共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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基于虚拟观测的病态问题解法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在大地测量数据处理领域中,处理病态问题的主要方法有:岭估计方法、奇异值分解法(SVD)、Tik-honov正则化方法等,但是这些方法大多数是强调数学上的意义,没有充分联系大地测量的实际情况,因此不利于在测绘领域病态问题本质的理解和研究。为使病态问题的求解具有实际的物理意义,提出了基于虚拟观测的岭估计方法。该方法将先验约束条件作为一类互相独立的虚拟观测值,从而把病态问题转化为测量平差问题,然后运用Helmert方差估计法来确定岭参数。该方法还可以得到的参数之间的权矩阵,用它来代替虚拟观测值的权矩阵,重新对参数进行计算,则实现了该方法向广义岭估计的推广。实际算例分析的结果表明该方法不仅计算简单而且能保证结果精确。 相似文献
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一种遥感影像分类精度检验的新方法 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
遥感影像中属于某类别的特征向量服从正态分布，基于此理论，根据统计学原理，提出一种新的基于类别分布的分类精度检验方法，该方法与常规基于混淆矩阵的分类精度检验方法完全不同，不需检验数据，仅需要一定的样本数据来估计总体的分布，可直接利用监督分类的训练区进行，因此对监督分类而言工作量极小。该方法能够进行的关键是类别总体的分布能通过某一分布的假设检验，在这种情况下可方便地计算出该类别的生产者精度，同时根据类别均值向量对应的像元数目和均值向量在类别总体中出现的概率计算出类别总体的数目后，可计算出各类别的用户精度，然后根据各类别的用户精度和分类后各类别分布面积比例计算出分类总精度。最后以郑州市高密度建设用地分类的生产者精度数据的获取为例进行了实证研究。研究表明：对于总体分布与正态分布最接近的两个波段的分类结果，本方法的计算结果与常规方法的计算结果在统计意义上可以认为一致。 相似文献
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A few researches adopt virtual reality in landslide. So it is significant to combine the physics-based deformable method with the process simulation of a sliding landslide, this way the dynamic process of a going landslide can be simulated. The analysis of the dynamic law of landslide provides a foundation to forecast and make it realiable to foretell disasters. After recounting the condition of VR and landsliding body simulation, this paper puts forward simulating landslide by the physics-based deformable method. The method divides landsliding into deformable body and rigid one. The deformation of deformable body can be compute by DDA and FEM, and DDA fits the great deformation and FEM is good for the tiny deformation. This paper shows it is feasible to simulate the landslide animation by this method. 相似文献
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传统的后方交会最小二乘解法需要良好的外方位元素初值。在无初值或者初值不够精确的情况下,最小二乘迭代不容易收敛。在近景摄影测量或者计算机视觉等领域,往往不提供良好的初值,无法适用传统的后方交会解法。针对上述情况,本文提出了一种基于单应性矩阵的后方交会直接解法,在不需要初值的情况下,获取外方位元素的直接解。该方法根据单应性矩阵所描述的平面几何关系,利用单应性矩阵内在的约束条件,将后方交会问题转换为一个二元二次方程组的求解问题。该方法受舍入误差影响小,在无偶然误差的情况下,解算精度能达到10–9量级,能够避免传统直接解法计算复杂的问题,为传统的平差迭代解法提供良好的初值。此外,在多个控制点共面的情况下,该方法能够直接获得外方位元素的精确解。实验结果表明:在各种不同倾角拍摄的情况下,该方法均能够获得稳定的外方位元素,为后续的后方交会最小二乘算法提供良好的初值。采用本文方法计算的初值参与平差,能够达到与人工给定初值平差一致的精度,且迭代收敛速度是人工给定初值平差的2倍以上。在控制点共面的情况下,该方法的反投影精度能够达到亚像素级,且精度优于大部分主流的直接解法。 相似文献
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PANJianping YEHuanzhou 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(2):153-156
A few researches adopt virtual reality in landslide. So it is significant to combine the physicsbased deformable method with the process simulation of a sliding landslide, this way the dynamic process of a going landslide can be simulated. The analysis of the dynamic law of landslide provides a foundation to forecast and make it realiable to foretell disasters. After recounting the condition of VR and landsliding body simulation, this paper puts forward simulating landslide by the physics-based deformable method. The method divides landsliding into deformable body and rigid one. The deformation of deformable body can be compute by DDA and FEM, and DDA fits the great deformation and FEM is good for the tiny deformation. This paper shows it is feasible to simulate the landslide animation by this method. 相似文献
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轮回搜索-贝叶斯法及其在大地测量反演中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
分析了反演中常用的贝叶斯逼近法、轮回搜索法两种算法的优缺点，提出轮回搜索一贝叶斯联合算法，该算法可以很好地反演出先验信息不明的参数。利用喜马拉雅区域GPS速度场，通过位错模型结合轮回搜索-贝叶斯方法，反演分析了印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞情况。 相似文献
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模糊神经网络在GPS高程转换中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
介绍了T-S模糊神经网络的基本原理以及如何确定GPS高程转换的模糊神经网络模型,并采用该模型对实测数据进行了计算分析。结果表明,模糊神经网络能够对小区域GPS高程做出比较准确定的拟合,从而能够为GPS高程转换提供一种较好的方法,能够满足实际工程需要。 相似文献
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针对传统PCT方法中“相干相位-幅度联合反演算法”的缺点,采用RVOG模型,利用改进的非线性迭代算法反演植被高、地表相位.改进的非线性迭代算法不仅充分利用不同极化方式对应的复相干系数,同时兼顾复相干系数的先验统计误差,提高参数解算的可靠性,进而提高PCT结果的反演精度.最后,采用两景德国E-SAR数据进行实验,实验结果表明：文中提出的方法能较好地反映植被的垂直结构信息;植被冠层对应的平均相对反射率函数近似服从高斯分布;反演的相对反射率值与植被的种类、密度存在一定关联. 相似文献
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A method for generating a digital elevation model (DEM) was suggested byEbner. The heights of grid points are interpolated from arbitrarily distributed reference points using the finite element method. The requested grid heights of the DEM are defined as unknowns and estimated from the available reference points and a general curvature minimization of the interpolation surface with filtering at the reference points. This problem can be interpreted as an adjustment of indirect observations and can be solved using the least squares method. This leads to a banded structured system of normal equations in case of numbering the unknowns in a row-wise order. This ordering may not be the best strategy for the solution of the normal equations, because the band contains many zero elements. Therefore algorithms which exploit the nonzero/zero structure to better advantage have been applied in combination with the pivot strategies of “Nested Dissection” and “Minimum Degree Ordering” (OPTORD). The operational characteristics of these algorithms are compared with those of the band-algorithm for several DEM problems that vary in size to over 4000 unknowns. The result shows that the number of nonzeros and the number of essential operations can be reduced drastically when using sparse algorithms, but that because of the very high bookkeeping expenses, band algorithms are to be preferred. 相似文献
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地图扫描矢量化误差的最小二乘配置法处理研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
屏幕扫描数字化是地图数字化的常用方法。在数字化过程中,由于地图本身的变形、扫描仪分辨率等系统误差会影响数字化的结果。仿射变换是实现栅格数据向矢量化数据转换的常用方法之一,研究表明基于最小二乘的仿射变换只可以消除整体变形,而不能消除局部变形。为此作者提出采用最小二乘配置。采用最小二乘配置可以在计算转换参数的同时估计局部系统变形信号,可以消除或减弱以上误差的影响,改善数字化精度。实例分析表明,是提高扫描数字化的有效方法。 相似文献
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微分和积分是一对逆运算，但是微分比积分更容易运算。用常规方法求解不定积分问题是相当困难的。本文给出求不定积分的一种新方法。该方法易掌握，特别是使用该方法对无理函数积分更容易求得结果。 相似文献
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Integrating the Huff Model and Floating Catchment Area Methods to Analyze Spatial Access to Healthcare Services 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jun Luo 《Transactions in GIS》2014,18(3):436-448
Analysis of spatial access to healthcare services is critical for effective health resource planning. Gravity‐based spatial access models have been widely used to estimate spatial access to healthcare services. Among them, the floating catchment area (FCA) methods have been proved to be informative and helpful to the designation of Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs). This article integrates the Huff Model with the FCA method to articulate population selection on services. Through the proposed approach, population demand on healthcare services is adjusted by a Huff Model‐based selection probability that reflects the impacts of both distance impedance and service site capacity. The new approach moderates the over‐ or under‐estimating of population demand that occurred with previous methods. Furthermore, the method uses a continuous distance impedance weight function instead of the arbitrarily defined subzones of previous studies. A case study of spatial access to primary care in Springfield, MO, showed that the proposed method can effectively moderate the population demand on service sites and therefore can generate more reliable spatial access measures. 相似文献
18.
Jianghui Geng Xiaolin Meng Alan H. Dodson Maorong Ge Felix N. Teferle 《Journal of Geodesy》2010,84(12):705-714
Integer ambiguity resolution at a single receiver can be achieved if the fractional-cycle biases are separated from the ambiguity
estimates in precise point positioning (PPP). Despite the improved positioning accuracy by such integer resolution, the convergence
to an ambiguity-fixed solution normally requires a few tens of minutes. Even worse, these convergences can repeatedly occur
on the occasion of loss of tracking locks for many satellites if an open sky-view is not constantly available, consequently
totally destroying the practicability of real-time PPP. In this study, in case of such re-convergences, we develop a method
in which ionospheric delays are precisely predicted to significantly accelerate the integer ambiguity resolution. The effectiveness
of this method consists in two aspects: first, wide-lane ambiguities can be rapidly resolved using the ionosphere-corrected
wide-lane measurements, instead of the noisy Melbourne–Wübbena combination measurements; second, narrow-lane ambiguity resolution
can be accelerated under the tight constraints derived from the ionosphere-corrected unambiguous wide-lane measurements. In
the test at 90 static stations suffering from simulated total loss of tracking locks, 93.3 and 95.0% of re-convergences to
wide-lane and narrow-lane ambiguity resolutions can be achieved within five epochs of 1-Hz measurements, respectively, even
though the time latency for the predicted ionospheric delays is up to 180 s. In the test at a mobile van moving in a GPS-adverse
environment where satellite number significantly decreases and cycle slips frequently occur, only when the predicted ionospheric
delays are applied can the rate of ambiguity-fixed epochs be dramatically improved from 7.7 to 93.6% of all epochs. Therefore,
this method can potentially relieve the unrealistic requirement of a continuous open sky-view by most PPP applications and
improve the practicability of real-time PPP. 相似文献
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手持式GPS在人们的生产与生活中得到了广泛的应用。在工程测绘中,怎样才能提高其精度、拓展其使用范围,是大家都关心的问题。就此做了大量比测、分析工作,作了探讨,提出了一种方法,供参考。 相似文献
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高光谱遥感数据三次光滑样条滤噪 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
分析了高光谱遥感数据噪声滤波的作用和现状，实现了一种基于三次光滑样条函数的高光谱遥感数据噪声滤波算法，解决了目前高光谱遥感数据噪声滤波算法自适应效果不理想的问题。通过对AVIRIS数据试验，证明此方法简单易行，计算精度高，具有良好的局部自适应拟合能力，并能有效地滤除数据中的噪声，改善数据质量。 相似文献