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1.
Impact of satellite soundings on the simulation of heavy rainfall associated with tropical depressions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The present study is carried out to examine the impact of temperature and humidity profiles from moderate resolution imaging
spectroradiometer (MODIS) or/and atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS) on the numerical simulation of heavy rainfall events
over the India. The Pennsylvania State University–National Centre for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation mesoscale model
(MM5) and its three-dimensional variational (3D-Var) assimilation technique is used for the numerical simulations. The heavy
rainfall events occurred during October 26–29, 2005, and October 27–30, 2006, were chosen for the numerical simulations. The
results showed that there were large differences observed in the initial meteorological fields from control experiment (CNT;
without satellite data) and assimilation experiments (MODIS (assimilating MODIS data), AIRS; (assimilating AIRS data); BOTH
(assimilating MODIS and AIRS data together)). The assimilation of satellite data (MODIS, AIRS, and BOTH) improved the predicted
thermal and moisture structure of the atmosphere when compared to CNT. Among the experiments, the predicted track of tropical
depressions from MODIS was closer to the observed track. Assimilation of MODIS data also showed positive impact on the spatial
distribution and intensity of predicted rainfall associated with the depressions. The statistical skill scores obtained for
different experiments showed that assimilation of satellite data (MODIS, AIRS, and BOTH) improved the rainfall prediction
skill when compared to CNT. Root mean square error in quantitative rainfall prediction is less in the experiment which assimilated
MODIS data when compared to other experiments. 相似文献
2.
Mina Moradizadeh Mehdi Momeni Mohammad R. Saradjian 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(5):1891-1897
Atmospheric water vapor validation needs simultaneous, well-defined, and independent information which are not easily available causing limitations in the development of remote sensing water vapor retrieval algorithms. This study is concerned with the retrieval of total atmospheric water vapor content and its validation. A band ratio method has been used to estimate the water vapor content based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Near InfraRed (NIR) data. The method uses MODIS bands 17, 18, and 19 as NIR bands and band 2 to remove the land cover reflectance. Furthermore, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) has been used for both algorithm development and analysis of the results. The method has been modified to take into account the dry condition of the central parts of Iran. Using some various datasets, the method is implemented and evaluated quantitatively. The validation of the water vapor estimates has been undertaken by an analysis of AIRS data. The validation results shows error as low as 9 % for the estimated water vapor using the MODIS NIR band ratio method. 相似文献
3.
青藏高原积雪对高亚洲地区水和能量循环起着重要的反馈和调节作用,其变化影响着融雪性河流流量,对下游水资源和经济活动具有重要影响。中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）具有较高的时空分辨率,被广泛应用于积雪遥感动态监测,然而光学遥感积雪受云层影响严重,且青藏高原地区水汽分布不均,局地对流活跃,积雪的赋存时间变化快,这给高原地区逐日积雪监测及其气候学制图带来挑战。在考虑青藏高原地形和积雪分布特征情况下,结合现有的云覆盖下积雪判别算法,采用8个不同方法的组合,逐步实现MODIS逐日无云积雪算法。选取2009年10月1日-2011年4月30日两个积雪季为研究期,并采用145个地面台站观测雪深数据对去云算法各步骤过程开展精度验证,结果表明：当积雪深度>3 cm时,逐日无云积雪产品总分类精度达到96.6%,积雪分类精度达83%,积雪判对概率（召回率）达到89.0%,算法可实现青藏高原地区逐日无云积雪动态监测和积雪覆盖气候学数据重建,对高亚洲地区的水、生态和灾害等全球环境变化影响研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
4.
利用MODIS和AMSR-E进行积雪制图的比较分析 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19
MODIS和被动微波辐射计AMSR-E提供了识别积雪的不同方法.MODIS首先计算反映积雪在1.6μm强吸收特性的归一化差值积雪指数NDSI,在剔除卷云的影响后,得到MODIS积雪分布.AMSR-E则根据积雪在微波波段的差异性散射特性识别积雪.通过案例分析比较了MODIS和AMSR-E积雪分布,发现由于云的遮蔽使MODIS积雪分布面积会比实际小,但由于MODIS的空间分辨率很高,得到的积雪边界线轮廓清晰.而微波由于不受云的影响,得到的AMSR-E积雪分布比较符合实际,但积雪的边界线较粗. 相似文献
5.
AIRS红外高光谱资料反演大气水汽廓线研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着卫星遥感关键技术的突破,卫星光谱分辨率达到了分辨大气成分单个谱线的水平,研究人员开始了大量通道同时反演大气廓线和多种微量成分的研究.针对AIRS(Atmospheric Infrared Sounder)就红外高光谱资料反演大气水汽廓线的研究进展进行了评述,从训练数据、通道信息的提取及降维、反演算法和反演精度改进4个方面对反演晴空大气水汽廓线的研究现状进行了分析与讨论.AIRS资料反演大气水汽廓线的训练数据通常选用威斯康星大学提供的全球晴空反演训练样本集CIMSS (Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies,University of WisconsinMadison)和SARTA(Stand-Alone Radiative Transfer Algorithm)辐射传输模式模拟的亮温辐射值.归纳总结了2种通道信息的提取及降维方法:一是采用有效的方法来完成光谱信息压缩,对常用的主成分分析和独立分量分析方法进行了对比,认为独立分量分析更为可行.二是通道选择,即保留部分含有较多大气廓线信息量的通道,达到降维目的.在进行通道选择时要注意针对不同地区气候类型、下垫面、季节以及即时天气条件,选择不同的通道组合.介绍了3种反演算法:特征向量统计法、牛顿非线性迭代法和神经网络法.对比发现特征向量统计法简单易行,但精度不够理想;牛顿非线性迭代法精度虽高但计算耗时长,因此不适合业务使用;神经网络计算速度快、精度也能达到要求,具有很好的前景.对目前的几种样本分类方法及附加因子进行了对比分析,对反演算法精度的改进提出了一些有益的设想.最后对晴空辐射订正及云天大气水汽廓线反演进行了简要介绍,提出了该领域未来的一些研究方向. 相似文献
6.
Suresh K. Santhana Vannan Robert B. Cook Jerry Y. Pan Bruce E. Wilson 《Earth Science Informatics》2011,4(2):97-106
Remote sensing data from satellites have provided valuable information on the state of the earth for several decades. Since
March 2000, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor on board NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites have
been providing estimates of several land parameters useful in understanding earth system processes at global, continental,
and regional scales. However, the HDF-EOS file format, specialized software needed to process the HDF-EOS files, data volume,
and the high spatial and temporal resolution of MODIS data make it difficult for users wanting to extract small but valuable
amounts of information from the MODIS record. To overcome this usability issue, the NASA-funded Distributed Active Archive
Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed a Web service that provides subsets
of MODIS land products using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). The ORNL DAAC MODIS subsetting Web service is a standard
based way of serving satellite data that exploits a fairly established and popular Internet protocol to allow users access
to massive amounts of remote sensing data. The Web service provides MODIS land product subsets up to 201 × 201 km in a non-proprietary
comma delimited text file format. Users can programmatically query the Web service to extract MODIS land parameters for real
time data integration into models, decision support tools or connect to workflow software. Information regarding the MODIS
SOAP subsetting Web service is available on the World Wide Web (WWW) at . 相似文献
7.
湖泊面积变化监测具有重要的科学和社会意义,使用中低分辨率卫星遥感数据进行大面积的湖泊面积变化监测有很多优势,但易受混合像元的影响。本文根据湖泊水体的遥感特性,发展了使用中低分辨率卫星遥感数据的混合像元分解算法,应用线性多端元混合像元分解技术,自动、快速地得到在每个像元中湖泊所占的面积百分比;在上述分类结果的基础上,基于地物的空间依存现象,建立空间吸引力的概念,用循环迭代的方法实现超过遥感影像自身分辨率的湖泊亚像元填图。在针对青藏高原不同季节不同地区的Modis影像的实践中,显示混合像元分解算法可以提供较高精度的软分类结果;使用迭代方法进行亚像元填图是简单高效的,具有很大的应用潜力。 相似文献
8.
基于时序MODIS NDVI的黑河流域土地覆盖分类研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
归一化植被指数(NDVI)是植被生长状态及植被覆盖度的最佳指示因子,其时序数据也已成为基于生物气候特征开展大区域植被和土地覆盖分类的基本手段。基于时序NDVI数据的土地覆盖分类,即通过提取NDVI时间信号所包含的植被生物学参数,构建起一个包含植被生物学信息的分类特征空间。利用2006年重建得到的MODIS NDVI 16天合成时间序列数据,并结合1 km分辨率的DEM数据、野外实地调查资料等辅助数据,综合分析了不同土地覆盖类型对应的时序NDVI谱线及其第一、二谐波的特征阈值,建立决策树对黑河流域的土地覆盖开展分类研究。结果表明,基于时序MODIS NDVI谱线特征的决策树分类精度为78%,Kappa系数为0.74。利用1 km时序MODIS NDVI时间序列获得较为准确的黑河流域土地覆盖类型是可行的。 相似文献
9.
基于多尺度遥感数据估算地表通量的方法及其验证分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地表水热通量(显热通量、潜热通量)的遥感估算在全球气候变化、水资源、生态环境等研究领域具有重要的应用价值.MODIS数据的空间分辨率较低(热红外波段星下点为1 km),而地球表面的几何物理属性又具有高度非均匀性,因而在实际应用中面临较严重的尺度问题.探讨了多源卫星数据(中高分辨率Landsat TM与中低分辨率MODIS)相结合佑算像元通量的2种方法,分别利用高分辫率的地表分类及植被指数信息在混合像元内部进行亚像元处理,以提高非均匀地表混合像元的通量估算精度.研究数据来自于2008年黑河流域综合实验获取的遥感数据和辅助数据,验证数据来自于实验期间获取的不同下垫面的地表通量数据,包括涡度相关(EC)数据,以及大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)数据.计算结果表明,2种方法皆可在下垫面不均匀或者地表类型较复杂的情况下得到比较明显的纠正效果,纠正后的通量与观测更加接近.相比之下,利用植被指数分解温度的方法适用性更广,纠正效果更好.在地面验证中,对比分析了EC和LAS数据在TM尺度和MO-DIS尺度通量验证的适用性.LAS数据测量尺度与MODIS卫星像元尺度相匹配,可以直接验证MODIS通量计算结果,EC数据虽然可以直接验证TM计算的通量,但与MODIS数据对比,还需要进行尺度转换,即先用EC验证TM通量,然后将TM通量降尺度,与MODIS进行对比.最后对利用LAS验证通量的不确定性进行了分析,发现图像中LAS测点的几何定位误差以及LAS测量路径中像元的选取都对验证结果有一定影响. 相似文献
10.
J. Amanollahi S. Kaboodvandpour Ph.D. A. M. Abdullah M. F. Ramli 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(2):373-380
Dust storms are strongly and negatively associated with the annual cycle of rainfall and coincide with the west and southwesterly winds in west and south west of Iran. Accuracy assessment of particulate matter products of moderate resolution image spectroradiometer was studied in this research. Moderate resolution image spectroradiometer products consist of aerosol optical thickness, its corresponding image red, green and blue and moderate resolution image spectroradiometer/ terra calibrated radiances 5 minutes L1B swath 1 km, which shows the environmental information at terrestrial, atmospheric and ocean phenomenology. Daily aerosol optical thickness data retrieved from moderate resolution image spectroradiometer from May 2009 to May 2010 were compared with the amount of particulate matter measured at ground in Sanandaj, Iran, using non-linear correlation coefficient. Results showed that the moderate resolution image spectroradiometer image / terra calibrated radiances 5 minutes L1B swath 1 km is able to detect dust storms distribution and their blowing direction over study area clearly. The air quality conditions obtained in with dust storm period were unhealthy and correlation coefficients between moderate resolution image spectroradiometer aerosol optical thickness and particulate matter concentration in this period were higher than without dust storm period. The moderate resolution image spectroradiometer aerosol optical thickness values lower than 0.1 were acquired uncertainty level. Comparison of moderate resolution image spectroradiometer images/ terra calibrated radiances 5 minutes L1B swath 1 km and image red, green and blue showed that moderate resolution image spectroradiometer has limitation in retrieval of aerosol optical thickness from the dust storm with high concentration of particulate matter. This study reveals that the algorithm which is applied to refine the aerosol optical thickness is not able to recognize the amount of particulate matter in low and very high concentrations sensitively. No study has previously been conducted to investigate the accuracy of the moderate resolution image spectroradiometer particulate matter products. 相似文献
11.
A. Chudnovsky A. Lyapustin Y. Wang C. Tang J. Schwartz P. Koutrakis 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2014,6(1):17-26
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provides daily global coverage, but the 10 km resolution of its aerosol optical depth (AOD) product is not suitable for studying spatial variability of aerosols in urban areas. Recently, a new Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm was developed for MODIS which provides AOD at 1 km resolution. Using MAIAC data, the relationship between MAIAC AOD and PM2.5 as measured by the 27 EPA ground monitoring stations was investigated. These results were also compared to conventional MODIS 10 km AOD retrievals (MOD04) for the same days and locations. The coefficients of determination for MOD04 and for MAIAC are R2 =0.45 and 0.50 respectively, suggested that AOD is a reasonably good proxy for PM2.5 ground concentrations. Finally, we studied the relationship between PM2.5 and AOD at the intra-urban scale (?10 km) in Boston. The fine resolution results indicated spatial variability in particle concentration at a sub-10 kilometer scale. A local analysis for the Boston area showed that the AOD-PM2.5 relationship does not depend on relative humidity and air temperatures below ～7 °C. The correlation improves for temperatures above 7–16 °C. We found no dependence on the boundary layer height except when the former was in the range 250–500 m. Finally, we apply a mixed effects model approach to MAIAC aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from MODIS to predict PM2.5 concentrations within the greater Boston area. With this approach we can control for the inherent day-to-day variability in the AOD-PM2.5 relationship, which depends on time-varying parameters such as particle optical properties, vertical and diurnal concentration profiles and ground surface reflectance. Our results show that the model-predicted PM2.5 mass concentrations are highly correlated with the actual observations (out-of-sample R2 of 0.86). Therefore, adjustment for the daily variability in the AOD-PM2.5 relationship provides a means for obtaining spatially-resolved PM2.5 concentrations. 相似文献
12.
利用MODIS反演长江中游悬浮泥沙含量的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在众多卫星传感器中,中等分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)数据因其高的时间分辨率和中等的空间分辨率,对于水质研究具有自身的潜力和优越性.选取长江中游主河道武汉至宜昌段为例,利用MODIS 250 m波段数据定量反演了内陆河流悬浮泥沙的质量浓度.研究结果表明,地面实测的悬浮泥沙质量浓度与MODIS1,2波段的反射率组合(R1-R2)/(R1 R2)有很好的相关关系(相关系数 R2=0.72,样品数n=41),基于这种相关性建立了长江中游主河道武汉至宜昌段表层悬浮泥沙的遥感定量反演经验模型. 相似文献
13.
基于遥感数据的全球及区域土地覆盖制图--现状、战略和趋势 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17
土地利用／土地覆盖变化研究是近年来全球变化研究的焦点之一。全球和区域尺度的土地覆盖特征对全球环境状况的评估、模拟未来全球环境的情景有重要的作用。2000年在Internat ionalJournalofRemoteSensing杂志上出版了题为"GlobalandRegionalLandCoverCharacterizat ion from Remotely Sensed Data"的专辑。在此基础上,介绍、总结了国际上利用遥感影像进行全球和区域等大尺度土地覆盖研究的新进展。分别从数据源与制图的时空尺度、制图方法（数据预处理、分类、精度评估）等方面进行了介绍,并对现今的两个全球土地覆盖数据库进行了比较分析。 相似文献
14.
使用MODIS和MOPITT卫星数据监测震前异常 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
地震前温度异常以及CH4、CO2等气体的含量增加已经被人们逐渐认识,目前较多的研究集中在使用卫星热红外数据研究震前的温度异常,震前CH4、 CO2等气体含量的增加却一直未能从卫星观测中实现。使用MODIS数据研究了2002年1月15日台湾5级地震前的海上温度异常,使用MOPITT数据研究了2002年3月31日台湾7.5级强震前的CO异常以及温度异常。研究发现温度异常区和CO高值区吻合,因此认为这种温度异常可能是由于地球排气作用而导致。 相似文献
15.
Microwave remote sensing provides a unique capability for soil parameter retrievals. Therefore, various soil parameters estimation models have been developed using brightness temperature (BT) measured by passive microwave sensors. Due to the low resolution of satellite microwave radiometer data, the main goal of this study is to develop a downscaling approach to improve the spatial resolution of soil moisture estimates with the use of higher resolution visible/infrared sensor data. Accordingly, after the soil parameters have been obtained using Simultaneous Land Parameters Retrieval Model algorithm, the downscaling method has been applied to the soil moisture estimations that have been validated against in situ soil moisture data. Advance Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS BT data in Soil Moisture Experiment 2003 region in the south and north of Oklahoma have been used to this end. Results illustrated that the soil moisture variability is effectively captured at 5 km spatial scales without a significant degradation of the accuracy. 相似文献
16.
利用中国650个台站降水数据,在日、月、年尺度上,分析了多卫星降水分析数据(TMPA3B42)在中国大陆50°N以南地区的适用性,并利用MODIS逐日积雪数据评估了冬季TMPA数据在以青藏高原为主体区的精度。结果表明:TMPA日降水数据精度存在时空不稳定性,且随着时间尺度的增加,TMPA降水数据的精度提高;在同一时间尺度上,TMPA数据精度在降水量大的地区要明显好于降水稀少地区,但年尺度降水大于2500mm地区存在明显低估;TMPA数据冬季区域降水空间误差平均水平在15%,当只考虑积雪区时的降水空间误差平均水平在40%,这说明TMPA对冬季降水空间量较差,但同时这也意味着可以利用MODIS积雪数据修正TMPA冬季降水数据。 相似文献
17.
From early November 2008 to February 2009, lack of rainfall led to severe drought in northern China. More than 9.3 million ha of wheat in six major crop production provinces, including Henan, Anhui, Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu, and Shaanxi, were hit by drought. Supported by Chinese HJ-1 satellite images together with NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, dynamic monitoring of the drought was conducted. HJ-1 CCD data with 30-m resolution were used to identify cropland information. Spatial–temporal variation of drought was detected using Vegetation Index and Water Index time series data derived from MODIS visible, infrared, and short-wave infrared bands. The influences of drought were classified into five levels based on MODIS-derived 8-day composite Anomaly Water Index (AWI) and field survey data. The results indicated that the drought deteriorated beginning in November 2008 and became most serious in late January 2009. HJ-1 data together with MODIS data proved to be valuable data sources for monitoring soil moisture and drought at a both regional and national scale. 相似文献
18.
Accuracy verification of MODIS daily cloud-free snow cover products over the Tibetan Plateau北大核心CSCD
Snow cover is of great hydrological,ecological,and climatic significance in the Tibetan Plateau. MODIS snow products are widely used at present but are seriously affected by clouds. Scholars at home and abroad have developed a variety of cloud removal products for raw MODIS daily snow products,but the accuracy of these products in the Tibetan Plateau has not been evaluated comprehensively. Therefore,this paper uses Landsat-8 data with high resolution as the reference value to conduct systematic verification of three datasets of cloud-free snow products released on a daily basis. The results show that compared with the two sets of products （M*D10A1GL06 and MODIS_Dysno_Cloudfree）,which are produced based on raw MODIS daily snow cover product realized by NSIDC（National Snow and Ice Data Center）,the MODIS CGF SCE product produced based on MODIS surface reflectance data,has a great advantage in snow identification accuracy. The MODIS CGF SCE product optimized the NDSI threshold for different land cover types. Although the accuracy of snow identification was significantly improved,the problem of large snow identification error in forest areas was still not effectively resolved,and there was a high underestimate error. © 2022 Science Press (China). 相似文献
19.
MODIS是新一代遥感技术,其遥测数据与其他单独的遥感平台(如NOAA和Land Sat)所获得的数据相比,具有免费、较高时间分辨率(0.5d)、空间分辨率(250m)和光谱分辨率(波谱范围0.4～14μm,36个光谱通道)等优势和特点.详细介绍了国内外的研究现状,着重对MODIS在洪水过程和洪灾范围实时动态监测、冰川和积雪、降水、植被、土壤水分、蒸发、水文模型、水质等方面的应用和研究进展进行了评述,指出MODIS在水文水资源中具有广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
20.
In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate land surface temperatures (LST) and spectral emissivities over a hard
rock terrain using multi-sensor satellite data. The study area, of about 6000 km2, is a part of Singhbhum-Orissa craton situated in the eastern part of India. TIR data from ASTER, MODIS and Landsat ETM+
have been used in the present study. Telatemp Model AG-42D Portable Infrared Thermometer was used for ground measurements
to validate the results derived from satellite (MODIS/ASTER) data. LSTs derived using Landsat ETM+ data of two different dates
have been compared with the satellite data (ASTER and MODIS) of those two dates. Various techniques, viz., temperature and
emissivity separation (TES) algorithm, gray body adjustment approach in TES algorithm, Split-Window algorithms and Single
Channel algorithm along with NDVI based emissivity approach have been used. LSTs derived from bands 31 and 32 of MODIS data
using Split-Window algorithms with higher viewing angle (50°) (LST1 and LST2) are found to have closer agreement with ground
temperature measurements (ground LST) over waterbody, Dalma forest and Simlipal forest, than that derived from ASTER data
(TES with AST 13). However, over agriculture land, there is some uncertainty and difference between the measured and the estimated
LSTs for both validation dates for all the derived LSTs. LST obtained using Single Channel algorithm with NDVI based emissivity
method in channel 13 of ASTER data has yielded closer agreement with ground measurements recorded over vegetation and mixed
lands of low spectral contrast. LST results obtained with TIR band 6 of Landsat ETM+ using Single Channel algorithm show close
agreement over Dalma forest, Simlipal forest and waterbody with LSTs obtained using MODIS and ASTER data for a different date.
Comparison of LSTs shows good agreement with ground measurements in thermally homogeneous area. However, results in agriculture
area with less homogeneity show difference of LST up to 2°C. The results of the present study indicate that continuous monitoring
of LST and emissivity can be undertaken with the aid of multi-sensor satellite data over a thermally homogeneous region. 相似文献