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1.
The Polopos E–W- to ESE–WNW-oriented dextral-reverse fault zone is formed by the North Alhamilla reverse fault and the North and South Gafarillos dextral faults. It is a conjugate fault system of the sinistral NNE–SSW Palomares fault zone, active from the late most Tortonian (≈7 Ma) up to the late Pleistocene (≥70 ky) in the southeastern Betics. The helicoidal geometry of the fault zone permits to shift SE-directed movement along the South Cabrera reverse fault to NW-directed shortening along the North Alhamilla reverse fault via vertical Gafarillos fault segments, in between. Since the Messinian, fault activity migrated southwards forming the South Gafarillos fault and displacing the active fault-related mountain-front from the north to the south of Sierra de Polopos; whilst recent activity of the North Alhamilla reverse fault migrated westwards. The Polopos fault zone determined the differential uplift between the Sierra Alhamilla and the Tabernas-Sorbas basin promoting the middle Pleistocene capture that occurred in the southern margin of the Sorbas basin. Continued tectonic uplift of the Sierra Alhamilla-Polopos and Cabrera anticlinoria and local subsidence associated to the Palomares fault zone in the Vera basin promoted the headward erosion of the Aguas river drainage that captured the Sorbas basin during the late Pleistocene. 相似文献
2.
阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据 总被引：20，自引：5，他引：20
通过对沿阿尔金断裂中段 (位于东经 88°至 92°)发育的晚第三纪走滑盆地沉积历史和走滑变形过程的野外观测以及对第四纪索尔库里盆地形成和演化过程的沉积环境复原的分析 ,提出了阿尔金断裂中段晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据。研究表明 ,晚第三纪走滑盆地经历了中新世晚期至上新世早期斜张走滑拉分和上新世晚期以来左旋错动的演化过程 ,沉积体沿断裂的错位分布特征指示至少发生了 80 km的左旋走滑位错。发育于阿尔金山链内部的索尔库里盆地起源于晚第三纪早期强烈的侵蚀作用 ,成为柴达木盆地快速沉积的主要物源区。该侵蚀盆地于中晚更新世闭合并演化成一个独立的沉积盆地。通过侵蚀盆地外流通道的复原指示阿尔金断裂自晚第三纪以来累积了 80～ 1 0 0 km的左旋位错。在此基础上 ,结合穿越断裂构造的 级区域水系形成的洪积裙宽度和主干河道沿断裂迹线的拐折长度 ,探讨了阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错量沿走向分布的特征 ,估算了左旋走滑速率 相似文献
3.
合肥盆地的沉积作用与其东缘的郯庐断裂带演化有着良好的耦合关系。侏罗纪盆地发育主要受大别造山带演化控制,东部可见对同造山期郯庐断裂带左旋转换走滑的沉积响应。盆地内朱巷组的沉积是对早白垩世早期郯庐断裂再次发生陆内左行平移的响应,该时期成盆模式为一走滑—挠曲盆地。盆地内上白垩统—古近系的形成是对这期间郯庐断裂带伸展活动的响应,盆地具区域性伸展(双向伸展)的特征。盆地东部自新近纪以来的抬升、消亡与东缘反转构造的存在,指示了郯庐断裂带的逆冲活动。盆地东部的沉积记录结合近年来郯庐断裂带内部构造与同位素年代学的最新研究成果,指示该断裂带中-新生代经历了4个演化阶段:同造山期的左旋转换走滑、早白垩世早期的陆内左行平移、晚白垩世—古近纪的伸展运动和新近纪以来的逆冲活动。 相似文献
4.
Cerdanya is a Neogene half-graben basin that lies over the Palaeozoic rocks of the Eastern Pyrenean Axial Zone. Subvertical fault scarps bound the half-graben at the southern and southeastern margins, but Neogene sediments may directly overlap Palaeozoic rocks in the northern margin.Vertical electrical soundings show that the Miocene sequence reaches a maximum thickness of over 700 m and that fine-grained lacustrine deposits from the central part of the basin grade to coarser fluvial deposits toward the margins.Macro- and micro-structural data analyzed in Cerdanya and other related Neogene basins, such as Rosselló, Confient, Capcir and Seu d'Urgell, suggest that they formed as a consequence of transtensile motion along an old northeastern-trending fault. The stress situation favoured sinistral movements along east-trending faults. 相似文献
5.
Guillermo Booth-Rea José Miguel Azañón Vı́ctor Garcı́a-Dueñas Romain Augier 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(9):751-761
The Palomares Fault Zone (PFZ) is one of the main strike-slip brittle shear zones found in the Betics. It is segmented in several faults that have been active between the Upper Tortonian and present day. Data from drill cores in the Palomares area have permitted us to define the geometry and location of sedimentary depocentres related with the PFZ. These data show an eastward displacement between the Upper Tortonian to Messinian and the Pliocene–Quaternary sedimentary depocentres, towards the presently active Arteal fault, which bounds the western mountain front of Sierra Almagrera, showing that deformation along this fault zone has migrated towards the east, from the Palomares segment, with its main activity during the Upper Tortonian and Messinian, towards the Arteal fault, active during the Pliocene and Quaternary. To cite this article: G. Booth-Rea et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
6.
The late Eocene to Neogene tectonic evolution of the Dinarides is characterised by shortening and orogen-parallel wrenching superposed on the late Cretaceous and Eocene double-vergent orogenic system. The Central Dinarides exposes NW-trending tectonic units, which were transported towards the Adria/Apulian microcontinent during late Cretaceous–Palaeogene times. These units were also affected by subsequent processes of late Palaeogene to Neogene shortening, Neogene extension and subsidence of intramontane sedimentary basins and Pliocene–Quaternary surface uplift and denudation. The intramontane basins likely relate to formation of the Pannonian basin. Major dextral SE-trending strike-slip faults are mostly parallel to boundaries of major tectonic units and suggest dextral orogen-parallel wrenching of the whole Central Dinarides during the Neogene indentation of the Apulian microplate into the Alps and back-arc type extension in the Pannonian basin. These fault systems have been evaluated with the standard palaeostress techniques. We report four palaeostress tensor groups, which are tentatively ordered in a succession from oldest to youngest: (1) Palaeostress tensor group 1 (D1) of likely late Eocene age indicates E–W shortening accommodated by reverse and strike-slip faults. (2) Palaeostress tensor group 2 (D2) comprises N/NW-trending dextral and W/WSW-trending sinistral strike-slip faults, as well as WNW-striking reverse faults. These indicate NE–SW contraction and subordinate NW–SE extension related to Oligocene to early Miocene shortening of the Dinaric orogenic wedge. (3) Palaeostress tensor group 3a (D3a) comprises mainly NW-trending normal faults, which indicate early/middle Miocene NE–SW extension related to syn-rift extension in the Pannonian basin. The subsequent palaeostress tensor group 3b (D3b) includes NE-trending, SE-dipping normal faults indicating NW–SE extension, which is likely related to further extension in the Pannonian basin. (4) Palaeostress tensor group 4 (D4) is characterised by mainly NW-trending dextral and NE-trending sinistral strike-slip faults. Together, with some E-trending reverse faults, they indicate roughly N–S shortening and dextral wrenching during late Miocene to Quaternary. This is partly consistent with the present-day kinematics, with motion of the Adriatic microplate constrained by GPS data and earthquake focal mechanisms. The north–north-westward motion and counterclockwise rotation of the Adriatic microplate significantly contribute the shortening and present-day wrenching in the Central Dinarides. 相似文献
7.
太行山隆起南段新构造变形过程研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
基于TM遥感影像解译和断裂滑动矢量资料的野外观测,结合年轻地质体热同位素和放射性同位素年代学测试结果分析,重点描述了太行山隆起南段构造地貌特征,划分了新构造变形阶段,确定了新构造应力场及其转换历史。研究表明,新近纪以来,太行山南段经历了两期重要的引张变形时期。中新世中晚期,伴随华北地区广泛的基性火山喷溢活动,太行山南段受近NE-SW向引张应力作用,构造变形集中在南段东缘和南缘断裂带上。上新世至早更新世时期,强烈的NW-SE向地壳引张导致太行山隆起南段夷平地貌的解体和地堑盆地的形成。自中晚更新世以来,太行山南缘断裂带成为新构造变形的主要边界带。断面滑动矢量分析和山前年轻冲积扇体和小冲沟沿断裂错移特征分析,表明太行山南缘断裂带是一条斜张左旋走滑边界断裂带,引张方向为NW-SE至NNW-SSE.从区域大地构造角度,中新世中国东部NE-SW向拉伸作用与东部太平洋板块向西俯仲导致的弧后扩张动力过程有关;而上新世以来新构造变形是与青藏高原快速隆升及其向东构造挤出作用有关。 相似文献
8.
9.
要通过在TM遥感图像解译和野外观测的基础上,描述了东昆仑断裂带东段活动形迹的组成和活动断层地貌特征,阐述了甘南高原西秦岭地区新近纪拉分盆地的沉积-构造特征,提出了该区东昆仑-秦岭断裂系晚新生代左旋走滑伸展-走滑挤压-走滑伸展的3个阶段的构造变形模式。指出,中新世晚期至上新世早期,东昆仑-秦岭断裂系以左旋走滑伸展活动为主,伴随着西秦岭地区拉分盆地的形成和超基性火山岩群的发育。这期左旋走滑伸展活动向东扩展导致了渭河盆地新近纪引张应力方向由早期的NE-SW向转变为晚期的NW—SE向。上新世晚期以来(约3．4Ma以前),东昆仑-秦岭断裂系以左旋走滑挤压活动为主,导致早期拉分盆地的轻微褶皱变形,走滑挤压活动主要集中在东昆仑东段玛沁-玛曲主断裂带上。该期构造变动持续到早更新世,它的向东扩展产生了广泛的地壳形变效应,包括青藏东缘岷山隆起带的快速崛起、华北地区汾-渭地堑系的形成和发展以及郯庐断裂带右旋走滑活动等。中、晚更新世时期,断裂系以走滑伸展变形为主,主要集中在东昆仑断裂带东段3个分支上,地块向东挤出伴随着顺时针旋转。 相似文献
10.
Gilles Coppier Philippe Griveaud François-Dominique de Larouziere Christian Montenat Philippe Ott d’Estevou 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1):37-51
AbstractNeogene deformations have deeply disturbed the initial architecture of the pile of nappes within the Eastern Betic zone. The Arc of Aguilas, displaying a southeast-facing concavity, is a spectacular example of such a post-nappe structuration. Miocene deposits involved in the torsion of the Arc provide a chronology of the deformation. The Arc of Aguilas is one element within a system of rigid-plastic indentation including the following units, from the inner (SE) to the outer (NW) zones : — A rigid block, little deformed, located in the present day abyssal plain, play the part of the indenter. — A structural pad corresponding to the Aguilas Arc itself. It was severely folded during Miocene times. — A large peripheral zone mainly subjected to faulting during the Neogene (essentially strike-slip faults). These faults control the evolution of different types of sedimentary basins during the Late Neogene (Tortonian to Pliocene). Two large shear zones: N020 sinistral (Palomares and Terreros faults), N100 dextral (Las Moreras faults) guided the deformation of the Aguilas Arc within a compressive stressfield of which major tensor axis oscillated between NW-SE and N-S. 相似文献
11.
Cretaceous deformation history of the middle Tan-Lu fault zone in Shandong Province, eastern China 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Based on field analysis of fault-slip data from different rock units of the Cretaceous basins along the middle part of the Tan-Lu fault zone (Shandong Province, eastern China), we document polyphase tectonic stress fields and address the changes in sense of motion of the Tan-Lu fault zone during the Cretaceous. The Cretaceous deformation history of the Tan-Lu fault zone can be divided into four main stages. The first stage, during the earliest Cretaceous, was dominated by N-S extension responsible for the formation of the Jiaolai basin. We interpret this extension to be related to dextral strike-slip pull-apart opening guided by the Tan-Lu fault zone. The second stage, during the middle Early Cretaceous, was overwhelmingly rift-dominated and characterized by widespread silicic to intermediate volcanism, normal faulting and basin subsidence. It was at this stage that the Tan-Lu-parallel Yi-Shu Rift was initiated by E-W to WNW-ESE extension. The tectonic regime then changed during the late Early Cretaceous to NW-SE-oriented transpression, causing inversion of the Early Cretaceous rift basin and sinistral slip along the Tan-Lu fault zone. During the Late Cretaceous, dextral activation of the Tan-Lu fault zone resulted in pull-apart opening of the Zhucheng basin, which was subsequently deformed by NE-SW compression. This deformation chronology of the Tan-Lu fault zone and the associated Cretaceous basins allow us to constrain the regional kinematic models as related to subduction along the eastern margin of Asia, or related to collision in the Tibet region. 相似文献
12.
阿尔金断裂带是青藏高原自印度与欧亚大陆碰撞后向北扩展的前缘断裂,其新生代活动性对于研究青藏高原隆升与扩展过程和机制具有重要意义。近些年,运用热年代学、断裂几何学和运动学、沉积学、磁性地层学和地震学等方法对阿尔金断裂带的性质、组成结构、断裂活动时代、走滑断裂运动特征、走滑位移量和走滑速率等进行了细致的研究,而对阿尔金断裂带沿线受其控制的新生代沉积盆地的地层年代、沉积演化特征虽然也有一定研究,但往往仅限于单个盆地,缺乏对沿线盆地整体的对比认识,造成对阿尔金断裂带走滑起始时间及阿尔金山的隆升历史存在不同的认识。本文对近二十年来阿尔金断裂带沿线新生代沉积盆地的磁性地层年代与沉积相演化的研究进展进行综述,建立阿尔金断裂带沿线盆地新生代沉积序列和年代框架;辅助热年代学等资料,提出阿尔金断裂带的三阶段演化模型:始新世-中中新世,阿尔金断裂带以大幅度的走滑运动为主,同时伴随着阿尔金山小范围的隆升;中中新世开始,阿尔金山开始大规模的隆升,伴随着较少量的走滑运动;晚中新世以来,阿尔金断裂带构造活动加强。 相似文献
13.
华北东部地区中生代盆地格局及演化过程探讨 总被引：29，自引：11，他引：18
华北东部中生代盆地演化受控于欧亚构造域的板块挤压拼接和滨太平洋构造域"洋-陆"俯冲碰撞两大动力学背景,与兴蒙造山带、秦岭-大别造山带、太行山隆起及郯庐断裂带等陆内及周边造山带的形成、深大断裂发育演化以及深部动力等因素有着密切的联系。早-中三叠世华北地区基本继承了晚海西期以来的构造格局和沉积特点,地势北西高、东南低,为一南陡北缓、呈NWW向展布的大型内陆沉积盆地;晚三叠世扬子板块与华北板块剪刀式碰撞拼接,华北地区全面抬升,且西部抬升小,东部抬升幅度大,盆地范围向西部退缩,沉积范围缩小,东部地区地势较高,地貌复杂,以隆升剥蚀为主;早-中侏罗世华北东部处于由古亚洲构造域向滨太平洋构造域演化的过渡阶段,该时期太行山的形成将华北地区分割成东、西两个大盆,西部鄂尔多斯盆地依然为一个大型沉积盆地,东部渤海湾盆地区在早-中侏罗世的早期为一些小的山间沉积盆地群,主要表现为对印支期造成的大量NWW或近EW向逆冲断层及阔缓褶皱所产生的低洼地区的充填,晚期则表现为披覆式沉积;晚侏罗世-早白垩世太平洋板块活动取代了扬子板块、西伯利亚板块活动对华北地区构造演化的控制地位,中国东部进入大规模的裂陷或断陷盆地发育阶段,且出现了明显的分区性:在盐山-歧口-新港-兰考-聊城断裂系以东,由于受郯庐断裂带左旋走滑构造应力场的控制,主要发育NW或NWW向断陷盆地,而在该断裂系以西至太行山以东的地区,受左旋走滑影响较弱,主要发育NE和NNE向断陷盆地,在张家口-蓬莱走滑断裂带以北的下辽河坳陷区,盆地的长轴方向为NNE,属郯庐断裂带内部的走滑拉张盆地;晚白垩世郯庐断裂带以西的华北广大地区整体处于隆升剥蚀状态,仅在河南信阳盆地及冀中、临清、黄骅坳陷的少数低洼地区接受沉积,多以红色河湖相粗碎屑为主。研究华北东部中生代盆地演化对于该地区前第三系油气勘探具有指导意义。 相似文献
14.
《Geodinamica Acta》1998,11(5):233-247
In New Zealand, the Marlborough strike-slip faults link the Hikurangi subduction zone to the Alpine fault collision zone. Stratigraphic and structural analysis in the Marlborough region constrain the inception of the current strike-slip tectonics.Six major Neogene basins are investigated. Their infill is composed of marine and freshwater sediments up to 3 km thick; they are characterised by coarse facies derived from the basins bounding relief, high sedimentation rates and asymmetric geometries. Proposed factors that controlled the basins' generation are the initial geometry of the strike-slip faults and the progressive strike-slip motion. Two groups of basins are presented: the early Miocene (23 My) basins were generated under wrench tectonics above releasing-jogs between basement faults. The late Miocene (11 My) basins were initiated by halfgrabens tilted along straighter faults during a transtensive stage. Development of faults during Cretaceous to Oligocene times facilitated the following propagation of wrench tectonics. The Pliocene (5 My) to current increasing convergence has shortened the basins and distorted the Miocene array of faults. This study indicates that the Marlborough Fault System is an old feature that connected part of the Hikurangi margin to the Alpine fault since the subduction and collision initiation. 相似文献
15.
AbstractIn New Zealand, the Marlborough strike-slip faults link the Hikurangi subduction zone to the Alpine fault collision zone. Stratigraphic and structural analysis in the Marlborough region constrain the inception of the current strike-slip tectonics.Six major Neogene basins are investigated. Their infill is composed of marine and freshwater sediments up to 3 km thick; they are characterised by coarse facies derived from the basins bounding relief, high sedimentation rates and asymmetric geometries. Proposed factors that controlled the basins generation are the initial geometry of the strike-slip faults and the progressive strike-slip motion. Two groups of basins are presented: the early Miocene (23 My) basins were generated under wrench tectonics above releasing-jogs between basement faults. The late Miocene (11 My) basins were initiated by halfgrabens tilted along straighter faults during a transtensive stage. Development of faults during Cretaceous to Oligocene times facilitated the following propagation of wrench tectonics. The Pliocene (5 My) to current increasing convergence has shortened the basins and distorted the Miocene array of faults. This study indicates that the Marlborough Fault System is an old feature that connected part of the Hikurangi margin to the Alpine fault since the subduction and collision initiation. © Elsevier, Paris 相似文献
16.
秦岭南缘青川断裂新生代变形特征及其走滑运动学转换 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
青川断裂作为秦岭构造带南部边界断层,新生代以来受到印度-欧亚大陆碰撞产生的远场效应,发生了强烈的走滑复活,调节了青藏高原隆升和向东扩展。本文基于错断地貌测量与断裂带脆性变形的野外调查,建立了该断裂新生代2期走滑运动历史,并讨论了走滑运动学转换的大地构造意义。沿断裂带河流水系偏移地貌分析发现,主要河流的Ⅳ级支流沿断裂发生一致的右旋偏移,指示断裂右旋位错量在200~800 m;河流阶地的右旋位错量在49~62 m。野外调查发现,青川断裂发育5~100 m宽的断裂破裂带,主要由断层泥、磨砾岩、断层透镜体等组成,S-C组构发育,磨砾石旋转定向排列。断裂破碎带运动学指向记录了青川断裂2期脆性走滑变形:早期为左旋走滑活动、晚期为右旋走滑活动。结合断裂带东端汉中盆地地层时代和秦岭山地隆升时代,我们推断晚期右旋走滑运动主要发生在上新世以来,调节了碧口地块的向东挤出;而早期左旋走滑运动则很可能是对古近纪晚期青藏高原隆升和扩展的响应。 相似文献
17.
野外构造解析和地震遗址的构造应力分析显示,龙门山断裂带在新生代早期对应于当时的南东-北西主压应力场,发育了北北东向的左旋走滑构造体系,其后才被具有右旋兼具逆冲的龙门山断裂带叠加改造,对应的近东西向构造主压应力场一直延续至今,是区内地震构造的应力场机制。龙门山断裂带河流岩屑磷灰石裂变径迹分析显示,龙门山断裂带在走向上位移量有显著的差别,呈现正态分布的整体趋势。依照龙门山隆起剥蚀单调冷却的热史特征,判定前述两期变形的转换时限是40 Ma前后。结合龙门山断裂带地层厚度和变形时的深度模型,认为现今龙门山断裂带是一个宽达数十千米的大型走滑断裂带,剖面上呈现花状构造特征。近地表的逆冲构造是薄皮构造,并由此建立了龙门山断裂带走滑变形的深度变形样式模型。 相似文献
18.
《Geodinamica Acta》2001,14(1-3):45-55
Field studies on the Neogene successions in south of İzmir reveal that subsequent Neogene continental basins were developed in the region. Initially a vast lake basin was formed during the Early–Middle Miocene period. The lacustrine sediments underwent an approximately N–S shortening deformation to the end of Middle Miocene. A small portion of the basin fill was later trapped within the N–S-trending, fault-bounded graben basin, the Çubukludağ graben, opened during the Late Miocene. Oblique-slip normal faults with minor sinistral displacement are formed possibly under N–S extensional regime, and controlled the sediment deposition. Following this the region suffered a phase of denudation which produced a regionwide erosional surface suggesting that the extension interrupted to the end of Late Miocene–Early Pliocene period. After this event the E–W-trending major grabens and horsts of western Anatolia began to form. The graben bounding faults cut across the Upper Miocene–Pliocene lacustrine sediments and fragmented the erosional surface. The Çubukludağ graben began to work as a cross graben between the E–W grabens, since that period. 相似文献
19.
郯庐断裂带的最大左行走滑断距及其形成时期 总被引：86，自引：6，他引：80
作者采用断裂带两盘地壳变形速度的估算方法,求得郯庐断裂带最大左行走滑断距为３９０ｋｍ;根据中朝地块南缘断裂被错断的现象来判断,最大左行走滑断距为４３０ｋｍ;采用古地磁学方法求得最大左行走滑断距约为３００－４００ｋｍ。最大左行走滑活动时期当在中晚三叠世。侏罗纪时期郯断裂带为逆断层,白垩纪时期的走滑活动量不大于１００ｋｍ,早第三纪的走滑断距不明显,晚第三纪－早更新世可能有５０ｋｍ左右的左行走滑断距,新构造期（<0.73Ma以来)的右行走滑断距小于lOOm。 相似文献
20.
用物理模拟实验研究走滑断裂和拉分盆地 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
本文按照下地壳和岩石圈地幔塑性流动控制上地壳构造变形的思想,采用脆延性双层模型,在考虑模型相似性的条件下,通过延性层流动驱动脆性层进行走滑断裂和拉分盆地模拟实验。实验结果表明,在左行走滑阶段发育两条"S"型左行右阶断裂带;在右行走滑改造阶段,早期左行右阶断裂带被改造为"Z"型右行右阶断裂带。走滑断裂发育过程中共有三种类型的拉张伸展:(1)"S"型破裂逐渐伸展,形成多个菱形盆地;(2)几个相邻的斜列"S"型断裂在剪切作用下端部被错断连通,形成"地堑-地垒"构造;(3)在右行走滑阶段,沿右行右阶断裂拉张形成拉分盆地。先存的上隆拱张断裂限制了走滑断裂的位置和方向。脆性层强度对走滑断裂的形成和发展具有约束作用,脆性层结构对脆延性的层间耦合作用和走滑断裂特征具有显著影响。 相似文献