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1.
利用DS-InSAR技术监测沛北矿区地表形变 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
针对采空区地表散射特性不稳定、高相干点目标少且分布不均匀的特点,本文基于相干矩阵特征值分解（T-EVD）的DS-InSAR技术,利用Sentinel-1A数据获取并分析了徐州沛北矿区2017年1月-2018年12月的地表沉降特征。与常规时序InSAR监测对比表明,融合分布式目标的DS-InSAR技术监测点数量显著增加且空间分布更加均匀,能够更好地反映矿区地表沉降的时空分布特征,为煤炭枯竭型矿区地表沉降规律分析和机理研究提供了先进的技术支撑,在采空区地表沉降监测方面具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
2.
离子型稀土的开采活动会导致矿区地表极其剧烈的生态扰动,并且会造成当地的生态环境问题,而矿区地表热环境分异变化能较好地反映矿区的生态扰动特点,是一种辨识地表生态扰动的重要参数.离子型稀土矿区存在矿点分散且单个矿点面积较小的特征,因此获取实用性强且空间分辨率更高的地表温度数据对稀土矿区生态环境的监测具有重要价值.构建了一种... 相似文献
3.
朱爱萍 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(3):83-86
煤田自燃一直是煤矿生产不容忽视的问题。本文利用热红外遥感技术检测因煤火导致地面温度异常的地区,采用两种不同的遥感反演温度算法(单窗算法、基于影像的算法),使用ETM+数据并通过阈值分割法提取2010年乌尊布拉克煤田火区的温度。结果表明,两种遥感反演算法得到的地下煤火区地表温度的空间分布趋势一致,反演结果符合要求。据此对地下煤火的变化类型进行判断,并确定煤火的生成状况,从而为煤田火灾防治提供必要的决策支持。 相似文献
4.
With the advent of mining activities at Raniganj coalfield in India, the natural topography has been defaced in some elongated tracts by either excavation or dumping. This paper deals with opencast mining induced defaced topography of Raniganj coalfield, which needs to be reclaimed properly right after mining. This paper investigated intensity of defacing topography, magnitude of topographic deformations through a number of ex-situ measurement. Consequences of these topographic deformations are also investigated in this study. Through a number of ex-situ measurement based on Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques, generating contour and profiling them over the spoil dumps and excavated lows using fine resolution digital elevation data (Remote Sensing image), a total 132 (85 are abandoned and 47 are working) patches of defaced topography have been identified, which covers 43.26 sq km. surface area. Some working opencast quarries are more than 95 m deep, with an area of more than 2.4 sq km and dumped ridges are more than 60 m high (peak), with area more than 1.5 sq km. In case of abandoned mine (more than 20 years) some quarries are more than 28 m deep with area 0.99 sq km. and some of dumped ridges are more than 28 m high (peak), with area 0.29 sq km. These kinds of defaced surface remain for a long time, such quarries contain acidic logged water and spoil dump leads to acid mine drainage and erosion of loose soil particle. It deteriorates the entire land, water system of the region. The study suggests restoring land right after mining and the area made to be ecologically conformable. 相似文献
5.
资源型城市长时间序列土壤含水量变化分析——以锡林浩特市为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大规模的煤炭开采活动将对生态环境产生扰动,而土壤含水量是受扰动的生态参数之一,且具有重要意义。现有的土壤含水量产品分辨率较低,不适用于区域尺度的研究,而高精度的微波反演由于数据的局限性无法进行长时间序列的研究。本文以我国的重要产煤基地锡林浩特市为研究区,以2004—2020年的AMSR-E与AMSR-2土壤含水量产品及同期的Landsat遥感影像为主要数据源,采用随机森林方法对AMSR-E/2土壤含水量产品进行降尺度处理,通过标准差椭圆等方法对研究区土壤含水量的变化特征进行分析。结果表明：①被动微波土壤含水量降尺度方法可实现对资源型城市的土壤含水量进行长时间序列、高空间分辨率的监测;②无论在矿区还是非矿区,降水均是影响土壤含水量变化的主导因素;③研究区土壤含水量的整体分布在空间上由西北向东南呈现逐渐升高的变化特征,且此分布格局在长时间尺度上保持稳定;④煤炭开采活动对土壤含水量产生扰动,且不同开采阶段的影响具有不同特征。研究结果可为资源型城市生态环境的评价与保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
6.
矿区岩溶陷落柱探测中遥感与地理信息系统技术的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
岩溶陷落柱是煤矿生产中严重的地质灾害之一。本文研究了陷落柱的遥感图像特征，从中提取了矿山环形和线性构造及热异常区，并结合实际地质，采矿资料，应用ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ地理信息系统进行多因素复合分析，预测陷落柱的可能分布区，进而实施探验证，结果表明，这种综合探测技术方案效果好，费用省。 相似文献
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露天煤矿开采易对区域生态环境产生不利影响,对其进行高效监管有利于矿区环境保护和可持续发展。随着遥感技术和人工智能的发展,基于高分辨率遥感影像的露天煤矿区场景自动识别成为可能。本文针对单标签学习算法在场景子区域识别中识别率较低的问题,将多标签学习策略和地理学第一定律相结合,提出一种基于子区域多标签学习的露天煤矿区场景识别方法。为了区分露天煤矿区场景与其周边场景,设置了6类矿区标签和7类非矿区标签,对9768张场景子区域图像进行标注,构建多标签数据集,利用该数据集训练基于多标签学习的Inception-v3模型。场景识别时,首先将一幅覆盖研究区的遥感影像划分为相同大小的子区域并进行多标签分类;然后对含有矿区标签的子区域,利用地理学第一定律对其矿区标签的相关性和完整性进行判定,识别出属于露天煤矿区场景的子区域。胜利西露天煤矿区识别实验结果表明：该方法提取的结果最接近真值,显著高于单标签学习的识别精度;其子区域多标签分类F1分数达到0.857,与单标签学习中性能最好的ResNet50模型相比,提高了8个百分点。本文提出的方法能够自动提取子区域内多类标签的有效特征,提高露天煤矿区场景识别的精度,... 相似文献
9.
为助力健全自然资源监测体制、落实生态文明建设各项要求、提供优质高效的用地保障服务,采煤沉陷区调查监测意义重大。本文基于多源遥感数据,结合传统测量和现代遥感技术,构建了山西省采煤沉陷区调查监测体系。研究结果表明,本文基本摸清了山西省采煤沉陷区分布情况,其总面积为6500 km^(2),与山西省矿区及采空区分布高度重叠;土地利用以林地、耕地及草地为主;土地损毁以轻、中度为主。受采煤沉陷的影响,拟搬迁村庄1221个,仍有400多个村庄未搬迁。 相似文献
10.
融合D-InSAR与GIS技术的矿区开采沉陷形变监测及预测方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量（D-InSAR）技术能监测大范围地表形变信息,但单一的D-InSAR技术不能精确分析沉降分布的范围和位置的问题,本文以淮北袁店二矿为例,首先选择2015年4—5月2景C波段Radarsat-2和7—12月6景Sentinel-1卫星影像数据作为干涉影像数据构成6个干涉影像对,通过二轨法对其进行差分干涉处理和相位解缠提取干涉形变图;然后将D-InSAR差分干涉图与开采平面、开采计划图导入ArcGIS进行叠加,分析矿区开采沉陷区域的空间动态分布位置并进行定量分析;最后采用灰色理论模型进行预测。结果表明：D-InSAR叠加分析图能反映出在煤炭开采过程中沉降区域位置和分布范围;D-InSAR预测值与实测值最大相对误差和方差比分别为11.5%和0.097。 相似文献
11.
We performed an in-depth literature survey to identify the most popular data mining approaches that have been applied for raster mapping of ecological parameters through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remotely sensed data. Popular data mining approaches included decision trees or “data mining” trees which consist of regression and classification trees, random forests, neural networks, and support vector machines. The advantages of each data mining approach as well as approaches to avoid overfitting are subsequently discussed. We also provide suggestions and examples for the mapping of problematic variables or classes, future or historical projections, and avoidance of model bias. Finally, we address the separate issues of parallel processing, error mapping, and incorporation of “no data” values into modeling processes. Given the improved availability of digital spatial products and remote sensing products, data mining approaches combined with parallel processing potentials should greatly improve the quality and extent of ecological datasets. 相似文献
12.
Prasun K. Gangopadhyay Freek van der Meer Paul van Dijk 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009
Over the time-scale, earth's atmospheric CO2 concentration has varied and that is mostly determined by balance among the geochemical processes including burial of organic carbon in sediments, silicate rock weathering and volcanic activity. The best recorded atmospheric CO2 variability is derived from Vostok ice core that records last four glacial/interglacial cycles. The present CO2 concentration of earth's atmosphere has exceeded far that it was predicted from the ice core data. Other than rapid industrialization and urbanization since last century, geo-natural hazards such as volcanic activity, leakage from hydrocarbon reservoirs and spontaneous combustion of coal contribute a considerable amount of CO2 to the atmosphere. Spontaneous combustion of coal is common occurrence in most coal producing countries and sometimes it could be in an enormous scale. Remote sensing has already proved to be a significant tool in coalfire identification and monitoring studies. However, coalfire related CO2 quantification from remote sensing data has not endeavoured yet by scientific communities because of low spectral resolution of commercially available remote sensing data and relatively sparse CO2 plume than other geological hazards like volcanic activity. The present research has attempted two methods to identify the CO2 flux emitted from coalfires in a coalmining region in north China. Firstly, a band rationing method was used for column atmospheric retrieval of CO2 and secondly atmospheric models were simulated in fast atmospheric signature code (FASCOD) to understand the local radiation transport and then the model was implemented with the inputs from hyperspectral remote sensing data. It was observed that retrieval of columnar abundance of CO2 with the band rationing method is faster as less simulation required in FASCOD. Alternatively, the inversion model could retrieve CO2 concentration from a (certain) source because it excludes the uncertainties in the higher altitude. 相似文献
13.
Being able to quantify land cover changes due to mining and reclamation at a watershed scale is of critical importance in managing and assessing their potential impacts to the Earth system. In this study, a remote sensing-based methodology is proposed for quantifying the impact of surface mining activity and reclamation from a watershed to local scale. The method is based on a Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier combined with multi-temporal change detection of Landsat TM imagery. The performance of the technique was evaluated at selected open mining sites located in the island of Milos in Greece. Assessment of the mining impact in the studied areas was based on the confusion matrix statistics, supported by co-orbital QuickBird-2 very high spatial resolution imagery. Overall classification accuracy of the thematic land cover maps produced was reported over 90%. Our analysis showed expansion of mining activity throughout the whole 23-year study period, while the transition of mining areas to soil and vegetation was evident in varying rates. Our results evidenced the ability of the method under investigation in deriving highly and accurate land cover change maps, able to identify the mining areas as well as those in which excavation was replaced by natural vegetation. All in all, the proposed technique showed considerable promise towards the support of a sustainable environmental development and prudent resource management. 相似文献
14.
Yang Song 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(1):19-37
Heat stress as an environmental hazard which can seriously affect productivity, health, or even survival of individuals has long been studied. Despite the endeavors that have been made to address the issue quantitatively with various heat stress indices, they are often measured at scatter sites. This research devotes to revealing human heat stress within continuous space with remote sensing technology. The study began with the retrieval of dry-bulb temperature from land surface temperature (LST) with empirical models. As wet-bulb temperature was calculated from dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity, discomfort index (DI) as an indicator of heat stress was revealed for the study area at 1 km spatial resolution for three summer days. Results indicated that DI can be derived within continuous space with remotely sensed data, and its spatial distribution can be dramatically affected by relative humidity. Further comparison between DI and LST indicated that LST as a widely utilized indicator of surface thermal condition fails to address human heat stress as environmental factors such as relative humidity are not taken into account. 相似文献
15.
将模糊关联规则挖掘方法与模糊空间概念层次表达、模糊空间关系层次分析等结合起来，研究模糊空间关联规则挖掘的理论和方法。对于挖掘算法以及规则的置信度和隶属度计算问题，文中结合应用实际，给出了详细理论推演和算法实现过程。 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACT Inner Mongolia is an important ecological zone of northern China and 67% of its land area is grassland. This ecologically fragile region has experienced significant vegetation degradation during the last decades. Although the spatial extents and rates of vegetation change have previously been characterized through various remote sensing and GIS studies, the underlying driving factors of vegetation changes are still not well understood. In this study, we first used time-series MODIS NDVI data from 2000 to 2016 to characterize the temporal trend of vegetation changes. These vegetation change trends were compared with climate and socioeconomic variables to determine the potential drivers. We used a set of statistical methods, including multiple linear regression (MLR), spatial correlation analysis, and partial least squares (PLS) regression analyzes, to quantify the spatial distribution of the driving forces and their relative importance to vegetation changes. Results show that the main driving factors and their impact magnitude (weight) are in the order of human activities (r = -0.785, p < 0.01, VIP = 1.37), precipitation (r = 0.541, p < 0.05, VIP = 0.89), temperature (r = -0.319, p > 0.05 VIP = 0.59). The area affected by human activities was 10.57%. Specific human activities, such as coal mining and grazing were negatively associated with vegetation cover, while eco-engineering projects had positive impacts. This study provided thorough quantification of driving forces of vegetation change and enhanced our understanding of their interactions. Our integrated geospatial-statistical approach is particularly important for sustainable development of ecosystem balance in Chen Barag Banner and other areas facing similar challenges. 相似文献
17.
本文利用2006年、2010年沈阳市地区TM遥感数据,采用影像IB算法反演地表温度,分析了沈阳市热岛效应的空间分布特征、变化现象以及地表温度与归一化植被指数(NDVI)、归一化建筑指数(NDBI)之间的相关性。研究表明沈阳市热岛效应总体呈现由市中心向四周逐渐扩张的空间特征,地表温度与归一化植被指数(ND-VI)存在紧密的负线性相关关系,地表温度与归一建筑指数(NDBI)存在正相关关系。 相似文献
18.
Alfred A. Duker Alfred SteinMartin Hale 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006
Buruli ulcer (BU), a skin ulceration caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU), is the second most widespread mycobacterium infection in Ghana. Its infection pathway is possibly related to the potable and agricultural water supply. This study aims to identify environmental factors that influence infection in a part of Ghana. It examines the significance of contaminated surface drainage channels and groundwater using conditional autoregressive (CAR) statistical modelling. This type of modelling implies that the spatial pattern of BU incidence in one community depends on the influence of the environment in neighbouring communities. Covariates were included to assess the spatial relationship between environmental risk factors and BU incidence in the study area. The study reveals an association between (a) the mean As content of soil and spatial distribution of BU and (b) the distance to sites of gold mining and spatial distribution of BU. We conclude that both arsenic in the natural environment and gold mining influence BU infection. 相似文献
19.
The multi-source data fusion methods are rarely involved in VNIR and thermal infrared remote sensing at present. Therefore, the potential advantages of the two kinds of data have not yet been adequately tapped, which results in low calculation precision of parameters related with land surface temperature. A new fusion method is put forward where the characteristics of the high spatial resolution of VNIR (visible and near infrared) data and the high temporal resolution of thermal infrared data are fully explored in this paper. Non-linear fusion is implemented to obtain the land surface temperature in high spatial resolution and the high temporal resolution between the land surface parameters estimated from VNIR data and the thermal infrared data by means of GA-SOFM (genetic algorithms & self-organizing feature maps)-ANN (artificial neural network). Finally, the method is verified by ASTER satellite data. The result shows that the method is simple and convenient and can rapidly capture land surface temperature distribution of higher resolution with high precision. 相似文献
20.
Many real-world applications require remotely sensed images at both high spatial and temporal resolutions. This requirement, however, is generally not met by single satellite system. A number of spatiotemporal fusion models have been developed to overcome this constraint. Landsat and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data have been extensively used for detection and monitoring of active fires at different scales. Fusing the data obtained from these sensors will, therefore, significantly contribute to the satellite-based monitoring of fires. Among the available spatiotemporal fusion methods, the spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM) and enhanced STARFM (ESTARFM) algorithms have been widely used for studying the land surface dynamics in the homogeneous and heterogeneous regions. The present study explores the applicability of STARFM and ESTARFM algorithms for fusing the high spatial resolution Landsat-8 OLI data with high temporal resolution VIIRS data in the context of active surface coal fire monitoring. Further, a modified version of ESTARFM algorithm, referred as modified-ESTARFM, is developed to improve the performance of the fusion model. Jharia coalfield (India), known for widespread occurrences of coal fires, is taken as the study area. The qualitative and quantitative assessments of the predicted (synthetic) Landsat-like images from different algorithms (STARFM, modified-STARFM, ESTARFM, modified-ESTARFM) indicate that the modified-ESTARFM outperforms the other fusion approaches used in this study. Considering the advantages, limitations and performance of the algorithms used, modified-ESTARFM along with STARFM can be used for surface coal fire monitoring. The study will not only contribute to remote sensing based coal fire studies but also to other applications, such as forest fires, crop residue burning, land cover and land use change, vegetation phenology, etc. 相似文献