共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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介绍了一种基于稳健自适应波束形成的声隔离技术.通过分析声诱饵工作时干扰与信号的主要入射方位,建立了边发边收声诱饵模型.针对STMV波束形成器在基阵模型失配情况下容易出现信号自消的现象,研究了一种解决波束形成稳健性的新方法,即Robust Capon Beamforming(RCB)算法,实现有效的干扰抑制和信号提取.仿... 相似文献
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常规波束形成器仅限于利用信号的二阶统计特性。作者采用高阶累积量估计期望信号的导向矢量 (Steering Vector) ,实现了一种基于高阶累积量的自适应波束形成器 (HCAB)。该波束形成器利用信号的更高阶统计特性 ,减少了对阵列流型的依赖 ,具有较好的容差性 ,能自动跟踪信号。数值模拟实验表明该波束形成器工作良好。 相似文献
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为实现短数据条件下权向量的稳定优化估计,提出1种时空联合估计权向量的MVDR自适应波束形成方法。该方法结合时域解析信号的MVDR自适应波束形成算法中构造时域解析信号的方法和直接数据域算法中空间滑动的方法,以减少一半权向量为代价,实现了在更短的数据长度下稳定优化地估计协方差矩阵和权向量。数值仿真实验和海上实验数据处理结果表明:与常规波束形成和直接数据域相比,该方法具有更好的稳定性和更好的波束性能,即主瓣更窄,旁瓣更低,阵增益更高。 相似文献
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常规波束形成技术以其稳健性好、计算量低等特点得到广泛应用,但其空间分辨率受阵元个数限制,不能突破瑞利限。因此,常规波束形成技术应用于高精度浅水多波束测深仪时,存在空间分辨率不足和旁瓣干扰等问题。对比研究了最小方差无失真(MVDR)及多重信号分类(MUSIC)波束形成在浅水多波束测深仪中的应用,给出了浅水多波束测深仪的常规波束形成、MVDR和MUSIC处理方法,并结合能量法和相位法两种底检测测深算法,处理了iBeam8120浅水多波束测深仪外场数据,验证了本文方法的性能。 相似文献
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一种基于FFT波束形成的BDI算法分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多波束条带测深你是进行海底地形测绘的主要设备，该设备的信号处理部分所要完成的主要任务就是精确测量深点目标回波的DOA（Direction of Arrival）和TOA（Time of Arrival）。研究了基于FFT波束形成技术的BDI（Bearing Diviation Indicator）算法，算法可完成对海底回波信号的时间和方向的联合估计。通过计算机仿真工作和海试数据的处理，得出结论：FFT波束形成技术可以有效地提高波束形成的数目：BDI可以精确地海底回波信号进行回波时延估计和方向估计，尤其是BDI算法可以提高镜向海底区域的边缘波束的测量精度。 相似文献
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针对垂直阵在强干扰背景下采用常规波束形成方法难以估计目标俯仰角的问题，研究了超波束与逆波束形成等方法在垂直阵中的应用。讨论了超波束与逆波束形成原理，仿真分析了其波束图，表明分辨率比常规波束形成有明显提高。实测数据分析表明：超波束方法可以分辨目标与干扰的俯仰角轨迹，对角加载逆波束 MVDR 方法可以获得目标的俯仰角轨迹。研究结果解决了强干扰背景下微弱目标信号俯仰角难以估计的问题，为微弱目标定位提供了新的途径。 相似文献
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Sea surface height anomaly maps of realistic eddy activity were obtained by applying space-time optimum interpolation to altimeter
data. Analysis error and rate of reconstructing eddy signals were investigated by taking account of: 1) dependency on orbit
configurations of single and multiple altimeters; 2) dependency on space-time scales of realistic, dominant eddies; and 3)
effect of space-time scales of eddy propagation. Large-scale sea surface height anomalies are subtracted from altimeter data
by applying an along-track filter to allow easy handling of eddy signals. The space-time scales of the first-guess error in
the optimum interpolation are statistically evaluated by fitting a space-time anisotropic Gaussian function to space-time-distributed
correlation coefficients of sea surface height using the TOPEX data. The results of the optimum interpolation clarify the
followings: 1) ERS has a better capability of reconstructing eddy signals than TOPEX. Comparison of maps from multi-altimeter
data shows that TOPEX+ERS has a better capability than Jason−1+TOPEX in lower latitudes and vice versa in higher latitudes,
though the differences are small. 2) The small space-time scale yields a low reconstruction rate in marginal seas and alongside
the equator. The persistent timescale is large, and westward propagation is dominant in the subtropical and subarctic regions,
where the reconstruction rates are high. 3) The optimum interpolation, taking account of eddy propagation, provides higher
reconstruction rates than that taking no account of the propagation. The effect of propagation on the optimum interpolation
is greater when it is applied to single-altimeter data than to multi-altimeter data.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Achieving reliable underwater communication in shallow water is a difficult task because of the random time-varying nature of multipath propagation. When the product of Doppler-related signal bandwidth spread and multipath-related time spread of the channel is larger than one, some types of adaptive signal processing may not work very well. In this paper, various methods of coherent space-time processing are compared for a condition of a marginally overspread channel operating at 50 kHz. Various combinations of suboptimal spatially adaptive and time adaptive methods are considered. The coherent path beamformer (CPB) and recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive beamformer, both in combination with RLS time filtering, are analyzed. Also considered in the analysis is the combined RLS space-time optimal adaptive processor. Many experiments using broad-band phase-shift-keyed transmissions in shallow water have been conducted to provide data for testing these various processing methods. Because of the rapid time variation of the multipath, the product of bandwidth spread and time spread at this test site approached unity. In this environment, a suboptimal approach consisting of the adaptive beamformer followed by RLS equalization reduced reverberation and transmission errors 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider the use of multiple antennas and space-time coding for high data rate underwater acoustic (UWA) communications. Recent advances in information theory have shown that significant capacity gains can be achieved by using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems and space-time coding techniques for rich scattering environments. This is especially significant for the UWA channel where the usable bandwidth is severely limited due to frequency-dependent attenuation. In this paper, we propose to use space-time coding and iterative decoding techniques to obtain high data rates and reliability over shallow-water, medium-range UWA channels. In particular, we propose to use space-time trellis codes (STTCs), layered space-time codes (LSTCs) and their combinations along with three low-complexity adaptive equalizer structures at the receiver. We consider multiband transmissions where the available bandwidth is divided into several subbands with guard bands in between them. We describe the theoretical basis of the proposed receivers along with a comprehensive set of experimental results obtained by processing data collected from real UWA communications experiments carried out in the Pacific Ocean. We demonstrate that by using space-time coding at the transmitter and sophisticated iterative processing at the receiver, we can obtain data rates and spectral efficiencies that are not possible with single transmitter systems at similar ranges and depths. In particular, we have demonstrated reliable transmission at a data rate of 48 kb/s in 23 kHz of bandwidth, and 12 kb/s in 3 kHz of bandwidth (a spectral efficiency of 4 bs-1Hz-1) at a 2-km range. 相似文献
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Bass F. Braude S. Fuks I. Kalmykov A. Megn A. Ostrovsky I. Rosenberg A. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1977,2(1):43-52
Experiments on the scattering of radio waves in the range 200 m to 3 cm from a rough sea surface are described. Amplitude, frequency, and space-time characteristics of scattered radio signals at different states of the sea surface are presented. It is shown that the problem of the short and medium wave scattering from the sea can be solved by the perturbance method. In this case the mechanism of scattering is of "resonant" character. The intensity of the backscatter signals is proportional to the density of the spatial spectrum on the half-length of the radio waves. The high frequency radio wave scattering is well described by a two-scale model of the scattering surface, "ripple on the large wave." The intensity of scattered radio signals is also proportional to the spectrum density of "ripples" whose length is approximately equal to half a radio wave. The effect of the large waves is to modulate the amplitude of a scattered radio signal and to broaden its frequency spectrum. Methods of solution of the reverse problem were considered. This allowed determination of parameters of sea roughness by characteristics of scattered radio signals. The principles of design of the corresponding equipment are described. 相似文献
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To the problem of the unknown underwater target detection, according to the feature that the underwater target radiated noise contains the stable line spectrum, a weighted method based on the main-to-side lobe ratio (MSLR) is proposed for broadband beam-forming. This weighted method can be implemented by using the following steps. Firstly, optimize the spatial spectrum of each frequency unit by the second-order cone programming (SOCP), and obtain the optimized spatial spectrum with lower side lobe. Secondly, construct weighting factors based on the MSLR of the optimized spatial spectrums to from weight factors. Lastly, cumulate the spatial spectrum of each frequency unit via the weight statistical method of this paper. This method can restrain the disturbance of background noise, enhance the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and overcome the difficulty of traditional four-dimensional display. The theoretical analysis and simulation results both verify that this method can well enhance the spatial spectrum of line spectrum units, restrain the spatial spectrum of background noise units, and improve the performance of the broadband beam-forming. 相似文献
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中国卤虫(Artemia sinica)是重要的饵料生物,是当前海洋生物学研究的热点生物和重要的生物模型。本文报告了卤虫无节幼体整体荧光原位杂交(WFISH,whole-mount fluorescent in situ hybridization)技术,用于快速对卤虫早期发育相关基因的特定时空表达图式进行分析,有助于对卤虫早期发育相关基因功能进行鉴定。人工合成带有FITC标记的卤虫trh基因(trachealess gene)寡核苷酸探针,检测到trh基因在卤虫无节幼体的头部背面盐腺中表达。 相似文献
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V. A. Lazarev A. I. Malekhanov L. R. Merklin V. I. Romanova V. I. Talanov A. I. Khil’ko 《Oceanology》2013,53(6):755-761
Experimental results of the seismic profiling with bottom penetration up to 1000 m based on broadband signals and conducted in the Caspian Sea sites are presented. Use has been made of synchronized sequences of probing pulses with linear frequency modulation at a frequency deviation of 50 to100 Hz. The pulses were emitted by a towed sound source of an original design (acoustic power up to 300 W, frequency ranged from 100 to 1000 Hz) and received by a standard digital seismic streamer. The processing of the signals involved the matched filtering of the individual pulses and the trajectory accumulation of a long sequence of pulses lengthwise the horizontal-homogeneous reflecting layers of the bottom structure. The adaptive stacking procedure taking into account the linear inclinations of the individual layers allowed us to enlarge the stacking interval by up to 100 pulses and to increase the effective depth and the spatial resolution of the seismic profiling, which gave us a total increase of more than 30 dB in the S/N ratio. In our view, the seismic profiling using low-power (about 100 W) and broadband (up to several hundred Hz) coherent sound sources represents a promising technology for decreasing the hazardous impact on aquatic ecosystems. The approach developed is an alternative to the conventional technology of marine seismic prospecting based on powerful pulse sources of the shock type (air guns, sparkers) in the low frequency range (less than ～200 Hz). 相似文献
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The problem of recovering signals masked by reverberation is considered. Reverberation data from a shallow-water active sonar experiment in conjunction with simulated echoes are used to examine the potential for signal recovery offered by adaptive filtering and prediction. The deterministic least squares lattice filter is the central adaptive estimator of choice. The prediction error lattice is used to selectively "whiten" the composite process by controlling the algorithm adaptation speed. This is shown to result in significant signal enhancement for low-Doppler echoes masked by reverberation. Adaptive noise canceling with multiple reference beams is shown to be successful in extracting even zero-Doppler echoes from the reverberation background. 相似文献
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Berkson J. Kloosterman H. Akal T. Berrou J. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1985,10(3):299-302
Signals from an explosive source backscattered from the seafloor and received at long range by hydrophones of a towed array are processed to estimate the directional distribution of energy for a given time increment. As assembly of these data shows the time and amplitude of scattering features, and after conversion to distance, the geographic location of the return. A frequency-domain beam-forming procedure is used in which beam levels are averaged over a given band of a broad-band source. The processing is applied to experimental data obtained in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The major backscattering occurred at the Baconi Seamounts and the coastal margin of Sardinia. 相似文献