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1.
Jeffrey McNeill 《New Zealand geographer》2019,75(3):130-139
The New Zealand government approach to regional development and the economy more broadly has oscillated from the 1970s economic growth and investment focus to 1980s neoliberal neglect, followed by the more recent rediscovery of the regions' importance in national economies, all with tenuous outcomes. This paper explores the changing scope of regional development initiatives by successive New Zealand governments over the last 60 years to show a pattern of opportunism and neglect that suggests regional development is more aligned to electoral priorities than regional success. 相似文献
2.
Hollowing out the state? Some observations on the restructuring of hospital services in New Zealand 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J Ross Barnett 《Area》1999,31(3):259-270
Summary This study applies Jessop's idea of the 'hollowed-out' state to an analysis of the restructuring of hospital services in New Zealand. Decentralization of responsibility for the funding and provision of hospital services to regional and local levels has had distinct fiscal and political advantages for the state and is rapidly changing the geography of hospital provision. 相似文献
3.
Regional development has evolved in response to shifting local and global priorities. These shifts have transformed both the way we think about regions, their role and how that shapes the outcomes and benefits that might occur from engaging in regional development. Key debates centre around the ability (or desirability) of regional development interventions to unsettle path dependence and “lock‐in” created by past approaches and to create opportunities for alternative development futures and to provide choices between sectoral‐based investments to support economic activity in contrast to a more place‐based approach to regional development. This paper overviews the dynamic nature of regional development to offer reasons for its recent resurgence by highlighting the key debates about the purpose and function of regions and what regional development can or should do. We then discuss the New Zealand context specifically and use the first year of Provincial Growth Fund investments to reflect on how the processes, objectives and goals reflect particular interpretations of the meaning and purpose of regional development. We conclude that a strong adherence to a growth imperative has the potential to reinforce path dependencies at the expense of alternative development pathways. 相似文献
4.
This study examines the rationales for and geographical outcomes of the post 1988 changes in port governance in New Zealand and their implications from a policy perspective. The study offers insights into the interrelationship between global processes and local places in the context of economic deregulation, a devolved infrastructure planning mandate and intra‐industry competitive dynamics. A trend towards port concentration consequent on globalisation has been long recognised in the international literature. In New Zealand, the trend towards port concentration can be described as selective, limited primarily to import trade while export trade is more dispersed. This new port geography is part of wider political and socio‐economic development geographies of the national and global hinterlands and forelands these ports interact with. 相似文献
5.
After the social policy reforms of 1991 important changes in internal migration in New Zealand occurred. These resulted in changing housing costs and falling incomes which led to the movement of low income households, particularly beneficiaries and state house tenants, from urban to rural areas and small towns. A survey of 404 people who moved to the Southern Wairarapa towns of Carterton, Martinborough and Featherston from New Zealand urban areas since 1985 shows that a proportional increase in beneficiary movement occurred after 1991. Housing costs, relative to income, are important factors in the decision to move for a range of migrants. This pattern of migration has important regional development ramifications. 相似文献
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7.
IAIN HAY 《New Zealand geographer》1994,50(2):46-50
In a remarkable and yet largely unheralded piece off legislation, the New Zealand government has reshaped national provisions for earthquake insurance. Three major sets off issues emerge from the 1993 Earthquake Commission Act and warrant detailed investigation. The A ct will encourage significant changes in patterns of regional development in New Zealand, it heralds a simultaneous globalisation and localisation of earthquake risk through the mechanism of insurance and it gives new regulatory powers to insurers in New Zealand society. 相似文献
8.
A significant percentage of the smaller urban centres around the world are losing people which raises questions regarding the appropriate responses to this challenge. Responses from the state have generally been muted, and as a result, concepts of new localism and new regionalism are useful for understanding the role played by place‐based leadership and partnerships between local businesses, community groups and individuals. Key within this space is the role of endogenous responses anchored on local social capital and resilience. This paper overviews key themes in the literature before examining statistical evidence of small town growth, stabilisation or decline in New Zealand. This leads into an examination of how three small towns in the country are responding to demographic and economic change. The cases illustrate the importance of local‐led responses to the debilitating effects of change and the degree to which place based development can be critical in the context of coping with change in small towns. The paper further argues that “right‐sizing” to a new economic and demographic reality may be the appropriate focus of local attention. 相似文献
9.
GARY SCOTT 《New Zealand geographer》2000,56(1):39-45
The article reports the results of a survey into the informal activities of 47 households in the unemployment‐affected small town of Westport, New Zealand. Overall levels of household informal participation are found to be fairly high across all income groups. There is an abundance of informal resources in the surrounding area and a longstanding local culture encouraging participation. However, differentiated ‘established local’ and ‘new local’ reciprocity networks, reflecting broader scale processes of social and economic fragmentation, have emerged since a major round of state and private sector restructuring occurred in 1987. 相似文献
10.
区域的社会建构议题较少得到国内学者的关注。既有关于粤港澳大湾区的研究,也鲜有涉及具体城市政府的行动和策略。为此,文章采取政策话语分析方法探索佛山融入粤港澳大湾区建设的政策和策略响应,作为弥补上述问题的文献空白。研究发现,佛山把区域身份建构为粤港澳大湾区西部核心城市,从战略统一上确定了佛山融入粤港澳大湾区的策略和行动方向。佛山与不同城市和区域之间建立关系网络,形成不同尺度作用下的区域合作地域载体。表现为3个方面：1）在城市尺度上,佛山与广州、深圳、香港和澳门等城市建立合作联系,建设三龙湾高端创新集聚区为地域载体,将松散的资源重新盘整,进一步提高统筹地区发展和聚集资源要素的能力,培育新的地方增长极以保持竞争优势。2）在区域尺度上,佛山与广西和贵州建立合作联系,建设佛山西站枢纽新城为地域载体,连接西南地区,把粤桂黔高铁经济合作带作为其经济腹地。3）在全球尺度上,佛山与德国建立合作联系,建设中德工业服务区为地域载体,创造地方—全球尺度的连接渠道,嵌入全球的市场经济。佛山案例展示了区域作为不同尺度上多个行动者的节点汇合,如何把区域资产与国家和跨国经济联系起来,从而生产与再生产新国家空间。文章回应了新区域地理学从社会建构主义视角审视区域发展问题,也回应了中国城市网络研究的最新呼吁。在实践中为其他城市如何融入粤港澳大湾区建设乃至区域发展问题提供了借鉴。 相似文献
11.
Barney Warf 《The Professional geographer》1988,40(3):288-297
The Port Authority of New York-New Jersey is a major actor shaping the regional development of the greater New York metropolitan area. This paper summarizes its historical development and current functions in terms of urban political economy, and offers a case study of the interpenetration of the local state and market forces. 相似文献
12.
JOHN CONNELL 《New Zealand geographer》1999,55(2):36-49
New Zealand population geographers in the South Pacific islands early focused on resource issues, especially in Fiji and the smaller island states politically linked to New Zealand. This later extended into analysis of the structure of village level economic and social development, notably in Kiribati, Solomon Islands and Fiji. These analyses contributed to a clearer understanding of the substance of development at a key turning point in the region's history - the transition to independence. Migration, or mobility, and urbanisation attracted enormous interest throughout the region, with lengthy debates ranging over migration models, urban permanence, the ideology of return and metaphors of mobility, establishing the most distinctive thrust of New Zealand research in the region. Practical research, involving censuses and consultancies, has directly contributed to development. Despite the valuable historical legacy the extent and significance of New Zealand work on the population geography of the Island Pacific has now dwindled. 相似文献
13.
区域战略视角下中国地区差异时空演化特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用泰尔指数、全局空间自相关指数和局部空间自相关指数等指标,在Eviews和ArcGIS等软件支持下,从时间、空间和空间关联性三方面分析中国在不同区域发展战略时期地区经济差异演化规律。结果表明:在平衡发展战略时期,中国地区经济相对差异较小,主要表现为南北间差异和东西间差异并存的格局,且全局空间分布呈随机状态;在非均衡发展战略时期,相对差异较大,呈现经济发达地区向东部集聚而欠发达地区向中西部集聚的分异状态;在协调发展战略时期,东西间相对差异开始收敛,但集聚和分异的趋势依然显著。 相似文献
14.
As a product, wine is closely associated with place. The industry has devised various strategies in order to delimit space and create places that are marketable as brands. Although demarcated by supposedly ‘natural’ features, these spaces are socially constructed in order to maximise accumulation. This article reports on the use of place-making strategies in the case of the New Zealand wine sector and the role of capital and agency in their production. Two case studies—Martinborough and Gimblett Gravels—are offered where contrasting geographical strategies have been employed. The work concludes that the employment of flexible delimitation is a strategy that allows contestation in creatively destructive ways. Such an approach allows for specialised identity construction within the framework of semi-porous boundaries. This calls for local economic policy that sits between the two extremes of open-ended neoliberal capital accumulation and arbitrary regional planning. 相似文献
15.
David M. Kennedy 《New Zealand geographer》2008,64(2):105-116
Abstract: Understanding past sea levels is essential to respond to the challenges of climate change. In the Pacific and Tasman, sea level has been up to 1.5 m higher during the mid-Holocene, similar to the predictions of some global warming models. Within New Zealand the knowledge of sea-level movements, especially during the recent past is poor, with the last major investigation being conducted 20 years ago. This paper reviews the state of local understanding of higher sea levels and suggests regions for further study and new methods of analysis to understand the nature of sea-level change in New Zealand. 相似文献
16.
基于区域创新集群的相关概念辨析,提出基于长三角一体化战略的区域创新集群概念,并通过IncoPat网站获取2000—2017年长三角新材料产业已获授权的发明专利,在刻画新材料区域创新集群技术创新联系特征的基础上,利用二步系统广义矩阵估计（Generalized Method of Moments,GMM）模型测度融入区域创新集群的深度与广度对地方创新集群的影响,得到如下结论：第一,区域创新集群的发展符合“点-轴”发展理论的观点,以上海、南京、杭州等发达地方创新集群为增长极,在空间上率先形成以增长极为节点的发展轴,成为区域创新集群的核心组团。第二,区域创新集群技术创新联系具备“全球-地方”创新网络阐述的多种类型知识交互耦合的特征,在同质性知识交互的基础上,异质性知识的交互同样占据重要地位。第三,当前阶段长三角区域创新集群中核心组团的极化效应大于扩散效应,更易在区域创新集群的建设中获益,并且知识基础的正向调节作用明显。区域创新集群研究尚处于起步阶段,相关研究亟待经济地理学者进一步展开。 相似文献
17.
Local Government and Tourism Development: Issues and Constraints of Public Sector Entrepreneurship 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The process of government restructuring in New Zealand has seen the emergence of the free market and competition as prevailing ideologies in the policy environment. At the local government level, tourism development has become a key strategy through which a new entrepreneurial stance has been articulated. As a research topic, entrepreneurship has been the orised for the most part in the context of the private sector. This paper explores some important characteristics in the nature of entrepreneurship in local government drawing on recent examples from around New Zealand. The paper illustrates issues related to the agency of individuals and underlying value systems that underpin entrepreneurial activity in the public sector. 相似文献
18.
Peter Roberts 《The Geographical journal》2004,170(2):126-134
Sustainable economic development strategies promote mutually-beneficial environmental, social and economic progress. Such strategies now form an essential basis for local and regional development. Various models of sustainable economic and environmental industry development have been introduced in recent years, some of which have proved to be of particular value. The theory and practice of sustainable economic development has made rapid progress, and this approach to local and regional development is now generally accepted as offering the opportunity to solve a range of environmental and economic problems and to promote new economic activities that can generate jobs in socially excluded communities. 相似文献
19.
The spatial locations of food retailers are considered to be an influential aspect of population consumption patterns. Such contextual relationships are often related to socio‐economic deprivation, with disparities in accessibility having important implications. This study used Geographic Information Systems and an Enhanced Two‐Step Floating Catchment Area model of spatial accessibility to further understand such relationships within urban areas of New Zealand. Findings, while mixed, indicate that there is generally increased accessibility to all food retailers in highly deprived areas. Understanding these socio–spatial relationships in local environments has important implications for policy initiatives, health outcomes and sustainable development. 相似文献
20.
The tremendous changes in China's development philosophy and regional economies during the last two decades have carved out selectively new locations of development across the nation. While politicians heatedly debate the acceptable levels of regional inequality, most scholarly studies focus on broad aggregate trends of inequality among provinces and groups of provinces, and pay little attention to identifying and conceptualizing sources and major agents of spatial change. This paper aims at revealing detailed spatial ramifications of the reforms, and at understanding the impacts of the state, local agents, and foreign investors on regional development. To this effect, we conduct a disaggregated and empirical study of Jiangsu, a coastal province experiencing dramatic economic and spatial restructuring. We show that local agents which favor rural industrial enterprises accelerated new growth in selected rural areas, in contrast to slower growth of older cities and state‐owned enterprises, resulting in a net decline of intercounty inequality. But the coalescence of state policy, local agents, and foreign investment has widened the historical gap between northern and southern Jiangsu, and is likely to accelerate intercounty inequality in the future. Our study demonstrates the utility of the “developments from above, below and outside” framework for analyzing key forces of regional growth in socialist transitional economies. 相似文献