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1.
针对多源光学卫星影像几何校正过程中同名点匹配率低、配准过程自动化差等问题,本文采用相位一致性代替原始尺度不变特征变换(scale invitation feature transform,SIFT)算法中的像素灰度值梯度对主方向和特征向量进行描述,提升特征描述的正确率;以频率域下相位分析结果为约束条件对匹配结果进行优化,抑制错误匹配同名点;同时,提出了一种基于随机采样一致性(RANSAC)的自适应选择策略,提高参数估计阶段的自动化水平;最后,实现多源光学卫星影像间的配准。多组数据实验结果表明了该方法在辐射非线性畸变多源光学卫星影像间配准中的有效性和适用性。 相似文献
2.
MIHT(Modified Iterated Hough Transform)方法用于影像配准时,具有以直线段作为配准基元、线段之间不需同名关系等优点,同时亦存在着收敛速度慢、计算费时等不足。针对MIHT算法的缺点,提出将选权迭代最小二乘法引入到计算过程中,并且文中给出改进算法的具体实施流程。实验证明,与原算法相比较,改进算法的收敛速度和可靠性都有了明显的提高。 相似文献
3.
禄丰年 《测绘科学技术学报》2007,24(4):251-254
图像配准技术是近年来发展迅速的图像处理技术之一,是图像融合、目标提取与定位、变化监测、高分辨率影像重建等处理工作不可缺少的步骤.首先给出了多源遥感影像配准的概念和基本过程,然后着重从匹配基元、转换函数、相似性测度、匹配策略4个方面对国内外现有的影像配准技术和方法进行了分析和评述,最后指出了影像配准技术所面临的主要难题和发展方向. 相似文献
4.
提出一种车载移动测量系统（MMS）激光点云与序列全景影像自动配准方法。首先采用层次化城市场景目标提取方法自激光点云提取天际线矢量,在全景影像中经虚拟成像与分割角点提取算法生成天际线矢量。然后,将提取结果作为几何配准基元,构建配准基元图,通过最小化配准基元图编辑距离进行匹配,组成共轭配准基元对,解算2D-3D粗配准模型,获得全景影像与LiDAR点云参考坐标系之间的初始转换关系。最后,为消除几何配准基元提取与匹配误差对配准结果的影响,自序列全景影像虚拟成像影像生成多视立体密集匹配点云,继而使用变种ICP算法优化其与激光点云数据间3D-3D配准参数,间接优化全景影像与激光点云间的配准参数,精化配准结果。试验结果表明,本文提出的自动配准方法可以实现车载MMS激光点云与序列全景影像的1.5像素级自动配准,配准成果可应用于真彩色点云生成等点云/影像数据融合应用。 相似文献
5.
Automatic Registration Between Low-Altitude LiDAR Point Clouds and Aerial Images Using Road Features
Peipei He Xinjing Wang Youchuan Wan Jingzhong Xu Wei Yang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(12):1963-1973
Among the many means of acquiring surface information, low-altitude light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR, UAV-LiDAR) have become an important approach to accessing geospatial information. Considering the lower level of hardware technology in low-altitude LiDAR systems compared to that in airborne LiDAR, and the greater flexibility in-flight, registration procedures must be first performed to facilitate the fusion of laser point data and aerial images. The corner points and edges of buildings are frequently used for the automatic registration of aerial imagery with LiDAR data. Although aerial images and LiDAR data provide powerful support for building detection, adaptive edge detection for all types of building shapes is difficult. To deal with the weakness of building edge detection and reduce matching-related computation, the study presents a novel automatic registration method for aerial images, with LiDAR data, on the basis of main-road information in urban areas. Firstly, vector road centerlines are extracted from raw LiDAR data and then projected onto related aerial images with the use of coarse exterior orientation parameters (EOPs). Secondly, the corresponding image road features of each LiDAR vector road are determined using an improved total rectangle-matching approach. Finally, the endpoints of the conjugate road features obtained from the LiDAR data and aerial images are used as ground control points in space resection adjustment to refine the EOPs; an iterative strategy is used to obtain optimal matching results. Experimental results using road features verify the feasibility, robustness and accuracy of the proposed approach. 相似文献
6.
基于特征基元的点云数据配准方法,利用控制点对机载与车载点云数据进行概略匹配,构建了顾及梯度与颜色特征及特征组对的特征点匹配算法模型,根据拟合平面特征解算平移和旋转变换参数,实现了机载与车载点云数据的精确配准,并在此基础上建立了多角度点云数据融合的房屋顶部和立面特征提取、点云数据与光学影像纹理信息匹配的技术流程,实现了建（构）筑物三维精细建模,并通过实例验证了本文所提方法的有效性。 相似文献
7.
城区机载LiDAR数据与航空影像的自动配准 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为解决机载LiDAR数据与航空影像集成应用中二者的配准问题,提出了一种机载LiDAR数据与航空影像配准的方法。首先,直接在LiDAR点云中提取建筑物3维轮廓线,通过将轮廓线规则化得到由两条相互垂直的直线段组成的建筑物角特征,并在航空影像上提取直线特征;然后,根据影像初始外方位元素将建筑物角特征投影到航空影像上,并采用一定的相似性测度在影像上寻找同名的影像角特征;最后,将角特征的角点当作控制点,利用传统的摄影测量光束法区域网平差解求影像新的外方位元素。解算过程中采用循环迭代策略。本方法的主要特点是,直接从LiDAR点云中提取线特征,避免了常规方法从距离图(或强度图)中提取线特征所产生的内插误差。通过与现有基于点云强度图的配准方法的对比实验表明,在低精度初始外方位元素的辅助下,本文方法能够达到较高的配准精度。 相似文献
8.
图像配准技术是近年来发展迅速的图像处理技术之一,是图像融合、目标提取与定位、变化监测、高分辨率影像重建等处理工作不可缺少的步骤。首先给出了多源遥感影像配准的概念和基本过程,然后着重从匹配基元、转换函数、相似性测度、匹配策略4个方面对国内外现有的影像配准技术和方法进行了分析和评述,最后指出了影像配准技术所面临的主要难题和发展方向。 相似文献
9.
经典的基于点状特征匹配的地面激光雷达（light detection and ranging,LiDAR）点云配准算法实现过程中,点状特征的提取精度对算法运行结果的影响通常较大;基于迭代运算的LiDAR点云配准算法计算量大,对未知参数的初值依赖程度较高,在求解大转角刚体变换参数时算法不稳定。对此,提出了一种线状特征约束下基于Plücker直线坐标描述的LiDAR点云配准算法。立足于经典的向量代数与对偶四元数的相关理论与方法,分析并确定了Plücker直线坐标与对偶四元数之间的相互转换关系以及模型描述方法;以LiDAR点云配准前后同名线状特征的Plücker直线坐标相等为约束条件,构建了线状特征约束下基于Plücker直线坐标描述的刚体变换模型;立足于最小二乘基本准则,通过目标函数的极值化分析实现了线状特征约束下地面LiDAR点云配准参数的直接求解。实验结果表明,所构建的基于Plücker直线坐标描述的地面LiDAR点云配准模型,无需事先确定变换参数的初值,避免了多元函数的线性化过程,解除了参数结果对于迭代初值的依赖,理论上克服了迭代法在求解大转角相似变换参数时的算法不稳定问题。此外,较之单纯基于点状特征匹配的LiDAR点云配准算法,该算法可以有效地增强LiDAR点云配准过程的约束,达到提高配准质量的目的。 相似文献
10.
视觉驱动的变分配准方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对传统整体配准模型不能充分顾及局部变形的问题,提出了一种视觉驱动的变分配准方法。该方法在变分模型建立中综合考虑了局部变换、整体平滑和视觉约束,同时兼顾了亮度和对比度差异。首先,基于灰度均方根误差建立配准模型的数据项;其次,为了保证整体平滑,模型采用H1半范数进行自适应约束;最后,为了保证影像中的空间属性满足视觉的要求,不能出现扭曲变形,采用直线特征进行先验约束。在变分模型求解过程中先利用整个影像估计影像之间的整体变换参数,然后采用小的邻域范围进行局部估计。整个过程在多水平差分框架下迭代求解变换参数,进而兼顾了整体平滑和局部变形。笔者利用ZY-3卫星数据进行了试验,采用目视和量化指标进行了评价,验证了本文方法的优越性。 相似文献
11.
针对地面激光雷达点云和数码光学影像非同源异质数据自动配准困难的问题,本文提出了基于互信息的两种数据同名特征高精度自动提取的方法。首先,把点云数据生成中心平面投影的反射强度图像和基于RGB信息的彩色图像,应用点云彩色图像和数码光学影像的匹配,确定点云与影像的粗配准参数;然后,对反射强度图像进行特征提取,应用粗配准参数确定其在数码光学影像上的初始位置,应用互信息实现非同源数据的高精度匹配;最后,应用罗德里格矩阵和选权迭代方法计算高精度配准参数,生成三维彩色模型。试验证明,本文方法可以解决地面激光点云和数码光学影像非同源异质数据的配准问题,具有一定的研究和应用价值。 相似文献
12.
The development of robust and accurate methods for automatic registration of optical imagery and 3D LiDAR data continues to be a challenge for a variety of applications in photogrammetry, computer vision and remote sensing. This paper proposes a new approach for the registration of optical imagery with LiDAR data based on the theory of Mutual Information (MI), which exploits the statistical dependency between same- and multi-modal datasets to achieve accurate registration. The MI-based similarity measures quantify dependencies between aerial imagery, and both LiDAR intensity data and 3D point cloud data. The needs for specific physical feature correspondences, which are not always attainable in the registration of imagery with 3D point clouds, are avoided. Current methods for registering 2D imagery to 3D point clouds are first reviewed, after which the mutual MI approach is presented. Particular attention is given to adoption of the Normalised Combined Mutual Information (NCMI) approach as a means to produce a similarity measure that exploits the inherently registered LiDAR intensity and point cloud data so as to improve the robustness of registration between optical imagery and LiDAR data. The effectiveness of local versus global similarity measures is also investigated, as are the transformation models involved in the registration process. An experimental program conducted to evaluate MI-based methods for registering aerial imagery to LiDAR data is reported and the results obtained in two areas with differing terrain and land cover, and with aerial imagery of different resolution and LiDAR data with different point density are discussed. These results demonstrate the potential of the MI and especially the CMI methods for registration of imagery and 3D point clouds, and they highlight the feasibility and robustness of the presented MI-based approach to automated registration of multi-sensor, multi-temporal and multi-resolution remote sensing data for a wide range of applications. 相似文献
13.
在影像数据融合、动态变化监测等遥感影像集成分析和应用中,将来自不同传感器、不同时相获取的影像高精度快速配准是其中的关键技术之一。本文提出了一种不同传感器、不同空间分辨率影像配准的全自动方法,并实际用于ＳＰＯＴ（全色）和ＴＭ（多波段）影像的配准,其精度、可靠性和效率等均明显优于传统的人工方法。 相似文献
14.
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) allows production of high resolution DEM and detection of small earth motions using multiple pass SAR data sets obtained by remote sensing satellite. But the whole process has not yet reached sufficient robustness to warrant automated DEM production as commonly produced by stereovision with optical images. The automatic algorithm for precision registration is one of the bottlenecks in InSAR data processing. In this paper, an automatic approach with multi-step image matching algorithm is presented. All procedures are automatically implemented. The experiment is carried out successfully with SIR-C/L-band InSAR data. The triangular piecewise rectification is also advanced in reducing local distortion between the images and processing the large scene image. The primary result has prospect in the precision registration for the repeat-track InSAR data and reveals the potential of the presented automatic strategy. 相似文献
15.
LIAO Mingsheng ZHANG Zuxun ZHANG Li ZHANG Jianqing LIAO Mingsneng professor National Laooratory for momation Engineering in Surveying Mapping Remote Sensing Luoyu Road Wuhan China 《地球空间信息科学学报》1999,2(1):30-34
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) allows production of high resolution DEM and detection of small earth motions using multiple pass SAR data sets obtained by remote sensing satellite. But the whole process has not yet reached sufficient robustness to warrant automated DEM production as commonly produced by stereovision with optical images. The automatic algorithm for precision registration is one of the bottlenecks in InSAR data processing. In this paper, an automatic approach with multi-step image matching algorithm is presented. All procedures are automatically implemented. The experiment is carried out successfully with SIR-C/L-band InSAR data. The triangular piecewise rectification is also advanced in reducing local distortion between the images and processing the large scene image. The primary result has prospect in the precision registration for the repeat-track InSAR data and reveals the potential of the presented automatic strategy. 相似文献
16.
This paper proposes an automatic method for registering terrestrial laser scans in terms of robustness and accuracy. The proposed method uses spatial curves as matching primitives to overcome the limitations of registration methods based on points, lines, or patches as primitives. These methods often have difficulty finding correspondences between the scanned point clouds of freeform surfaces (e.g., statues, cultural heritage). The proposed method first clusters visually prominent points selected according to their associated geometric curvatures to extract crest lines which describe the shape characteristics of point clouds. Second, a deformation energy model is proposed to measure the shape similarity of these crest lines to select the correct matching-curve pairs. Based on these pairs, good initial orientation parameters can be obtained, resulting in fine registration. Experiments were undertaken to evaluate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method, demonstrating a reliable and stable solution for accurately registering complex scenes without good initial alignment. 相似文献
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18.
用线特征摄影测量对目标体素进行量测和重建的可行性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文利用线特征摄影测量方法对ＣＡＤ实体造型中体素进行自动量测与重建、借此建立ＣＡＤ与数字摄影测量的桥梁，文中提出了一种以描述体素几何元素为未知数，直接在像片线特征与物体表面之间进行匹配的线特征摄影测量模型和方法，并对其可行性进行了实验，实验结果表明：线特征摄影测量能达到立体摄影测量相同的，甚至更高的精度，从而可解决无明显目标点工点物体的自动量测。 相似文献
19.
基于直线特征匹配的序列图像自动配准 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了一种运用相应直线段特征作为控制基础的序列图像自动配准方法。根据相应直线段"共线"原理建立了图像配准模型,该模型的优点是不必精确定位相应直线段的端点,突破了相应特征必须严格"同名"的限制。同时,根据图像配准对控制直线段的要求,分别设计了序列图像中直线段特征的自动提取和自动匹配算法,从而实现了概略对准条件下的序列图像的全自动配准。 相似文献
20.
为较好地解决自由形状线特征匹配研究中线特征丰富信息的充分利用与有效描述这对矛盾,提出一种利用分级匹配策略的遥感影像匹配方法。为保证方法具有较高的匹配精度,从影像中检测亚像素边缘并进行有效的跟踪以得到连续性较好的自由形状线特征;再从中提取闭合线特征、线特征交点和角点等较稳定的特征作为共轭实体进行粗匹配,在确定各类特征的待选同名特征后,根据面积、角度等几何信息以及模型参数的分布特点逐步剔除误匹配,进而利用同名特征确定精匹配的初始参数;精匹配时对线特征中的亚像素边缘点加以利用,采用多层次二维迭代最邻近点(ICP)法依次利用由低到高采样率的边缘点进行匹配。试验结果表明,粗匹配选取的特征性能稳定,具有较高的匹配正确率和精度,能为精匹配提供较准确的初始参数,精匹配能达到与最小二乘影像匹配相当的亚像素级匹配精度,并且对具有较小仿射变形的影像也能实现稳定、准确的匹配。 相似文献