类型依次变差;低渗透储层的品质主要受喉道控制,喉道是决定其开发效果的关键因素;与常规气藏相比,苏里格气田低
渗透储层相对渗透率曲线参数特征为:储层的束缚水饱和度较高,等渗点较低,共渗区较窄。其中Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类储层的储集空间类型
较好,喉道发育程度较好,可动流体饱和度较高,稳产时间相对较长;Ⅲ类储层的储集空间类型较差,喉道发育程度较差,可动流体
饱和度较低,稳产时间相对较短。 相似文献
及渗流特征的研究结果表明,溶蚀型次生孔隙为该区的主要储集空间,晶间孔相对发育、残余粒间孔分布较少,伴有微裂缝发育
时,晶间孔转化为有利储集空间;该区储层的孔隙结构类型可分为粗态型、偏粗态型、偏细态型及细态型,4种孔隙结构类型的储集
空间组合类型依次变差;低渗透储层的品质主要受喉道控制,喉道是决定其开发效果的关键因素;与常规气藏相比,苏里格气田低
渗透储层相对渗透率曲线参数特征为:储层的束缚水饱和度较高,等渗点较低,共渗区较窄。其中Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类储层的储集空间类型
较好,喉道发育程度较好,可动流体饱和度较高,稳产时间相对较长;Ⅲ类储层的储集空间类型较差,喉道发育程度较差,可动流体
饱和度较低,稳产时间相对较短。 相似文献
6.
利用X-衍射、扫描电镜、敏感性流动实验等技术方法研究了东濮凹陷文东油田沙三中深层高压低渗透油藏储层敏感性,
主要分析了敏感性类型、敏感性伤害程度及储层敏感性的影响因素。研究结果表明,储层具有弱速敏、中等偏强水敏、弱酸敏、弱
-无盐敏特征。在油藏储层常规流动敏感性实验的基础上,提出了体积流量敏感性,研究区储层体积敏感为中等偏弱。影响储层
敏感性最直接的因素是储层物性、储层孔隙结构及黏土矿物等。注水开发中后期,地层压力下降明显,储层物性变差,储层敏感程
度增强,注水效果差。 相似文献
主要分析了敏感性类型、敏感性伤害程度及储层敏感性的影响因素。研究结果表明,储层具有弱速敏、中等偏强水敏、弱酸敏、弱
-无盐敏特征。在油藏储层常规流动敏感性实验的基础上,提出了体积流量敏感性,研究区储层体积敏感为中等偏弱。影响储层
敏感性最直接的因素是储层物性、储层孔隙结构及黏土矿物等。注水开发中后期,地层压力下降明显,储层物性变差,储层敏感程
度增强,注水效果差。 相似文献
7.
在大量样品测试数据与图像的综合分析基础上,通过沉积环境和沉积框架下系统地定性分析与定量描述研究区长81
砂岩储层成岩环境、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段及演化模式,认为研究区长81 储层现今成岩阶段处于中成岩A 期—B期的早期;在
不同成岩期次的建设性与破坏性成岩作用过程中砂岩骨架颗粒的几何特征、压实过程中颗粒的错位现象、胶结作用以及次生孔隙
发育特征控制着储层孔隙演化,进而控制着储层物性和渗流特征。基于上述研究,以砂体胶结物类型与孔隙演化特征标定建设性
与破坏性成岩作用并划分出绿泥石衬边残余孔-溶蚀相、高岭石+伊利石胶结残余孔-溶蚀相、绿泥石胶结溶蚀相、伊利石胶结
弱溶蚀相、强压实-碳酸盐+伊利石胶结相5个成岩相组合单元。室内实验对成岩相单元的定性分析与定量描述具有一致性以及
与储层建设性与破坏性成岩作用演化的吻合性,有效地表征了成岩作用演化对砂岩储层的影响。 相似文献
砂岩储层成岩环境、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段及演化模式,认为研究区长81 储层现今成岩阶段处于中成岩A 期—B期的早期;在
不同成岩期次的建设性与破坏性成岩作用过程中砂岩骨架颗粒的几何特征、压实过程中颗粒的错位现象、胶结作用以及次生孔隙
发育特征控制着储层孔隙演化,进而控制着储层物性和渗流特征。基于上述研究,以砂体胶结物类型与孔隙演化特征标定建设性
与破坏性成岩作用并划分出绿泥石衬边残余孔-溶蚀相、高岭石+伊利石胶结残余孔-溶蚀相、绿泥石胶结溶蚀相、伊利石胶结
弱溶蚀相、强压实-碳酸盐+伊利石胶结相5个成岩相组合单元。室内实验对成岩相单元的定性分析与定量描述具有一致性以及
与储层建设性与破坏性成岩作用演化的吻合性,有效地表征了成岩作用演化对砂岩储层的影响。 相似文献
8.
9.
针对强非均质性碳酸盐岩储层微观孔喉结构差异所导致的孔隙度相似、渗透率和饱和度存在较大差异这一现象,开展
了孔喉结构的评价。基于孔隙度和渗透率,衍生出储层参数RQI 和RQF ;划分了压汞曲线的类型、分析了压汞曲线的形态,提取
了异于砂岩的压汞参数(SHg/pc)max;同时引入胶结指数m 值。以RQI 和RQF 为核心参数,建立各参数间的函数关系,以满足资
料丰度较弱的情况下孔喉结构的评价需求。另外,基于(SHg/pc)max与RQI 之间的相关性,在每个进汞压力测试点下,建立了SHg
与RQI 之间的函数关系,达到重构压汞曲线的目的。鉴于核磁T2 几何平均值与RQI 之间的相关性,可以利用T2几何平均值反
演储层的渗透率。分析碳酸盐岩储层孔喉结构和储层参数之间的关系,为完成孔喉结构的评价和储层参数的反演奠定了一定的
理论和实践基础。 相似文献
了孔喉结构的评价。基于孔隙度和渗透率,衍生出储层参数RQI 和RQF ;划分了压汞曲线的类型、分析了压汞曲线的形态,提取
了异于砂岩的压汞参数(SHg/pc)max;同时引入胶结指数m 值。以RQI 和RQF 为核心参数,建立各参数间的函数关系,以满足资
料丰度较弱的情况下孔喉结构的评价需求。另外,基于(SHg/pc)max与RQI 之间的相关性,在每个进汞压力测试点下,建立了SHg
与RQI 之间的函数关系,达到重构压汞曲线的目的。鉴于核磁T2 几何平均值与RQI 之间的相关性,可以利用T2几何平均值反
演储层的渗透率。分析碳酸盐岩储层孔喉结构和储层参数之间的关系,为完成孔喉结构的评价和储层参数的反演奠定了一定的
理论和实践基础。 相似文献
10.
页岩储层作为一种非常规油气储集体,对其孔隙体系的研究备受重视。通过充分调研和系统总结国际上关于页岩储层
微观孔隙体系的研究现状,综述了孔隙表征技术并指出了存在问题;以客观性和普适性为基础提出了两套分类方案;定性探讨了
孔隙演化的一般规律。目前最常见定性观测页岩储层孔隙的方法为高分辨率电子显微镜结合氩离子抛光技术,聚焦离子束扫描
电镜系统(FIB-SEM)和纳米CT技术可用于孔隙三维模型重构。高压压汞法结合气体吸附法用于定量分析页岩孔隙结构特征,此
外核磁共振也是有效测试手段。分别根据孔隙发育位置与岩石基质关系以及孔隙发育成因与岩石基质关系,将页岩储层孔隙划
分为粒间孔、粒内孔、有机质孔和微裂缝以及骨架矿物孔、黏土矿物孔、有机质孔和微裂缝。无机矿物成岩作用与有机质热成熟作
用是控制页岩储层孔隙演化的重要因素。 相似文献
微观孔隙体系的研究现状,综述了孔隙表征技术并指出了存在问题;以客观性和普适性为基础提出了两套分类方案;定性探讨了
孔隙演化的一般规律。目前最常见定性观测页岩储层孔隙的方法为高分辨率电子显微镜结合氩离子抛光技术,聚焦离子束扫描
电镜系统(FIB-SEM)和纳米CT技术可用于孔隙三维模型重构。高压压汞法结合气体吸附法用于定量分析页岩孔隙结构特征,此
外核磁共振也是有效测试手段。分别根据孔隙发育位置与岩石基质关系以及孔隙发育成因与岩石基质关系,将页岩储层孔隙划
分为粒间孔、粒内孔、有机质孔和微裂缝以及骨架矿物孔、黏土矿物孔、有机质孔和微裂缝。无机矿物成岩作用与有机质热成熟作
用是控制页岩储层孔隙演化的重要因素。 相似文献
11.
The contents of nearly forty-elements in surface sediments in Jiaozhou Bay were determined using a Neutron Activation Analysis Technique(Grancini,et al.,1976;Li Peiquan et al.,1985,1986;Li Xiuxia etal.,1986).This paper's detailed discussion on only nine elements(Fe,Mn,Co,Cr,Sc,As,Sb,Zn andV)includes their distributions,concentrations,correlationships,material sources,background,etc.Based on Zavaristski's classification method,Fe,Mn,Co Cr and V belong to the second group;As and Sb to theeighth groups:Sc and Zn to the third and sixth groups.It was found that their notably good correla-tionship is mainly due to the similarity of their ionic structures and that their variation is controlled by theFe content(except Mn).The source of sediments is mainly terristrial material,and the composition ofsediment is similar to that of shale and shale+clay.The contents for a large number of ele-ments are within the scope of the background level,but there still is pollution of Zn and Cr,at least in a few stations. 相似文献
12.
13.
贺兰山小松山岩体的岩石地球化学研究表明，基性岩的Mg^#为0．71～0．76，接近原生岩浆的值，超基性岩的Mg^#为0．80～0．89，具有岩浆早期堆晶的特征，稀土总量∑REE为（13．03～82．66）×10^-6；δ（Eu）为1．08～1．61，具弱正异常；（La／Yb）N为2．49～5．24，（Ce／Yb）N为3．01～4．97，配分曲线表现为轻稀土相对富集的右倾型。微量元素配分曲线图表现为大离子亲石元素富集。岩石地球化学数据综合分析证明，该岩体产于板内拉张环境，岩体形成过程中经历了岩浆分离结晶作用，后期发生了同化混染，岩体具有寻找铬-铜-镍型岩浆矿床的潜力。 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(3)
The age, growth and maturation of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis were determined with statolith data collected with a light purse seine from the Bashi Channel of central Pacific Ocean. The estimated longevity of the squid was no more than 6 months for females, and no more than 5 months for males. Growth in mantle length(ML) was best described by logistic models for both females and males, while growth in body weight(BW) was best fitted by power curves. The maximum absolute growth rate(AGR) and instantaneous growth rate(IGR) in ML or BW both occurred at 91–105 days for females and 76–90 days for males. Back calculated hatching dates were from October to January, with a peak in December, although the short duration of sampling date might have had an influence on the result. The lower percentage of mature females(37.2%) suggested that the study area during the sampling date was not a spawning ground for the species. Size and age at first maturity were 183 mm ML and 136 days for females, whereas they were 156 mm ML and 85 days for males. 相似文献
15.
Cloning, expressing, and hemolysis of tdh, trh and tlh genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) is one of the pathogenic vibrios endangering net-cage cultured Pseudosciaena crocea,Fennerpenaeus chinensis, and shellfish in coastal areas of China. Several types of hemolysins produced by Vp have been characterized as major virulence factors.They are thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH),TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) and thermolabile hemolysin (TLH). In this study, we cloned tdh, trh, and tlh genes from the genome DNA of VP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).We ligated the three genes into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+),and transformed the recombinant plasmids into Es-cherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The expression of recombinant proteins was induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalacto-pyranoside (IPTG). The recombinant proteins were expressed in a form of inclusion bodies and thus purified with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Western blotting results showed that recombinant proteins,TDH, TRH and TLH, could be recognized by rabbit anti-VP serum. The three purified proteins were renatured by gradient dialysis.The renatured proteins exhibited hemolytic activity except for TLH in the presence of phosphatidylcholine. These results not only are helpful for better understanding these genes’ functions under a single factor level, but also provide evidence for VP vaccine engineering. 相似文献
16.
PostlarvalPenaeus orientalis kishinouye were simultaneously sampled at three fixed stations near the mouth of the Dagu River estuary in northwestern Jiaozhou
Bay, China, at hourly intervals over a 49-h period in mid-June, 1984. The purpose of this sampling was to investigate the
prawn’s recruitment into estuaries from coastal areas.
The abundance of the postlarvae varied considerably between stations and time, but they tended to concentrate at the surface.
Maximum entropy spectral analysis was first applied in the study of prawn recruitment and it revealed that variations in abundance
involved a pronounced 12.4 hr cycle. It was concluded that natural tidal cycles had a strong influence on the changes of postlarval
abundance, in contrast with the minor effects of diet and other environmental cycles. A tidally varying cross-river gradient
of postlarval density was found. During flood tides the postlarvae were more abundant in the axis of the channel than over
the banks. The opposite held true during ebb tides. Mechanisms of the postlarval recruitment are discussed in terms of alternating
movements of the postlarvae between the banks and the channels in response to tidal cycles.
Contribution No. 1485 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica 相似文献
17.
18.
Monthly investigations were mae on the population of Chinese freshwater crab,Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to March, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature.
During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occurred from June through October. One year was
required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June–October. Females bearing eggs
were taken from June–August, and crabs with young were found from July–October. The females reproduced once a year but could
for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from
30 to 100 eggs. New-born crabs become mature after 1–2 years. The sex ratio was approximately 1∶1 in the overall population.
However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution ofS. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs (over 70%) from June to October and more immature
crabs (over 50%) from November to May. 相似文献
19.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(1)
Aquaculture production efficiency may increase by using feed additives. This study investigated the effects of different dietary additives [w/w: 2% small peptides, 0.01% probiotics( Bacillus licheniformis) and 0.2% prebiotics(inulin)] on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and oxidative stress in juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater of two salt concentrations(13.5 vs. 28.5). Weight gain rate was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides, B. licheniformis, inulin, or synbiotics than that in fish fed the basal diet; the greatest weight gain rate was found in fish fed the small peptide treatment [56.0% higher than basal diet]. Higher feed efficiency was detected in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides than that of fish in the other dietary treatments. Total protease activity in the stomach and intestines was highest in fish fed the small peptide-treated diet, whereas lipase activity was highest in those fed synbiotics(combination of Bacillus licheniformis and inulin) than that in fish fed the other treatments. Antioxidant enzyme(total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and hepatic malondialdehyde content were higher in fish receiving the dietary supplements and maintained in artificial seawater containing 13.5 salinity compared with those in the control(28.5). Hepatic catalase activity in grouper fed the diets with small peptides or synbiotics decreased significantly compared with that in control fish. Overall, the three types of additives improved growth rate of juvenile grouper and digestive enzymes activities to varying degrees but did not effectively improve antioxidant capacity under low-salinity stress conditions. 相似文献
20.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FRACTIONATIONS OF Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn AND Ni AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN URBAN SOILS OF CHANGCHUN, CHINA 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
GUOPing XIEZhong-lei LIJun KANGChun-li LIUJian-hua 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(2):179-185
1IN T R O D U C T IO N With therapiddevelopment of urbanizatio,nurban land was exploitedand utilizetdoform differendtomains be- ing subjectto many potentialpollutionsourcessuch as vehicleemission, industrialactivitieasnd household garbage.Particularl, yur… 相似文献