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1.
剪切带的流体－岩石相互作用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
作为大陆岩石圈中的应变局部化带，剪切带中一般都渗透着大量流体。流体的来源与剪切带所处的构造背景、流变域和水文条件有关，而剪切带中流体的流动则受岩石的渗透率、孔隙度、孔隙性质、流体的扩散和渗透能力、环境的温压条件、应力或载荷的梯度等因素所制约。剪切带中流体的成分、通量及赋存状态或流动方式，直接影响着岩石的流变。由应变局部化及力学失稳所引起的化学不平衡和由流体与岩石的相互作用，使剪切带岩石的矿物成分和化学成分发生调整，其变异程度取决于原岩的性质、剪切的温压条件和流体的成分及通量等。由于流体的渗透流动和流体与岩石的相互作用使剪切带的体积有所变化，体积变化过程是一种自组织行为。较大的体积亏损，意味着剪切带中渗透过大量的流体，这对剪切带的流变行为、化学行为和成矿作用都有深刻的影响。 相似文献
2.
构造变形与流体联合控制成矿作用的机制是矿床学界关注的热点问题之一。作为大陆岩石圈中的应变局部化带,剪切带中一般都渗透着大量流体,流体与岩石的相互作用及其化学效应和物理效应,导致了矿物化学不平衡和组分的迁移,引起岩石化学成分重新调整。文章通过对韧性剪切带内的流体作用、剪切带内的成分与体积变化、剪切变形与成矿模拟实验总结,讨论了剪切变形过程中的力学-化学作用、剪切构造应力和流体在构造成岩成矿过程中的行为。因此,要加强构造应力对温度、岩石物理性质、地球化学相平衡和水岩体系的相关参量方面影响的综合研究。 相似文献
3.
韧性剪切带内流体作用及成分变化与体积变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韧性剪切带中的大量流体活动,影响了变形机制和矿物成分的变化。由于流体的渗透,造成某些元素的迁移,形成剪切带的物质成分变化和体积变化。流体与岩石的相互作用则是剪切带发展过程中的重要作用。应用成分变化计算体积变化已成为研究的热点问题 相似文献
4.
桐柏-大别造山带剪切带阵列的构造岩研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
桐柏—大别造山带剪切带阵列经受长期的应变软化、应变局部化和变形分解作用,形成了一系列构造岩,包括糜棱岩、变晶糜棱岩、半塑性糜棱岩和面理化碎裂岩等。糜棱岩普遍具二相糜棱结构或由相连的弱相基质或层分离强相残斑或布丁所形成的IWL(Interconnected weak matrix or layers)结构。构造岩中显微构造各式各样,并具一定的组合形式和演化规律,反映了不同环境下主导变形机制的多样性及变形机制间转换的规律性。代表性剪切带岩石化学成分变异的研究表明,除流体流动外,体积亏损是造成某些组分,尤其是一些不活动组分,如钛、磷、锆、钒、钇等相对富集的主导因素,并由化学成分的变异和质量平衡计算,求出了该剪切带的体积亏损率以及流体/岩石值。较大的体积亏损和大量渗透体的存在,对剪切带的化学行为和流变行为都有着重要的影响作用。 相似文献
5.
剪切带中流体与金矿成矿作用的关系综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
流体广泛存在于剪切带中，在剪切带中汇集，常以通道式运移；流体的渗透和流动引起剪切带的成分变异和体积亏损；剪切中的流体往往携带大量成矿物质而成为矿流体，金矿的形成与流体关系密切； 相似文献
6.
东营凹陷下第三系流体-岩石相互作用研究 总被引：38，自引：5，他引：33
盆地内地层流体-岩石相互作用导致储层特征和流体性质发生变化,影响油气藏的形成与分布。本文分析了东营凹陷下第三系地层孔隙流体的化学和动力学特征及其分布规律,根据地层中矿物的组成和结构特征对成岩过程中地层古流体的地球化学特征进行了推测。并通过对典型油田泥岩层和砂岩层中矿物组合及其在地层剖面上的变化规律的实例剖析,揭示了东营凹陷下第三系储层中流体-岩石相互作用的基本特点,在此基础上,建立储层中流体-岩石相互作用的地质/地球化学模型。 相似文献
7.
韧性剪切带内流体作用的研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
韧性剪切带内的流体作用是一种复杂的构造物理化学过程和力学－化学的耦合过程。它不仅影响着岩石的变形机制,促进变形构造的发生和发展,而且影响着岩石的矿物组成及化学成分的变化。本文在综合评价现有研究成果的基础上认为,岩石的成分变异和体积变化是韧性前切带内流体作用研究的主要内容,韧性剪切带内构造－流体演化历史,构造物理化学、岩石应变模式及其特征的研究是今后韧性剪切带内流体作用研究的发展方向和前沿领域。 相似文献
8.
剪切带研究的某些进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
简要介绍了一般剪切带的成分变异、体积变化、流体流动的研究进展、着重讨论了榴辉岩相剪切带流体流动与变形变质作用的关系，认为剪切带应变不均匀性、变质作用不均一性和流体存在状态及流体超压是榴辉岩形成和保存的3个主要制约因素。 相似文献
9.
0 前言当流体渗入岩石及它们在化学上未达平衡时,化学反应就在流体和岩石中的矿物之间发生了。一旦考虑到矿物-流体反应的化学计算和流体成分,反应进程可用来定量测量有多少流体在化学上与岩石相互作用。这样,反应进程就可作为比如变质作用和热液事件期间流体—岩石相互作用的天然古流量计。可广泛应用。在一个露头范围内可确定流动的流体是渗透的还是沿层面、裂隙或页理沟流的(channelizd)。在区域范围内,反应进 相似文献
10.
研究地壳中流体的工作方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地壳中广泛存在流体,它在地壳的演化过程中起着重要作用。目前对于地壳中流体的研究主要重于其来源、时代、成分、热和质量的传递以及流体和矿物、岩石的相互作用。文中叙述了研究地壳中流体有关内容所采用的各种工作方法,包括了流体的同位素及年代学研究方法,重点介绍了近年运用人造卫星和遥感技术研究地壳中流体的新方法。最后用实例阐明了当前研究地壳中流体的成就。 相似文献
11.
Fluid-Rock Interaction of Shear Zones in Continental Crust:as Evidenced by Xincheng-Xishui and Hetai Shear Zones 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhong Zengqiu You Zhendong Xu QidongFaculty oj Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1995,(2)
There is a coupling of thermal, mechanical, chemical and fluidal processes in a continental shear zone. Both Xincheng-Xishui and Hetai shear zones are typical continental crust shear zones of greenschist facies environment. The representative mylonite zones of the shear zones are studied with whole rock major and trace element analyses. The chemical compositional variation tendencies in both shear zones are very similar and the gain-loss ratios of various components in the mylonitic rocks are reflected in the mass balance equations. The enrichment of those immobile high-field-strengh elements is considered to he related to the volume loss of the myionitic rocks in a shear zone. Based on the volume loss expression C_s/C_o=1/(1-V),the fractional volume losses (V)are 37.5％ and 36.5％-42.3％ respectively for mylonites and ultramylonites in the Xincheng-Xishui shear zone and 11％ and 28％ respectively for mylonites and phyllonites in the Hetai shear zone. The high volume loss and large removal of SiO_2 from 相似文献
12.
YANG Xiaoyong LUI Deliang YANG Xueming WANG KuirenDepartment of Earth Space Sciences Advanced Centre for Earth Sciencesand Astronomy University of Science Technology of Chin the Third World Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui DAI JinxingResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》1998,72(1):37-50
On the basis of field geology, three typical ductile shear zones in the southern part of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault belt have been chosen for a detailed study. Altogether ten samples of the tectonites have been collected for this study. The paper is focused on a comprehensive study of the tectonites in the medium-lower horizons of the ductile shear zones. The mineral compositions of the rocks are analyzed with EPMA and some typical whole-rock samples analyzed by chemical and ICP methods. Based on the comprehensive study of the characteristics of the deformation, the mineral assemblages and the changes of chemical composition of the bulk rocks, this paper presents a discussion on the relationship between the volume loss, the fluid flow and compositional changes during mylonitization of the ductile shear zones in this region. Our study shows that there are a large amount of fluids flowing through the shear zones during the process of mylonization, accompanied by the loss of rock volume and migration of el 相似文献
13.
A. Essaifi R. Capdevila S. Fourcade J. L. Lagarde M. Ballèvre CH. Marignac 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2004,22(1):25-43
During emplacement and cooling, the layered mafic–ultramafic Kettara intrusion (Jebilet, Morocco) underwent coeval effects of deformation and pervasive fluid infiltration at the scale of the intrusion. In the zones not affected by deformation, primary minerals (olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene) were partially or totally altered into Ca‐amphibole, Mg‐chlorite and CaAl‐silicates. In the zones of active deformation (centimetre‐scale shear zones), focused fluid flow transformed the metacumulates (peridotites and leucogabbros) into ultramylonites where insoluble primary minerals (ilmenite, spinel and apatite) persist in a Ca‐amphibole‐rich matrix. Mass‐balance calculations indicate that shearing was accompanied by up to 200% volume gain; the ultramylonites being enriched in Si, Ca, Mg, and Fe, and depleted in Na and K. The gains in Ca and Mg and losses in Na and K are consistent with fluid flow in the direction of increasing temperature. When the intrusion had cooled to temperatures prevailing in the country rock (lower greenschist facies), deformation was still active along the shear zones. Intense intragranular fracturing in the shear zone walls and subsequent fluid infiltration allowed shear zones to thicken to metre‐scale shear zones with time. The inner parts of the shear zones were transformed into chlorite‐rich ultramylonites. In the shear zone walls, muscovite crystallized at the expense of Ca–Al silicates, while calcite and quartz were deposited in ‘en echelon’ veins. Mass‐balance calculations indicate that formation of the chlorite‐rich shear zones was accompanied by up to 60% volume loss near the centre of the shear zones; the ultramylonites being enriched in Fe and depleted in Si, Ca, Mg, Na and K while the shear zones walls are enriched in K and depleted in Ca and Si. The alteration observed in, and adjacent to the chlorite shear zones is consistent with an upward migrating regional fluid which flows laterally into the shear zone walls. Isotopic (Sr, O) signatures inferred for the fluid indicate it was deeply equilibrated with host lithologies. 相似文献
14.
郯庐断裂带南段桴槎山韧性剪切带糜棱岩的变形条件和组分迁移系 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
本文对郯庐断裂带南段主干断裂典型的韧性剪切带进行了系统的剖析。从糜棱岩塑性变形的亚颗粒化、动态重结晶和矿物成分特征及岩石组分迁移变化等入手进行系统的研究工作，计算了岩石形成的温度、压力和流动应力和流变速率参数；模拟计算了岩石在剪切变形作用下的体积亏损及组分迁移的量值，探讨了变形－变质及流体的相关关系 相似文献
15.
Fracturing,fluid flow and shear zone development: Relationships between chemical and mechanical processes in Proterozoic mafic dykes from southwestern Montana,USA 
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下载免费PDF全文 Fluids can play an important role in the localization of deformation in the deep crust, yet the specific mechanisms active during the complex interactions between metasomatism, metamorphism and deformation remain elusive. Precambrian metagabbronorite dykes in southwest Montana contain fractures filled with Hbl±Grt and discrete cm‐scale shear zones with well‐preserved strain gradients. This system offers an ideal opportunity to constrain the chemical and mechanical processes that facilitated strain localization. An early M1 assemblage of Grt1+Cpx1+Pl1+Qz developed at conditions of 0.51–0.85 GPa and 500–700°C and is preserved largely as a static replacement of relict igneous phases (Opx, Pgt, Pl) in coronitic textures. An M2 assemblage characterized by Grt2+Pl2±Cpx2+Hbl+Scp+Qz developed at 0.86–1.00 GPa and 660–730°C coincided with fluid flow and deformation associated with shear zone development. Microstructural observations in marginal protomylonite/mylonite and laminated ultramylonite suggest a shear zone evolution that involved (1) nucleation from pre‐existing fractures that were sites for major fluid infiltration, (2) initial widening coincident with grain‐size reduction by microfracturing, dislocation creep, and synkinematic metamorphic reaction by solution transfer, and (3) a switch in the dominant deformation mechanisms active in the ultramylonite from grain‐size insensitive mechanisms to grain‐size sensitive granular flow accommodated by fluid‐assisted diffusion. Throughout this evolution, the effective bulk compositions of the rock volumes responding to metamorphism changed through a combination of mechanical and metasomatic processes. 相似文献
16.
The Nordre Strømfjord shear zone is about 20 km wide and is exposed for 170 km along strike. It formed under granulite to amphibolite facies conditions as part of the 1,850 Ma-old Nagssugtoqidian orogeny affecting the largely Archean terrain of central West Greenland. We have made Rb-Sr isotope measurements on ca. 130 whole rock samples from the shear zone and have made microprobe analyses of biotite and plagioclase on 40 of them in order to evaluate the effects of shear zone formation on the Rb-Sr isotope system. Seven separate localities were sampled, four of them extensively; large whole rock samples and small, cm-scale thin slices were used in this study.The Rb-Sr isotope systems and the biotite compositions of the large whole rocks show variable degrees of re-equilibration during shear zone formation. Rb-Sr data for the least affected suites still scatter about Archean isochrons and the biotite compositions show wide variations both within and between samples. In other more affected suites, the Rb-Sr system was reset to approximate the age of shear zone formation on the scale of 10's of meters, and the biotite compositions are consistent within individual samples. The most strongly affected suites underwent profound chemical and isotopic changes. Whole rock suites preserve virtually no Rb-Sr isotopic record of their preshear zone history and the biotite compositions of entire suites are very homogeneous. The cm-scale suites of thin slices all show some degree of Proterozoic re-equilibration, although sharp Sr isotopic discontinuities between groups of lithologic layers are preserved.Among the suites of large whole rocks, the observed variations do not correlate with variations in shear strain, size of sampling domain, average Rb/Sr, range of Rb/Sr or ppm Sr. The combined Rb-Sr and microprobe data suggest that the responses are most likely to represent differences in total fluid/rock ratio in a system undergoing significant fluid transport. Our data suggest an uneven distribution of fluid pathways within the shear zone and a strongly preferred direction of fluid flow parallel to lithologic boundaries.Data from previous studies are also consistent with the conclusion that fluid transport is the major agent of Rb-Sr isotopic resetting in shear zones. This conclusion has implications for optimum sampling strategies in Rb-Sr dating of high strain events and for the processes by which Rb-Sr isotopic resetting occurs during regional metamorphism. 相似文献